� ACT BIOLOGY Bank�

�
BY DR MAI ABD EL SALAM
1) We have 2 plants with height of 10 meters, 3 pants with a
hight of 15 m, 2 plants with 20 m, 3 plants with 25 m. what is
the average hight of plants?
a) 18
b) 20
c) 25
d) 30

2) How many alleles are expressed by codominant inheritance?

a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

3) Which best describes meiosis?

a) 1 round of cell division result in 2 diploid cells.
b) 1 round of cell division result in 4 diploid cells.
c) 2 round of cell divisions result in 2 haploid cells.
d) 2 round of cell divisions result in 4 haploid cells.

4) Which structure is not correctly paired with its function?

a) Ribosome – protein synthesis
b) Mitochondria – energy production.
c) Golgi body – protein packing.
d) Centrioles – genetic information.

5) A specific plant toxin often harms animal that eat the plant.
Cell organelle that stores the toxin:
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a) chloroplast
b) vacuole
c) ribosome.
d) Mitochondria

6) A volcano destroyed a forest, then soil started to form,

followed by plants and animals. The process is:
a) Progression.
b) Primary succession.
c) Secondary succession
d) Biomagnification.

7) How cell in one organism can differentiate in function and

structure?
a) They have different genes.
b) They have same genes, but certain genes are expressed.
c) The have different organelles.
d) The have different enzymes

8) Haemophilic father and normal and not carrier mother has 2

boys and 2 girls. Which of their offspring will most likely
inherit the allele for disease?
a) All daughters
b) All sons
c) Half daughters
d) Half sons.

9) Structure that transports sugar in plants:

a) Phloem
b) Xylem.
c) Cambium.
d) Pith.
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10) Birds with large beaks and birds with small beaks are
widespread in the environment, while middle-sized beaks are
in intermediate amounts. Type of natural selection:
a) Disruptive selection.
b) Directional selection.
c) Stabilizing selection.
d) Convergent selection.

11) Organism A can only survive, organism B survive and

reproduce, organism C have long life span, organism D is
the strongest. Which of the following is most fit according to
Darwin?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D

12) Two genes will most likely assort independently of each

other if they are located on:
a) An X chromosome
b) Codominant chromosome
c) A Y chromosome
d) homologous chromosomes

13) Less genetic variation in population cause:

a) Less chances of survival.
b) More chances of survival.
c) More adaptation.
d) Less adaptation.

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14) Plants and cyanobacteria are photosynthetic organisms,
how do the student know if that organism is plant or
cyanobacteria?
a) Plant cells have nucleus, cyanobacteria do not have nucleus.
b) Plant cells have chlorophyll, but cyanobacteria do not have.
c) Cyanobacteria have cell wall, but plant do not have.
d) Cyanobacteria have ribosome, but plant do not have.

15) Space between neurons is called:

a) Synapse.
b) Sarcomere.
c) Dendrites
d) Terminals.

16) How do organic compounds and inorganic compounds

differ from each other?
a) Organic compounds always have carbon and hydrogen.
b) Inorganic compounds always have covalent bonds.
c) Organic compounds always have ionic bonds.
d) Inorganic compounds always have ionic bonds.

17) Some molecules travel through cell membrane against

concentration gradient, this type of transport called:
a) Passive transport.
b) Osmosis.
c) Active transport.
d) Pinocytosis.

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18) Hawks eat snakes, snakes eat frogs, and frogs eat
grasshoppers. What is relationship between these
organisms?
a) Competition.
b) Predation.
c) Mutualism.
d) Commensalism.

19) Why does the Animal cell that placed in distilled water
lysis?
a) Water flow into the cell.
b) Water flow out of the cell.
c) Solute flow out of the cell.
d) Solute flow into the cell.

20) In which phase of Meiosis is the centromere split and

chromatids separated?
a) Anaphase I
b) Anaphase II
c) Metaphase I
d) Metaphase II

21) What is the function of white blood cells?

a) Carry oxygen
b) Carry carbon dioxide
c) Detoxify the blood.
d) Fight infections.

