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Table of contents

Table of contents..................................................................................................................................................................... 1
1 Project - Worksheet for pressure vessel design................................................................................................................ 2
2 EN07 - Cylindrical shells under internal pressure - DIN EN 13445-3/7: 2021-12 & DIN EN 14025: 2018-09..................3
3 EN07 - Kloepper type heads under internal and external pressure - DIN EN 13445-3/7: 2021-12 & DIN EN 14025:
2018-09....................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
4 EN08 - Unstiffened cylinders under external pressure - DIN EN 13445-3/8: 2021-12 & DIN EN 14025: 2018-09...........9
Appendix: Material documentation....................................................................................................................................... 11
Appendix: Program annotations........................................................................................................................................... 15

Layout

Input values: 1.234 or 1.234

Calculated values: 1.234 or 1.234
Critical values: 1.234 or 1.234
Estimated values: 1.234 or 1.234

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1 Project - Worksheet for pressure vessel design

Drawing No. Project No. Sheet o

Client PED 2014/68/EU (97/23/EG)

Description

Project calculated according to EN 13445

Material data according to EN 13445

Creep range (if applicable)

With lifetime monitoring N
Design lifetime 100000 h

Design data

Max. allowable working ba ba

pressure

Test pressure in vertical ba ba

position
Test pressure in horizontal ba ba
position

External pressure ba ba

Design temperature ° °

Corrosion allowance m m

Joint efficiency

Volume m m

Category
Module

Comments

Strength Calculation Software Program System ATLAS Version 10.0.98

Developed by Lauterbach Verfahrenstechnik GmbH
Certified per DIN EN ISO 9001:2015 Certificate Number 01 100 044763

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2 EN07 - Cylindrical shells under internal pressure - DIN EN 13445-3/7: 2021-12 & DIN EN
14025: 2018-09
Selection type of head Cylindrical shells under internal pressure

7.4.2 Cylindrical shells under internal pressure

Regulation EN 13445-3: Unfired pressure vessels
Load case Operation
Calculation temperature t 150 °
Calculation pressure P 1.9 MP

Nominal wall thickness en 10 m

Outside diameter De 711 m
Weld factor z 0.85

Material
Material designation 1.0345
Wall thinning allowance δe 0.5 m
Corrosion allowance c 1 m
Thinning allowance during manufacturing δm 0 m
Sum of allowances ∑(δ) 1.5 m
Material strength (Re, Rp, Rm) K 187 MP
Safety factor S 1.5
Nominal design stress f 124.7 MP

Result
Inside diameter D 694 m
Mean diameter Dm 702.5 m
Geometrical ratio e/De 0.00883
Analysis thickness en - ∑(δ) ea 8.5 m
Required thickness e 6.278 m
Required thickness with allowances eδ 7.778 m
Maximum allowable pressure Pmax 2.564 MP
Allowable unreinforced opening outside shell discontinuities dA1 89.76 m

Load case Operation

Strength condition fulfilled
Geometrical condition fulfilled
The requirements acc. EN 13445-3 are fulfilled.

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Equations
Nominal design stress for the selected load case

(7.4-1)

Strength condition

Geometrical condition

(7.4-3)

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3 EN07 - Kloepper type heads under internal and external pressure - DIN EN 13445-3/7:
2021-12 & DIN EN 14025: 2018-09
Selection type of head Kloepper type

7.5.3 Torispherical ends under external pressure (Kloepper type)

Regulation EN 13445-3: Unfired pressure vessels
Load case Operation
Calculation temperature t 150 °
Calculation pressure P 1.9 MP
External pressure? Ye

Nominal wall thickness en 12 m

Outside diameter De 711 m
Weld factor z 0.85

Material
Material designation 1.0345
Wall thinning allowance δe 0 m
Corrosion allowance c 1 m
Thinning allowance during manufacturing δm 0.5 m
Sum of allowances Σ(δ 1.5 m
Material strength (Re, Rp, Rm) K 180 MP
Safety factor S 1.5
0.2% proof stress at operation Rp02T 180 MP
0.2% proof stress at ambient temperature Rp02R 235 MP
Nominal design stress (f=K/S) f 120 MP
Factor for fb (=1 or 1.6*)) ffb 120
Allowable buckling ffb·Rp02/S (7.5-4/5) f 14400 MP
stress

*) 1.6 for cold spun seamless austenitic stainless steel

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Result
Maximum allowable Min(Ps,Py,Pb) Pmax 2.199 MP
pressure
Maximum allowable acc. 8.7.1 for Pmax,k 0.8126 MP
pressure (stability) spherical part

