TENSION MEMBERS

STEEL AND TIMBER DESIGN

Prof-Engr. Edgardo S. Cruz, MSCE
Mapua University Manila
Gross Section Yielding (GSY)

failure due to excessive deformation, based on gross

area, Ag.

2 2
Net Section Fracture (NSF)
failure is by fracture at a connection, design based on
effective net area, Ae.

*Net area – reduced gross area due to existing holes

*Effective net area – reduced area to account for non-uniform stress distribution when not all
parts of the member is connected.

3 3
NSCP GENERAL PROVISION (LRFD)
ΦtPn > Pu

ΦtPn = Design Tensile Strength

Pu= Ultimate/Factored Tensile Load

1. For tensile yielding in the gross section:

Pn = FyAg ; Φt = 0.90

2. For tensile rupture in the net section:

Pn = FuAe ; Φt = 0.75
4
NSCP GENERAL PROVISION (ASD)
Pn / 𝛀t > Pa
Pn / 𝛀t = Allowable Tensile Strength
Pa= Service/Unfactored Tensile Load

1. For tensile yielding in the gross section:

Pn = FyAg ; 𝛀t = 1.67

2. For tensile rupture in the net section:

Pn = FuAe ; 𝛀t = 2.00
5
 NET AREA
An = Ag – Σ (de · t)
de = dhole + 2 mm
dhole

NSCP 2015 (Table 510.3.3)

dhole = dbolt + 2 mm: for bolts <24mm diameter
dhole = dbolt + 3 mm: for bolts ≥24mm diameter

de = dbolt + 4 mm: for bolts <24mm diameter

de = dbolt + 5 mm: for bolts ≥24mm diameter

6
 STAGGERED HOLES
If the holes are staggered,
correction factor (Cochrane’s
Equation) is used to account for
the increased tensile strength
on an inclined fracture path.

7
NET AREA, An
“
With STAGGERED HOLES
𝐬𝟐
An = [ Wg – Σ (de )+ Σ ( 𝟒𝐠 ) ]*t
𝐬𝟐
An = Ag – Σ (de · t) + Σ ( 𝟒𝐠 · t)

8
 EFFECTIVE NET AREA
Ae = UAn
where:
U = shear lag
factor
𝑥
U=𝟏−
l
𝑥 = connection eccentricity The definition of 𝑥 was
formulated by Munse and

l = length of connection Chesson (1963) and

illustrated in the following
figures:

9
Shear Lag Factor, U (NSCP 504.3.1)

Note:
Use largest
applicable
value of “U”
10 10
Block Shear Rupture (BSR)

11 11
Block Shear Patterns

▪ Flat Plates

12
Block Shear Patterns

▪ Channels and Angles

13
 Block Shear Strength
The nominal strength for the limit
state of block shear rupture along a
shear failure path or path(s) and a
perpendicular tension failure path shall
be taken as
Rn = 0.6FuAnv + UbsFuAnt ≤ Rn max
where Rn max= 0.6FyAgv + UbsFuAnt
Φ = 0.75 (LRFD), Ω=2.0 (ASD)

14
 Block Shear Strength

If the tension is uniform, Ubs=1.0 (most cases) ;

If the tension is non uniform, Ubs=0.5 (coped beam)
where:
Ant = net area along the tension surfaces
Anv = net area along the shear surfaces
Agv = gross area along the shear surfaces

15
MAXIMUM SLENDERNESS RATIO
FOR TENSION MEMBERS

▪ L/r ≤ 300

16
SAMPLE PROBLEMS

17
 SAMPLE PROBLEM 1

Determine the design and allowable tensile strength of the 12 mm thick angle
member shown against rupture. Rivets used for the connection are 20 mm
diameter. Fu =150 MPa. Gross width =180mm

18
 Given: 12mm Angle with Wg=180mm, Fu =150MPa; 20mm rivets
SOLUTION: Req’d: Design and Allowable Strength against Rupture

De𝒔𝒊𝒈𝒏 𝑺𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉, ∅𝑷𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓 Fu Ae; where Ae = U*An