22) What is the neutral subatomic particle that placed inside

the nucleus of atom?
a) Protons.
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b) Electrons.
c) Neutrons.
d) Energy levels.

23) What is the unit that used to measure the weight of

small organisms?
a) Meter.
b) Kilometre.
c) Gram.
d) Kilogram.

24) Why light independent reaction cannot happen in dark?

a) It depends on NADH and FADH2 produced by light reaction.
b) It depends on NADH and ATP produced by light reaction.
c) It depends on FADH2 and ATP produced by light reaction.
d) It depends on NADPH and ATP produced by light reaction.

25) Two organisms that live in same place and eat same
food but do not compete, because they have different:
a) Size
b) Shape
c) Structure
d) Ecological niche

26) All populations that interact with each other is called:

a) Ecosystem.
b) Biome.
c) Community.
d) Biosphere

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27) Which are two organisms that compete on same food?

a) Rabbit and fox

b) Mouse and grasshopper.
c) Hawk and snake.
d) Owl and mouse

28) Every DNA molecule replicate as one old strand and

one new strand, so DNA replication is described as:
A)Conservative.
B)Semi-conservative.
C) Transcribed.
D) Translated.

29) DNA mass in daughter cell resulted from meiosis

compared to mother cell, is:
A)The same
B)Divided by 2
C) Divided by 4
D) Double

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30) Number of chromosomes in gametes compared to the
mother cell:
A)Divided by 2
B)Divided by 4
C) Same
D) Doubled

31) Scientists found fossils of an animal in different

continents that are now separated, what is the reason?

A)The animal roamed around in all continents that were once

joined.
B)Animal migrates.
C) Someone spread the fossils
D) Unknown

32) Carotene is a pigment in carrots, and other vegetables

that appear orange. What true about carotene?
A)It strongly absorbs both blue -green and yellow orange light
B)It strongly absorbs blue-green light but does not strongly
absorb yellow-orange color.
C) It does not strongly absorb blue-green light but strongly
absorbs yellow-orange light.
D) It strongly absorbs neither blue-green nor yellow-orange
light.
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33) Structures of Substance A, and substance B are slightly
different. An enzyme binds to substance A only. because:
A)Active site of enzyme fit better with A
B)Allosteric site of enzyme binds with A.
C) Binding site of enzyme fit with A
D) Regulatory site of enzyme fit with A.

34) Short microtubule that is found in paramecium in great

number:
A)Flagella
B)Cilia
C) Sarcomere
D) Actin

35) Nucleic acid that is involved in transcription, but not

involved in translation:
A)DNA
B)Messenger RNA
C) Transfer RNA
D) Ribosomal RNA

36) The macromolecule that is the building block of cell

membrane:
A)Protein.
B)Lipid
C) Carbohydrate
D) Nucleic acid.

37) Scientist need to know the effect of different

concentrations of auxin hormone on plant growth, what is the
control sample?
A)0% auxin
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 B)10% auxin
C) 20% auxin
D) 30% auxin

38) Small bilaterally symmetric adult animal that is

segmented, and has chitinous exoskeleton, and joined
appendage is:
A) chordate
B) Echinodermata
C) molluscs
D) arthropods.

39) to measure the rate of respiration of fungi in different

temperatures, we put:
A) 10 fungi in fresh water at 15 C and 10 fungi in freshwater at
25 C
B) 10 fugit in freshwater at 15 C, and 10 fungi un saltwater at
25 C.
C) 10 trouts in freshwater at 15 C, and 10 fungi in freshwater at
25 C.
D) 10 trouts in freshwater at 15 C, and 10 fungi in salt water at
25 C.

