Mentari Intercultural School Bintaro

Jl. Perigi Baru No. 7A

Pondok Aren – Bintaro 15224

IBDP Analysis and Approaches Standard Level Year 1

Summary of Reviewed Articles

Annotated Bibliography

No. Article (MLA Format) Annotation

1 In this article, they discussed how Japan’s population has fallen in
Yeung, Jessie, and Moeri
2022. It also explained that Japan has the lowest birth rates in the
Karasawa. “Japan's
world, which means that it supported the fall in their population.
Population Drops by
This article gives a brief background on why their population has
Half a Million in 2022.”
decreased and the positive or negative impacts towards their
CNN, Cable News
country. Not to mention, it also gives information about the decline
Network, 13 Apr. 2023,
of 2022 from the previous year, which is now at 124.49 million.
edition.cnn.com/2023/
CNN itself is a much credible source as it is known to be a trusted
04/13/asia/japan-popu
source for analysis and sorts. They even provide the latest media
lation-decline-record-d
through advanced technology such as live streams, searchable
rop-intl-hnk/index.html
archives and so much more. This article was published recently, on
#:~:text=Japan's%20po
April 13, 2023. In addition, the author of this article, Jessie Yeung is
pulation%20has%20fal
a NYU bachelor degree graduate in English and also in American
len%20for,the%20previ
literature. The article is relevant to my IA as it could be used as a
ous%20year%2C%20fi
source for more detailed information on why the constant decline of
gures%20show.
population in Japan is and still happening.

With the specific information I receive from this article, I may use

this in my IA as the factual background of how Japan’s population

had resulted in this situation right now. I may use it in my rationale

and as my own understanding of how the society of Japan functions.

 This would help me in giving me an image of how the birth rates and

the death rates would lead to the exponential decay.

Word count : 254

2
“Japan Population This paper gives clear numbers and numerous data on the

Growth Rate population of Japan from the year of 1950 and until the year of

1950-2023.” 2023. It gives the historical population data, which includes the

MacroTrends, years, the decay rate and the population decay rate itself. So

www.macrotrends meaning, it gives the exact number of population of Japan for each

.net/countries/JP year. It also gives us a comparison between Japan’s population in

N/japan/populati 2023 with other countries. From this website, we’d know that even

on-growth-rate. if Japan’s population is large in comparison to others, it still

experiences exponential decay on its population annually. For

example, Germany and the UK have less population than Japan, but

it doesn’t mean that Japan’s population is increasing. As from the

data gathered from Japan’s population decay, it shows that it still

decreases slowly even if their population is higher than others.

This source is very much reliable and credible as they gather their

data from the World Bank and from the Bureau of Labour

Economics in the U.S. They use economic data, financial market data

as well as the judgment from experts. Many other sources have also

said that Macro Trends is legit and trusted for their data as it is

accurate and written by experts.

All the data that I’ve gathered from this source would be useful for

my IA as I will use the data to differentiate the real-life data from

this website and the data that I will calculate using the exponential

decay formula. To add on, it would be really useful as it gives me the

 specific years as well, meaning that I could apply it in my

exponential graph.

Word count : 273

3
“Exponential This site gives me a clear explanation on how to calculate

Decay Formulas - exponential decay using different formulas. The first formula that is

What Is 𝑥
given is 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑏 . Another formula that I could use given by this
Exponential Decay 𝑡
website is 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎 (1 − 𝑟) . The last formula that can be used for
Formula?
−𝑘𝑡
exponential decay is 𝑃 = 𝑃𝑜 𝑒 . All these formulas are applicable
Examples.”
for population decay in Japan. This source also comes along with
Cuemath,
examples and short but clear explanations on how to solve problems
www.cuemath.co
with the different formulas given. There are 3 explanations, each
m/exponential-de
giving an example of how to interpret the different formulas. Even if
cay-formula/.
they are all applicable, I am planning to use the formula of

𝑡
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎 (1 − 𝑟) as it is simple and easy to understand. There are

also the descriptions of each component in the formula, for example

“r”= rate of exponential decay and so on.

I can trust this site as it has a rate of 4.35 and it ranks first compared

to other math websites that could give you formulas or explanations.

The writers are the teachers of the program of Cuemath itself, which

gives us the idea that they are well-educated teachers who are

willing to share their knowledge to others for a good cause.

I am going to use this website as an example for how I could use the

formula in Japan’s population. It might also help me in writing my IA

as it guides me in calculating such as there are descriptions of each

component of the formula that would help remind myself of what

needs to be calculated.
 Word count : 261

4
Zyga, Lisa. “The In this article, it gives the view of how golf, a sport, uses

Mathematics of mathematical application through mathematical models. This

Golf.” Phys.org, means that mathematical models are used for the limitations in

Phys.org, 16 Aug. equipment for golf, giving a prediction and limit as well to the

2017, distance when the golf ball is hit. It indicates that when in golf, math

phys.org/news/20 is used together with physics. Golf has thousands of simulations

17-08-mathematic which are constructed by mathematical models. The rules of math

s-golf.html. are applied internationally for golf.