Analysis thickness en - ∑(δ) ea 10.5 m

Required thickness Max(es, ey, eb) e 9.074 m
Required thickness with allowances eδ 10.57 m
Required thickness of spherical part, membrane es 6.653 m
Required thickness of knuckle, yield 7.5.3.5 e 9.074 m
Required thickness of knuckle, plastic buckling eb 0.2629 m

Inside diameter D 690 m

Inside radius of spherical part R 711 m
Outside diameter of knuckle DKe 1446 m
Inside radius of knuckle r 71.1 m

Geometrical ratio R/De 1

Geometrical ratio r/De 0.1
Calculation coefficient β 0.8538

Thickness reduction distance √(R·e) acc. 7.5.3.4 l 80.32 m

Limit skirt height 0.2·√(Di·e) acc. 7.5.3.4 h 15.83 m
Actual skirt height ha 42 m
Required skirt height h 0.9201 m
Crown height h2 132.1 m
Allowable unreinforced opening (completely in crown area) dA1 426.6 m

Load case Operation

Strength condition not fulfilled
Geometrical conditions fulfilled
The requirements acc. EN 13445-3 are not fulfilled.

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Equations
Nominal design stress for the selected load case

(7.5-1)

(7.5-2)

The auxiliary values for β (X, Y, Z, N at the end of mask) have been calculated iteratively with the required
thickness e.
(7.5-3)

Strength condition

Geometrical conditions

Rating of the permissible pressure

(7.5-6)

(7.5-7)

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(7.5-8)

Parameter Y = 0.01276 Z = 1.894 X = 0.103 N = 1

Parameter β0.06 = 1.123 β0.1 = 0.8649 β0.2 = 0.5
β = 0.8538

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4 EN08 - Unstiffened cylinders under external pressure - DIN EN 13445-3/8: 2021-12 & DIN
EN 14025: 2018-09
Unstiffened cylindrical shells
Unstiffened cylindrical shells according to 8.5.2
Regulation (0=EN13445-3, 1=EN14025) 0
EN 13445- Unfired pressure vessels
3:
Load case Operation
Calculation temperature t 150 °
Calculation pressure P 1.9 MP

Material properties of the cylinder

Material designation 1.0345
Poisson's ratio ν 0.3
Austenitic steel? No
Wall thinning allowance δe 0.5 m
Corrosion allowance c 1 m
Thinning allowance during manufacturing δm 0 m
Total allowance ∑(δ) 1.5 m
Material strength (Re, Rp, Rm) K 180 N/
Safety factor according to section 8.4.4 S 1.5
Modulus of elasticity E 203000 MP
0.2% proof stress at operating temperature Rp02 180 N/
0.2% proof stress at room temperature Rp02p 235 MP
Allowable elastic limit (Rpx, Rpx/1.25) σ 180 N/

Rem.:

Geometry of the vessel

Length of cylindrical section Lcyl 3718 m

External height of dished end 1 h 150 m
External height of dished end 2 h 0 m
Unsupported length of shell L 3778 m
Outside diameter Da 711 m
Nominal wall thickness of cylinder en 12 m
Analysis wall thickness ea 10.5 m
Mean radius of the shell R 350.3 m

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Results of the analysis of collapse by external pressure

Limit pressure for circumferential yield p 5.396 MP
Number of circumferential buckling waves ncyl 2
Parameter π · R/L Z 0.2913
Circumferential strain at collapse ε 3.992e-4
Theoretical buckling pressure pm 2.429 MP
Ratio pm/py 0.4502
Ratio (8.5-5) pr/py 0.2259
Allowable pressure (pr/S) pall 0.8126 MP
Allowable out-of-roundness (8.5.1-1) 0.005 -

Conditio P 1.9 < 0.8126 = pr/S

Load case Operation
The strength condition is not fulfilled

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Appendix: Material documentation

Section 2: SHELL/2EN07
Section 2: Shell-20°C / 2 EN07

Material specification:
Material code: 1.0345 Regulation: Spec. No.: EN 10216-2:2004
Short name: P235GH Product: Seamless tube
Delivery condition:

Design conditions and dimensions:

Temperature [°C]: 150 Thickness [mm]: 10
Pressure [bar]: 19 Outside diameter [mm]: 711

Material values for test and design conditions:

Test condition Operating condition
Nominal design strength [N/mm²]: 235 187
Safety factor: 1.05 1.5
Allowable stress [N/mm²]: 223.8 124.7
Modulus of elasticity [kN/mm²]: 212 203

Wall thickness tolerance [mm]: 2 acc. to EN 10216-2:2004

Strength values at 20°C

density Elong. strength Tensile strength Tensile strength ultimate strain, longitudinal Ultimate strain, lateral
. RP0.2 Rm, min Rm, max A A
kg/dm³ N/mm² N/mm² N/mm² % %
. t≤16 t≤16 t≤16 t≤16 t≤16
7.85 235 360 500 25 23