Determine Net Area:
𝒔𝟐
𝑨𝒏 = (𝑾𝒈 − 𝒅𝒆 + ) ∗ 𝒕𝒉𝒌 𝑷𝒏 = 𝑭𝒖 𝑨𝒆
𝟒𝒈
𝟏𝟗𝟎𝟎𝟖𝟎 𝑵
𝑨𝒏 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎 − 𝟐 𝟐𝟎 + 𝟒 𝒙 𝟏𝟐 𝑷𝒏 = 𝟏𝟓𝟎 𝟏𝟐𝟔𝟕. 𝟐 = = 𝟏𝟗𝟎. 𝟎𝟖𝟎 𝑲𝑵
𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎
𝑨𝒏 = 𝟏𝟓𝟖𝟒 𝒎𝒎𝟐
Effective Net Area: 𝑫𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒈𝒏 𝑺𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉:
𝑨𝒆 = 𝑼𝑨𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟖 𝟏𝟓𝟖𝟒 = 𝟏𝟐𝟔𝟕. 𝟐
∅𝑷𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓 𝟏𝟗𝟎. 𝟎𝟖𝟎 = 𝟏𝟒𝟐. 𝟓𝟔𝟎𝑲𝑵 (LRFD)
Because the length of the connection is unknown, U = 1-
𝑥 𝑨𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆 𝑺𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉:
cannot be used for shear lag factor. Since there are 4
𝑙
𝑷𝒏 𝟏𝟗𝟎.𝟎𝟖𝟎
bolts in the direction of the load U = 0.8 (Table on Shear
= = 𝟗𝟓. 𝟎𝟒𝟎 𝑲𝑵 (ASD)
Lag Factor – Case 8) Ω 𝟐

Therefore, the Design Strength, ∅𝑷𝒏 = 𝟏𝟒𝟐. 𝟓𝟔𝟎 𝑲𝑵 (LRFD)

𝑷 19
the Allowable Strength, Ω𝒏 = 𝟗𝟓. 𝟎𝟒𝟎 𝑲𝑵 (ASD)
 SAMPLE PROBLEM 2

Determine the net area along path ABCDEF for the C380x50 shown.
Holes are for 18 mm Ø bolts.
For the Channel section,
Ag= 6430 mm2, d= 381 mm,
tw= 10.2 mm, tf= 16.5 mm,
bf= 86.4 mm.

20
The technique is to convert the Channel section to its
equivalent Plate section

An = net width x thickness

= [W g - ∑de+ ∑s2/4g] x thk
= (W g)*thk – (∑de)*thk + (∑s2/4g) *thk
(75)^2 (75)^2
= 6430 – 2(18+4)(16.5) - 2(18+4)(10.2) + (4(231))*(10.2) + [( )*(16.5+10.2)/2]*2
4(111.65)

An = 5653.585 mm2 ans. 21

 SAMPLE PROBLEM 3

A C12x30 is connected with 20-mm diameter bolts in each flange as shown. If

Fy = 241 MPa, Fu = 414 MPa, and Ae = 0.9An,
1. Compute its design strength and allowable strength.
2. Compute for the maximum
service liveload if liveload is thrice as the
deadload using LRFD & ASD?
According to steel manual: Ag = 5690 mm2 , tf = 12.73 mm

22
 Given: C12x30 with Ag=5690mm2 tf =12.73mm, Fy =241MPa,
Fu =414MPa; 20-mm bolts with Ae = 0.9An
SOLUTION 𝑷
Req’d: Design Strength, ∅𝑷𝒏 and Allowable Strength, Ω𝒏

b.) Check Net Section Fracture (NSF)

