TURKISH LANGUAGE II

TURKISH LANGUAGE and LITERATURE

After the Adoption of Islam
(Classical and Folk Literatures)
 Turkish Language and Literature
After the Adoption of Islam

Following Turkish migrations into Anatolia after the

Manzikert (Malazgirt) victory (1071), the establishment
of various Beyliks in Anatolia and the eventual founding
of the Seljuk and Ottoman Empires set the scene for
Turkish literature to develop along two distinct lines:
• Classical Literature (Divan)
• Turkish Folk Literature
 CLASSICAL LITERATURE
(DIVAN)

• Initially based on two foreign literary traditions,

Arabic and Persian, literature gradually took on
Ottoman national characteristics.
• The most famous Divan poets: Baki, Fuzuli,
Nedim and Nef'i.
 CLASSICAL LITERATURE
(DIVAN)

Mixture of Turkish, Arabic

and Persian Languages-
Ottoman Language
• mostly poems Aruz metric system

• started in 13th century, experienced its

golden age in 16th century, and started to
collapse in 19th century.

4
 An Example From Divan Literature

There are kohl-eyed fresh-faced gazelles there

There are gold-belted khanjar-hipped young people there
And of course my love's swaying cypress body is there
Why shouldn't the heart flow like water towards Sadabad?
Nedim
 FOLK LITERATURE

ANONYMOUS WORKS of
TEKKE LİTERATURE
BARD POETS

Hece Metric system

• Yunus Emre, Köroğlu, Erzurumlu Emrah, Karacaoğlan.

Some Examples

The "Book of Dede

Korkut", put down in
writing in the 14th
century, is an
extremely valuable
work that preserves
the memory of that
epic era in beautiful
language.
 THE BOOK OF DEDE KORKUT

The Book of Dede Korkut is the

most famous among the epic
stories of the Oghuz Turks.
 The Book of Dede Korkut

Dede Korkut is a heroic

dastan (legend), which starts
out in Central Asia, continues
in Anatolia and Iran, and
centers most of its action in
the Azerbaijani Caucasus.
 THE BOOK OF DEDE KORKUT
TEPEGOZ

In Turkic mythology, Tepegoz

is a legendary creature who has
only one eye on his forehead.
He is an ogre that appears in
the Book of Dede Korkut, and
he is killed by Basat.
 YUNUS EMRE

Yunus Emre was a Turkish poet

and Sufi who greatly influenced
Anatolian culture.
 EXAMPLE FROM YUNUS EMRE

Yunus is my name,
Each passing day fans and rouses my flame,
What I desire in both worlds is the same:
You're the one I need, you're the one I crave.
Yunus Emre
 KARACAOĞLAN

• Karacaoğlan, also known as bard of love was a

captivating folk poet who took pleasure in capturing
women’s hearts.
• He sang his lyrics with the accompaniment of saz -
a simple string instrument
 EXAMPLE FROM KARACAOĞLAN

Death, do not tire yourself out by stalking me;

Be gone for a while, Death, come some other time.
You won’t spare me, you shall have me in the end;
Be gone for a while, Death, come some other time.

I often roamed from this highland to that plain

Where I would eat, drink, be merry, entertain.
I kept fleeing from you, yet you came again.
Death, be gone for a while, come some other time.
Karacaoğlan
 KARACAOĞLAN

The people of Anatolia feel that

Karacaoğlan escaped death,
because his lovely poems and
songs have achieved immortality.

Source: http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/newspot/2001/sept-oct/n5.htm
 THE POETIC METRES
IN DİVAN AND FOLK LİTERATURES

Aruz (Arud) Metre Hece (Syllabic) Metre

is mostly used is mostly used
in Divan literature. in Folk literature.
 SOME EXAMPLES

ARUZ METRE SYLLABİC METRE

THANK YOU FOR LİSTENİNG