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CBLM 2 Final 1
CBLM 2 Final 1
Welcome to the learners for the module: Driving Light Vehicle. This
learner’s guides contain training materials and activities for you to
complete.
The unit of competency “Drive Light Vehicle “contains the knowledge,
skills and attitude required for a Driving NC II. It is one of the core
modules for National Certificate Level (NC II)
To complete each learning outcome of the whole module, you are
required to go through a series of learning activities. In each learning
outcomes contain Information Sheets, Operation Sheets, and
Task/Job Sheets resource sheets and references materials for further
reading to help you better understand the required activities. Follow and
perform the activities on your own. If you have questions, do not hesitate
to ask assistance from your facilitator/ trainer.
Show to your trainers any certificate of competence from previous
training, so you won’t do the same training again. They may become part
of the same training again. This module was prepared to help you
achieved the required competency in Driving Light Vehicle.
With the aid of these materials you will acquire the competency
independently and at your own pace. Read through the learning guide
carefully and talk to your trainer and agree on how you will fetch organize
the training of this unit. Ask for help from your trainer or to more
experienced workmates for their guidance to complete the activities.
When you feel confident that you have sufficient practice and
successfully completed each element, ask your Trainer to evaluate you.
The results of your assessment will be recorded in your Progress Chart
and Accomplishment Chart.
You need to complete this module before you can perform the next
module.
List of Competencies
BASIC COMPETENCY
Participate in Participating in 400311210
1. workplace workplace
communication communication
Work in team Working in team 400311211
2. environment environment
CORE COMPETENCY
Carry Out Minor Carrying Out Minor ALT723348
1. Vehicle Maintenance Vehicle Maintenance
and Servicing and Servicing
2. Drive Light Vehicle Driving Light Vehicle ALT832302
Obey and Observe Obeying and Observing ALT832303
3. Traffic Rules and Traffic Rules and
Regulations Regulations
Implement and Implementing and ALT832304
Coordinate Accident- Coordinating
4. Emergency Accident-Emergency
Procedures Procedures
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
1. Vehicle Inspection is performed as per manufacturer’s specification.
2. Safety harness/devices and tools are check according to the land
transportation office (LTO)/ land transportation franchising and
regulatory board (LTFRB) requirements.
3. Warm up of light vehicle is performed as per manufacturer’s manual.
4. Light vehicle is driven in accordance with traffic rules and
regulations and manufacturer’s instruction.
5. Driving hazards are identified and/or anticipated and avoided or controlled.
Contents:
Assessment Criteria:
REFERENCES:
Automotive Technology; Tech Manual; 4th Edition; ERJAVEC
Automotive Technology; 4th Edition; ERJAVEC
Toyota Training Manual
Auto Mechanics, Theory and Service By: de Kryger, Kobacik .Bono
Automotive Mechanics; 10th ed. Crouse: Anglin
Internet Websites
Conditions:
Assessment Method:
1. Written Test
2. Demonstration
Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome 1
and its
Assessment.
Function
About Parts of Light Vehicle and its
Function
Answer self-check 2.1-1
Harness/Devices/Tools of a vehicle
Objectives: After reading this information sheet, the trainee should be able to:
Date Developed: Document No.
September 2023
DRIVING NC II
Developed by: Pag 14 of vii
I. Vehicle Lightning
A. Lights
the driver uses electric lightning to provide the illumination or light needed
to safely operate the vehicle. The various lights provide vision and
information to the driver, convenience for passengers, and signals
and warnings to other drivers and pedestrians.
B. Light Bulbs
Lightning is provided by various sizes and types of light bulbs.
When an electric current flows through a fine wire or filament in the bulb,
the filament gets hot and emits visible light. The bulb may fit into a socket
which forms part of a lamp. The bulb may fit into a socket which forms part
of a lamp. Some bulbs have two filaments. This allows a single bulb to
provide light in two circuits for different purposes. The various
bulbs and lighting circuits usually receive power from the fuse
panel, ignition switch, or headlamp switch.
