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Test Bank For The Earth and Its Peoples A Global History 6th Edition Download
Test Bank For The Earth and Its Peoples A Global History 6th Edition Download
1. Scholars refer to the period 1500 B.C.E.to 200 C.E. in Mesoamerica as the preclassical period. The most important
civilization in this period was the
a. Olmec
b. Maya
c. Aztec
d. Anasazi
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 194
3. The makers of the "giant head" carvings in Mesoamerica were part of which civilization?
a. Olmec
b. Toltec
c. Zapatac.
d. Oaxacan
e. Chavin
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 196
4. Giant Olmec heads sculpted from basalt and sometimes standing 11 feet tall, are believed to represent:
a. rulers
b. warriors
c. ballplayers
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 197
5. The Chavin dominated a densely populated region between 900 B.C.E. and 250 B.C.E. that included large areas of:
a. the Peruvian coastal plain
b. the Andean foothills
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Name: Class: Date:
6. First bred in the mountainous regions of Peru, these animals were the only domesticated beasts of burden in
Mesoamerica.
a. llama
b. dogs
c. horses
d. oxen
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 198
8. Which Mesoamerican group practiced human sacrifice in the region of the Yucatan peninsula?
a. Maya
b. Anasazi
c. Olmec
d. Toltec
e. All of these
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 202
9. What type of agriculture was practiced by the Maya in the cooler highlands?
a. Slash and burn
b. Three-field crop rotation
c. Terraced landscaping and irrigation
d. None; they relied on trade for economic development
e. Swidden
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Name: Class: Date:
13. Chinampas were raised fields constructed along lakesides in Mesoamerica which provided the benefit of:
a. organic agriculture.
b. centralized farming space.
c. taking up less habitable space for humans and livestock
d. year-round agriculture was possible.
e. easy access to watering crops
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 200
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Name: Class: Date:
14. What were the main dietary staples among the Maya?
a. Grain
b. Corn and beans
c. Fish
d. Dairy products and meat from livestock
e. Potatoes and manioc
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 201
15. When the Maya captured commoners, they typically enslaved them for hard labor, while this group almost always
became sacrificial victims.
a. all prisoners of war
b. drafted commoners who "lost" the lottery
c. slaves who were old or no longer valuable
d. captured nobility from other areas
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 202
17. Though Maya society was organized in this family system, some rulers traced their lineage from both males and
females.
a. Matrilineal
b. Patrilineal
c. Unilateral
d. Communal parenting
e. Dictatorship
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 202
20. Which of the following groups was the earliest Mesoamerican civilization?
a. Toltecs
b. Olmec
c. Maya
d. Aztecs
e. Oaxacans
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 194
21. The major states in the postclassic periods were those of the
a. Toltecs and Aztecs
b. Aztecs and Incans
c. Moche and Anasazi
d. Hopewell and Olmec
e. Chavin and Moche
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 203
22. The Toltec influence - extending from their capital of Tula - gradually expanded to include modern day:
a. Arizona.
b. Peru.
c. Brazil.
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Name: Class: Date:
23. The apex of Toltec power coincided with the development of an alliance with this state.
a. Teotihaucan
b. Texcoco
c. Culhuacan
d. Tikal
e. Tula
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 204
24. Some scholars claim that the similarities in decorative motifs, architecture and urban planning between the Maya and
the Toltec was because the Maya were conquered by the Toltec, while more recent scholarship suggests:
a. Religious priests on pilgrimage fostered the exchange.
b. They were linked by long-term cultural exchanges.
c. Exchanges of elite family members occurred.
d. Attacks by other states caused the interactions and similarities.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 205
25. The Tula and Toltec states went into steep decline as a result of internal power struggles and:
a. external military threat from the north.
b. famine resulting from crop failure.
c. natural disasters.
d. disease.
e. none of the above.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 205
26. Located near the modern Mexican city of Puebla, this state developed at about the same time as Teotihuacan.
a. Anasazi
b. Lima
c. Cholula
d. Chichen Itza
e. none of the above
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
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Name: Class: Date:
28. What factor most likely led to the abandonment of Chaco Canyon?
a. Weather
b. Warfare
c. Plague
d. Cannibalism
e. Encroachment of the Spanish
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 206
29. One of the earliest examples of chiefdoms in North America was with the
a. Anaszi.