This site is trusted as the journals are peer-reviewed by

professionals and the resources or information that they get are

from credible universities. Phys.org is considered to give trusted

scientific information and is already used by hundreds of thousands

of users in the world.

I may use this in my IA as I am interested in golf as a sport. In being

able to create an internal assessment that I am actually interested

in, I would be eager to produce a great IA. I would apply the

information in my IA for the background information or as the

rationale as an introduction for how math is actually used for

playing golf. This website also contains the numbers or the data of

the equipment, for example the weight for clubs, the distance and so

on. The specific numbers are stated and the examples are given with

numbers to actually give proof that mathematical models actually

apply in real life. In real life meaning, golf as a sport with

calculations through limitations or calculating distances.

Word Count : 253

5
Tomasi, TJ. “Golf Is
In this article, it gives another point of view on how math is useful
a Game of
for the sport of golf. In some ways, math can be applied to golf
Geometry.” Keiser
through mathematical models, but in this case it is through
University College
geometry. It gives an explanation on how geometry is used or
of Golf, Keiser
applied to golf when it comes to the rotation of the swing, the
University College
position of the golf ball and the placement of the golf ball as well.
of Golf, 9 Jan.
This website gives a brief description yet very informative as it gives
2023,
specific information on how math is applied to the sport itself.
collegeofgolf.keise
Keeping in mind, this website is trustworthy and credible as Keiser
runiversity.edu/go
University is an accredited school when it comes to golf. They are
lf-is-a-game-of-ge
known for a reputable university for sharpening their student's
ometry/#:~:text=
abilities with trained coaches. The author of this article is a teaching
Golf%20is%20a%
professional for golf and he had achieved a Ph.D. for education. This
20game%20of%2
would indicate that he is great at education and teaching people at
0geometry%3B%
golf as well. Therefore, this website is reliable as there is proof that
20so%2C%20to%
the author is someone who is well-educated.
20facilitate%20th
This could be useful for my IA as it tells us that golf takes the use of
e,the%20correct
math in it. Knowing that golf has elements of math in it, it would be
%20position%20a
an interesting topic as well for my IA as I could write something that
t%20address.
I would like to know more about. Giving a certain background as

well, this article would be used for knowing how geometry is used

in golf.

Word Count : 259

6
“Pascal's Triangle:
Here, it gives an explanation on the definition and clear examples on
Definition,
pascal’s triangle. They give explanations like on the fibonacci
Properties,
sequence, in formulas, in the construction of the pascal’s triangle
Application &
and so much more. Their examples are clear as they give real life
Examples.”
examples as well like in coin tossing when we have to count through
Pascal's Triangle:
the probability using the Pascal’s triangle. The formula is explained
Definition,
𝑛!
as well when there are combinations, 𝑛𝐶𝑟 = 𝑟!(𝑛−𝑟)!
and they also
Properties,

Application & explained how the combinations can be expressed with notations as

Examples, well. For the construction of Pascal's triangle, they gave an

testbook.com/mat explanation which is clear enough for the readers to understand,

hs/pascals-triangl step-by-step.

e. This site would be reliable and credible as it is known for the high

quality of their ways of teaching or guide in learning different fields

of subjects, including Math. In India, they are number one in terms

of competitive sites used for studying exams. They are also known

for being an exquisite platform as they are not costly to access, they

have high quality material and also a structured way of teaching or

methods that are much more structured than others.

I could apply this for calculations and formulas that I could use if I

were to use this topic, while also having real-life examples to use for

me to much further understand the context of using combinations

through Pascal's triangle. This would help me in not just the

calculations for the IA, but as well as constructing the triangle itself

later on as there is an example of the triangle in the site.

Word Count : 265

7
“Pascal's Triangle
In cuemath, it is elaborated that there are binomial expansions that
- Formula,
are used through the Pascal’s triangle. There are rows that would
Patterns,
indicate the expansions, for example
Examples,
(𝑥 + 𝑦)2 = 𝑥2 + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦2. There are coefficients that would
Definition.”
match the numbers in the expansion as well by just looking at the
Cuemath,
Pascal’s triangle. In here, there are also tables that show the
www.cuemath.co
probabilities, patterns are shown as well like the fibonacci
m/algebra/pascal
sequence, important notes and not to mention simple but useful
s-triangle/.
examples for the readers to understand the topic in a much clearer

way.