40) pH of some substances:

Fatty acid 1
Lemon juice 2
vinegar 3
rain 5.5
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 milk 6.5
Sea water 8.5
ammonia 12
lye 13
which of the following statement accurately compares rain
to another substance in the table?
A. rain has a higher hydroxide ion concentration than
ammonia
B. rain has a higher hydroxide ion concentration than milk
C. rain has a higher hydroxide ion concentration than
vinegar
D. rain has a higher hydroxide ion concentration than lye

41) determine the relationship between annual rain fall and

number of mosquitos:

A. No relationship.
B. Positive linear relationship.
C.Negative relationship.
D.Exponential relationship.
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 42) Phoebes Leven proposed that DNA contain an equal
amount of each nitrogenous base, an organized in repeating
clusters. Which of the following statement is true?
a) DNA contain equal amounts of each adenine, cytosine,
guanine, and thymine.
b) DNA contain an equal amount of adenine and guanine, and
equal amount of thymine and cytosine.
c) DNA contain an equal amount of adenine and cytosine, and
equal amounts of thiamine and guanine.
d) DNA contain an equal amount of adenine and thymine, and
equal amounts of guanine and cytosine.

43) which of the following statements about cell structure is

NOT correct?
(A) Plant cells have cell walls, whereas animal cells do not.
(B) Ribosomes are the main sites of energy production for the
cell.
(C) Plant cells have chloroplasts, whereas animal cells do not.
(D) Lysosomes function in the digestion of cellular waste
products.

44) what would happen to a human red blood cell if placed in

distilled water?
(A) It would shrivel.
(B)it would plasmolysis.
(c) it would lyse.
(e)it would not be affected.

45) which of the following pairs does not represent correct

relationship:
(A) fatty acid; lipid
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(B) starch; polysaccharide
(C) starch; carbohydrate
(D) enzyme; lipid

46) which of the following statements is correct?

(A) The product of transcription is DNA.
(B) The product of transcription is mRNA.
(C) The product of transcription is a polypeptide.
(D) The product of translation is mRNA.

47) Which of the following statements about meiosis is

correct?
(A) The result of meiosis is a zygote.
(B) Only somatic cells undergo meiosis.
(C) Meiosis typically results in genetic variation among the
gamete produced.

(D)The products of meiosis are always four cells identical to the

parent cell

48) An animal organism with a diploid number of chromosomes

equal to 30 would normally
(A) produce two gametes with 30 chromosomes each during
meiosis.
(B) produce four gametes with 30 chromosomes each during
meiosis.
(C) produce two gametes with 15 chromosomes each during
meiosis.
(D) Produce four gametes with15 chromosomes
each during meiosis.

49) which of the following is true about enzymes?

(A) They always work alone.
(B) They are consumed in a reaction.
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 (C) They are amino acid polymers.
(D) They always require a coenzyme.

50) The Calvin cycle of photosynthesis takes place in:

(A) stroma
(B) thylakoid
(C) vacuole
(D) stomata

51) A student designed an experiment to determine the effect

of using fretwork on plant growth. For 4 weeks, the student grew
20 plants. 10 using a fretwork and 10 without using a fretwork.
The student then measured the height of each plant. What was
the dependent variable in this experiment?
(A) Number of plants with a fretwork.
(B) Length of time plants grew.
(C) height of plants.
(D) Presence or absence of a fretwork.

52) which element act as a hydrogen acceptor during aerobic

respiration?
(A) hydrogen
(B) carbon
(C) nitrogen
(D) oxygen

(53) Select the correct sequence for human circulation.

(A) heart—vein—capillary—artery—heart
(B) heart—artery—lung—vein—body systems—heart
(C) heart—artery—lungs—vein—heart—body systems
(D) body system—lungs—heart—vein— capillary—artery

53) which of the following tissues contain the highest number of

mitochondria?
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 (A) nervous
(B) skin
(C) connective
(D) muscle

54) Which of the following is found in all viruses?

(A) protein coat
(B) cell membrane
(C) membrane-bound organelles
(D) endoplasmic reticulum

(55) Which of the following is a semi-conservative process?

(A) DNA replication
(B) non-disjunction
(C) translation
(D) transcription

(56) The plant hormone responsible for fruit ripening is

(A) abscisic acid.
(B) auxin.
(C) cytokinin.
(D) Ethylene

(57) Two genes will most assort independently of each

other if they are located on
(A) Y chromosome
(B) X chromosome
(C) Codominant chromosomes
(D) homologous chromosomes

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(58) The misuse of antibiotics contributes to the spread of
resistant strains of bacteria. The misuse of antibiotics can
result in:
(A) The transfer of nuclei from bacteria to viruses.
(B) The transfer of nuclei from viruses to bacteria.
(C) A decrease in the frequency of antibiotic resistance genes
in a population of bacteria.
(D) An increase in the frequency of antibiotic resistance
genes in a population of bacteria.