𝒔𝟐
𝑨𝒏 = (𝑾𝒈 − 𝒅𝒆 + ) ∗ 𝒕𝒉𝒌
𝟒𝒈

𝑨𝒏 = 𝟓𝟔𝟗𝟎 − [ 𝟐 𝟐𝟎 + 𝟒 𝟏𝟐. 𝟕𝟑 ]
𝑨𝒏 = 𝟓𝟎𝟕𝟖. 𝟗𝟔 𝒎𝒎𝟐
a.) Check Gross Section Yielding (GSY) 𝑷𝒏 = 𝑭𝒖 𝑨𝒆 = Fu*U*An= 𝟒𝟏𝟒 𝟎. 𝟗 𝟓𝟎𝟕𝟖. 𝟗𝟔
𝑷𝒏 = 𝑭𝒚 𝑨𝒈 𝑷𝒏=
𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟐𝟒𝟐𝟎. 𝟒𝟗𝟔𝑵
= 𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟐. 𝟒𝟐𝟎𝟓 𝑲𝑵
𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎
𝟏𝟑𝟕𝟏𝟐𝟗𝟎
𝑷𝒏 = 𝟐𝟒𝟏 𝟓𝟔𝟗𝟎 = = 𝟏𝟑𝟕𝟏. 𝟐𝟗𝑲𝑵 ∅𝑷𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓 𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟐. 𝟒𝟐𝟎𝟓
𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎
∅𝑷𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟗 𝟏𝟑𝟕𝟏. 𝟐𝟗 = 𝟏𝟐𝟑𝟒. 𝟏𝟔 𝑲𝑵 (𝑳𝑹𝑭𝑫) = 𝟏𝟒𝟏𝟗. 𝟑𝟏𝟓 𝑲𝑵 (𝑳𝑹𝑭𝑫)
𝑷𝒏 𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟐.𝟒𝟐𝟎𝟓
𝑷𝒏 𝟏𝟑𝟕𝟏.𝟐𝟗 = = 𝟗𝟒𝟔. 𝟐𝟏𝟎 𝑲𝑵 (ASD)
= = 𝟖𝟐𝟏. 𝟏𝟑𝟐 𝑲𝑵 (ASD) Ω 𝟐
Ω 𝟏.𝟔𝟕

𝑷𝒏
𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒆 𝑮𝑹𝑶𝑺𝑺 𝑺𝑬𝑪𝑻𝑰𝑶𝑵 𝒀𝑰𝑬𝑳𝑫𝑰𝑵𝑮 𝑮𝑶𝑽𝑬𝑹𝑵𝑺: ∅𝑷𝒏 = 𝟏𝟐𝟑𝟒. 𝟏𝟔 𝑲𝑵 𝒐𝒓 = 𝟖𝟐𝟏. 𝟏𝟑𝟐 𝑲𝑵 23
Ω
 Given: C12x30 with Ag=5690mm2 tf =12.73mm, Fy =241MPa,
Fu =414MPa; 20-mm bolts with Ae = 0.9An
SOLUTION Req’d: Maximum service LL if LL=3DL using LRFD and ASD

𝑷𝒏
a.) LRFD 𝑷𝒖 ≤ ∅𝑷𝒏 b.) ASD 𝑷𝒂 ≤ Ω
𝑷𝒖 = 𝟏. 𝟐𝑫𝑳 + 𝟏. 𝟔𝑳𝑳 ; ∅𝑷𝒏 = 𝟏𝟐𝟑𝟒. 𝟏𝟔 𝑲𝑵 𝑷𝒏
𝑷𝒂 = 𝑫𝑳 + 𝑳𝑳 ; = 𝟖𝟐𝟏. 𝟏𝟑𝟐 𝑲𝑵
𝟏. 𝟐𝑫𝑳 + 𝟏. 𝟔𝑳𝑳 ≤ ∅𝑷𝒏 Ω
𝑷𝒏
𝟏. 𝟐𝑫𝑳 + 𝟏. 𝟔(𝟑𝑫𝑳) ≤ ∅𝑷𝒏 = 𝟏𝟐𝟑𝟒. 𝟏𝟔 𝑲𝑵 𝑫𝑳 + 𝑳𝑳 ≤ Ω
𝑫𝑳 ≤ 𝟐𝟎𝟓. 𝟔𝟗𝟑𝑲𝑵
𝑷𝒏
𝑳𝑳 ≤ 𝟑 𝟐𝟎𝟓. 𝟔𝟗𝟑 = 𝟔𝟏𝟕. 𝟎𝟖 𝑲𝑵 𝑫𝑳 + (𝟑𝑫𝑳) ≤ = 𝟖𝟐𝟏. 𝟏𝟑𝟐 𝑲𝑵
Ω

𝑳𝑳 ≤ 𝟔𝟏𝟕. 𝟎𝟖 𝑲𝑵 (𝒂𝒏𝒔. ) 𝑫𝑳 ≤ 𝟐𝟎𝟓. 𝟐𝟖𝟑𝑲𝑵

𝑳𝑳 ≤ 𝟑 𝟐𝟎𝟓. 𝟐𝟖𝟑 = 𝟔𝟏𝟓. 𝟖𝟒𝟗𝑲𝑵
LL ≤ 𝟔𝟏𝟓. 𝟖𝟒𝟗𝑲𝑵 (𝒂𝒏𝒔. )