C. Headlamps
It is the most important lamps for the driver. When switch on, they provide
light ahead of the vehicle. The tungsten filament turns white-hot
when connected to the battery and gives out light. The light is reflected
forward by the curved reflector. Then the light passes through the lens which
arranges it in a pattern to light the road ahead. The sealed beam headlamp is
replaced as a unit.
Many vehicles have halogen headlamps. These emit a whiter and brighter
light than other sealed-beam lights. The halogen headlamp has a smaller
inner bulb filled with halogen gas which protects the tungsten filament. The
outer case is airtight or hermetically sealed. The halogen head
lamp is replaced as a unit.
D. Headlamp Switch
The Headlamp Switch controls the operation of the headlamps
and other exterior and interior lights. It connects directly to the battery and
mounts on the instrument panel to left of the steering wheel. The
headlamp switch usually combines a circuit breaker with a three- position
pull switch. It also includes a rotary switch that operates a variable resistor
or rheostat. The three positions of the pull switch are OFF, PARK, and
HEADLAMPS. Pulling the knob to the first detent or PARK position turns on
the parking lights, side-marker lights, and instrumental panel lights. Pulling
the knob to the second detent turns on the headlamps. Clockwise
rotation of the knob varies the instrument-panel lighting from full
bright to dim Rotating the knob fully counterclockwise turns on the
dome light and courtesy lights. Instead of the pull-type headlamp switch,
some cars have three-position rocker switch and a rotating thumbwheel on
the instrument panel.
F. Turn-Signal Lights
The turn signals permit the driver to signal an intention to turn right or left.
The system includes:
1. A lamp at each front and rear corner of the vehicle.
G. Fiber-optic Lighting
Some cars have as many as 80 light
bulbs. Each bulb can burn out and
fail.
Some components, such as
instrument panels, have many
bulbs close
J. Headlamp Aiming
Headlamps must be aimed correctly so the driver can see at night and to
prevent the blinding of approaching drivers. One method is the use of
an aiming screen. Park the car on a level floor, 25 feet (7.6 m) from the
screen. Then the high beam and low beam can be checked.
C. Seat Belts
E. Air-Bag Replacement
An air bag inflates only once. Then remove the deployed air bag and clean the
inside of the vehicle. This is necessary because of the powder emitted as the air
bag deploys. Install a new air bag module. Follow the air-bag service procedures in
the vehicle service manual.
B. Head-up Display
Images containing driving information are projected onto the windshield.
The information includes displays of vehicle speed, turn-signal indicators,
high-beam indicator, and low-fuel warning. These images appear
suspended in space near the front bumper. The driver’s eyes do not need to
move from the road or refocus to view this information.
Only certain information from the instrument panel appears in the head-up
display. A warning CHECKGAUGES messages appearing on the windshield
alerts the driver that a gauge on the instrument panel needs attention.
Controls allow adjustment of the head-up display brightness and vertic
allocation in the windshield.
C. SPEEDOMETER AND ODOMETER
A speedometer in the instrument cluster shows the driver how the fast the
vehicle is moving. Many speedometers are driven from the transmission
output shaft by a set of gears. Thee driven gear fastens to a flexible shaft or
speedometer cable. It runs from the transmission output shaft to the back
of the speedometer head.
Inside the speedometer, the cable turns a shaft with a small magnetic field
produces a varying pull on the metal ring surrounding the magnet. A pointer
attaches to the metal ring. As magnetic field spins, it causes the ring to
overcome a light spring and swing with the magnetic field. This moves the
Multiple Choices
1. D
2. B
3. D
4. D
5. A
Hand tools
A. Striking tools
B. Turning Tools
1. Screwdrivers - Use the proper screwdriver to drive or turn screw.
Screwdrivers are made in a variety of sizes, shapes, and special purpose
designs. The most common type has a single flat blade for driving screws
with slotted heads there are also Torx -head and Phillips-head screws.
