UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

FSG 301
LABORATORY MANAGEMENT
ASSIGNMENT 2: CASE STUDY

GROUP/CLASS : AS1205C
LECTURER : MADAM SHAHIDAH HANUM BINTI
KAMARULLAH
No. FULL NAME STUDENT NO.
1. MUHAMMAD HAFIZUDDIN BIN K.M NAJMUL 2020464782
2. MUHAMMAD IERFAN NABIL BIN ROSLI 2020485102
3. TENGKU AIMAN NAIM BIN TENGKU FIRHAD BUSTAMAN 2020830093
4. MUHAMMAD AMIRUL HAKIM BIN ARIF 2020893038
5. MUHAMMAD EIQQRA UKAIL BIN ARIFAI 2020487924
 CONTENT FOR THE CASE STUDY

1. Introduction: The Company’s background and area of audit

Name and brief background of company/lab/department being audited When
(date of audit)
Where (e.g. Physical laboratory @ industrial lab etc.) Duration of
audit (how long)
2. Non-conformance and issues
List down the issue been identified as non-
conformance Describe the issue in detail
3. Proposed corrective action plan
Suggest corrective action plan to overcome the non-
conformance Suggest preventive plan
4. References
List all the references used in completing this assignment.
5. Appendices (if any)

CASE STUDY FORMAT GUIDELINE

1. Maximum number of pages – 10 PAGES
2. Font- Times New Roman (Font size: 12) or Arial (Font size: 11)
3. Line spacing – 1.5
4. Alignment – Justified
Table of Contents

a. Introduction....................................................................................................................................1
b. Non-Conformance and Issues...........................................................................................................3
c. Proposed corrective active plan........................................................................................................6
d. References and format......................................................................................................................8
a. Introduction

Malaysia is a country with a variety of landforms, including highlands, hills, and

slopes. To ensure that the landforms in Malaysia are well maintained and safe for

residents or users. There are several parties who are responsible for taking care of the

environment to guarantee the safety of the people in Malaysia.

At the state level, development planning is guided by the State Structure Plan (SSP) and

sectoral policies formulated by the respective state governments considering the strategic

policies of the NPP. Development planning is implemented and controlled at the Local

Government level with development plans such as Local Plans (LP) prepared by the

Local Planning Authority (LPA).

This Audit was carried out to improve the implementation management and monitoring of

the Management of Development Activities for Highland, Hill and Slope Areas and

Impact on the Environment.

The objective of the Audit is to assess whether development activities in the highlands,

hills, and slopes in the Bentong district are managed efficiently and effectively to protect

human safety and environmental quality.

Visits and physical inspections were conducted on development projects for settlement

activities, Temporary Occupation Licenses (TOL) for the development of Agricultural

Zones, forest use permits, and forest land development projects involving logging

licenses. The Bentong District Local Plan (BDLP) 2007-2015 has set the proposed land

use as 4,960.42 hectares (13%) for the built-up category and 33,162.51 hectares (87%) for

the non-built-up category from the entire area of Genting Highlands, Bukit Tinggi, and

Janda Baik.

The Audit found that the outcome evaluation of the development activities of the Bentong

district SMA was never implemented because the indicators and measurement of outcome

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achievement were not being set by PLANMalaysia@Pahang, BMC, Bentong District and

Land Office (BDLO), and Forestry Department (FD) of Bentong District.

Remedial action has been taken by PLANMalaysia@Pahang, whereby several

environmental and human safety indicators have been identified for inclusion in the latest.

Audit review using satellite images and MYSA gradient map found that development
components such as roads and drains have been built on Class III sloping areas

Both projects have obtained EIA exemption from the Department of Environment (DOE)
due to project components should not be included in the Class III area.

BMC took immediate action by reporting to the Board of Architects of Malaysia on the
consultant's failure to report changes in project component areas to the Local Authority
and DOE.

During the Audit physical visit at the development activities of the settlement zone
(tourism) and forestry zone, several conditions of EIA approval were not complied with
by the developer as follows:

a. Settlement Zone (Tourism)

The Audit physical visit at Bukit Tinggi development project found that the developer did
not provide a sediment trap pond while the area boundary ditch was imperfectly made.
The Audit physical visit found that earthworks were carried out in the Genting Highlands
area before the EMP was submitted to the Pahang State DOE. The developer’s failure to
submit an EMP report and comply with EIA approval requirements, is at risk of causing
soil erosion and landslides, unattended rainwater quality, and contamination of water
resources. Appropriate mitigation measures to ensure environmental sustainability was
not adequately taken by the developers.

b. Forestry Zone

At the Electric Transmission Line Development Project in Bukit Tinggi and Janda Baik
areas, the Audit found that the developer did not carry out temporary land
closure/stabilization work. In addition, the sediment trap ponds were not maintained, and
the water quality discharged from the sediment trap ponds exceeded the specified reading,
as well as the EMP documents were not in accordance with Best Management Practices