LL (LRFD) = 617.08 KN ~ LL (ASD) = 615.849 KN 24

 SAMPLE PROBLEM 4

Find the design strength(LRFD) and allowable strength (ASD) of the 12 mm

thick plate shown when loaded in tension. All holes are 21.5 mm in gross
diameter. Fu = 150 MPa

25
 A

Given: 12mm Plate Fu =150MPa; 21.5mm hole dia

SOLUTION: Req’d: Design Strength, ∅𝑷𝒏

Determine smallest An by analyzing different paths of failure

Path ABCD
𝒔𝟐
𝑨𝒏 = (𝑾𝒈 − 𝒅𝒆 + ) ∗ 𝒕𝒉𝒌 Path ABEFG
𝟒𝒈
𝑨𝒏 = 𝟐𝟏𝟎 − 𝟐 ∗ (𝟐𝟏. 𝟓 + 𝟐) 𝐱 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟖 𝟒𝟎𝟐
𝑨𝒏 = 𝟐𝟏𝟎 − 𝟑 ∗ (𝟐𝟏. 𝟓 + 𝟐) + ∗ 𝟏𝟐
𝑨𝒏 = 𝟏𝟗𝟓𝟔 𝒎𝒎𝟐 𝟏𝟕 𝟒 ∗ 𝟓𝟎
𝟏𝟖
Path ABECFG 𝑨𝒏 = 𝟏𝟕𝟕𝟎 = 𝟏𝟖𝟕𝟒. 𝟏𝟏𝟖 𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝟏𝟕
𝟒𝟎𝟐
𝑨𝒏 = 𝟐𝟏𝟎 − 𝟒 ∗ (𝟐𝟏. 𝟓 + 𝟐) + 𝟑 ∗ 𝟒∗𝟓𝟎 ∗ 𝟏𝟐 Path ABECD
𝑨𝒏 = 𝟏𝟔𝟖𝟎 𝒎𝒎𝟐 𝟒𝟎𝟐
𝑨𝒏 = 𝟐𝟏𝟎 − 𝟑 ∗ (𝟐𝟏. 𝟓 + 𝟐) + 𝟐 ∗ ∗ 𝟏𝟐
𝟒 ∗ 𝟓𝟎
𝑨𝒏 = 𝟏𝟖𝟔𝟔 𝒎𝒎𝟐

Therefore An critical is 𝟏𝟔𝟖𝟎 mm2 26

Since An critical is 𝟏𝟔𝟖𝟎 mm2
𝑷𝒏 = 𝑭𝒖 𝑨𝒏
𝟐𝟓𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝑵
𝑷𝒏 = 𝟏𝟓𝟎 𝟏𝟔𝟖𝟎 = = 𝟐𝟓𝟐 𝑲𝑵
𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎

∅𝑷𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓 𝟐𝟓𝟐 ∅𝑷𝒏 = 𝟏𝟖𝟗 𝑲𝑵 (𝑫𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒈𝒏 𝑺𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉) ans.

𝑷𝒏
𝑷𝒏 /Ω = 𝟐𝟓𝟐/𝟐 = 𝟏𝟐𝟔 𝑲𝑵 𝑨𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆 𝑺𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒂𝒏𝒔.
Ω

27
 SAMPLE PROBLEM 5

An A36 W12x22 member is supposed to carry a working dead load of 165 KN

and a live load of 250 KN in tension. Verify the member strength if 24 mm-Ø
bolts are placed 50 mm from each other.
Ag = 4181 mm2
d = 312.67 mm
bf = 102.36 mm
tf = 10.8 mm
𝑥 =? (not given)

28
 Given: A36 W12x22 Ag = 4181 mm2 d = 312.67 mm bf = 102.36 mm
tf = 10.8 mm 𝑥 = 51.18 𝑚𝑚; with 24mm dia. bolts @ 50mm o.c.
SOLUTION: Req’d: Check adequacy?

