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Meditations by Marcus Aurelius
Meditations by Marcus Aurelius
Meditations by Marcus Aurelius
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Everyman, I will go with thee, and be thy guide,
In thy most need to go by thy side .
This is No. 9 of Everyman's Library
EVERYMAN'S LIBRARY
CLASSICAL
THE
MEDITATIONS
MARCUS AURELIUS
C32
1906
C, 2
PAGE
INTRODUCTION ix
FIRST BOOK . I
SECOND Book 12
THIRD BOOK 18
FOURTH BOOK 27
FIFTH BOOK • 42
SIXTH BOOK 57
SEVENTH BOOK • 72
EIGHTH Book 88
NINTH BOOK • 104
TENTH BOOK • 119
ELEVENTH BOOK 136
TWELFTH Book . · 148
APPENDIX 1159
NOTES • • · 175
GLOSSARY • 179
vil
37615
3
INTRODUCTION
tah
In Logic, the Stoic system is noteworthy for their theory
ra
oul
as to the test of truth, the Criterion. They compared the
sa
new-born soul to a sheet of paper ready for writing. Upon
a
this the senses write their impressions (pavraolai), and by
experience of a number of these the soul unconsciously
conceives general notions (Koivat évvoiai) or anticipations
(προλήψεις). When the impression was such as to be
irresistible it was called καταληπτικὴ φαντασία, one that holds
fast, or as they explained it, one proceeding from truth.
Ideas and inferences artificially produced by deduction or
the like were tested by this ' holding perception .'
Of the Ethical application I have already spoken. The
highest good was the virtuous life. Virtue alone is happi-
ness, and vice is unhappiness. Carrying this theory to its
extreme, the Stoic said that there could be no gradations
between virtue and vice, though of course each has its
special manifestations. Moreover, nothing is good but
virtue, and nothing but vice is bad. Those outside things
which are commonly called good or bad, such as health
and sickness, wealth and poverty, pleasure and pain, are to
him indifferent (ádiápopa). All these things are merely
the sphere in which virtue may act. The ideal Wise Man
is sufficient unto himself in all things (avтαρкýs) ; and
knowing these truths, he will be happy even when stretched
upon the rack. It is probable that no Stoic claimed for
himself that he was this Wise Man, but that each strove
after it as an ideal much as the Christian strives after a
likeness to Christ. The exaggeration in this statement
xvi Introduction
1
Introduction xix
EXIB
1
MARCUS AURELIUS
ANTONINUS
concerning HIмself :
Wherein Antoninus recordeth, What and of whom, whether
Parents, Friends, or Masters ; by their good examples,
or good advice and counsel, he had learned :
Divided into Numbers or Sections.
say to thee after thou art dead ; but even to thee living,
what is thy praise ? But only for a secret and politic
consideration , which we call oikovouíav, or dispensation .
For as for that, that it is the gift of nature, whatsoever
is commended in thee, what might be objected from
thence, let that now that we are upon another considera-
tion be omitted as unseasonable. That which is fair
and goodly, whatsoever it be, and in what respect soever
it be, that it is fair and goodly, it is so of itself, and
terminates in itself, not admitting praise as a part or
member that therefore which is praised, is not thereby
made either better or worse. This I understand even
of those things, that are commonly called fair and good,
as those which are commended either for the matter
itself, or for curious workmanship. As for that which is
truly good, what can it stand in need of more than
either justice or truth ; or more than either kindness
and modesty ? Which of all those, either becomes good
or fair, because commended ; or dispraised suffers any
damage ? Doth the emerald become worse in itself, or
more vile if it be not commended ? Doth gold, or ivory,
or purple ? Is there anything that doth though never
so common, as a knife, a flower, or a tree?
XVI. If so be that the souls remain after death (sax
they that will not believe it) ; how is the air from all
eternity able to contain them ? How is the earth (say I )
ever from that time able to contain the bodies of them
that are buried ? For as here the change and resolution
of dead bodies into another kind of subsistence ( whatso-
ever it be ;) makes place for other dead bodies : so the
souls after death transferred into the air, after they have
conversed there a while, are either by way of transmuta-
tion, or transfusion, or conflagration , received again into
that original rational substance, from which all others
do proceed and so give way to those souls, who before
coupled and associated unto bodies, now begin to sub-
sist single. This, upon a supposition that the souls after
death do for a while subsist single, may be answered.
And here, (besides the number of bodies, so buried and
contained by the earth), we may further consider the
His Meditations versi33
Eonversi
number of several beasts, eaten by us men, and by other
creatures. For notwithstanding that such a multitude
of them is daily consumed , and as it were buried in the
bodies of the eaters, yet is the same plage and body able
to contain them, by reason of their conversion, partly
into blood, partly into air and fire. hat in these
things is the speculation of truth ? to divide things into
that which is passive and material ; and that which is
active and formal.
XVIII. Not to wander out of the way, but upon every
motion and desire, to perform that which is just and
ever to be careful to attain to the true natural apprehen-
sion of every fancy, that presents itself.
XIX . Whatsoever is expedient unto thee, O World, is
expedient unto me ; nothing can either be unseasonable
unto me, or out of date, which unto thee is seasonable.
Whatsoever thy seasons bear, shall ever by me be
esteemed as happy fruit, and increase. O Nature ! from
thee are all things, in thee all things subsist, and to thee
all tend. Could he say of Athens, Thou lovely city of
Cecrops ; and shalt not thou say of the world, Thou
lovely city of God ?
XX. They will say commonly, Meddle not with many
things, if thou wilt live cheerfully. Certainly there is
nothing better, than for a man to confine himself to
necessary actions ; to such and so many only, as reason
in a creature that knows itself born for society, will
command and enjoin. This will not only procure that
cheerfulness, which from the goodness, but that also ,
which from the paucity of actions doth usually proceed.
For since it is so , that most of those things, which we
either speak or do , are unnecessary ; if a man shall cut
them off, it must needs follow that he shall thereby gain
much leisure, and save much trouble, and therefore at
every action a man must privately by way of admonition
suggest unto himself, What ? may not this that now I
go about, be of the number of unnecessary actions ?
Neither must he use himself to cut off actions only, but
thoughts and imaginations also, that are unnecessary ;
34 Marcus Aurelius
did soon after drop away, and were resolved into the
elements. But especially thou must call to mind them ,
whom thou thyself in thy lifetime hast known much
distracted about vain things, and in the meantime
neglecting to do that, and closely and unseparably (as
fully satisfied with it) to adhere unto it, which their
own proper constitution did require. And here thou
must remember, that thy carriage in every business must
be according to the worth and due proportion of it,
for so shalt thou not easily be tired out and vexed, if
thou shalt not dwell upon small matters longer than is
fitting.
XXVIII. Those words which once were common and
ordinary, are now become obscure and obsolete ; and so
the names of men once commonly known and famous,
are now become in a manner obscure and obsolete
names. Camillus, Cæso, Volesius, Leonnatus ; not
long after, Scipio, Cato, then Augustus, then Adrianus
then Antoninus Pius : all these in a short time will be
out of date, and, as things of another world as it were,
become fabulous. And this I say of them, who once
shined as the wonders of their ages, for as for the rest,
no sooner are they expired, than with them all their
fame and memory. And what is it then that shall
always be remembered ? all is vanity. What is it that
we must bestow our care and diligence upon ? even upon
this only that our minds and wills be just ; that our
actions be charitable ; that our speech be never deceit-
ful, or that our understanding be not subject to error ;
that our inclination be always set to embrace whatsoever
shall happen unto us, as necessary, as usual, as ordinary,
as flowing from such a beginning, and such a fountain,
from which both thou thyselfand all things are. Willingly
therefore, and wholly surrender up thyself unto that fatal
concatenation, yielding up thyself unto the fates, to be
disposed of at their pleasure.
XXIX. Whatsoever is now present, and from day to
day hath its existence ; all objects of memories, and the
minds and memories themselves, incessantly consider,
all things that are, have their being by change and
His Meditations 37
alteration. Use thyself therefore often to meditate upon
this, that the nature of the universe delights in nothing
more, than in altering those things that are, and in
making others like unto them. So that we may say,
that whatsoever is, is but as it were the seed of that
which shall be. For if thou think that that only is seed,
which either the earth or the womb receiveth, thou art
very simple
XXX . (Thou art now ready to die, and yet hast thou
not attained to that perfect simplicity : thou art yet
subject to many troubles and perturbations ; not yet
free from all fear and suspicion of external accidents ;
nor yet either so meekly disposed towards all men, as
thou shouldest ; or so affected as one, whose only study
and only wisdom is, to be just in all his actions.