Cuemath is indeed a trusted platform to use. They have a higher

rating out of all the platforms used for studying or learning math in

the best possible way. They have teachers who are trained and the

ones who are uploading the information for math are themselves,

which means that we can trust this site as they are written by

professional teachers who are already given the time and effort to

teach others in a good manner.

I could use this information as another point of view using Pascal's

triangle. There are also different explanations that can be useful for

my calculations and illustration if I were to use them in my IA. In

cuemath, there are also practice questions that would help me

understand the topic more and help me in getting to know the

different ways of using the Pascal's triangle for different situations.

Not to mention, the practice questions would also help to gain my

knowledge of facts regarding the triangle.

Word Count : 259

8
Threepipe.
Another topic that I am invested in is trigonometry. This website
“Trigonometry
gives specific examples and then explanations to those examples
and Its
such as the use of trigonometry that applies to astronomy,
Applications in
architecture, construction and game development. Knowing that
Real Life:
trigonometry applies to measure these fields of careers, it is
Mytutor.”
interesting for me to know how trigonometry actually applies to
Trigonometry and
those fields. It also mentioned how trigonometry can measure tall
Its Applications in
mountains and is said to be useful in many careers in this world.
Real Life
This indicates that the use of math, specifically trigonometry, is an
Comments, 22 Feb.
important factor to be applied in real life.
2023,
This website, my tutor, is known to be a well-established and a really
www.mytutor.co.u
reputable platform of learning and of giving information. They are
k/blog/parents/g
said to be the most highly rated in terms of owning their platform to
cse/trigonometry-
be told to the world.
and-applications-i
I can apply the information that I've gained from this website to
n-real-life/#:~:tex
consider the different applications of trigonometry in real life for my
t=Astronomers%2
IA. There are many examples as I have stated before such as
0use%20trigonom
astronomy, architecture and many other careers which I could use
etry%20to%20cal
as a continuous source later on for me to search on more. For
culate,launch%20
example if I choose astronomy from this article, I could use this
space%20shuttles
website to refer to searching on more for astronomy later on. This
%20and%20rocke
website will give me options or choices to have in doing my toolkit
ts.
later on as there are a lot of real life examples to think about.

Word Count : 250

9 Turito. In here, the article itself gives a quick definition on what exponential

“Exponential functions are, the difference of exponential decay and exponential

 Growth and growth, the formulas for exponential decay and growth, graphing

Decay: Graph, the functions, applications and word problems as well. This gives

Formula, me a thorough understanding it is complete with all of the formulas,

Examples.” US which are the same three different formulas used as the previous

Learn, 7 Nov. sources, mentioning where a or Po is the initial amount, b is the

2022, decay factor, e is Euler’s constant, r is the rate for exponential decay,

www.turito.com/l k is the constant of proportionality and t is the time that could be in

earn/math/expon years, days or even months. This site gives a step-by-step way of

ential-growth-and graphing an exponential growth or decay starting with using a table,

-decay. then plotting it one by one.

The article was made on March 24, 2022. It is mostly up to date and

The website, Turito has a rating of 4 which makes it credible enough

to be a good source for mathematics. The founder said that it is to be

made for high quality education that could be easily accessed by

students. It is also said that this website is usually reliable for

mathematical approaches or searches among students. They are

said to specialize students in their education including mathematics.

I could apply this in my IA for constructing the graphs step-by-step,

as I said in order to know all the needs in plotting the graph needed

in an exponential function. It is important that I know the basics of

constructing the graph of exponential functions and from here, I'd

know the exact steps on how to do so.

Word count : 275

10
“Japan This source gives out the latest data of population and showed

Population | through a chart the exponential decay of a population, which is

1950-2019 Data Japan. It also stated the years from before 2014 till 2022 or 2023 of
| 2020-2022 the population's data. They also said that in 2021, the amount of

Forecast | population in Japan will reach or is estimated to be 125.3 million.

Historical | Chart They also provide a comparison to other countries' population data

| News.” as well. Also, it gives a choice to see the data of population from

Tradingeconomic what year, for example over the 10 years, over the 25 years, over the

s.com, 50 years and the maximum possible data of population in the

tradingeconomic bureau of Japan.

s.com/japan/po The website itself is reliable as trading economics is said to give

pulation. accurate information for about 190 countries in total which includes

direct and precise data. They are credible and they tell us their

sources. The founder of the website holds an MBA in finance, in

addition to a degree in Economics.

I may be able to use this website for my IA to access the information

of population in 2021 and also the previous years for the research

data of my calculations. Although, this website may have it limits

due to no numbers of rate of population. If I were to use it in my IA,

I'd only have access to the amount of population gathered over the

years till now and not the actual decay rate that I could use to

contrast my calculations. The statistics would help me gain actual

and accurate data and compare it later on in my IA.

Word Count : 265