>TYPOLOGY OF THE SIGN<

1. NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL SIGNS //(comparison format)

[Natural Signs]

-determined by strictly physical laws whereby signifier and signified are bound in
a direct cuse-and-effec relationship

[Example]

*The case of symptoms indicating a disease

*Smoke signifying fire

[Artifical Signs]

-depend upon the intervention of human volition

[Example]

*in the various languages man created for signaling purposes: hunger games rue and
katniss humm and whistle //

2. METAPHOR, MYTONYMY, AND SYNECDOCHE

[Metaphor]

-a figure of speech in which a word or phrase denoting one kind of object or action
is used in place of another to suggest a likeness or analogy between them

[Example]

*"You're a peach" (suggesting that the person is pleasing and delightful)

//In comparison format

[Metonymy]

*a figure of speech in which something is introduced by a new name that is related

to the original thing or concept

*uses a related name or concept

*mostly include proper nouns

[Synecdoche]

*a figure of speech where a word or phrase that refers to a part of something is

used to represent the whole or vice versa

*uses a part to represent the whole or vice versa

*include common nouns, especially body parts //

3. ICON, INDEX, SYMBOL

4. OSTENSION
- definding something by pointing out the object which they denote

5. SEMIOTIZATION

- involves the showing of objects and events (and the performance at large) to the
audience, rather than descriging, explaining or defining them