XXXI. Behold and observe, what is the state of their
rational part ; and those that the world doth account
wise, see what things they fly and are afraid of ; and
what things they hunt after.
XXXII. In another man's mind and understanding
thy evil cannot subsist, nor in any proper temper or
distemper of the natural constitution of thy body, which
is but as it were the coat or cottage of thy soul.
Wherein then, but in that part of thee, wherein the
conceit, and apprehension of any misery can subsist ?
Let not that part therefore admit any such conceit,
and then all is well. Though thy body which is so near
it should either be cut or burnt, or suffer any corruption
or putrefaction, yet let that part to which it belongs to
judge of these, be still at rest ; that is, let her judge this,
that whatsoever it is, that equally may happen to a
wicked man, and to a good man, is neither good nor
evil. For that which happens equally to him that lives
according to nature, and to him that doth not, is neither
according to nature, nor against it ; and by consequent,
neither good nor bad.
XXXIII. Ever consider and think upon the world as
being but one living substance, and having but one soul,
and how all things in the world, are terminated into one
sensitive power ; and are done by one general motion
38 Marcus Aurelius
cor Sear
remedy agen
ofdeath
His Meditations 41
Lepidus, or any other who in their lifetime having buried
mány, were at the last buried themselves. The whole
space of any man's life, is but little ; and as little as it is,
with what troubles, with what manner of dispositions,
and in the society of how wretched a body must it be
passed ! Let it be therefore unto thee altogether as a
matter of indifferency. For if thou shalt look backward ;
behold, what an infinite chaos of time doth present itself
unto thee ; and as infinite a chaos, if thou shalt look
forward. In that which is so infinite, what difference
can there be between that which liveth but three days,
and that which liveth three ages ?
XLIII. Let thy course ever be the most compendious
way. The most compendious, is that which is accord-
ing to nature : that is, in all both words and deeds, ever
to follow that which is most sound and perfect. For
such a resolution will free a man from all trouble, strife,
dissembling, and ostentation
RUTGERS UNIVERSITY
The State University of New Jersey
Newark Colleges Library
,
42 Marcus Aurelius
XIX. That which doth not hurt the city itself, cannot
hurt any citizen. This rule thou must remember to
apply and make use of upon every conceit and appre-
hension of wrong. If the whole city be not hurt by this,
neither am I certainly. And if the whole be not, why
should I make it my private grievance ? consider rather
what it is wherein he is overseen that is thought to have
done the wrong. Again, often meditate how swiftly all
things that subsist, and all things that are done in the
world, are carried away, and as it were conveyed out of
A sight for both the substance themselves, we see as a
flood, are in a continual flux ; and all actions in a per-
petual change ; and the causes themselves, subject to a
thousand alterations, neither is there anything almost,
that may ever be said to be now settled and constant.
Next unto this, and which follows upon it, consider both
the infiniteness of the time already past, and the immense
vastness of that which is to come, wherein all things are
to be resolved and annihilated. Art not thou then a
very fool, who for these things, art either puffed up with
pride, or distracted with cares, or canst find in thy heart
to make such moans as for a thing that would trouble
thee for a very long time ? Consider the whole universe,
whereof thou art but a very little part, and the whole
age of the world together, whereof but a short and very
.momentary portion is allotted unto thee, and all the
fates and destinies together, of which how much is it
that comes to thy part and share ! Again : another
doth trespass against me. Let him look to that. He
is master of his own disposition, and of his own opera-
tion. I for my part am in the meantime in possession
of as much, as the common nature would have me to
possess and that which mine own nature would have
me do, I do.
XX. Let not that chief commanding part of thy soul
be ever subject to any variation through any corporal
either pain or pleasure, neither suffer it to be mixed with
these, but let it both circumscribe itself, and confine
those affections to their own proper parts and members.
But if at any time they do reflect and rebound upon the
His Meditations 53
mind and understanding (as in an united and compacted
body it must needs ;) then must thou not go about to
resist sense and feeling, it being natural. However let
not thy understanding to this natural sense and feeling,
which whether unto our flesh pleasant or painful, is unto
us nothing properly, add an opinion of either good or
bad and all is well.
XXI. To live with the Gods. He liveth with the
Gods, who at all times affords unto them the spectacle
of a soul, both contented and well pleased with whatso-
ever is afforded, or allotted unto her ; and performing
whatsoever is pleasing to that Spirit, whom (being part
of himself) Jove hath appointed to every man as his
overseer and governor.
XXII. Be not angry neither with him whose breath,
neither with him whose arm holes, are offensive. What
can he do ? such is his breath naturally, and such are
his arm holes ; and from such, such an effect, and such
·
a smell must of necessity proceed. O, but the man
(sayest thou) hath understanding in him, and might of
himself know, that he by standing near, cannot choose
but offend.' And thou also (God bless thee !) hast
understanding. Let thy reasonable faculty, work upon
his reasonable faculty ; show him his fault, admonish
him. If he hearken unto thee, thou hast cured him,
and there will be no more occasion of anger.
XXIII. ' Where there shall neither roarer be, nor
harlot.' Why so ? As thou dost purpose to live, when
thou hast retired thyself to some such place, where
neither roarer nor harlot is : so mayest thou here. And
if they will not suffer thee, then mayest thou leave thy
life rather than thy calling, but so as one that doth not
think himself anyways wronged. Only as one would say,
Here is a smoke ; I will out of it. And what a great
matter is this ! Now till some such thing force me out,
I will continue free ; neither shall any man hinder me
to do what I will, and my will shall ever be by the
proper nature of a reasonable and sociable creature,
regulated and directed.
XXIV. That rational essence by which the universe is
54 Marcus Aurelius
us. For it is that which every art doth aim at, that
whatsoever it is, that is by art effected and prepared,
may be fit for that work that it is prepared for. This is
the end that he that dresseth the vine, and he that takes
upon him either to tame colts, or to train up dogs, doth
aim at. What else doth the education of children , and
all learned professions tend unto ? Certainly then it is
that, which should be dear unto us also. If in this
particular it go well with thee, care not for the obtaining
of other things. But is it so, that thou canst not but
respect other things also ? Then canst not thou truly
be free ? then canst thou not have self-content : then
wilt thou ever be subject to passions . For it is not
possible, but that thou must be envious, and jealous, and
suspicious of them whom thou knowest can bereave
thee of such things ; and again, a secret underminer of
them , whom thou seest in present possession of that
which is dear unto thee. To be short, he must of
necessity be full of confusion within himself, and often
accuse the Gods, whosoever stands in need of these
things. But if thou shalt honour and respect thy mind
only, that will make thee acceptable towards thyself,
towards thy friends very tractable ; and conformable and
concordant with the Gods ; that is, accepting with praises
whatsoever they shall think good to appoint and allot
unto thee.
XVI. Under, above, and about, are the motions of
the elements ; but the motion of virtue , is none of those
motions, but is somewhat more excellent and divine.
Whose way (to speed and prosper in it) must be through
a way, that is not easily comprehended.
XVII. Who can choose but wonder at them ? They
will not speak well of them that are at the same time
with them, and live with them ; yet they themselves are
very ambitious, that they that shall follow, whom they
have never seen, nor shall ever see, should speak well
of them . As if a man should grieve that he hath not
been commended by them, that lived before him.
XVIII. Do not ever conceive anything impossible to
man, which by thee cannot, or not without much difficulty
62 Marcus Aurelius
they all differ one from another, and have their several
charges and functions by themselves, do they not all
nevertheless concur and co-operate to one end ?
XXXIX . If so be that the Gods have deliberated in
particular of those things that should happen unto me,
I must stand to their deliberation, as discrete and wise.
For that a God should be an imprudent God, is a thing
hard even to conceive : and why should they resolve to
do me hurt ? for what profit either unto them or the
universe (which they specially take care for) could arise
from it ? But if so be that they have not deliberated of
me in particular, certainly they have of the whole in
general, and those things which in consequence and
coherence of this general deliberation happen unto me
in particular, I am bound to embrace and accept of.