b. Mesa Verde Cliff Dwellers.
c. Hopewell.
d. Mississippian culture.
e. Cahokia.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 208
30. Social and political organization in the North American tribes was dependent on
a. conquest.
b. tribute systems.
c. chiefdoms.
d. thanes.
e. shamans.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 207
36. The Andean labor system based on shared obligations to help kinsmen was called:
a. wari
b. moche
c. ayllu
d. mita
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 210
41. One of the essential technological and agricultural breakthroughs for the Tiwanaku was/were:
a. dams and dikes.
b. advanced accounting system.
c. raised fields and irrigation ditches.
d. oxen and other beasts of burden.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 212
42. The two Andean cities that precede the Incan civilization are
a. Chanchan and Teotihuacan.
b. Wari and Tiwanaku.
c. Tenochtitlan and Toledo.
d. Kilwa and Mombasa.
e. Dos Pilas and San Lorenzo.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 214
43. Wari clearly shared elements of culture and technology with which state?
a. Tiwanaku
b. Tula
c. Tenochtitlan
d. Teotihuacan
e. Lima
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 214
44. After 900 c.e. and surviving for over 400 years, this empire controlled 600 miles of the Pacific coast from Ecuador to
central Peru.
46. chinampas
ANSWER: Answer not provided.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 200
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Identifications - Identifications
47. Maya
ANSWER: Answer not provided.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 200
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Identifications - Identifications
48. Toltecs
ANSWER: Answer not provided.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 203
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Identifications - Identifications
49. Anasazi
ANSWER: Answer not provided.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 206
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Identifications - Identifications
50. chiefdom
ANSWER: Answer not provided.
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Name: Class: Date:
51. ayllu
ANSWER: Answer not provided.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 210
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Identifications - Identifications
52. mit'a
ANSWER: Answer not provided.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 210
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Identifications - Identifications
53. Moche
ANSWER: Answer not provided.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 210
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Identifications - Identifications
54. Wari
ANSWER: Answer not provided.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 214
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Identifications - Identifications
55. Olmec
ANSWER: Answer not provided.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 196
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Identifications - Identifications
56. Chavin
ANSWER: Answer not provided.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 197
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Identifications - Identifications
57. Chimú
ANSWER: Answer not provided.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 215
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Name: Class: Date:
58. Tiwanaku
ANSWER: Answer not provided.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 211
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Identifications - Identifications
59. llama
ANSWER: Answer not provided.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 198
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Identifications - Identifications
61. Mesoamerican cities were among the greatest in the world. Describe Teotihuacan as well as Tula, and the other great
cities described in the chapter. What made them great? Describe a city near to where you live and compare it to
Mesoamerican cities.
ANSWER: This question should provoke students to bring together many parts of the chapter. Students
should understand the political, economic, agricultural, and religious components of these
cities, each of which had complex social class systems, marketplaces and trade, highly
developed means of growing food for a large population, and extensive religious temples and
rituals. Their size drew farmers from their fields into urban craft production for a growing
long-distance trade network. These cities were religious, artistic, and trade centers that had
63. What were the cultural and technological contributions of the Maya?
ANSWER: The Maya built on the contributions of the Olmec and also made many additions, such as the
calendar, writing systems, and mathematics. The Maya calendar tracked both the ritual cycle
and the solar cycle. The mathematical developments included the concept of zero and place
value. The writing system was a form of hieroglyphic inscription, and for paper the Maya
used tree bark and deerskin.
POINTS: 1
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Short Answer - Short Answer
64. What were the major differences between the Maya and Toltec civilizations?
ANSWER: The Maya established city-states that were united by a common culture but not by a common
political or military system. Their achievements were artistic, agricultural, and architectural.
The Toltecs were less influential culturally but more influential in the areas of politics and
the military. They were more politically homogeneous, were under centralized rule, and
expanded their control through military conquest.
POINTS: 1
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Short Answer - Short Answer
65. What was the influence of religion on politics in the Mesoamerican world?
ANSWER: Religion played an important role in the development and daily life of Mesoamerican cities.
Animism expressed the spiritual vitality of nature in the form of the rain god, sun god, and so
forth. To ensure agricultural productivity, Mesoamericans believed that the gods who ruled
the natural forces needed to be appeased in part through blood sacrifice. This necessitated
finding victims, preferably prisoners of war (although voluntary bloodletting by nobles was
also common). Thus religious belief was partially responsible for military campaigns.