(59) Which of the following describe a fundamental

characteristic of all living organisms?
(A) Genetic mutations arise in response to environmental
changes.
(B) Inheritance of traits is based on a universal genetic code.
(C) Individual organisms can be identified by microscopic
cellular examination.
(D) Cells are interchangeable between members of the
same species.

(60) Damage to the Golgi apparatus will most have

which of the following cellular consequences:
(A) Transcription will be limited to
cytoplasmic vesicles of the damaged cells
(B) Translation will be limited within
cytoplasmic vesicles of the damaged cells
(C) Protein products will be modified for use
inside the damaged cells.
(D) Protein products will not be secreted
from the damaged cells.

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 (61) Which property allows the interaction between
water molecules in the xylem vessels of plants,
contributing to their movement up these vessels?
(A) high hear capacity
(B) high heat of vaporization
(C) Cohesion
(D) Adhesion

(62) Which compound is released in a dehydration reaction?

(A) C02
(B) H2O
(C) CH4
(D) C6H6O6

(63) there are membranous disk structures stacked on

top of each other, and which are found in plastids.
A. Stroma.
B. Cristae
C. Grana
D. leucoplasts

(64) Which of the following is an example of enzyme

cofactor?
A. Vitamin D
B. Iron
C.ATP
D.ADP

(65) What is the site that Glycolysis takes place?

A. Cytoplasm
B. Mitochondria
C.Stroma
D.Grana

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 (66) Which statements describes the difference between
bacteria and viruses?
A. Bacteria do not have DNA but viruses do
B. Viruses can infect humans but bacteria
cannot.
C. Bacteria have a membrane bound nucleus
but viruses do not.
D. Viruses are acellular but bacteria are not.

(67) which of following is considered accessory organ?

a. Pancreas
b. Stomach
c. Colon
d. Stomach

68) Which of the following is considered as an exocrine and an

endocrine gland?
(A) Spleen
(B) Pancreas
(C) Colon
(D) Stomach

69) What happened when N atom changed to N+?

(A) lost electron
(B) gained electron
(C) shared electron
(D) no change happened

70) What's the role of flagella?

(A) Propulsion
(B) cell division
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 (C) protein synthesis
(D) Photosynthesis

71) Which of the following is the correct aerobic cellular

respiration equation?
A)C6H1206 + 602 6C02 +6H20 + 36 ATP
B)C5H1205 + 602 6C02 + 36 ATP
C) 6C02 + 6H20 C6H1206 + 602
D) 6C3H6031 6C02 +6 C2H50H

72) Which of the following muscles acts involuntary?

A) striated skeletal muscle
B) striated smooth muscle
C) striated cardiac muscle
D) unstrained skeletal muscle

73) Which of the following cells cover the body surface and lines
body cavity?
(A) epithelial tissue
(B) neurons
(C) muscular tissue
(D) connective tissue

74) is considered an organic matter?

A) H20
B) C6H12O6
C) NACL
D) C6H1206 + NACL
75) Which of the following is true regarding the similarities
between Fins of shark and fins of dolphin?
A) evidence of common ancestors
B) evidence of convergent evolution
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 C) share homologous structures
D) share vestigial structures

76) What is the difference between cilia and flagella?

A) cilia is shorter and greater in number
B) cilia is longer and less In number
C) both have same length and number

D) no difference in number and length between them

77) which of the following is a conclusion obtained from

Griffiths experiment?
A) Transformation in bacteria
B) conjugation in bacteria
C) Transduction in bacteria
D) Mutation in bacteria

78) what is the function of ribosomes?