But if so be that they have not deliberated at all (which
indeed is very irreligious for any man to believe : for
then let us neither sacrifice, nor pray, nor respect our
oaths, neither let us any more use any of those things,
which we persuaded of the presence and secret conversa-
tion of the Gods among us, daily use and practise :) but,
I say, if so be that they have not indeed either in general,
or particular deliberated of any of those things, that
happen unto us in this world ; yet God be thanked, that
of those things that concern myself, it is lawful for me
to deliberate myself, and all my deliberation is but con-
cerning that which may be to me most profitable . Now
that unto every one is most profitable, which is accord-
ing to his own constitution and nature. And my nature
is, to be rational in all my actions and as a good, and
natural member of a city and commonwealth, towards
my fellow members ever to be sociably and kindly dis-
posed and affected. My city and country as I am
Antoninus, is Rome ; as a man, the whole world. Those
things therefore that are expedient and profitable to
those cities, are the only things that are good and ex-
pedient for me.
XL. Whatsoever in any kind doth happen to any one,
is expedient to the whole. And thus much to content
us might suffice, that it is expedient for the whole in
His Meditations 69
truly evil and hurtful unto man, but that which causeth
the contrary effects.
II. Upon every action that thou art about, put this
question to thyself; How will this when it is done agree
with me ? Shall I have no occasion to repent of it ?
Yet a very little while and I am dead and gone ; and all
things are at end. What then do I care for more
than this, that my present action whatsoever it be, may
be the proper action of one that is reasonable ; whose
end is, the common good ; who in all things is ruled
and governed by the same law of right and reason, by
which God Himself is .
III. Alexander, Caius, Pompeius ; what are these to
Diogenes, Heraclitus, and Socrates ? These penetrated
into the true nature of things ; into all causes, and all
subjects and upon these did they exercise their power
and authority. But as for those, as the extent of their
error was, so far did their slavery extend.
IV. What they have done, they will still do, although
thou shouldst hang thyself. First ; let it not trouble
thee. For all things both good and evil : come to pass
according to the nature and general condition of the
universe, and within a very little while, all things will
be at an end ; no man will be remembered : as now of
Africanus (for example) and Augustus it is already come
to pass. Then secondly ; fix thy mind upon the thing
itself ; look into it, and remembering thyself, that thou
art bound nevertheless to be a good man, and what it is
that thy nature requireth of thee as thou art a man, be
not diverted from what thou art about, and speak that
which seemeth unto thee most just only speak it kindly,
modestly, and without hypocrisy.
V. That which the nature of the universe doth busy
herself about, is ; that which is here, to transfer it
thither, to change it, and thence again to take it away,
and to carry it to another place. So that thou needest
not fear any new thing. For all things are usual and
ordinary ; and all things are disposed by equality.
VI. Every particular nature hath content, when in its
own proper course it speeds. A reasonable nature doth
H9
90 Marcus Aurelius
the worse for it, thou mayest proceed . Next then thou
must examine, what thy nature as thou art a living sen-
sible creature, doth require. And that, whatsoever it
be, thou mayest admit of and do it, if thy nature as thou
art a reasonable living creature, will not be the worse
for it. Now whatsoever is reasonable, is also sociable.
Keep thyself to these rules, and trouble not thyself about
idle things .
III. Whatsoever doth happen unto thee, thou art
naturally by thy natural constitution either able, or not
able to bear. If thou beest able, be not offended, but
bear it according to thy natural constitution, or as
nature hath enabled thee. If thou beest not able, be
not offended. For it will soon make an end of thee,
and itself, (whatsoever it be) at the same time end with
thee. But remember, that whatsoever by the strength
of opinion, grounded upon a certain apprehension of
both true profit and duty, thou canst conceive toler-
able ; that thou art able to bear that by thy natural
constitution.
IV. Him that offends, to teach with love and meek-
ness, and to show him his error. But ifthou canst not,
then to blame thyself, or rather not thyself neither, if thy
will and endeavours have not been wanting.
беле V. Whatsoever it be that happens unto thee, it is
s that which from all time was appointed unto thee. For
by the same coherence of causes, by which thy sub-
free stance from all eternity was appointed to be, was also
will whatsoever should happen unto it, destinated and ap-
pointed.
VI. Either with Epicurus, we must fondly imagine the
atoms to be the cause of all things, or we must needs
grant a nature. Let this then be thy first ground, that
thou art part of that universe, which is governed by
nature. Then secondly, that to those parts that are of
the same kind and nature as thou art, thou hast relation
of kindred. For of these, if I shall always be mindful,
first as I am a part, I shall never be displeased with
anything, that falls to my particular share of the common
chances of the world. For nothing that is behoveful
His Meditations 121
that they are born with us, and naturally sticking unto us.
But otherwise, without the inward cause that hath power
to move them, and to restrain them, those parts are of
themselves of no more use unto us, than the shuttle is of
itself to the weaver, or the pen to the writer, or the whip
to the coachman .
135 Marcus Aurelius
CORRESPONDENCE OF M. AURELIUS
ANTONINUS AND M. CORNELIUS
FRONTO¹
' TO MY MASTER.¹
' This is how I have past the last few days. My sister
was suddenly seized with an internal pain, so violent that I
was horrified at her looks ; my mother in her trepidation on
that account accidentally bruised her side on a corner ofthe
wall ; she and we were greatly troubled about that blow.
For myself, on going to rest I found a scorpion in my bed ;
but I did not lie down upon him, I killed him first. If you
are getting on better, that is a consolation. My mother is
easier now, thanks be to God. Good-bye, best and sweetest
master. My lady sends you greeting.'
2What words can I find to fit my bad luck, or how
shall I upbraid as it deserves the hard constraint which is
laid upon me ? It ties me fast here, troubled my heart is,
and beset by such anxiety ; nor does it allow me to make
haste to my Fronto, my life and delight, to be near him at
such a moment of ill-health in particular, to hold his hands,
to chafe gently that identical foot, so far as may be done
without discomfort, to attend him in the bath, to support
his steps with my arm .'
3 'This morning I did not write to you, because I heard
you were better, and because I was myself engaged in other
business, and I cannot ever endure to write anything to you
unless with mind at ease and untroubled and free. So if
we are all right, let me know what I desire, you know,
and how properly I desire it, I know. Farewell, my master,
always in every chance first in my mind, as you deserve to
be. My master, see I am not asleep, and I compel myself
to sleep, that you may not be angry with me. You gather
I am writing this late at night.'
¹ Ad M. Cæs., v. 8. 2 i. 2. iii . 21.
164 Appendix
1 'What spirit do you suppose is in me, when I remember
how long it is since I have seen you, and why I have not
seen you ! and it may be I shall not see you for a few days
yet, while you are strengthening yourself, as you must. So
while you lie on the sick-bed, my spirit also will lie low ;
and, whenas,2 by God's mercy you shall stand upright, my
spirit too will stand firm, which is now burning with the
strongest desire for you. Farewell, soul of your prince, your
friend, your pupil.'
' 'O my dear Fronto, most distinguished Consul ! I yield,
you have conquered : all who have ever loved_before, you
have conquered out and out in love's contest. Receive the
victor's wreath ; and the herald shall proclaim your victory
aloud before your own tribunal : " M. Cornelius Fronto,
Consul, wins, and is crowned victor in the Open Inter-
national Love-race." 4 But beaten though I may be, I shall
neither slacken nor relax my own zeal. Well, you shall
love me more than any man loves any other man ; but I,
who possess a faculty of loving less strong, shall love you
more than any one else loves you ; more indeed than you
love yourself. Gratia and I will have to fight for it ; I
doubt I shall not get the better of her. For, as Plautus says,
her love is like rain, whose big drops not only penetrate the
dress, but drench to the very marrow.'
'TO MY MASTER.
'I have a serious grievance against you, my dear master,
yet indeed my grief is more than my grievance, because
after so long a time I neither embraced you nor spoke to
you, though you visited the palace, and the moment after I
had left the prince my brother. I reproached my brother
severely for not recalling me ; nor durst he deny the fault. '
Fronto again writes on one occasion : ' I have seen
your daughter. It was like seeing you and Faustina in
infancy, so much that is charming her face has taken
from each of yours. ' Or again, at a later date : 2—
' I have seen your chicks, most delightful sight that ever
I saw in my life, so like you that nothing is more like than
the likeness. · • By the mercy of Heaven they have a
healthy colour and strong lungs. One held a piece of white
bread, like a little prince, the other a common piece, like a
true philosopher's son.'