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 (BMPs). This was due to the lack of accountability on the developer's part and the lack of
work procedures detailing the need for joint monitoring of BMC and Pahang State DOE
before the developer starts the groundwork.

b. Non-Conformance and Issues

The woodland zone is the first problem. The treatment of trees in the project region
presented problems, which were also found during the audit of the Electric Transmission Line
Development Project in the Bukit Tinggi and Janda Baik districts. Uncontrolled forest
development operations, particularly in highland and slope locations, can have a considerable
detrimental influence on the environment by contributing to landslides and soil erosion.
Water catchment regions' size and quality are also impacted. Large-scale tree clearance can
result from unchecked development operations, which can have a number of detrimental
effects. Trees contribute significantly to the upkeep of ecological balance, the provision of
habitat for species, and the regulation of the local climate and water cycle. The removal of
them may result in a series of environmental issues. Additionally, cutting down trees in
highland and sloping locations can lead to landslides and soil erosion, which can harm
infrastructure and make the area less stable. Since soil erosion may also significantly affect
the quantity and quality of the water that is collected, this is especially worrisome if the
region is utilised for activities like water catchment. This emphasises the significance of
careful planning, supervision, and monitoring to guarantee that significant development
projects are carried out in an ecologically responsible way and taking the necessary steps to
limit the impact on the trees and the ecosystem as a whole.

A breach of the terms of the forest use permit is the second problem that occurred.
Anyone wishing to inhabit or conduct operations in a permanent forest reserve must first seek
a permission, according to the National Forestry Act of 1984. This criterion is there to make
sure that the environment of the forest is safeguarded, and that the usage of the forest is
managed in a sustainable and responsible way. The competent authorities, usually the state's
Forest Department, issue permits, which outline the terms and circumstances under which the
permit holder is permitted to utilise the forest. Limitations on the permitted types of activities,
the length of the permission, and the amount of the forest that may be utilised are only a few
examples of these criteria. As stated in the Guidelines for Agricultural Projects on Sloping

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Lands 2000, there may also be environmental protection requirements, such as the provision
of fishponds and sediment trap ponds, the maintenance of the forest's area, and the
implementation of safeguards against soil erosion, mudslides, and river silt pollution. A
permission is necessary for a number of reasons. It guarantees that the forest is being used in
accordance with the rules and specifications put in place to safeguard it. Additionally, it
contributes to the maintenance of a sustainable use of the forest that takes into consideration
the requirements of the neighbourhood residents, the effects on the ecology, and the effects
on other resources like water and soil. Additionally, it aids in ensuring that the forest is
maintained sustainably and that its usage is compatible with its conservation, preservation,
and sustainable development objectives. Additionally, permits help to monitor and regulate
activity in the forest and guarantee that the responsible party is held accountable for any harm
caused by their actions. The permit system also enables financial compensation for the costs
associated with forest management and environmental protection to be given to the
appropriate authorities. Additionally, it aids in stopping illicit forest operations including
logging, hunting, and land grabbing.

The temporary occupation licence (TOL) must thereafter be placed on reserve

property. The river reserve was established by the State Government using the three times
river width technique. In order to preserve the river from unwelcome activities like pollution,
erosion, and disruption of the river's natural flow, the river reserve serves as a buffer zone
between the river and the land near to it. The purpose of this approach is to surround the river
with a barrier that will keep it safe and in its natural habitat. An audit was performed to assess
how well this approach was used. The audit discovered that five, or 33.3%, of the 15
authorised TOL (Temporary Occupancy License) site choices were near rivers or on reserved
property. This indicates that the building or other potential river-impacting activities were
occurring inside the river reserve zone. This could not adhere to the legislation' requirements
for river preservation and might have adverse consequences on the ecosystem. The audit
found that the five locations, which were on or close to a river reserve, may have
development activities that endanger the river's environment, its natural flow, and the people
who use it for recreation. The audit report recommends that the state government monitor
activity on or near the river reserve zone and verify that the appropriate regulations are in
place and enforced in order to prevent or minimise any harmful effects on the rivers.

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Next, settlement zone is the third concern that has arisen in Bukit Tinggi. Bukit Tinggi is
a place where tourism from inside and outside tourism came from to enjoy their holidays.
However, certain places in Bukit Tinggi does not have boundary drains and sediment
traps ponds which it was one of the rules and regulation provided by Minister of Natural
Resources, Environment and Climate Change (KASA). Boundary drains and sediment
traps ponds need to provide by the developers because to remove the surface water from
around the compound to prevent flooding. As known that Bukit Tinggi was the highland
compound and if flooding occurs in that place, it may affect not just the sites of the
building but can causes serios complication such as landslide, collapsed of building,
massive flooding and more. The life of the worker and tourism may be in danger if this
situation happened. From the audit report, the developer did not take action in ensure
environmental sustainability. The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report had
been submitted and once the report is approved, the developer needs to settle down the
problem quickly since at that time there was a report that earthworks had held in nearby
location which was Genting Highland.