A) cell division
B) protein synthesis
C) locomotion
D) cellular respiration

79) Which of the following is proposed by Watson and crick model

of DNA molecule?
A) its replication is semi-conservative
B) its structure is double helix
C)it's formed from amino acids
D)it's transcription results to production of RNA

80) When atoms share electron, it forms

A) covalent bond
B) ionic bond
C) peptide bond
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D)hydrogen bond

81) Apoptosis is one of the functions of

A) ribosomes
B) centrosomes
C) lysosome
D) Mitochondria

82) which of the following is true regarding Photosynthesis?

A) light dependent reaction depends on the products from
light independent reaction
B) light independent depends on the products from light
dependent
C) light Independent occurs at night
D) it occurs through only one species.

83) Peptide bond is found between

A)amino acids
B) nucleic acid
C) monosaccharides
D) fatty acids

84) Protons and neutrons are found in the atom

A) the neutrons are positive and inside the nucleus
B) the protons are negative and outside the nucleus
C) the neutrons have no charge and inside the nucleus
D) the protons are positive and outside the nucleus

85) What is common in mitochondria and endoplasmic

reticulum membrane?
A) ATP
B) lipids
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 C) proteins
D) Starch

86) We shall consider theory of endosymbiosis to be true

because these organelles have their own
A) ATP
B) DNA
C) protein
D) starch

87) Phagocytes and lymphocytes are types of

A) red blood cells
B) white blood cells
C)platelets
D) plasma

88) What is the scientific meaning of biological evolution?

A) The development of an organism during its life time
B) The change in inherited traits over successive generations in
population of species
C) The increase in the concentration of harmful chemicals
in each trophic level.
D) The use of living organisms to control pests

89) which of following could happen from a

nondisjunction in homologous chromosomes?
A) All cells will have an extra chromosome
B) half of the cells will have an extra chromosome
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 C) All of the cells will lose a chromosome
D) one-quarter will have an extra chromosome

90) which of the following will be LEAST affected by a

mutation in the DNA sequence?
A) The ability of the DNA to replicate
B) The translation of mRNA into proteins
C) The transcription of DNA into mRNA
D) The chosen anticodon of the tRNA

91) what's the flow of the gas through the body when a
muscle cell is making respiration?

A) veins - alveoli - capillaries

B) heart - pulmonary artery - alveoli
C) heart - pulmonary vein - Lung
D) Aorta - pulmonary artery - alveoli

92) An organism with 44 chromosomes will have how many

chromosomes in its
Gamete?
A) 44
B) 24
C) 22
D) 26

93)Mammals

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 A) have open circulatory system because blood flows freely
through cavities since there are no vessels to conduct the
blood
B) have open circulatory system because blood pumped
into a hemocoel cavity
C) have closed circulatory system because heart pumps blood
through vessels that are separate from the interstitial fluid of the

body.
D) have closed circulatory system because blood mixes with
interstitial fluid at the cellular level.

94) What is the interaction between water molecules?

A) adhesion
B) cohesion
C) root pressure
D) capillarity

95) what will happen when ATP is utilized?

A) the bond between 2nd and 3rd phosphate is broken
B) the bond between 1 st and 2nd phosphate is broken
C) energy is restored
D) 3rd phosphate group linked to 2nd phosphate group

96) What's common between the stomata in the lower

epidermis and alveoli in the lungs?
A) gas exchange
B) ATP production
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 C) Photosynthesis
D) cellular respiration

97) What bonds forms when electrons are shared?

A) covalent bond
B) ionic bond
C) metallic bond
D)hydrogen bond

98) Lions and hyenas, living in the same area, both eat
Buffalos. What is the most probably the relationship in the lions
and the hyenas community?
L. Lions and hyenas will compete on the buffalo
ll. lions will compete with each other on the Buffalo
Ill. hyenas will compete with each other on the Buffalo
IV No competition will occur between lions and hyenas as
they're different species
The correct consequence?
A)I only
B)Il and Ill only
C) IV only
D) I, ll, and Ill

99) What will limit population growth?

l. Predation
ll. Disease
Ill. Limiting of resources availability

A) I only
B) I and Il only
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 C) l, Il, and Ill
D) none of the above