Marcus, we know, was devoted to his children . They
were delicate in health, in spite of Fronto's assurance,
and only one son survived the father. We find echoes
1 Ad Verum. Imp. Aur. Cæs., i. 3.
• Ad Ant. Imp., i. 3.
Appendix 173
BOOK I
p. 1 . "Both to frequent " (4). Gr. 7o uh, C. conjectures To μè.
The text is probably right : “ I did not frequent public
lectures, and I was taught at home."
p. 3. Idiots. ' philosophers (9). The reading is doubtful,
but the meaning seems to be : " simple and unlearned
men."
175
176 Notes
BOOK II
p. 12. " Do, soul " (6). If the received reading be right, it
must be sarcastic ; but there are several variants which
show how unsatisfactory it is. C. translates “ eû yàp d
βιός ἑκάστῳ sc. παρ ἑαυτῷ,” which I do not understand.
The sense required is : " Do not violence to thyself, for
thou hast not long to use self-respect. Life is not
(v. 1. ov) < long > for each, and this life for thee is all
but done."
p. 15. "Honour and credit do proceed " (12). The verb has
dropt out of the text, but C. has supplied one of the
required meaning.
p. 15. " Consider," etc. ( 12). This verb is not in the Greek,
which means : "(And reason also shows) how man,
etc."
BOOK IV
P. 31. "Agathos " ( 18) : This is probably not a proper name, but
the text seems to be unsound. The meaning may be
"the good man ought .
p. 32. olkovoμlav ( 16) is a " practical benefit," a secondary end.
p. 39. " For herein lieth all ” (43). C. translates his conjecture
ὅλον for ὅλα.
BOOK V
p. 49. Kaтopowσels ( 15) : Acts of " rightness'" or " straightness."
P. 53. " Roarer " (28) : Gr. ".'tragedian. " Ed. I has " whore-
monger," ed. 2 corrects to " harlot, " but omits to alter
the word at its second occurrence.
Notes 177
P. 54. " Thou hast · them " (33) : A quotation from Homer,
Odyssey, iv. 690.
p. 55. " One of the poets " (33) : Hesiod, Op. et Dies, 197.
pp. 55-56. §§ xxix. and xxx. (36). The Greek appears to contain
quotations from sources not known, and the translation
is a paraphrase. (One or two alterations are here made
on the authority of the second edition.)
BOOK VI
"" Affected and qualified
p. 59. " ( 14) : is, the power of cohesion
shown in things inanimate ; púois, power of growth seen
in plants and the like.
p. 61. " Wonder at them " ( 18) : i.e. mankind.
p. 67. " Chrysippus " (42) : C. refers to a passage of Plutarch
De Communibus Notitiis (c. xiv. ) , where Chrysippus is
represented as saying that a coarse phrase may be vile
in itself, yet have due place in a comedy as contributing
to a certain effect.
p. 69. " Man or men • ." (45). There is no hiatus in the I
Greek, which means : " Whatever (is beneficial) for a
man is so for other men also. "
p. 69. § xlii. There is no hiatus in the Greek.
BOOK VII
p. 74. § ix. (11). C. translates his conjecture un for . The
Greek means 44 straight, or rectified , " with a play on
the literal and metaphorical meaning of ὀρθός.
Ρ. 76. εὐδαιμονία contains the word δαίμων in composition .
p. 79. " Plato " (35) : Republic, vi. p. 486 A.
§ xxii. (31 ). The text is corrupt, but the words " or if it be
but few " should be " that is little enough."
p. 80. "It will," etc. (38) : Euripides, Bellerophon, frag. 287
(Nauck).
" Lives," etc. (40) : Euripides, Hypsipyle, frag. 757 (Nauck).
" As long," etc. (42) : Aristophanes, Acharna, 661 .
" Plato " (44) Apology, p. 28 B.
" For thus" (45 ) : Apology, p. 28 E.
p. 80. " But, O noble sir," etc. (46) : Plato, Gorgias, 512 D.
p. 81. " And as for those parts," etc. (50). A quotation from
Euripides, Chrysippus, frag. 839 ( Nauck).
"With meats," etc. (51 ) : From Euripides, Supplices, 1110.
p. 84. § xxxiii. (63 ) : " They both," i.e. life and wrestling.
Says he (63) Plato, quoted by Epictetus, Arr. i. 28,
2 and 22.
p. 85. " How know we," etc. (66). The Greek means : " How
know we whether Telauges were not nobler in character
than Sophocles ? " The allusion is unknown .
178 Notes
p. 85. " Frost " (66) : The word is written by Casaubon as a
proper name, " Pagus."
"The hardihood of Socrates was famous " ; see Plato,
Symposium, p. 220.
BOOK X
p. 127. § xxii. (24) : The Greek means, " paltry breath bearing
up corpses, so that the tale of Dead Man's Land is
clearer."
p. 127. "The poet " (21 ) : Euripides, frag. 898 (Nauck) ; compare
Aeschylus, Danaides, frag. 44.
p. 128. "Plato" (23) : Theaetetus, p. 174 D.
P. 132. "The poet" (34) : Homer, Iliad, vi. 147.
P. 133. " Wood": A translation of λn, " matter."
p. 134. " Rhetoric " (38) : Rather " the gift of speech " ; or perhaps
the "decree " of the reasoning faculty.
BOOK XI
This Glossary includes all proper names (excepting afew which are
insignificant or unknown), and all obsolete or obscure words.
ADRIANUS, or Hadrian (76–138 Brutus (1 ) the liberator of the
A.D.), 14th Roman Emperor. Roman people from their kings,
Agrippa, M. Vipsanius (63-12 and (2) the murderer of Cæsar.
B.C.), a distinguished soldier Both names were household
under Augustus . words.
Alexander the Great, King of
Macedonia, and Conqueror of CÆSAR, C. Julius, the Dictator
the East, 356-323 B.C. and Conqueror.
Antisthenes of Athens, founder of Caieta, a town in Latium.
the sect of Cynic philosophers, Camillus, a famous dictator in
and an opponent of Plato, 5th the early days of the Roman
century B.C. Republic.
Antoninus Pius, 15th Roman Em- Carnuntum, a town onthe Danube
peror, 138-161 A.D. , " one ofthe in Upper Pannonia.
best princes that ever mounted Cato, called of Utica, a Stoic who
a throne. " died by his own hand after the
Apathia : the Stoic ideal was battle of Thapsus, 46 B.C. His
calmness in all circumstance name was proverbial for virtue
an insensibility to pain, and and courage.
absence of all exultation at, Cautelous, cautious.
pleasure or good fortune. Cecrops, first legendary King of
Apelles, a famous painter of an- Athens.
tiquity. Charax, perhaps the priestly his-
Apollonius of Alexandria, called torian of that name, whose date
Dyscolus, or the " ill-tempered, " is unknown, except that it must
a great grammarian. be later than Nero.
Aposteme, tumour, excrescence. Chirurgeon , surgeon.
Archimedes of Syracuse, 287-212 Chrysippus, 280-207 B.C. , a Stoic
B.C., the most famous mathe- philosopher, and the founder of
matician of antiquity. Stoicism as a systematic philo-
Athos, a mountain promontory at sophy.
the N. of the Ægean Sea. Circus, the Circus Maximus at
Augustus , first Roman Emperor Rome, where games were held.
(ruled 31 B.C. -14 A.D.). There were four companies who
Avoid , void. contracted to provide horses,
drivers, etc. These were called
BACCHIUS : there were several Factiones, and each had its dis-
persons of this name, and the tinguishing colour : russata
one meant is perhaps the (red), albata (white), veneta
musician. (blue), prasina (green). There
179
180 Glossary
was high rivalry between them, who first laid down that there
and riots and bloodshed not were " four elements." He be-
infrequently. lieved in the transmigration of
Cithaeron, a mountain range N. souls, and the indestructibility
of Attica. of matter.
Comedy, ancient ; a term applied Epictetus, a famous Stoic philo-
to the Attic comedy of Aris- sopher. He was of Phrygia, at
tophanes and his time, which first a slave, then freedman,
criticised persons and politics, lame, poor, and contented.
like a modern comic journal, The work called Encheiridion
such as Punch. See New was compiled by a pupil from
Comedy. his discourses.
