3.

Biomaterials

Evolution of Biomaterials
Science and Technology
BG-bioglass
BIOINERT AND FLEXIBLE
Nano scale materials – good
interactions with host system

DDS
 Fourth generation Implants

Biomimetics (studies on gene/DNA etc/TE)

Designed with specific structure and function

mimicking complex biological molecules provide
for structural and functional infrastructure serving
as matrix (endogenous) cells, participate in
biological signalling, and/or deliver proteins and
drugs.
▪Tissue engineered implants designed to re-grow
rather than replace tissues.

Examples : 1. *Integra Life Sciences == artificial skin

2. *Genzyme cartilage == cell procedure
3. Some re-sorbabale bone repair cements
4. Genetically engineered “biological” components
(*Genetics Institute and Creative Bio molecules BMPs)
 Polymeric biomaterials

▪PMMA
▪PVA
▪PLA/PGA
▪PE
▪PP
▪PA
▪PTFE
▪PET
▪PU
▪Silicones
 PC-leaching problem
PMMA- leaching

Easy processing

UV/γ
rays

UHMWPE-Joints • Tg
PU- stents
*Highly biocompatible
*BONE- Composite

HAp
Adaptive to host
stents
Biopolymer
Natural BMs
 POLYMERS

Natural Synthetic

Proteins
Non-degrad Degradable
Collagen able
PGA, PLA,
Fibrinogen Polysaccharide PE, PP,PA
Soy Cellulose PU, PC, PVC
protein PDS, PCL
Hyaluronic acid PMMA,
Silk PTFE
Chitin PHB, PPF
 BIOBASED POLYMERS

Synthesized form
Extracted from Produced by
bio-derived
biomass organisms
monomers

PLA/ Bacterial
Polysaccharide proteins PLGA PHA glucan cellulose, EPS
etc etc

Starch
Cellulose Animal, PHA – polyhydroxy acid
Chitosan plant
EPS-Extracellular polymeric
pectin
substance
Tailored – Hydrophobic/hydrophilic surfaces
Ionic neutral
Ion implantation, charges, morphology,
ion trapping, bacteria concern
Ordinary stents and drug eluting stents
Knee and Hip Joints