Always select a screw driver of the proper types and size for
the job. When using a single-blade screwdriver, the blade shouldcompletely
fill the screw slot. This helps prevent damage to the screw head.
2. Wrenches - long-handled tool with fixed or adjustable jaws. You use a
wrench to turn bolts, nuts, and screws to work on both USC, and metric
fasteners, you need both USC and metric wrenches. A 3/8- to 1-inch USC
set and a 6- to 119-mm metric set will handle most jobs. You need these
sizes in sets of open-end, box, and combination wrenches.
a. Open-end wrench - usually has a jaw opening at a 15degree angle to a
handle. Turn the bolt or nut as far as the space permits. Then flip the
An open-end wrench has a different size on each end. Make sure the wrench
fits snugly against the flats. These are the sides of a nut or bolt head. A
loose fit may break or spring the jaws of the wrench. Springing jaws spread
apart and round off the corners of the hex. This makes use of the proper
wrench more difficult.
Careful:
Never use an open-end wrench to final-tighten a fastener or to free a frozen
fastener. The jaws may spread enough to allow thee wrench to slip. Use a
box wrench or a socket wrench for these jobs.
b. Box-wrench - opening surrounds or “boxes in” the nut or bolt head. An
advantage is that the box will seldom slip off. However, you must lift the box
wrench completely off and then place it back on for each swing. The wrench-
head is thin for use in tight places. The head usually sets at a 15-degree
angle to the body. This provides hand clearance for swinging the wrench.
The most common box wrench has 12 notches or “points” in the head.
This allows turning the fastener if the wrench can swing 30 degrees. A six-
Locking pliers such as Vise-Grip pliers have locking jaws. This makes them
useful as pliers, wrenches, clamps, and small vises. Look the jaws by
turning a screw in the end of the handle. This adjusts the size of the
opening. Closing the handles then locks the jaws into place. To release the
jaws, pull the release lever.
Careful:
Never use gripping pliers on hardened steel surfaces. This dulls the pliers’
teeth. Never use pliers on nuts or bolt heads. The pliers may slip and round
D. Cutting Tools
Cutting tools remove metal. They include chisels, hacksaws, files, punches.
Drills, taps, and dies are also cutting tools. Power cutting tools include
grinders, hones, lathes, and boring machine.
1. Chisels - is a cutting tool with a single cutting edge. There are various
sizes and shapes of chisels. Striking the chisel with a hammer makes the
chisel cut metal. Hold the chisel with one hand and the hammer in the
other. Hit the end of the chisel squarely holding the chisel in a chisel holder
or smooth-jaw locking pliers will protect your hand.
Caution:
Always wear eye protection when using a chisel. Never use a chisel with a
mushroomed head. When the hammer strikes the head, a piece could fly off.
The flying metal could cut you or injure an unprotected eye.
2. Hacksaw - is basically an adjustable metal frame that holds a steel saw
blade. The blade is replaceable and has from14 to 32 teeth per inch. Cutting
occurs on the forward stroke as you push the blade across the metal. The
teeth act like tiny chisels and cut off fine shavings or chips. Select a blade
with the proper number teeth per inch for the job. The teeth must be close
enough so at least two teeth are cutting. Teeth that are too close together
clog and stop cutting. The hacksaw blade for general cutting has 18 teeth
per inch.
3. Files - are used for cutting and shaping metal. They have many cutting
edges or teeth. When the cuts are far apart, there are only a few per inch.
This is rough-or coarse-cut file. When the cuts are close together, the file is
a smooth or dead-smooth file. A single-cut file has a series of sharp blades.
A double-cut file has a second series cut at an angle to the first. This creates
a series of sharp teeth. Various sizes and cuts of round, half-round, flat, and
triangular files are used during automotive service work. Always use a
handle with a file. Tapping the end of the handle on the bench tightens the
file in the handle. Keep the file teeth clean with a file card. It has short stiff-
wire bristles that remove chips and dirt from the teeth.