Strength values as a function of temperature

T °C condition 20 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
RP0.2 N/mm² t≤16 235 198 187 170 150 132 120 112 108

Strength values as a function of temperature with design lifetime of 100000 h

T °C condition 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500
Rm, min N/mm² 100.000h 141 128 114 100 88 77 66 56 47 39 32

Young's modulus-values in dependence of the temperature

T °C -100 20 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600
E kN/mm² 217 212 210.1 207 203 199 195.5 192 188 184 179.5 175 169.5 164

Mean coefficient of thermal expansion-values in dependence of the temperature

T °C -100 0 20 100 200 300 400 500 600
αm 1e-6/K 10.8 11.7 11.9 12.5 13.0 13.6 14.1 14.5 14.9

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Differential coefficient of thermal expansion-values in dependence of the temperature

T °C -100 0 20 100 200 300 400 500 600
αdiff 1e-6/K 9.3 11.6 11.9 13.0 14.0 15.0 15.9 16.6 16.4

Design conditions and dimensions:

Temperature [°C]: 20 Thickness [mm]: 10
Pressure [bar]: 19 Outside diameter [mm]: 711

Material values for test and design conditions:

Test condition Operating condition
Nominal design strength [N/mm²]: 235 360
Safety factor: 1.05 2.4
Allowable stress [N/mm²]: 223.8 150
Modulus of elasticity [kN/mm²]: 212 212

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Section 3: Shell / 3 EN07

Section 3: Shell-20°C / 3 EN07
Section 4: Shell / 4 EN08

Material specification:
Material code: 1.0345 Regulation: Spec. No.: EN 10222-2:2017-06
Short name: P235GH Product: Forging
Delivery condition: +N

Design conditions and dimensions:

Temperature [°C]: 150 Thickness [mm]: 12
Pressure [bar]: 19 Outside diameter [mm]: 711

Material values for test and design conditions:

Test condition Operating condition
Nominal design strength [N/mm²]: 235 180
Safety factor: 1.05 1.5
Allowable stress [N/mm²]: 223.8 120
Modulus of elasticity [kN/mm²]: 212 203

Strength values at 20°C

Notch Notch impact Thermal ReH Tensile Tensile ultimate strain, Ultimate strain,
density
impact work work conductivity strength strength longitudinal lateral
KV l KV t . . . Rm, min Rm, max A A
. . W/(m K) N/mm² kg/dm³ N/mm² N/mm² % %
t≤35 t≤35 . t≤35 . t≤35 t≤35 t≤35 t≤35
40 27 57.5 235 7.85 360 480 29 27

Strength values as a function of temperature

T °C condition 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
RP0.2 N/mm² t≤60 190 180 170 150 130 120 110

Strength values as a function of temperature with design lifetime of 100000 h

T °C condition 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480
RP1.0 N/mm² 100.000h 118 106 95 84 73 65 57 49 42 35 30
Rm, min N/mm² 100.000h 165 148 132 118 103 91 79 69 59 50 42

Young's modulus-values in dependence of the temperature

T °C -100 0 20 100 200 300 400 500 600
E kN/mm² 217 213 212 207 199 192 184 175 164

Mean coefficient of thermal expansion-values in dependence of the temperature

T °C -100 0 20 100 200 300 400 500 600
αm 1e-6/K 10.8 11.7 11.9 12.5 13.0 13.6 14.1 14.5 14.9

Differential coefficient of thermal expansion-values in dependence of the temperature

T °C -100 0 20 100 200 300 400 500 600
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αdiff 1e-6/K 9.3 11.6 11.9 13.0 14.0 15.0 15.9 16.6 16.4

Design conditions and dimensions:

Temperature [°C]: 20 Thickness [mm]: 12
Pressure [bar]: 19 Outside diameter [mm]: 711

Material values for test and design conditions:

Test condition Operating condition
Nominal design strength [N/mm²]: 235 360
Safety factor: 1.05 2.4
Allowable stress [N/mm²]: 223.8 150
Modulus of elasticity [kN/mm²]: 212 212

Design conditions and dimensions:

Temperature [°C]: 150 Thickness [mm]: 12
Pressure [bar]: 19 Outside diameter [mm]: 700.5

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Appendix: Program annotations

№ 3 3 EN07 - Kloepper type heads under internal and external pressure -
DIN EN 13445-3/7: 2021-12 & DIN EN 14025: 2018
==>The strength conditions are not fulfilled.
№ 4 4 EN08 - Unstiffened cylinders under external pressure - DIN EN
13445-3/8: 2021-12 & DIN EN 14025: 2018
==>The strength condition is not fulfilled.

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