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Classifications of Signals
Classifications of Signals
Chapter 2
CLASSIFICATION OF SIGNALS
^ĂŵƉůŝŶŐ
9ݔ = samples
9sampling interval = the time interval between samples (ݔ )
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Classification Of Signals
ͳ
݊ ݔൌ ݔ ൌ ൞ ʹ ݊Ͳ
Ͳ ݊൏Ͳ
or
ͳ ͳ ͳ
݊ݔ ൌ ͳǡ ǡ ǡ ǥ Ǥ Ǥ ǡ ǡǥ
ʹ Ͷ ʹ
͞Ϭ͟ďĞĨŽƌĞĂŶĚĂĨƚĞƌ
ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂŶƚƐŝŐŶĂů
Write the sequences of discrete signal. ĂƌĞŶĞŐůĞĐƚ
ȓݔ ȔαȓǤǤǤǡͲǡͲǡͳǡʹǡʹǡͳǡͲǡͳǡͲǡʹǡͲǡͲǡǤǤǤȔ
or
ȓݔ ȔαȓͳǡʹǡʹǡͳǡͲǡͳǡͲǡʹȔ
ƌƌŽǁƐŚŽǁ
ƚŚĞŽƌŝŐŝŶŽĨ
ƚŚĞƐŝŐŶĂů
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Classification Of Signals
Random Signals
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Classification Of Signals
CT
DT
A signal which repeats itself after a A signal which does not repeat
specific interval of time itself after a specific interval of time
A signal that repeats it pattern A signal that does not repeats its
over a period pattern over a period
They can be represented by a They cannot be represented by
mathematical equation any mathematical equation
Their value can be determined at Their value cannot be determined
any point of time with certainty at any given point of
time
They are deterministic signals They are random signals
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Classification Of Signals
DT
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TYPES OF SIGNAL
A. Continuous-Time Signals
v. Arbitrary Signals
B. Discrete-Time Signals
v. Arbitrary Signals
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Classification Of Signals
The unit step function ݑሺݐሻ , also The unit step sequence ݑሾ݊ሿ,
known as the Heaviside unit
function
ͳ ݊Ͳ
ݑሾ݊ሿ ൌ ቊ
Ͳ ݊൏Ͳ
ͳ ݐͲ
ݐ ݑൌቊ
Ͳ ݐ൏Ͳ
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Classification Of Signals
The unit impulse function Gሺݐሻ, also The unit impulse sequence (or unit
known as the Dirac delta function sample) Gሾ݊ሿ
Ͳ Ͳ്ݐ
ߜ ݐൌቊ ͳ ݊ൌͲ
λ ݐൌͲ ߜ ݊ ൌቊ
Ͳ ്݊Ͳ
ஶ
න ߜ ݐ݀ ݐൌ ͳ
ିஶ
ͳ ݊ൌ݇
The delayed delta function Gሺ ݐȂ ݐ ሻ ߜ ݊െ݇ ൌቊ
Ͳ ്݊݇
ஶ ஶ
න ሺݐሻߜ ݐെ ݐ ݀ ݐൌ ሺݐ ሻ
ିஶ
݊ ݔൌ ߜ ݇ ݔሾ݊ െ ݇ሿ
ୀିஶ
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Classification Of Signals
ݔሺݐሻ ൌ ݁ ఠబ ௧ ൌ ܿ߱ݏ ݐ ݆߱݊݅ݏ ݐ ݊ ݔൌ ݁ :బ ൌ ܿݏ: ݊ ݆݊݅ݏ: ݊
Ͳ ߙ െͳ
Increasing signal
Decreasing signal ߙ ൏ െͳ
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Classification Of Signals
Periodic Signal
Non-Periodic
ʹߨ Signal
Fundamental period : ܶ ൌ
߱
ͳ
Fundamental frequency : ݂ ൌ
ܶ
Fundamental angular frequency : ߱ ൌ ʹߨ݂
Imaginary part:
߱ ݊݅ݏ ܣ ݐ ߠ ൌ ݁ ݉ܫ ܣఠబ ௧ାఏ
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