The last issue with the Temporary Occupation Licence (TOL) approval conditions for
agriculture not compiled in construction place at Bukit Tinggi. TOL defined the
authorities for the developers uses vacant public place for temporary times for any
contraction or else. Therefore, TOL needed for developers to change any public or private
land properties into state land and this TOL need to be approved by Malaysia Land
Authority (MLA). TOL need to renew from the expired date before hand over to the
authority’s officer. The company and developer will be discharge and punishment
because the licences dies or dissolve according to Section 68, National Land Code (NLC)
1965. TOL stated that every contraction sites, there were not permanents building that not
stated in the building plans. In Bukit Tinggi, the developers had built the erecting
permanent’s building which was opposites from the TOL. Therefore, the developers had
breaking two rules which is not showed the valid TOL and build the illegal permeants
building. When the TOL report had been submitted to the Minister of Laws, the
developers need to responsible and ready for any further actions

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c. Proposed corrective active plan

Next, the solution for the woodland zone problem in Bukit Tinggi and Janda Baik districts is
to stop the Work Order issued immediately, and the developer must ensure that appropriate
control measures are taken before the cessation is enforced as uncontrolled development and
unchecked development operations may cause significant detrimental effects such as
landslides and soil erosion. Then, developers must be given a notice to ensure maintenance
work is carried out based on BMPs. Further DOE is also required in the process of taking
legal action against developers who violated EIA requirements and started earthworks before
the EMP report is submitted. This is because developers who violate the EIA requirements
have a higher chance in causing harm towards the infrastructure which will then cause the
surrounding area to be less stable and endangering everyone on site. Careful planning,
supervision and monitoring are required as well to guarantee significant development projects
are safely carried out.

The Pahang State DOE has undertaken improvement measures for the Violation of
Forest Use Permit Conditions by reviewing and include additional conditions related to the
guidelines for use permits in Permanent Forest Reserves. People who want to conduct any
activity in these reserves are required to have a permit, according to the National Forestry Act
of 1984. This is so that the environment of the forest is safeguarded, and that the usage of the
forest is managed in a sustainable way. Individuals who breach the Forest Use Permit
Condition have a potential risk that leads to soil erosion, mud floods and water pollution from
river silt as they have no supervision on the activities done in the forest area. Permissions are
necessary to ensure the safety of both the individuals and the forest. It helps sustain the
usability of the forest in the future. These permits will help monitor and regulate activity in
the forest and ensure the responsible party takes accountability for any harm caused from
their actions. It also allows financial compensation for the costs associated with forest
management and environmental protection to be given to the appropriate authorities.

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The final solution for the settlement zone problem in Bukit Tinggi is that the developer
should first submit an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) to the Pahang State DOE to
get approval on the construction of boundary drains and sediment traps on the site area and
after they have gotten approval for the EIA, they must also send a Environmental
Management Plan (EMP) to the Pahang State DOE as well to start construction on the
boundary drains and sediment traps. This could have been avoided if the developers were
more aware about the environment as the lack of boundary drain and sediment traps caused
soil erosion this lessening the quality of the land as well making construction and the building
in general dangerous. The developers should also always abide to the rules and regulation set
by the EIA so that they could make the construction work go along smoothly while also
taking care of the environment around them.

The issue of Temporary Occupy License (TOL) can be resolved by renewing the license at
Malaysia Land Authority (MLA) before the license expires. This is so that the land can still
be used temporarily and does not go against the law of Section 68, National Land Code 1965
and the developers should also ensure that there are no permanent buildings constructed in
the construction site, this can be easily avoided by simple constructing a small shed with no
walls so that the shed can easily be relocated if the need ever arises and this will cause the
shed to be declared a temporary structure so it doesn’t go against the TOL regulations and
will not get punished. To prevent this from further happening, developers should always
check their land and their expiry date for their license so they would not get punished. They
must ensure that there are no permanent structures on their land during construction and
instead build temporary structures and they must also check the location of the buildings they
build if they are next to a river or lake to avoid the risk of polluting the water and thus
destroying the environment

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d. References and format

admin, A. M. (14 May, 2020). Land Law: Temporary Occupational Licence. Retrieved from
http://mathews.my/land-law-temporary-occupational-licence/.

McCulloch, N. (3 September, 2029). What Can I Recycle: A Guide to What Makes Something
Recyclable. Retrieved from https://www.rubicon.com/blog/what-can-be-recycled/.

Rycyling.inc. (17 May, 2018). Exploring the three Rs of waste management — Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.
Retrieved from https://roguedisposal.com/resources/education/recycling/exploring-the-
three-rs-of-waste-management-reduce-reuse- recycle#:~:text=Reduce%20means%20to
%20cut%20back,playground%20equipment%20and
%20recycling%20bins.