100) Two students conducted an experiment to determine

what happens to the energy transferred from each
consecutive trophic level. Which of the following
conclusions represented by the student is correct?
A) student A suggested that energy is lost during cellular
respiration
B) student B suggested that energy is lost through animal
feces
C) both students have correct conclusions
D) Neither student have correct conclusions

101) Which of the following is correct about the

number of protons, electrons and neutrons in carbon
13?
A) 6 protons, 6 electrons, 6 neutrons
B) 6 protons, 6 electrons, 7 neutrons
C) 5 protons, 5 electrons, 8 neutrons
D) 5 protons, 5 electrons, 5 neutrons

102) A female that is colourblind married a man with

normal vision. The possibility that their daughter will
has colourblind
A) 0% because she inherited normal color vision from her
father

26
B) 0% because she inherited color blind from her
mother and father.
C) 50% because she inherited normal vision from her
mother
D) 50% because she inherited color blind from her
mother

103) Purple color in plant is dominant. Green color in

plant is recessive. If we crossed a purple plant to a
green plant, the first generation will be 50% purple and
50% green. What do you conclude from this result?
A) the parental purple plant was
heterozygous for the trait
B) the parental purple plant was
homozygous for the trait
C) this outcome is impossible to occur
D)the parental green plant IS hybrid

104) What contributes the most of the biomass to the

plants?
A) producers
B) herbivores
C) omnivores
D) carnivores

105) What is the advantage of having the feathery

structure of the dandelion fruit?
A) it helps evolve other species in other areas.
B) it helps colonize habitats away from parent plant
C) it gives sweet taste to the fruit

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D) it helps attract insects in order to increase
pollination of the plant

106)What is the type of bond represented by arrow?

A) covalent because they share electrons
B) covalent because they give electrons
C) ionic because they share electrons
D) ionic because they give electrons

106) Which of the following chare the most recent common

ancestor?
A)A&B
B)B&C
C) A&C
D) A, B, and C

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 107) Which of the following is a major difference
between prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell?
A. only prokaryotes have nuclei.
B. only prokaryotic have photosynthetic pigments.
C. only eukaryotic have method of locomotion
D. only eukaryotic have membrane bound organelles.

108)a food chain, snakes eat toads, Toads eat herbivores

insects, and herbivores insects eats clover plant. The number
of the organisms represented at each trophic level is best
determined by which graph

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109)Which of the following best describes the
appearance and movement of cardiac muscle
tissue?
A. striated with voluntary movement
B. striated with involuntary movement
C. nonstriated with voluntary movement
D. nonstriated with involuntary movement

110) Which of the following chemical equations

represents the summary of cellular respiration?
A. 2C2H6 02 +2C02 + light energy C6H12 06 +
02
B. 6C02 + 602 + light energy C6H1206 + 602
C. C6H1206 + 602 6C02+6H20+ATP
D. C6H1206+602 2C2H602+2C02+ATP

111) Which of the following is characteristic of all

organic molecules?
A. they made up of iconic bond
B. they are insoluble in water
C. they undergo hydrogen bonding
D. they made up by covalent bond

112) How do carbohydrates normally function within

the human body

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A. as an energy source
B. as a functional unit
C. as enzyme regulating metabolic
processes
D. as the primary component of cell
membrane

113) Destruction of habitat may cause continuous

populations to be fragmented in to smaller ones,
Genetic diversity within each of these smaller
populations may decline overtime. significant loss
Of genetic diversity will most likely have which of the
following effects on a population
A.Decrease the population ability to adapt to the
future challenges in the environment
B.Increase the population ability to adapt to
increased predation
C. Decrease the population like head of going extinct
D. Increase the population ability to resist diseases

112) How does carbon 12 compose carbon 14?