Compendious, short. Epicureans, a sect of philosophers
Conceit , opinion. founded by Epicurus, who
Contentation , contentment. "combined the physics of De-
Crates, a Cynic philosopher of the mocritus,"i.e. the atomic theory,
4th century B.C. " with the ethics of Aristippus.""
Croesus, King of Lydia, prover. They proposed to live for happi-
bial for wealth ; he reigned ness, but the word did not bear
560-546 B.C. that coarse and vulgar sense
Cynics, a school of philosophers, originally which it soon took.
founded by Antisthenes. Their Epicurus of Samos, 342-270 B.C.
texts were a kind of caricature Lived at Athens in his " gar-
of Socraticism. Nothing was dens," an urbane and kindly,
good but virtue, nothing bad if somewhat useless, life. His
but vice. The Cynics repudi- character was simple and tem-
ated all civil and social claims, perate, and had none of the
and attempted to return to vice or indulgence which was
what they called a state of afterwards associated with the
nature. Many of them were name of Epicurean.
very disgusting in their manners. Eudoxus of Cnidus, a famous as-
tronomer and physician of the
DEMETRIUS of Phalerum , an 4th century B.C.
Athenian orator, statesman,
philosopher, and poet. Born FATAL, fated.
345 B.C. Fortuit, chance (adj.).
Democritus of Abdera (460-361 Fronto, M. Cornelius, a rhetori-
B.C. ), celebrated as the " laugh- cian and pleader, made consul
ing philosopher," whose con- in 143 A.D. A number of his
stant thought was " What fools letters to M. Aur. and others
these mortals be." He in- are extant.
vented the Atomic Theory.
Dio of Syracuse, a disciple of GRANUA, a tributary of the
Plato, and afterwards tyrant of Danube.
Syracuse. Murdered 353 B.C.
Diogenes, the Cynic, born about HELICE, ancient capital city of
412 B.C. , renowned for his rude- Achaia, swallowed up by an
ness and hardihood. earthquake, 373 B.C.
Diognetus, a painter. Helvidius Priscus, son-in-law of
Dispense with, put up with. Thrasea Pætus, a noble man
Dogmata, pithy sayings, or philo- and a lover of liberty. He was
sophical rules of life. banished by Nero, and put to
death by Vespasian.
EMPEDOCLES of Agrigentum, fl. Heraclitus of Ephesus, who lived
5th century B.C. , a philosopher, in the 6th century B.C. He
Glossary 181
wrote on philosophyand natural was Apollo, one of whose titles
science. is Musegetes, the Leader of the
Herculaneum, near Mount Vesu- Muses.
vius, buried by the eruption of
79 A.D. NERVES, strings.
Hercules, p. 167, should be New Comedy, the Attic Comedy
Apollo. See Muses. of Menander and his school,
Hiatus , gap. which criticised not persons but
Hipparchus of Bithynia, an astro- manners, like a modern comic
nomer of the 2nd century B. C.", opera. See Comedy, Ancient.
"Thetrue father ofastronomy."
Hippocrates of Cos, about 460-357 PALESTRA, wrestling school.
B.C. One of the most famous Pancratiast, competitor in the
physicians of antiquity. pancratium, a combined contest
which comprised boxing and
IDIOT, means merely the non-pro- wrestling.
ficient in anything, the "'lay- Parmularii, gladiators armed with
man," he who was not techni- a small round shield (parma).
cally trained in any art, craft, Pheidias, the most famous sculp-
or calling. tor of antiquity.
LEONNATUS, a distinguished Philippus, founder of the Mace-
donian supremacy, and father
general under Alexander the of Alexander the Great.
Great. Phocion , an Athenian general and
Lucilla, daughter of M. Aurelius, statesman, a noble and high-
and wife of Verus, whom she minded man, 4th century B.C.
survived. He was called by Demosthenes,
"the pruner of my periods. '
MAECENAS, a trusted adviser of He was put to death by the
Augustus , and a munificent State in 317, on a false suspicion,
patron of wits and literary men. and left a message for his son
Maximus , Claudius, a Stoic philo- "to bear no grudge against the
sopher. Athenians."
Menippus, a Cynic philosopher. Pine, torment.
Meteores, τὰ μετεωρολογικά, Plato ofAthens, 429-347 B.C. He
" high philosophy," used spe- used the dialectic method in-
cially of astronomy and natural vented by his master Socrates.
philosophy, which were bound He was, perhaps, as much poet
up with other speculations. as philosopher. He is generally
Middle Comedy, something identified with the Theory of
" midway" between the Old and Ideas, that things are what they
New Comedy. See Comedy, are by participation with our
Ancient, and New Comedy. eternal " Idea. His " Common-
Middle things, p. 80. The Stoics wealth was a kind of Utopia.
divided all things into virtue, Platonics, followers of Plato.
vice, and indifferent things ; but Pompeii, near Mount Vesuvius,
as 44indifferent " they regarded buried in the eruption of 79 A.D.
most of those things which the Pompeius, Cn. Pompeius Magnus,
world regards as good or bad, a very successful general at the
such as wealth or poverty. Of end of the Roman Republic
these, some "were " to be de- (106-48 B.C. ).
sired," some to be rejected." Prestidigitator, juggler.
Muses, the nine deities who pre- Pythagoras of Samos, a philo-
2 sided over various kinds of sopher, scientist, and moralist
pcesy, music, etc. Their leader of the 6th century B.C.
182 Glossary
QUADI, a tribe of S. Germany. Stint, limit (without implying nig.
M. Aurelius carried on war gardliness).
against them, and part of this Stoics, a philosophic system foun-
book was written in the field. ded,by Zeno (4th century B.C. ),
and systematised by Chrysippus
RICTUS, gape, jaws. (3rd century B.C. ). Their phy-
Rusticus, Q. Junius, or Stoic sical theory was a pantheistic
philosopher, twice made consul materialism , their summum
by M. Aurelius. bonum "to live according to
nature. Their "wise man
SACRARY, shrine. needs nothing, he is sufficient
Salaminius, p. 85, Leon of Sala- to himself; virtue is good, vice
mis. Socrates was ordered by bad, external things indifferent.
the Thirty Tyrants to fetch him
before them, and Socrates, at THEOPHRASTUS, a philosopher,
his own peril, refused. pupil of Aristotle, and his suc-
Sarmatae, a tribe dwelling in cessor as president of the
Poland. Lyceum. He wrote a large
Sceletum , skeleton. number of works on philosophy
Sceptics, a school of philosophy and natural history. Died 287
founded by Pyrrho (4th century B.C.
B.C.). He advocated " suspen- Thrasea, P. Thrasea Pætus, a
sion of judgment," and taught senator and Stoic philosopher,
the relativity of knowledge and a noble and courageous man.
impossibility of proof. The He was condemned to death by
school is not unlike the Agnostic Nero.
school. Tiberius, 2nd Roman Emperor
Scipio, the name oftwo great sol- (14-31 A.D.). He spent the
diers, P. Corn. Scipio Africanus, latter part of his life at Capreae
conqueror of Hannibal, and P. (Capri), off Naples, in luxury
Corn. Sc. Afr. Minor, who came or debauchery, neglecting his
into the family by adoption, imperial duties.
who destroyed Carthage. To-torn, torn to pieces.
Secutoriani (a word coined by C. ), Trajan, 13th Roman Emperor,
the secutores, light-armed gladi- 52-117 A.D.
ators, who were pitted against
others with net and trident. VERUS, Lucius Aurelius, colleague
Sextus ofChaeronea, a Stoic philo- of M. Aurelius in the Empire.
sopher, nephew of Plutarch. He married Lucilla, daughter
Silly, simple, common. of M. A., and died 169 A.D.
Sinuessa, a town in Latium. Vespasian, 9th Roman Emperor
Socrates, an Athenian philosopher (9-79 A.D.).
(469-399 B.C.), founder of the
dialectic method. Put to death XENOCRATES of Chalcedon, 396-
on a trumped-up charge by his 314 B.C., a philosopher, and
countrymen. president ofthe Academy.