POINTS: 1
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Short Answer - Short Answer
66. Explain the development of the Anasazi and the Hopewell cultures in North America. What aspects were similar and
where did they differ?
ANSWER: By the end of the classic period in Mesoamerica, around 900c.e., important cultural centers
had appeared in the southwestern desert region and along the Ohio and Mississippi River
Valleys of what is now the United States (see Map 8.4). The peoples of the Southwest
benefited from the early introduction of maize and other Mesoamerican cultigens (before
1000 b.c.e.). The resulting improvement to agricultural productivity led before 500 c.e. to
rising population, the beginnings of urbanization, and increased social stratification. Maize
arrived among the Amerindian peoples of the Ohio Valley sometime after 200 c.e., but only
became the region’s chief staple after 800. Once widely adopted this useful crop accelerated
the development of large population centers and new political institutions. The two regions
evolved different political traditions. The Anasazi and their neighbors in the Southwest
maintained a relatively egalitarian social structure and retained collective forms of political
organization based on kinship and age. The mound builders of the eastern river valleys – like
the Hopewells - evolved more hierarchical political institutions, which subordinated groups
of small towns and villages to a political center ruled by a hereditary chief who wielded both
secular and religious authority.
POINTS: 1
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Short Answer - Short Answer
67. Describe the importance of ayllu and mit'a in the development of the early Andean civilizations.
ANSWER: It was the clan, or ayllu, that provided the foundation for Andean achievement. Members of
an ayllu held land communally. Ayllu members thought of each other as brothers and sisters
and were obligated to aid each other in tasks that required more labor than a single household
could provide. These reciprocal obligations provided the model for the organization of labor
and the distribution of goods at every level of Andean society. Just as individuals and
families were expected to provide labor to kinsmen, ayllus were collectively expected to
provide labor and goods to their rulers. With the development of territorial states ruled by
hereditary aristocracies and kings after 1000b.c.e., these obligations were organized on a
larger scale. The mita was a rotational labor draft that organized members of ayllus to work
the fields and care for the llama and alpaca herds owned by religious establishments, the
royal court, and the aristocracy. Mita laborers built and maintained roads, bridges, temples,
palaces, and large irrigation and drainage projects. They also produced textiles and goods
essential to ritual life, such as beer made from maize and coca (dried leaves chewed as a
stimulant and now also the source of cocaine).
POINTS: 1
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Short Answer - Short Answer
68. What indications are present in the story of Lady Wac-Chanil-Ahua's marriage that indicate social standing of her
family? How does this demonstrate the competition for resources in the Americas?
ANSWER: Answer not provided.
POINTS: 1
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Short Answer - Short Answer
71. Looking at the plazas of Teotihaucan and Tikal shown in pictures on 199 and 201 respectively, what role does religion
play in contributing to the urban architecture?
ANSWER: Answer not provided.
POINTS: 1
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Short Answer - Short Answer
73. The primary reason for the achievements of the classic era was _______________.
ANSWER: establishment of a power structure by the elite in organizing and commanding laborers and
soldiers.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 199
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Short Answer - Short Answer
Instructions: Answer the following question(s) using Map 8.1 from your textbook (page 196).
74. Using Map 8.1, describe the geographic similarities and differences between the Olmec and the Chavin civilizations.
ANSWER: Answer not provided.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: p. 196
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: PCTA.BCHHJ.11 Map Exercises - Map Exercises
Instructions: Answer the following question(s) using Map 8.2 from your textbook (page 200).
75. Using Map 8.2, describe the role geography played in the fact that the Maya never developed a unified and integrated
state.
Instructions: Answer the following question(s) using Map 8.3 from your textbook (page 204).
76. Using Map 8.3, examine the relationship between the Toltec state and the Mayan cultural areas of the Yucatan
peninsula.
77. Using Map 8.4, describe the various North American civilizations and what role geography and topography played in
their development.
Instructions: Answer the following question(s) using Map 8.5 from your textbook (page 210).
78. Using Map 8.5, explain the importance of the three zones of geography (coastal, foothills, mountains) in the
development of the early South American civilizations.