1.

Figures show that some countries have an ever-increasing proportion of the

population who are aged 15 or younger. What do you think are the current and
future effects of this trend for those countries?

Advantages Disadvantages

 Young people often bring new perspectives, new  Countries with an

ways of thinking, new ideologies, and the ability overwhelming number of
to participate in social, cultural, and political young people may struggle
activities. Hence, they have the ability to promote to offer adequate resources
societal shifts, positive values, and social growth. and facilities to meet their
demands.
→ They may devise novel solutions to challenging issues, E.g.: In Angola → the
and produce ground-breaking ideas → the Mock spiralling number of
Congress Convention moderated and chaired by children children at schooling age
in Vietnam → overcrowded
classrooms, a shortage of
skilled teachers, and
 The young population provides a physically able insufficient instructional
and dynamic source of labor, especially in resources
industry and services. => This is the workforce
that can revolutionise/streamline/expedite the
production process → sate societal needs  A dearth of job openings
 A vibrant consumer base → invigorate the for this growing sector →
commercial activities the imminent risks of
→ Contribute to national prosperity/economic upswing poverty, dissension, and
even political instability

2. It is a natural process for animal species to become extinct (e.g. Dinosaurs, dodos …)
There is no reason why people should try to prevent this from happening. Do you agree or
disagree?

DISAGREE

 Nature is not wholly responsible for animal extinction  Preventing animals

  poaching/illegal hunting from being extinct is
 Mass deforestation → shrinking habitat → food critical to our
sources depletion and the ensuing perish of the species ecosystem and human
 E.g.: Amazon → destruction at an unprecedented rate welfare:
(without governmental intervention)  The loss of animal
 The introduction of exotic species (For example, in species could disrupt
1949, five cats were brought to Marion Island, a part our ecosystem’s
of South Africa in the southern Indian Ocean. The cats balance => the lack of
were introduced as pest control for mice. By 1977, diversity
about 3,400 cats were living on the island,
endangering the local bird population.)
 Potential damage to
→ humans are held accountable for preventing this growing our economy and food
incidence security
For example: colony
collapse disorder

3. Some people think that the best way to improve road transport safety is to let the driver test
each year. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Intro: - lead in
 Completely disagree. More attention should be paid to implementing stricter
regulations and improving road infrastructure.
 Counter-argument Disadvantages

 some people posit/postulate that this  implementing an annual testing

practice would compel drivers to enhance
their competence in driving: skills/
knowledge => maneuver vehicles safely
and responsibly
HOWEVER:
 The act of safe driving is contingent on
drivers’ attitude.
 The test is only a temporary/transient
solution → their driving behavior will
regress
program can be resource-intensive
for both individuals and the
government
 drivers have to pay a fee + spend
time taking the annual test
=> financial strain for low-income
individuals + burden for those
with hectic schedules.
 Government may have to allocate
money, facilities resources =>
administer and evaluate the test
=> encroach on the fund for other
areas

OTHER WAYS:
 Can invest more in enforcing
stricter regulations and control
=> for example an increase in fines on
individuals drinking while driving can
discourage drivers from opening vehicles
under the influence.
 Improve road infrastructure.

4. Some people think that there could be more benefits to society if more people study business
than history. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Intro: lead in
Disagree → people should study according to their goals, preferences and circumstances,
GIVEN THAT ANY SUBJECT IS OF SERVICE TO THE SOCIETY IN SOME
MEASURE

Some people said that studying business However, from my perspective, history is
serves many benefits. of paramount importance/of
paramountcy/instrumental/pivotal in the
society

 Advancing the economy is high on  enable individuals and nation states

governmental agenda → economic to derive experience from mistakes
 progresses lay the foundation for other and achievement from previous
fields and can address an array of generations.
propositions (poverty/criminality/…) → → the experience accrues → can be
learning business should be given felicitously applied to the present
precedence  Having an insight into the history of
your country => inculcate in/instil in
them a sense of
 Studying business → foster creativity appreciation/gratitude → for the
and innovation among the students → forebears
generate a versatile and dynamic → drive individuals to pay contribution to
workforce → fuel societal development the furtherance of human civilization
as a whole

6. (Kim Khánh)
Throughout history, people have dreamed of living in a perfect society, but they have not agreed
on what an ideal society would be like. What do you think is the most important element of a
perfect society in the modern world? How can people work towards achieving an ideal society?

Elements/traits/characteristics/constituent How can people work towards

factors/attributes of a perfect society in the achieving an ideal society
modern world

 Ascertain the proper fulfilment of human  Health: government should

welfare
- Health: provision of free healthcare
to the public, irrespective of their
socioeconomic statuses
- Safety: the fear of crimes is
dispelled
zero-discrimination/non-
discrimination
- Happiness: peacefulness
spiritually diverse life
 Decent living standard
earmark a portion ò state budget
to offer free healthcare services
 Safety: the promulgation of
stringent laws and implantation of
preventative measures such as
+ CCTs or patrol men as well as
draconian steps against illicit
actions
+  Non-confrontational acts +
diplomatic resolutions
 The promotion of free religious
practices + the monetary subsidies
for cultural activities
 Equip individuals with job-
specific and transferable skills 
which can in turn contribute to
personal success and community
development conductive to
 social mobility, chances for
personal and professional
development
 Bridge the gap -> sensitize the
rich to the plight of the poor->
render support  facilitates
mutual understanding / eradicate
every benchmark for social status
-> offer affordances for everyone.

