TURKISH LANGUAGE II

COMPOSITION I
1. COMPOSITION - LITERARY COMPOSITION
2. TYPES of COMPOSITION - WRITTEN EXPRESSION
2.1. What’s Written Expression?
2.2. Topic / Subject
2.3. Outline / Draft
2.4. Paragraph
2.5. Page Layout
 COMPOSITION

The term ‘composition’ means putting together

or forming a whole by ordering parts and can
apply to any work of art, from music to writing
 LITERARY COMPOSITION

As a literary term, composition can be defined

as the arrangement of events, situations,
wishes, feelings, thoughts and dreams in a
way that contains and conveys a message
around a subject, considering the idea
of ​integrity”.
 DON’T FORGET!

ALL WRITTEN EXPRESSIONS

ARE THE EXAMPLES OF
LITERARY COMPOSITION!
Linguistic Performance

Linguistic performance
is based on:
 Comprehension (input)
 Expression (output)
Four Language Skills
Writing and Speaking
are the basic tools of
expression.
 WRITTEN EXPRESSION:

Written expression is the ability to

convey meaning through writing.

Source: Şerif Aktaş-Osman Gündüz, Yazılı ve Sözlü Anlatım, Kompozisyon Sanatı, Akçağ Yayınları, Ankara 2002: 62.
What do we need to do
for writing effectively?

a) Read and research

b) Make observation
c) Experience
d) Think
e) Improve language skills
 WRITTEN EXPRESSION:

MAIN STEPS:

1. Subject (Matter/Question)
2. Outline and Draft (Planning)
3. Writing (Activity)
 1. SUBJECT

 Subject is the
thing that is being discussed,
considered or described in a composition.
 Topic is the specific issue which is discussed.
 Each text discusses a subject&topic.
 Writer can use anything in life as a subject&topic.
 Examples

 Subject: HEALTH
Topic: Assesing fad diets.
 Subject: TELEVISION
Topic: Taking a side in the cable wars
 Subject: STOCKS AND BONDS
Topic: Showing that day trading is profitable or not
 Subject: TRAVEL
Topic: Arguing the merits of e-tickets
 Your Turn

Negative Effects
SUBJECT
of Diets

TOPIC Health
 Anwser:

Negative Effects
SUBJECT
of Diets

TOPIC Health
 2. OUTLINE

 Outline is a guide to organise the text, and

it prepares the writer to draft the text.
 It
is done by ‘listing the each paragraph’s
topic sentence’.
 Each text must have a title which

-is interesting and strong

-is easy to remember
-has a precise wording
-predicts the content in the text
-never misleads the reader.
 Examples

-Silent Victims (Subject: Children)

-Crisis in Our Schools (Subject: Education)
-We Are Killing the Earth (Subject:
Environment)