Multiple Choices
Instruction:
Choose the letter that correspond the correct answer.
4.____are hand tools with a pair of adjustable pivoted jaws for cutting or
gripping.
a. Pliers c. Hammer
b. Wrenches d. screw driver
1. B
2. A
3. A
4. A
5. A
Objectives:
After reading the information sheet, the trainee should be able to:
1. Enumerate Examples of Light Vehicle
2. Give some safety harness/devices/tools of a vehicle
A .Light vehicle
1. Private car
Model Answer
A. Light vehicle
1. Private car
2. Owner type Jeepney
3. Taxicab
4. Public Utility Jeepney
Objective:
After reading the information, the trainee should be able to perform routinely
checks on vehicle component (THE BLOWBAGETS}.
T - Tires – is a ring shaped component that surrounds a wheel’s rim to transfer a
vehicle’s load from the axles through the wheel to the ground and to provide
traction on the surface traveled over.
The Following must be checked:
a. Uneven sidewall wear, down to fabric plies, due to significant under-inflation
B-Battery - The cars source of electrical energy. It supplies direct current to the
electrical Components an electro chemical device for storing energy in chemical
form so that it can be released as electricity for cranking the engine and powering
the electrical load.
The following must be checked
KEY ITEMS:
A –Air- mixture of gases that composes the atmosphere surrounding Earth. Air is
the life sustaining of vehicle tire and must always be checked before running the
vehicle.
The following must be checked.
a. Tire pressure
Tire Service
Why is it important?
Tires may wear differently depending on their position on the vehicle, your
driving style and the condition of your suspension. Regularly rotating your tires
can evenly distribute their wear — helping you get the most miles out of your tires
while maximizing traction on all four wheels.
G- Gas – Natural gas vehicle (NGV) is an alternative fuel vehicle that uses
compressed natural gas (CNG) or liquefied natural gas (LNG). Natural gas vehicles
should not be confused with vehicles powered by LPG (mainly propane), which is a
fuel with a fundamentally different composition.
-Especially during long drives, a full gas tank is important. Imagine how
troublesome it would be if you run out of fuel while you’re stuck in traffic or
driving along the road where a gas station is nowhere in sight.
1. Safety - EWD is designed for safety purposes. It warns other motorists that
there’s a stalled vehicle ahead, which could lessen the odds of an accident.
2. Road Courtesy - Placing EWD won’t just keep you safe when you pull over to the
side but, it will also protect the approaching motorists. In this way, you are
being courteous towards other road users, and at the same time, you are
promoting road safety.
3. Responsible Car Owner - If all of us are responsible car owners or drivers, car-
related accidents could be reduced to a minimum. Be a responsible driver by
practicing road safety and courtesy. As such, you should always have the
essential tools inside your car – especially the EWD.
4. Required by the Law - Yes, it is required by the law. The Memorandum Circular
No. VPT-2012-1609 or the Revised Rules on the Implementation of the
Early Warning Device Requirement states that EWD is a mandatory accessory
for all motor vehicles, except motorcycles and tricycles. The memorandum goes
on by stating that “a pair of EWD…shall be carried at all times.” So, you might
want to buy EWD right now if you still don’t have one inside your car.
S- Self -Human error is the leading cause of road accidents. Accident Recording
and Analysis System cites fatigue, sleepiness, drunkenness, and medical problems
like asthma and dizziness as examples.
Self-Check 2.1-4
A. True or False
B. Enumeration
A. True or False
1. T
2. T
3. T
4. T
5. T
B. Enumeration
1. Vehicle components routinely to be checked
B – Battery
L - Light
O – Oil
W – Water
B – Brakes
A – Air
G – Gauges
E – Early Warning Device (EWD)
T – Tools
S – Self
Perform OHS? x
Perform 5’s x
Criteria
Yes No
Did the trainee…
Perform Vehicle Inspection as per manufacturer’s
Specification. x
Perform OHS? x
Perform 5’s x