CHAPTER 16:

CELLULAR RESPIRATION
 16.1 TYPES OF RESPIRATION:
AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

(a) State the needs for energy and the role of respiration in
living organisms
(b) Describe aerobic and anaerobic respiration and the
requirement for such conditions
 CELLULAR RESPIRATION

DEFINITION:
A process occur in cells that breakdown
complex organic molecules into simple
molecules (catabolic reaction)

 To produce ATP
 Involves redox reaction
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
 NEEDS OF ENERGY
 Active transport
 Movement (muscle contraction)
 Reproduction and growth
 Excretion
 ROLES OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION
Main function:
• To produce energy required by living organism
• In the form of :
i) ATP
 To be used in performing work
 Instant source of energy for living
organisms
ii) Heat energy
 ROLES OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION
 Energy flows into
ecosystem as sunlight and
leaves as heat

 Photosynthesis generates
O2 and organic molecules,
which are used in cellular
respiration

 Cells use chemical energy

stored in organic
molecules to regenerate
ATP, which powers work.
 STRUCTURE OF ATP
(Adenosine Triphosphate)
 Nucleotide with unstable phosphate bond
 Consists of :
(i) Ribose sugar
(ii) Nitrogenous base, Adenine
(iii)Three phosphate groups
 STRUCTURE OF ATP
(Adenosine Triphosphate)
 Each phosphate bond:
• Contain high energy
• Especially the 3rd group
 STRUCTURE OF ATP
(Adenosine Triphosphate)
 ATP AS AN ENERGY
 When energy is needed, ATP will be hydrolyzed
• Hydrolysis of unstable bond between
phosphate releases energy
ATP + H2O ADP + Pi + energy
 Energy will be transferred to cell which required
energy
 ATP AS AN ENERGY
ATP can be resynthesized from an ADP
- Using energy released from cellular
respiration
- By reattach a phosphate group
- Through phosphorylation process
ADP + Pi + energy ATP + H2O
2 TYPES OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION

Aerobic
respiration Requires oxygen

Anaerobic
respiration Doesn't require oxygen
 AEROBIC RESPIRATION
 A complete oxidation of organic compound
(glucose)
 To produce carbon dioxide, water and ATP
 Occur in presence of oxygen

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

 Oxidation of glucose to CO2

 Reduction of oxygen to H2O
 ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
 Incomplete oxidation of organic compound
(glucose)
 Does not involve oxygen
 In plant,

C6H12O6 2 C2H5OH + 2CO2 + ATP

 Produce ethanol, CO2 and ATP

 In animal,
C6H12O6 2 CH3CH(OH)COOH+ ATP

 Produce lactic acid and ATP