𝑷𝒂 = 𝑫𝑳 + 𝑳𝑳 = 165 + 250= 415 KN b.) Net Section Fracture: 𝑷𝒏 = 𝑭𝒖 𝑨𝒆

𝑷𝒖 = 𝟏. 𝟐𝑫𝑳 + 𝟏. 𝟔𝑳𝑳 𝒔𝟐
𝑷𝒖 = 𝟏. 𝟐 𝟏𝟔𝟓 + 𝟏. 𝟔 𝟐𝟓𝟎 = 𝟓𝟗𝟖𝑲𝑵 𝑨𝒏 = (𝑾𝒈 − 𝒅𝒆 + ) ∗ 𝒕𝒉𝒌
𝟒𝒈
a.) Gross Section Yielding: 𝑷𝒏 = 𝑭𝒚 𝑨𝒈 𝑨𝒏 = 𝟒𝟏𝟖𝟏 − [𝟒 𝟐𝟒 + 𝟓 𝟏𝟎. 𝟖 ] = 𝟐𝟗𝟐𝟖. 𝟐 𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝑷𝒏 = 𝟐𝟒𝟖 𝟒𝟏𝟖𝟏 = 𝟏𝟎𝟑𝟔𝟖𝟖𝟖𝑵 = 𝟏𝟎𝟑𝟔. 𝟖𝟗 𝑲𝑵
what is U? case 2: U = 1 - 𝒍 = 1 -
𝒙 𝟒𝟏.𝟒𝟎
𝟑(𝟓𝟎)
= 𝟎. 𝟕𝟐𝟒
LRFD: ∅𝑷𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟗 𝟏𝟎𝟑𝟔. 𝟖𝟗
or case 7: U = 0.85 - therefore use larger U=0.85
∅𝑷𝒏 = 𝟗𝟑𝟑. 𝟐𝟎 𝑲𝑵 > 𝟓𝟗𝟖𝑲 ; 𝑺𝑨𝑭𝑬!
𝑨𝑺𝑫: 𝑷𝒏 /Ω = 𝟏𝟎𝟑𝟔. 𝟖𝟗 /1.67
𝑷𝒏
= 𝟔𝟐𝟎. 𝟖𝟗𝟐 𝑲𝑵 > 𝟒𝟏𝟓𝑲𝑵; 𝑺𝑨𝑭𝑬! 𝑷𝒏 = 𝑭𝒖 𝑨𝒆
Ω
𝑷𝒏 = 𝟒𝟎𝟎 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 𝟐𝟗𝟐𝟖. 𝟐 = 𝟗𝟗𝟓𝟓𝟖𝟖 𝑵 = 𝟗𝟗𝟓. 𝟓𝟖𝟖𝑲𝑵

𝑳𝑹𝑭𝑫: ∅𝑷𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓 𝟗𝟗𝟓. 𝟓𝟖𝟖 = 𝟕𝟒𝟔. 𝟔𝟗𝟏𝑲𝑵 > 𝟓𝟗𝟖𝑲𝑵; 𝑺𝑨𝑭𝑬!

Therefore Section is SAFE! 29
𝑨𝑺𝑫: 𝑷𝒏/Ω = 𝟗𝟗𝟓. 𝟓𝟖𝟖/𝟐 = 𝟒𝟗𝟕. 𝟕𝟗𝑲𝑵 > 𝟒𝟏𝟓𝑲𝑵 ; 𝑺𝑨𝑭𝑬!
Where does 𝒙 = 𝟒𝟏. 𝟒𝟎 𝒎𝒎 comes from????
Since the section is W12x22 with cover plates connected on upper and lower flanges,
𝑥 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑤𝑖𝑙𝑙 𝑏𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑤𝑒𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑖𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑊𝑇6𝑥11 𝑇𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑐𝑢𝑡 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑓 𝑜𝑓 𝑊12𝑥22 . 𝑇ℎ𝑎𝑡
𝑥 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑠 𝑡𝑜 𝑦 − 𝑏𝑎𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑊𝑇6𝑥11.

