Tissues

TISSUE
Group of similar cells with specific set of functions
CELLS TYPES of TISSUES SUB-TYPES
Epithelial cells EPITHELIAL Tissue 3/4
Muscle cells MUSCLE Tissue 3
Nerve cells NERVOUS Tissue 2
CT cells CONNECTIVE Tissue 4

What is the most abundant & widely distributed?

 1. EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Structure:
Cells: EPITHELIAL CELLS (several types)
Matrix (extracellular materials): Almost ABSENT
Functions:
1. PROTECTION- (Outer- skin, Inner - gastrointestinal lining)
2. SECRETION (eg. GLANDS in skin, GIT, endocrine, etc.)
3. ABSORPTION (eg. Intestinal cells)
4. FILTRATION (eg. Kidney cells)
5. TRANSCELLULAR TRANSPORT (eg. capillary wall cells)
6. CILIARY TRANSPORT (e.g. airway cilia)
 Types of EPITHELIAL TISSUE
SHAPE of Cells
1. SQUAMOUS
- Flat and scale-like

2. CUBOIDAL
- Cube-like

3. COLUMNAR
- Column-like
 Types of EPITHELIAL TISSUE
LAYER of Cells
1. SIMPLE
Single layer
2. STRATIFIED
2 or more layers (multi)
3. PSEUDO-STRATIFIED
False multi-layer
4. TRANSITIONAL
Multi-layer but with
different shapes
pseudo- false
KERATIN

- fibrous structural waxy protein that is

found in hair, nails, horns, claws, hooves
and outer layer of human skin
- Protects the body by creating a barrier in
the skin against pathogens
RESPIRATORY EPITHELIUM
 2. MUSCLE TISSUE

Structure:
Cells: myocytes (myo- muscle; cyto-cell) or muscle fiber
depending on type of muscle

Function: movements dep. on type of muscle

Control: voluntary or involuntary dep. on type of muscle

Types: smooth, cardiac and skeletal

 TYPES of Muscle Tissue
1. SKELETAL MUSCLE

2. CARDIAC MUSCLE

3. SMOOTH MUSCLE
 SKELETAL MUSCLE
Structure: cylindrical & non-branching, multi-nucleated,
striated

Control: usually voluntary

Speed: fastest

Location: usually attached to bones

Main Function: body movements (locomotion)

Other important function of skeletal muscles?
 Predict Question
Is there a skeletal muscle that has both
voluntary and involuntary control?
 CARDIAC MUSCLE
Structure: cylindrical & branching, single nucleus
somewhat striated (intercalated disks)

Control: involuntary

Speed: intermediate

Location: walls of the Heart

Function: pumps blood out of heart

 SMOOTH MUSCLE
Structure: spindle shape, non-striated, single nucleus

Control: involuntary

Speed: slowest

Locations: walls of circulatory, digestive, urinary,

reproductive tracts
Function: moves food along the digestive tract (peristalsis) or
moves blood, urine, etc. along different tubes
Smooth Muscle Contraction
 3. NERVOUS TISSUE

Types:

1. NEURON

2. NEUROGLIA
 NEURONS
Structure:
CELL BODY, AXON &
DENDRITES fibers
Location:
CNS (brain & spinal cord)
Function:
conduct & process
nerve impulses (electrical
messages)
Collection of Neurons
outside CNS?
 NEUROGLIA (“glue”)
Structure:
different types of cells
Function:
assists, protects and
nourishes neurons
Location:
where neurons are
present

Which undergo mitosis

when damaged?