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Dana's (Richard H.) Two Years before the Mast. 588
Daudet's Tartarin of Tarascon and Tartarin of the Alps. 423
Defoe's Fortunes and Misfortunes of Moll Flanders. Intro. by G. A. Aitken
D Captain Singleton. Introduction by Edward Garnett. 74 [837
Journal of the Plague Year. Introduction by G. A. Aitken. 289
1 Memoirs of a Cavalier. Introduction by G. A. Aitken. 283
(See also FOR YOUNG PEOPLE)
CHARLES DICKENS' WORKS. Each volume with an Intro. by G. K. Chesterton.
American Notes. 290 Dombey and Son. 240
Barnaby Rudge. 76 Edwin Drood. 725
Bleak House. 236 Great Expectations. 231
Child's History of England. 291 Hard Times. 292
Christmas Books. 239 Little Dorrit. 293
Christmas Stories. 414 Martin Chuzzlewit. 241
David Copperfield. 242 Nicholas Nickleby. 238
5
EVERYMAN'S LIBRARY • CLASSIFIED LIST
FICTION- continued
CHARLES DICKENS' WORKS continued
Old Curiosity Shop. 173 Reprinted Pieces. 744
Oliver Twist. 233 Sketches by Boz. 237
Our Mutual Friend. 294 Tale of Two Cities. 102
Pickwick Papers. 235 Uncommercial Traveller. 536
Disraeli's Coningsby. Introduction by Langdon Davies. 535
Dostoevksy's (Fyodor) Crime and Punishment. Introduction by
Laurence Irving. 501
" " Letters from the Underworld and Other Tales.
Translated by C. J. Hogarth. 654
" Poor Folk and the Gambler. Translated by C. J.
Hogarth. 711
" The Possessed. Introduction by J. Middleton
Murry. 2 vols. 861-2
" The House of the Dead, or Prison Life in Siberia.
Introduction by Madame Stepniak. 533
"9 The Brothers Karamazov. Translated by Con-
stance Garnett. 2 vols. 802-3
The Idiot. 682
Du Maurier's (George) Trilby. Introduction by Sir Gerald du Maurier.
With the original illustrations. 863
Dumas' Black Tulip. Introduction by Ernest Rhys. 174
" Chicot the Jester. 421
" Le Chevalier de Maison Rouge. Intro. by Julius Bramont. 614 .
20 Marguerite de Valois ('La Reine Margot') . 326
" The Count of Monte Cristo. 2 vols. 393-4
" The Forty-Five. 420
99 The Three Musketeers. 81
The Vicomte de Bragelonne. 3 vols. 593-5
"9 Twenty Years After. Introduction by Ernest Rhys. 175
Edgar's Cressy and Poictiers. Introduction by Ernest Rhys. 17
Runnymede and Lincoln Fair. Intro. by L. K. Hughes. 820
(See also FOR YOUNG PEOPLE)
Edgeworth's Castle Rackrent and The Absentee. 410
Eliot's (George) Adam Bede. 27
" " Felix Holt. 353
Middlemarch . 2 vols. 854-5
" "D Mill on the Floss. Intro. Sir W. Robertson Nicoll. 325
" Romola. Introduction by Rudolf Dircks. 231
DD Scenes of Clerical Life. 468
" Silas Marner. Introduction by Annie Matheson. 121
English Short Stories. An Anthology. 743
Erckmann-Chatrian's The Conscript and Waterloo. 354
The Story of a Peasant. Translated by C. J.
Fenimore Cooper's The Deerslayer. 77 ¡Hogarth. 2 vols. 706-7
" " The Last of the Mohicans. 79
" 99 The Pathfinder. 78
"9 The Pioneers. 171
"9 The Prairie. 172
Ferrier's (Susan) Marriage. Introduction by H. L. Morrow. 816
Fielding's Amelia. Intro. by George Saintsbury. 2 vols. 852-3
99 Jonathan Wild, and The Journal of a Voyage to Lisbon.
Introduction by George Saintsbury. 877
" Joseph Andrews. Introduction by George Saintsbury. 467
Tom Jones. Intro. by George Saintsbury. 2 vols. 355-6
Flaubert's Madame Bovary. Translated by Eleanor Marx-Aveling.
Introduction by George Saintsbury. 808
" Salammbô. Translated by J. S. Chartres. Introduction by
Professor F. C. Green. 869 [969
Sentimental Education. Translated by Anthony Goldsmith.
France's (Anatole) At the Sign of the Reine Pédauque and The Revolt
of the Angels. Introduction by A. J. Hoppé. 967
French Short Stories of the 19th and 20th Centuries. Selected, with
an Introduction by Professor F. C. Green. 896
Galsworthy's (John) The Country House. 917
Galt's Annals of a Parish. Introduction by Baillie Macdonald. 427
6
EVERYMAN'S LIBRARY • CLASSIFIED LIST
FICTION- continued
Gaskell's (Mrs) Cousin Phillis, etc. Intro. by Thos. Seccombe. 615
" Cranford. 83
"9 Mary Barton. Introduction by Thomas Seccombe . 598
Sylvia's Lovers. Intro. by Mrs. Ellis Chadwick. 524
Ghost Stories. Edited by John Hampden . 952
(See also POETRY AND DRAMA) •
Gleig's (G. R. ) The Subaltern. 708
Goethe's Wilhelm Meister. Carlyle's Translation. 2 vols. 599-600
(See also ESSAYS and POETRY)
Gogol's (Nicol) Dead Souls. Translated by C. J. Hogarth. 726
Taras Bulba and Other Tales. 740
Goldsmith's Vicar of Wakefield. Introduction by J. M. D. 295
(See also ESSAYS and POETRY)
Goncharov's Oblomov. Translated by Natalie Duddington. 878
Gorki's Through Russia. Translated by C. J. Hogarth. 741
Grossmith's (George and Weedon) Diary of a Nobody. 963
་ Harte's (Bret) Luck of Roaring Camp and other Tales. 681
Hawthorne's The House of the Seven Gables. Intro. Ernest Rhys. 176
29 The Scarlet Letter. 122
" The Blithedale Romance. 592
" The Marble Faun. Intro. by Sir Leslie Stephen. 424
Twice Told Tales. 531 (See also FOR YOUNG PEOPLE)
Hugo's (Victor) Les Misérables. Intro. by S. R. John. 2 vols. 363-4
" " Notre Dame. Introduction by A. C. Swinburne. 428
Toilers of the Sea. Introduction by Ernest Rhys. 509
Italian Short Stories. Edited by D. Pettoello. 876
James's (G. P. R. ) Richelieu. Introduction by Rudolf Dircks. 357
James's (Henry), The Turn of the Screw and The Aspern Papers. 912
Jefferies's (Richard) After London and Amaryllis at the Fair. Intro. by
David Garnett. 951 (See also FOR YOUNG PEOPLE )
Kingsley's (Charles) Alton Locke. 462
• " Hereward the Wake. Intro. by Ernest Rhys. 296
D 19 Hypatia. 230
19 "" Westward Ho! Introduction by A. G. Grieve. 90
" "" Yeast. 611
(See also POETRY and FOR YOUNG PEOPLE)
(Henry) Geoffrey Hamlyn. 416
Ravenshoe. 28
Lawrence's (D. H. ) The White Peacock. 914
Lever's Harry Lorrequer. Introduction by Lewis Melville. 177
Loti's (Pierre) Iceland Fisherman. Translated by W. P. Baines.
Lover's Handy Andy. Introduction by Ernest Rhys. 178
Lytton's Harold. Introduction by Ernest Rhys. 15
" Last Days of Pompeil. 80
99 Last of the Barons. Introduction by R. G. Watkin. 18
Rienzi. Introduction by E. H. Blakeney, M.A. 53
(See also TRAVEL)
MacDonald's (George) Sir Gibbie. 678 (See also ROMANCE)
Mann's (Thomas) Stories and Episodes. Intro. by E. F. Bozman. 962
Manning's Mary Powell and Deborah's Diary. Introduction by Katherine
Tynan (Mrs Hinkson). 324
Sir Thomas More. Introduction by Ernest Rhys. 19
Marryat's Jacob Faithful. 618
Mr Midshipman Easy. Introduction by R. B. Johnson. 82
Percival Keene. Introduction by R. Brimley Johnson. 358
Peter Simple. Introduction by R. Brimley Johnson. 232
99" The King's Own. 580 (See also FOR YOUNG PEOPLE)
Maugham's (Somerset) Cakes and Ale. 932
Maupassant's Short Stories. Translated by Marjorie Laurie. Intro-
duction by Gerald Gould. 907
Melville's (Herman) Moby Dick. Introduction by Ernest Rhys. 179
Omoo. Introduction by Ernest Rhys. 297
22 Typee. Introduction by Ernest Rhys. 180
Meredith's (George) The Ordeal of Richard Feverel. 916
7
EVERYMAN'S LIBRARY CLASSIFIED LIST
FICTION- continued
Mérimée's Carmen, with Prévost's Manon Lescaut. Intro. by Philip
Mickiewicz's (Adam) Pan Tadeusz. 842 [Henderson. 834
Modern Humour. Edited by Guy Pocock and M. M. Bozman. 957
Modern Short Stories. Edited by John Hadfield. 954
Moore's (George) Esther Waters. 933
Mulock's John Halifax, Gentleman. Introduction by J. Shaylor. 123
Neale's (J. M.) The Fall of Constantinople. 655 [Bullen. 676
Paltock's (Robert) Peter Wilkins; or, The Flying Indians. Intro. by A. H.
