REVIEWER FOR CHEMISTRY= organic compound of molecule that are - chernically combined in long repeating chain -big long chain with large molecular weight Natural Polymers © cotton * wool © silk © leather © natural rubber ° DNA © cellulose = most common polymer on Earth (An organic compound Found in the cell wall of plants. It is used to produce paper products, ‘exes Synthetic or man-made © polypropylene (carpet, upholstery) © polycarbonate (plexiglass for windows) © polyvinyl chloride (PVC) (pipings) * polyamide (nylon) © polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, teflon) (non-stick pan and electrical insulators) * polystyrene (PS) (toys and foams) © polymethyl methacrylate (Pace shield) © polyvinyl acetate (PVc) (paints, adhesive) * polychloroprene (neoprene) (wet suits) * polyethylene (the most plastic in the world found in items from shopping bags to storage containers) Low-Density Polyethylene LOPE. grocery bags High-Density Polyethylene HOPE, detergents, toys « bottles * Some synthetic polymers are pliable (thermoplastic) others are permanently rigid (thermosets) still others have rubber- like properties (elastomers) Properties of Polymer Depending on the desired use, polymers can be fine-tuned to leverage certain advantageous properties. 1) REFLECTIVITY - some polymers are used tolproduce® SpePlective fill which is used in variety of light- related technologies 2.) IMPACT RESISTANCE - sturdy plastics that canvwithstandirough) chandlingrare perfect for luggage, protective cases and car bumpers 3) BRITTLENESS - some Forms of polymers ane tnardvand easy» tordePorm using heat4.) TRANSLUCENCE ~(See=through| polymers including polymer clay are often used in arts and crafts 5) OUCTILTI ly - unlike brittle polymers, it can bedePormed without Falling apart) 6) ELASTICITY - natural and synthetic rubbers have'elastic properties that make thern ideal for car tines. Monomer Name Formula Polymer 1) ethylene (ethene) tel = CHa polyethylene 2) vinyl chloride 4 C = cH polyvinylchloride (chloroethene) * (PVC) H 3) sty fb lysty rene -> vinylbenzene _ _@ polystyrene tac ~ C © (etheny| benzene) oO 4.) methyl metacrylate CH C (Cs ) _ COCH, polymethyl metacrylate 2-methyl-propanoate S,) tetrafluoroethene F C _ CF polytetrafluoroethylene tetrafluoroethylene 2 OQ 6) vinyl acetate \ polyvinyl acetate etheny| ethanoate CH =CH-OC- CH 3 1) chloroprene polychloroprene 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene ILC = C - CH CH. ClWhen polymerization is carried out at high | | pressure and temperature, the product is called low-density polyethylene and has properties different from the high-density polyethylene. Classification of Polymers Synthetic polymers are classified into two main types depending on how they are made 1) CHAIN-CROWTH POLYMER (also called(@ddition! polymer) - are made by the‘addition of one monomer unit to another in a repetitive manner of _ lymenzation ie ~ Ch r hn = several thousands 2.) STEP-CROWTH POLYMER (also called @ondensation|polyrier) * usually formed between two different Punctional groups) with the loss of some molecules such as water thus the polymer does not contain the atoms initially present in the monomers * Th step-growth polymerization/ multiple) (Polgmersiare bonded direct with one another - POLYMERIZATION ‘into larger ones) ethylene gives polyethylene; having many uses, particularly in the production of packaging, films, wire coating, and squeeze bottles. Ethene on Ethylene © This is a colorless flammable gas having a sweet taste and odor. © Natural gases of ethylene include both natural gas and petroleum © Tis also a naturally occurring hormone in plants, in which it exhibits and promotes lea? fall, and in Fruits in which it promotes ripening. ¢ Ch Ch) © Ethylene use Falls into main categories 2 1) as a monomer, from which longer carbon chains are constructed and 2.) as a starting material for other two carbon compound.AlKenes