3. The use of cars and motorcycles causes transportation difficulty in cities. Why do people
continue to use cars and motorcycles in city? What is the best way to solve this problem?

Reasons Solutions

 Using private vehicles affords people  Improve public transportations

flexibility and convenience compared to infrastructure
fixed routes and schedules - Establish punctual and
- Annoying , disturbing , time passenger oriented
consuming due to infrequent timeline with frequent
timetables, delays, and long waiting itineraries
time => personal transportation : - Enhance comfort in
travel directly from one location to public transit by
the destination according to their providing amenities such
preferences and their own schedules as air condition,
 Boast comfort: carriages on buses + trains comfortable seating,
can cause discomfort since they tend to be especial entrance for the
swarming with people and have a noisome disabled
smell.  Offer incentives such as
 It is considered a status symbol  flaunt discounts on bus rides or free
their economic power passes to local attractions 
render public transportation
more appealing to individuals.
 Increasing taxation and traffic
restrictions (E.g.: Singapore)
8. (Danh Dũng) Some people say that economic growth is the only way to end hunger and
poverty, while others say that economic growth is damaging the environment, so it should be
stopped. Discuss both views and give your opinion,

View 1 View 2

 Economy is the cornerstone of the  The suggestion to stop economic growth is

living standard of people. With a
sufficient financial budget,
citizens can afford commodities
to cater to their needs.
 Economic progression can result
in better education and healthcare
 providing a more educated and
physically adequate workforce 
elevate a nation out of poverty
out of the question.
 Economic recession can slow down the
pace of human development -> the poverty-
stricken will still remain poor.
 On the other hand, it is irrefutable that the
growth in the economy is contributing to
the deterioration of the environment.
- Example: the emissions released
from industrial factories
- Solution: the government can
impose stringent standards on the
procedures to make them
environmentally-sound -> minimize
the strain on the atmosphere

Economic growth can be a solution to poverty

- offer ample job opportunities → ensure a stable income → able to satisfy the bare
necessities of life + enhance their own standard of living
- Taxation → increase the national budget → provides more subsidies or social welfare
programs for the poor
- An increase the quality and quantity of the products + affordable prices → enhance living
standard
E.g. Shenzhen City used to be a destitute fishing village and the living standards were low.
However, thanks to industrialization, this city has become a metropolis and the living
quality of the local people has been enhanced.
- Other ways:
+ Production (renewable resources, ...)
+ Consumption (durable clothes

Economic growth is a causative factor in environmental issues:

- exploitation of natural resources for construction and operation → depletion of these
finite sources
- emit harmful gases → results in grave air pollution
 E.g.: Beijing → morbid air quality resulting from industrial activities in the suburb →
detrimental health hazard.
- discharge untreated effluents from the factories → soil and water contamination
E.g.: in 2016, Formosa company based in Hatinh Province released tons of toxic waste
into the sea, causing mass death of marine life and afflicting living conditions and health of
local residents.
- noise pollution

10. (Hạnh Nguyên)

Disagree Disagree

 Biologically, men are more
physically resilient than women 
compatible with the exacting military
tasks (crucial qualities in combat
situations)
- men typically have higher
levels of testosterone, which
is a hormone that plays a
role in muscle growth.
Counterargument:
 The tasks in armed forces do not
necessarily entail combating
necessitate a whole range of skills
for distinctive roles
 Flexibility, agility, and
 Patriotism exists in each and every citizen,
regardless of their gender.
+ every individual is supposed to be
entitled to the right to protect their own
country.
 Gender discrimination does not only
deprive females of their professional
development but it also undermines the
diversity and strength of the armed force
→ competent women are having an
outside chance to contribute to this field
 meticulousness are also paramount
in the field  endemic to women
e.g.: medical army, camouflage,
spy, …