Pater's Marius the Epicurean. Introduction by Osbert Burdett. 903
Peacock's Headlong Hall and Nightmare Abbey. 327
Poe's Tales of Mystery and Imagination. Intro. by Padraic Colum. 336
(See also POETRY)
Prévost's Manon Lescaut, with Mérimée's Carmen. Introduction by
Priestley's Angel Pavement. 938 [Philip Henderson. 834
Pushkin's (Alexander) The Captain's Daughter and Other Tales. Trans.
by Natalie Duddington. 898
Quiller-Couch's (Sir Arthur) Hetty Wesley. 864 (2 vols. 865-6
Radcliffe's (Ann) Mysteries of Udolpho. Intro. by R. Austin Freeman.
Reade's (C.) The Cloister and the Hearth. Intro. by A. C. Swinburne. 29
Peg Woffington and Christie Johnstone. 299
Richardson's (Samuel) Pamela. Intro. by G. Saintsbury. 2 vols. 683-4
" 39 Clarissa. Intro. by Prof. W. L. Phelps. 4 vols. 882-5
Russian Authors, Short Stories from. Trans. by R. S. Townsend. 758
Sand's (George) The Devil's Pool and François the Waif. 534
Scheffel's Ekkehard : a Tale of the Tenth Century. 529
Scott's (Michael) Tom Cringle's Log. 710
SIR WALTER SCOTT'S WORKS :
Abbot, The. 124 Ivanhoe. Intro. Ernest Rhys. 16
Anne of Geierstein. 125 Kenilworth. 135
Antiquary, The. 126 Monastery, The. 136
Black Dwarf and Legend of Old Mortality . 137
Montrose. 128 Peveril of the Peak. 138
Bride of Lammermoor. 129 Pirate, The. 139
Castle Dangerous and the Sur- Quentin Durward. 140
geon's Daughter. 130 Redgauntlet. 141
Count Robert of Paris. 131 Rob Roy. 142
Fair Maid of Perth. 132 St. Ronan's Well. 143
Fortunes of Nigel. 71 Talisman, The. 144
Guy Mannering. 133 Waverley. 75
Heart of Midlothian, The. 134 Woodstock. Intro. by Edward
Highland Widow and Betrothed. 127 Garnett. 72
(See also BIOGRAPHY and POETRY)
Shchedrin's The Golovlyov Family. Translated by Natalie Duddington.
Introduction by Edward Garnett. 908
Shelley's (Mary Wollstonecraft) Frankenstein . 616
Sheppard's Charles Auchester. Intro. by Jessie M. Middleton. 505
Shorter Novels, Vol. I. Elizabethan and Jacobean. Edited by Philip
Henderson. 824
" "9 Vol. II. Jacobean and Restoration. Edited by Philip
Henderson. 841
Vol. III. Eighteenth Century (Beckford's Vathek,
Walpole's Castle of Otranto, and Dr. Johnson's
Rasselas) . 856
Sienkiewicz (Henryk). Tales from. Edited by Monica M. Gardner. 871
99 Quo Vadis ? Translated by C. J. Hogarth. 970
Smollett's Peregrine Pickle. 2 vols. 838-9
Roderick Random. Introduction by H. W. Hodges. 790
Stendhal's Scarlet and Black. Translated by C. K. Scott Moncreiff.
2 vols. 945-6
Sterne's Tristram Shandy. Introduction by George Saintsbury. 617
(See also ESSAYS)
Stevenson's Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. The Merry Men, and Other Tales.
The Master of Ballantrae and The Black Arrow. 764 [767
8
EVERYMAN'S LIBRARY CLASSIFIED LIST
FICTION- continued
Stevenson's Treasure Island and Kidnapped. 763
"2 St. Ives. Introduction by Ernest Rhys. 904
(See also ESSAYS, POETRY, and TRAVEL)
Surtees' Jorrocks' Jaunts and Jollities. 817
Swift's Gulliver's Travels. Unabridged Edition, with contemporary
maps. Introduction by Harold Williams. 60
Tales of Detection. Edited, with Introduction, by Dorothy L. Sayers. 928
Thackeray's Rose and the Ring and other stories. Intro. Walter Jerrold.
"D Esmond. Introduction by Walter Jerrold. 73 [359
" Newcomes. Introduction by Walter Jerrold. 2 vols. 465-6
" Pendennis. Intro. by Walter Jerrold. 2 vols. 425-6
" Roundabout Papers. 687
" Vanity Fair. Introduction by Hon. Whitelaw Reid. 298
" Virginians . Introduction by Walter Jerrold. 2 vols. 507-8
(See also ESSAYS)
Tolstoy's Anna Karenina. Trans. by Rochelle S. Townsend. 2 vols. 612-13
Childhood, Boyhood, and Youth. Trans. by C. J. Hogarth. 591
"259 Master and Man, and other Parables and Tales. 469
War and Peace. 3 vols. 525-7
Trollope's (Anthony) Barchester Towers. 30
99 Dr. Thorne. 360
19 Framley Parsonage. Intro. by Ernest Rhys. 181
The Golden Lion of Granpère. Introduction by
Sir Hugh Walpole. 761
" 99 The Last Chronicles of Barset. 2 vols. 391-2
19 "9 Phineas Finn. Intro. by Sir Hugh Walpole. 2 vols.
99 "9 The Small House at Allington. 361 [832-3
99 99 The Warden. Introduction by Ernest Rhys. 182
Turgenev's Fathers and Sons. Translated by C. J. Hogarth. 742
99 Liza. Translated by W. R. S. Ralston. 677
Virgin Soil. Translated by Rochelle S. Townsend. 528
Voltaire's Candide and Other Tales. 936
Walpole's (Hugh) Mr Perrin and Mr Traill. 918
Wells's (H. G. ) The Time Machine and The Wheels of Chance. 915
Whyte-Melville's The Gladiators. Introduction by J. Mavrogordato. 523
Wood's (Mrs Henry) The Channings. 84
Woolf's (Virginia) To the Lighthouse. Intro. by D. M. Hoare. 949
Yonge's (Charlotte M. ) The Dove in the Eagle's Nest. 329
"9 The Heir of Redclyffe. Intro. Mrs Meynell. 362
(See also FOR YOUNG PEOPLE)
Zola's (Emile) Germinal. Translated by Havelock Ellis. 897
HISTORY
Anglo- Saxon Chronicle, The. Translated by James Ingram. 624
Bede's Ecclesiastical History, etc. Introduction by Vida D. Scudder. 479
Burnet's History of His Own Times. 85
Carlyle's French Revolution. Introduction by H. Belloc. 2 vols. 31-2
(See also BIOGRAPHY and ESSAYS)
Chesterton's History of the United States. Edited by Prof. D. W.