30
 SAMPLE PROBLEM 6

The connection shown in the figure uses 20 mm diameter A325 bolts. The
tension member is A36 steel (Fy = 248 MPa, Fu = 400 MPa) and the gusset
plate is A572 steel (Fy = 290 MPa, Fu = 415 Mpa). Determine the design
strength of the connection considering the following limit states:
a.) Gross Section Yielding (GSY)
b.) Net Section Fracture (NSF)
c.) Block Shear Rupture (BSR)

31
SOLUTION:
GIVEN: Tension Member A36 (Fy = 248 MPa, Fu = 400 MPa)
Gusset Plate A572 (Fy = 290 MPa, Fu = 415 Mpa)
4-20mm dia. bolts
REQ’D: Design Strength, ∅𝑷𝒏 b.) Net Section Fracture
on Tension Member
a.) Gross Section Yielding on Tension Member
𝒔𝟐
𝑨𝒈 = 𝒈𝒓𝒐𝒔𝒔 𝒘𝒊𝒅𝒕𝒉 𝒙 𝒕𝒉𝒊𝒄𝒌𝒏𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝑨𝒏 = (𝑾𝒈 − 𝒅𝒆 + ) ∗ 𝒕𝒉𝒌
𝟒𝒈
𝑨𝒈 = 𝟏𝟓𝟎 𝟏𝟐 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎𝟎 𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝑨𝒏 = 𝟏𝟓𝟎 − 𝟐 𝟐𝟎 + 𝟒 𝒙 𝟏𝟐 = 𝟏𝟐𝟐𝟒 𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝑷𝒏 = 𝑭𝒚 𝑨𝒈 𝑷𝒏 = 𝑭𝒖 𝑨𝒆 = Fu*U*An with U = 1.0 (plate to plate)
𝟒𝟒𝟔𝟒𝟎𝟎 𝟒𝟖𝟗𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝑵
𝑷𝒏 = 𝟐𝟒𝟖 𝟏𝟖𝟎𝟎 = = 𝟒𝟒𝟔. 𝟒 𝑲𝑵 𝑷𝒏 = 𝟒𝟎𝟎 𝟏. 𝟎 𝟏𝟐𝟐𝟒 = = 𝟒𝟖𝟗. 𝟔𝟎 𝑲𝑵
𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎
∅𝑷𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟗 𝟒𝟒𝟔. 𝟒 = 𝟒𝟎𝟏. 𝟕𝟔 𝑲𝑵 (𝒂𝒏𝒔. ) ∅𝑷𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓 𝟒𝟖𝟗. 𝟔𝟎 = 𝟑𝟔𝟕. 𝟐𝟎 𝑲𝑵 (𝒂𝒏𝒔. )

32
 GIVEN: Tension Member A36 (Fy = 248 MPa, Fu = 400 MPa)
Gusset Plate A572 (Fy = 290 MPa, Fu = 415 Mpa)
4-20mm dia. bolts

c.) Block Shear Rupture on Gusset Plate

Rn = 0.6FuAnv + UbsFuAnt < 0.6FyAgv + UbsFuAnt
𝑨𝒈𝒗 = 𝟏𝟏𝟐. 𝟓 𝟗 ∗ 𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟓𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝑨𝒏𝒗 = 𝟏𝟏𝟐. 𝟓 − 𝟏. 𝟓 𝟐𝟎 + 𝟒 𝟗 ∗ 𝟐 = 𝟏𝟑𝟕𝟕 𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝑨𝒏𝒕 = 𝟕𝟓 − 𝟏. 𝟎 𝟐𝟎 + 𝟒 𝟗 = 𝟒𝟓𝟗 𝒎𝒎𝟐
𝑹𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟔 𝟒𝟏𝟓 𝟏𝟑𝟕𝟕 + 𝟏. 𝟎(𝟒𝟏𝟓)(𝟒𝟓𝟗)
𝟓𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟓𝟖
𝑹𝒏 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎
= 𝟓𝟑𝟑. 𝟑𝟓𝟖 𝑲𝑵 ;
with an upper limit of Therefore use 533.358 KN
𝑹𝒏 𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝟎. 𝟔 𝟐𝟗𝟎 𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟓 + 𝟏. 𝟎(𝟒𝟏𝟓)(𝟒𝟓𝟗) ∅𝑹𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓 𝟓𝟑𝟑. 𝟑𝟓𝟖
𝟓𝟒𝟐𝟖𝟑𝟓
𝑹𝒏 𝒎𝒂𝒙 = = 𝟓𝟒𝟐. 𝟖𝟑𝟓 𝑲𝑵 > 𝟓𝟑𝟑. 𝟑𝟓𝟖 𝑲𝑵 OK! ∅𝑹𝒏 = 𝟒𝟎𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟗 𝑲𝑵 (𝒂𝒏𝒔. )
𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎

33