11.Nhật Huy

 Equip individuals with inner value which
can in turn contribute to personal success
and all-round development  humanity
(E.g.: …)
 Exert a substantial influence on humans’
mood (both happy and sad feelings)
- arouse a blissful feeling
- grieved/ lamentable
- Ignite/engender sympathy,
empathy, aesthetic sense
 Arts teach us to cherish the beauty
of culture, and history and are the
fuel for our spiritual lives  instill
religious and spiritual values into
each individual
 foster patriotism, develop
humanitarian gestures
 Galvanize them to take a positive
attitude on lives (meaningful
messages delivered through art
works)
12. Quang Duy
Agree
 Food Security
 self-sufficiency can ameliorate a nation’s
food security by reducing reliance on
external sources, minimizing the menace
of supply disruptions, and corroborating a
fixed food supply during crises
 ex: Japan’s endeavor to produce most of its
rice domestically
 Environmental Sustainability
 local food production leads to more
sustainable farming practices ( such as
crop rotation, organic farming, houseplant
experiments,...)
 internally produced food requires less
room, energy for storage and
transportation >< importing victuals →
reduce carbon footprint, CO2 emissions
Disagree
 Limited Diversity
 restrain the variety of food
available to a population
 cuz not every crop can be
sowed in any type of
vacant ground
→ result in dietary monotony
and health issues
 nutritional deficiencies can be
given a rise when a nation relies
solely on domestic production
and neglects certain essential
food groups
 Resource Intensity
 resource-intensive nature of
agriculture, emphasizing the
high demands for water, arable
land, and energy, which can
strain natural resources
 challenges of maintaining soil
fertility and preventing land
degradation in intensive
agricultural systems
13. Quỳnh Chi
AGREE
 Modern news is pure entertainment:
 The likelihood of news being meaningful
will naturally decrease rapidly as the
amount of news goes up.
 The way the media is structured is,
oftentimes, purely for profit.
 Poor representation and constant
incoherence of news.
 Unscrupulous journalists would attempt to
fill the pages with unimportant news just to
hit their quota.
 The news is depressing.
 Feeding viewers with an overwhelming
amount of negativity which infects their
thoughts → people are led to believe that
the world is a brutal and heartless place, as
bad news breeds fear and distrust.
DISAGREE
 The news is the best source of
information for extremely
important events.
 Keep abreast of the latest news →
stay alert in emergency
 The more negative stories appear
in the media, the higher chance
that people will become aware of
those problems and take action
towards a solution.
 Watching the news is beneficial
to a country’s democratic life
 Uninformed citizens who do not
watch the news can often make
bad political decisions
14. (Trà My)

INTRO  Paraphrase lại đề bài

 Thesis statement: I totally disagree with this statement.

 Individuals who advocate the view that higher education only has
advantageous impacts on students may argue that this will guarantee
their job opportunities and foster their living standards.
 Equip undergraduates with requisite occupational knowledge and
skills which are conducive to seeking employment. → may stand
a good chance of getting a well-paid job → life quality can be
improved.
 However, not only does tertiary education have a beneficial influence on
students but also the society as well.
 With the needful knowledge and skills that students acquire from
university education, the community would have a more educated
workforce. → catalyst for a thriving economy and a civilized
society.

 Moreover, no societal support for university tuition fees may deprive the
underprivileged of the chances of having a desirable job which may have
an adverse bearing on the community.
 They may not have the financial status to afford the cost of higher
education. → cannot develop their potentials which is
synonymous with the loss of professionals and bright minds,
hence brain drain.

Conclusion  It is my conviction that it is advisable for the society to subsidize

university education fee on account of its positive effects on the
development of the society.

15. (Trà My)

 Reasons Solution

 The failure of rehabilitation : Inadequate  It is advisable for the

measures may be taken to reeducate criminals. government to reform its
→ They may not be sensitized to the dire rehabilitation methods. →
consequences of their actions. → the criminals may gain a more
continuation of crimes. profound insight into human
 The lack of job opportunities. Criminals morals and the principles of
usually have insufficient occupational the society.
knowledge and skills which may render job  The authority should offer
seeking challenging. Thus, criminal records offenders vocational training
may make it difficult to find a job since people courses. → equip them with
usually avoid hiring people with criminal needful job skills → guarantee
backgrounds. → they may resort to illegal their job opportunities after
actions with a view to earning money. prison.
 The government should
incentivize the public to
change their perspective on the
criminals. Therefore, they may
not feel diffident and have
more motivation to improve
themselves.

7. (Mạnh Thông). Some people think that museums and art galleries should concentrate on the
history and art of their own country rather than the works of art of other parts of the world. To
what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
 agree disagree

 provide visitors with a deeper understanding  diversify the content of the

of their country( the prime times , hard times museums and galleries =>
that the country has been through ) => more types of visitors are
patriotism, sense of national pride => attracted => boost in the
educational purpose. number of visitors.
 preserve traditional cultures and historical  help visitors to gại an insight
values. into cultures and histories of
 a number of minority ethnic are gradually other countries.
losing their cultures, therefore, this will help
to preserve the cultural diversity of a nation.

9. (Anh Đức)

Agree Disagree

1. Food production contributes significantly 1. It's unrealistic for every country

to a nation's economy and food security due to various factors like the
 By producing their own food, countries
can have control over their food supplies,
reducing dependence on other nations and
decreasing vulnerability to global market
fluctuations or international disputes.
 Local food production can stimulate
economic activity, creating jobs and
supporting local farmers and businesses. It
also keeps money within the community.
2. Benefits of local food production:
reducing carbon footprint
 Local food production often has a lesser
environmental impact since it avoids the
long-distance transportation of food,
which contributes to greenhouse gas
emissions.
geographic landscape, climate
conditions, and resources available
 Geographic Limitations: Not all
locations are suitable for
cultivating all types of crops due to
differences in climate, soil type,
and available water sources.
 Resource Restrictions: Some
countries might lack the necessary
technology, infrastructure, or
workforce to support large-scale
food production.
 Dependence on Seasons: Relying
heavily on local food can lead to a
lack of variety or food scarcity
during particular seasons.