Brogan, M.A. 965
Creasy's Decisive Battles of the World. Introduction by E. Rhys. 300
De Joinville (See Villehardouin)
Duruy's (Jean Victor) A History of France. 2 vols. 737-8
Finlay's Byzantine Empire. 33
" Greece under the Romans. 185
Froude's Henry VIII. Intro. by Llewellyn Williams, M.P. 3 vols. 372-4
" Edward VI. Intro. by Llewellyn Williams, M.P., B.C.L. 375
Mary Tudor. Intro. by Llewellyn Williams, M.P., B.C.L. 477
History of Queen Elizabeth's Reign. 5 vols. Completing
Froude's ' History of England,' in 10 vols. 583-7
(See also ESSAYS and BIOGRAPHY)
Gibbon's Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. Edited, with Introduc-
tion and Notes, by Oliphant Smeaton, M.A. 6 vols. 434-6, 474-6
(See also BIOGRAPHY)
EVERYMAN'S LIBRARY CLASSIFIED LIST
HISTORY - continued
Green's Short History of the English People. Edited and Revised by
L. Cecil Jane, with an Appendix by R. P. Farley, B.A. 2 vols. 727-8
Grote's History of Greece. Intro. by A. D. Lindsay. 12 vols. 186-97
Hallam's (Henry) Constitutional History of England. 3 vols. 621-3
Holinshed's Chronicle as used in Shakespeare's Plays. Introduction by
Professor Allardyce Nicoll. · 800
Irving's (Washington) Conquest of Granada. 478
(See also ESSAYS and BIOGRAPHY)
Josephus' Wars of the Jews. Introduction by Dr Jacob Hart. 712
Lutzow's Bohemia: An Historical Sketch, Introduction by President
T. G. Masaryk. Revised edition. 432
Macaulay's History of England. 3 vols. 34-6
(See also ESSAYS and ORATORY)
Maine's (Sir Henry) Ancient Law. 734
Merivale's History of Rome. (An Introductory vol. to Gibbon.) 433
Mignet's (F. A. M.) The French Revolution. 713
Milman's History of the Jews. 2 vols. 877-8
Mommsen's History of Rome. Translated by W. P. Dickson, LL.D.
With a review of the work by E. A. Freeman. vols. 542-5
Motley's Dutch Republic. 3 vols. 86-8
Parkman's Conspiracy of Pontiac. 2 vols. 302-3
Paston Letters, The. Based on edition of Knight. Introduction by
Mrs Archer- Hind, M.A. 2 vols. 752-3
Pilgrim Fathers, The. Introduction by John Masefield. 480
Pinnow's History of Germany. Translated by M. R. Brailsford. 929
Political Liberty, The Growth of. A Source-Book of English History.
Arranged by Ernest Rhys. 745 [M.A. 2 vols. 397-8
Prescott's Conquest of Mexico. With Introduction by Thomas Seccombe.
Conquest of Peru. Intro. by Thomas Seccombe, M.A. 301
Sismondi's Italian Republics. 250
Stanley's Lectures on the Eastern Church. Intro. by A. J. Grieve. 251
Tacitus. Vol. I. Annals. Introduction by E. H. Blakeney. 273
99 Vol. II. Agricola and Germania. Intro. E. H. Blakeney. 274
Thierry's Norman Conquest. Intro. by J. A. Price, B.A. 2 vols. 198-9
Villehardouin and De Joinville's Chronicles of the Crusades. Translated,
with Introduction, by Sir F. Marzials, C.B. 333
Voltaire's Age of Louis XIV. Translated by Martyn P. Pollack. 780
ORATORY
Anthology of British Historical Speeches and Orations. Compiled by
Ernest Rhys. 714
Bright's (John) Speeches. Selected with Intro. by Joseph Sturge. 252
Burke's American Speeches and Letters. 340. (See also ESSAYS)
Demosthenes : Select Orations. 546
Fox (Charles James): Speeches (French Revolutionary War Period).
Edited with Introduction by Irene Cooper Willis, M.A. 759
Lincoln's Speeches, etc. Intro. by the Rt Hon. James Bryce. 206
(See also BIOGRAPHY)
Macaulay's Speeches on Politics and Literature. 399
(See also ESSAYS and HISTORY)
Pitt's Orations on the War with France. 145
PHILOSOPHY AND THEOLOGY
A Kempis' Imitation of Christ. 484
Ancient Hebrew Literature. Being the Old Testament and Apocrypha.
Arranged by the. Rev. R. B. Taylor. 4 vols. 253-6
Aquinas, Thomas: Selected Writings. Edited by Rev. Fr D'Arcy. 953
Aristotle, The Nicomachean Ethics of. Translated by D. P. Chase.
Introduction by Professor J. A. Smith. 547
(See also CLASSICAL)
Bacon's The Advancement of Learning. 719 (See also ESSAYS)
Berkeley's (Bishop) Principles of Human Knowledge, New Theory of
Vision. With Introduction by A. D. Lindsay. 483
ΙΟ
EVERYMAN'S LIBRARY CLASSIFIED LIST
ROMANCE
Aucassin and Nicolette, with other Medieval Romances. 497
Boccaccio's Decameron. (Unabridged. ) Translated by J. M. Rigg.
Introduction by Edward Hutton. 2 vols. 845-6
Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress. Introduction by Rev. H. E. Lewis. 204
Burnt Njal, The Story of. Translated by Sir George Dasent. 558
Cervantes' Don Quixote. Motteux's Translation. Lockhart's Intro-
duction. 2 vols. 385-6
Chrétien de Troyes : Eric and Enid. Translated, with Introduction and
Notes, by William Wistar Comfort. 698
French Medieval Romances. Translated by Eugene Mason. 557
Geoffrey of Monmouth's Histories of the Kings of Britain. 577
Grettir Saga, The. Newly Translated by G. Ainslie Hight. 699
Gudrun. Done into English by Margaret Armour. 880
Guest's (Lady) Mabinogion. Introduction by Rev. R. Williams. 97
Heimskringla : The Olaf Sagas. Translated by Samuel Laing. Intro-
duction and Notes by John Beveridge. 717
" Sagas of the Norse Kings. Translated by Samuel Laing.
Introduction and Notes by John Beveridge. 847
Holy Graal, The High History of the, 445
Kalevala. Introduction by W. F. Kirby, F.L.S., F.E.S. 2 vols. 259-60
Le Sage's The Adventures of Gil Blas. Intro. by Anatole Le Bras. 2 vols.
MacDonald's (George) Phantastes : A Faerie Romance. 732 1437-8
(See also FICTION)
Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur. Intro. by Professor Rhys. 2 vols. 45-6
Morris (William): Early Romances. Introduction by Alfred Noyes. 261
The Life and Death of Jason. 575
Morte d'Arthur Romances, Two. Introduction by Lucy A. Paton. 634
Nibelungs, The Fall of the. Translated by Margaret Armour. 312
Rabelais' The Heroic Deeds of Gargantua and Pantagruel. Introduction
by D. B. Wyndham Lewis. 2 vols. 826-7
Wace's Arthurian Romance. Translated by Eugene Mason. Laya-
mon's Brut. Introduction by Lucy A. Paton. 578
SCIENCE
Boyle's The Sceptical Chymist. 559
Darwin's The Origin of Species. Introduction by Sir Arthur Keith. 811
(See also TRAVEL) [E. F. Bozman. 922
Eddington's (Sir Arthur) The Nature of the Physical World. Intro. by
Euclid: the Elements of. Todhunter's Edition. Introduction by Sir
Thomas Heath, K.C.B. 891
Faraday's (Michael) Experimental Researches in Electricity . 576
Galton's Inquiries into Human Faculty. Revised by Author. 263
George's (Henry) Progress and Poverty. 560
Hahnemann's (Samuel) The Organon of the Rational Art of Healing.
Introduction by C. E. Wheeler. 663
Harvey's Circulation of the Blood. Introduction by Ernest Parkyn. 262
Howard's State of the Prisons. Introduction by Kenneth Ruck. 835
Huxley's Essays. Introduction by Sir Oliver Lodge. 47
Select Lectures and Lay Sermons. Intro. Sir Oliver Lodge. 498
" Antiquity
Lyell's of Man. With an introduction by R. H. Rastall. 700
Marx's (Karl) Capital. Translated by Eden and Cedar Paul. Intro-
duction by G. D. H. Cole. 2 vols. 848-9
Miller's Old Red Sandstone. 103
Owen's (Robert) A New View of Society, etc. Intro. by G. D. H. Cole. 799.
Pearson's (Karl) The Grammar of Science. 939
Ricardo's Principles of Political Economy and Taxation. 590
Smith's (Adam) The Wealth of Nations. 2 vols. 412-13
Tyndall's Glaciers of the Alps and Mountaineering in 1861. 98
White's Selborne. Introduction by Principal Windle. 48
Wollstonecraft (Mary), The Rights of Woman, with John Stuart Mill's
The Subjection of Women. 825
14
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