FLAVOURING AGENTS

DONE BY: BHARATHI KALYANI SELVAGANESAN

ROLL NUMBER:
CLASS: XII
INDIAN SCHOOL SALALAH

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 INDIAN SCHOOL
SALALAH

BONAFIDE
CERTIFICATE

It is hereby certified that Master/Miss:………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………..of
class XII, bearing Roll Number………………………..,has carried out
the Project work in Chemistry as per the syllabus prescribed by the
Central Board of Secondary Education, Delhi, for the academic year
2023-’24.

(Internal Examiner) (External

Examiner)

Date:

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank Mr. Sunil Garg, our Chemistry teacher, for all
the help and support in completing this project. Without the
encouragement of our principal, Mr. Deepak Patankar, I would not
have been able to complete this project.

I am so grateful to our lab assistant Mr. Gangaswamy for his much-

needed help in completing this project.

I would also like to thank my parents, friends, and all those who were
involved either directly or indirectly in this project.

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 CONTENTS

➢ INTRODUCTION

➢ THEORY

-VANNILIN AND ITS EFFECTS

-CINNAMALDEHYDE AND ITS EFFECTS

➢ EXPERIMENT

➢ OBSERVATION

➢ RESULT

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 INTRODUCTION
Flavouring agents or flavourants are substances added to food items to impart a
desirable flavour or alter the preexisting one by modifying the smell and taste
characteristic of the food.

Flavour compounds include non-volatiles like sugars, amino acids, fatty acids,
and organic acids and volatiles like aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes, acetals,
ketones, alcohols, esters, and Sulfur compounds.

THEORY
VANILLIN AND ITS EFFECTS
VANNILIN
COMMON NAME: VANILLA

IUPAC NAME: 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzaldehyde

MOLAR MASS: 152.15 g/mol

BOILING POINT: 285 °C / 545.00 °F / 558.15 K

PHYSICAL APPEARANCE:

It is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in water

Vanillin is an organic compound with the molecular formula C8H8Oз. It is a

phenolic aldehyde. A primary component of vanilla bean extract, has anti-
inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-tumour properties. The antibacterial
properties of vanilla make it beneficial for the treatment of acne. Vanillin,
through its antibacterial effects, helps cleanse your skin, reducing the
occurrence of pimples and acne.

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 CINNAMALDEHYDE AND ITS EFFECTS
CINNAMALDEHYDE
COMMON NAME: CINNAMON
IUPAC NAME: 3-phenylpropan-1-ol
MOLAR MASS: 132.16 g/mol
BOILING POINT: 248 °C / 478.40 °F / 521.15 K
PHYSICAL APPEARANCE:
Cinnamaldehyde exists as yellowish to
greenish-yellow oily liquid with a strong pungent
cinnamon odor. It is normally insoluble in water and
many organic solvents but is miscible with alcohol and
other flavouring oils.

Cinnamaldehyde is an organic compound with the formula C6H5CH=CHCHO

which occurs predominantly as a trans isomer. Cinnamaldehyde is an aromatic
aldehyde isolated from the essential oil of cinnamon. It has been proved to
possess various bioactivities such as anti-inflammation, anti-bacteria and
antihypertensive. Treatment with cinnamaldehyde led to inhibition of cell
viability, proliferation, and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in
primary and immortalized immune cells. It inhibits different enzymes involved
in cytokinesis at low concentration.

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 EXPERIMENT

AIM:
To isolate the most important bioactive compound from Cinnamomum
zeylanicum L. (Lauraceae) bark oil and detect the presence of Cinnamaldehyde
via Tollen's test.

MATERIALS REQUIRED:
C. zeylanicum bark, separating funnel, steam distillation apparatus, distilled
water, and a clean beaker.

CHEMICALS REQUIRED:
CH2C12, anhydrous Na2SO4 and tollens reagent ([Ag (NH 3 ) 2 ] OH).

PROCEDURE:
Fresh bark (1.5 kg) was subjected to steam distillation in a Clevenger- type
apparatus for 8 hours.

The distillate (water plus essential oil) was transferred into a 125-mL separating
funnel. CH2C12 (8 mL) was added to the separating funnel, which was then
capped tightly and shaken vigorously with occasional venting.

Layers were separated, and the lower CH2C12 layer was transferred to a clean
beaker. The extraction process was repeated with two more 8- mL portions of
CH2C12 and all the fractions were collected. The combined CH2C12 layers
were washed with 10-20 mL distilled water and separated into a dry container.

The organic layer was dried with three or four small spatulas of anhydrous
Na2SO4 and allowed to set for 10-15 min with occasional swirling, then rinsed
with CH2C12 which was finally evaporated with gentle heating.

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 OBSERVATION

The above organic mixture was then subjected to 2 mL of tollen's reagent [Ag

(NH 3)2] OH in a test tube which was then placed in a water bath set at 35°C

for 5 min. A silver mirror resulted around the test tube, which confirms that the

reactant under test is an aldehyde (CINNAMALDEHYDE).

RESULT

This experiment showed confirmed the presence of an aldehyde in Cinnamon

+ 2Ag + 4NH3+ 2H20

+ [Ag ( NH 3 ) 2 ] OH + H20 → SILVER MIRROR

PHENYL PROPANOIC
CINNAMALDEHYDE
ACID

TOLLEN'S TEST FOR CINNAMALDEHYDE

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

INTRODUCTION: https://studiousguy.com > Chemistry

THEORY: https://en.wikipedia.org

EXPERIMENT: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13880200802430607