A. carbon12 has 8 protons
B. carbon 12 has8 more neutrons
C. carbon 12 has 2 fewer protons
D. carbon 12 has 2 fewer neutrons

113) tiny single celled algae called zooxanthellae

live inside the bodies of reef building corals through

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 photosynthesis zooxanthellae provide corals with
carbohydrates, oxygen and the proper pH to build
A. commensalism
B. parasitism
C. mutualism
D. predation

114) a base substitution mutation in a gene least likely

affects which characteristic?
A. the structure of protein
B. the DNA 's ability to replicate
C. the amino acids in polypeptide chain

D. the transcribed mRNA sequences

115) suppose a mating of rabbits in 1/4 of the offspring

having black fur 1/2 of the offspring having gray fur and 1/4
of the offspring having a white fur the genotypes best
describe both parental rabbits?
A. BB black
B. Bb gray
C.bb gray
D.bb white

116) in the 1920s biochemist phoebes A Levene proposed

that DNA contains an equal amount of each nitrogen base
and that the bases are organized in repeating clusters of
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which of the following statements best reflects Erwin
Chargaff's 1947 correction of levene 's proposed DNA
structure
A) DNA contains unequal amounts of each of
adenine cytosine. Guanine and thymine
B) DNA contains equal amounts of adenine and guanine
and equal amounts of cytosine and thymine
C) DNA contain equal amount of adenine and cytosine
and equal amount of guanine and thymine
D) DNA contains equal amounts of adenine and thymine,
and equal amounts of cytosine and guanine

117) molecule M is a carbohydrate composed of

several hundred glucose units what type of molecule of
molecule M?
a) disaccharide
b) monosaccharide
c) Oligosaccharide
d) Polysaccharide

118) suppose a female bat has a total of 44

chromosomes in each of its diploid cells. how many
individual chromosomes will most likely be in each of
its gametes?
A 88 chromosomes
B 44 chromosomes
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C 22 chromosomes
D 11 chromosomes

119) by which process do cells use energy to move

substance across a membrane against concentration
gradient
A active transport
B diffusion
C osmosis
D passive transport

120) hydrothermal vents are found on the ocean

floor where hot mineral rich water escapes from
cracks in earth crust bacteria near the vents do not
require sunlight instead, they get energy by
oxidizing hydrogen disulphide. Clams, shrimp and
giant tube worms consume these bacteria these
animals in turn are consumed by larger animals.
removing which of the following components from a
hydrothermal vent ecosystem would most likely
impose the greatest limit on ecosystem
productivity?
A clams & shrimp
B hydrogen disulphide
C larger animals
D sunlight

34
 121) a small bilaterally symmetric adult organism
recovered from the tissue of a pig contains muscle
and a thick external cuticle and not chitinous
exoskeleton. this organism does not have segments
appendages. to which of the following phyla does
this organism belong?
A arthropod
B chordate
C Echinodermata
D Nematode

122) a specific plant toxin often harms animal that

eat the plant which plant cell organelle most likely
stores the toxin
A chloroplast
B mitochondria
C ribosome
D vacuole

123)the heart, the kidney stomach and thyroid all belong to

different organ systems in the body.
which of the following correctly matches the organ
with the function?

a. Heart filter waste from blood

b. Kidney filters waste from blood
c. Stomach produces pile
d. Thyroid produces bile

35
124) which of the following statement best describes a
recessive allele?
a. It produces least common phenotype
b. It produces the most common phenotype
c. Its phenotype is not expressed in heterozygotes
d. Its phenotype is expressed in heterozygotes

125) Salma looked through a microscope and was

examining a tissue that had thin long cells that have
tight bundles with strips. What type of this tissue?
A) Nerve
B) Muscle
C) Connective
D) Epithelial

126) How are organic compounds being different from

inorganic compound?
a) Organic compounds always have hydrogen and carbon.
b) Inorganic compounds always have covalent bonds.
c) Organic compounds always have ionic bonds.
d) Inorganic compounds always have hydrogen and carbon.

127) Within the system of binomial nomenclature, what do

Quercus ruble and Quercus alba represent?
a) 2 genera that are members of same family.
b) 2 genera that are members of same species.
c) 2 species that are members of same genus.
d) 2 subspecies that are members of same species.

36
128)

Dubin Johnson syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder

causing an increase in blood bilirubin levels. This pedigree
represents 4 generations of family in which some individuals
have the syndrome.
If individual 9 and a male with syndrome plan to have a child,
what is the probability that the child will have the syndrome?
a) 0%
b) 25%
c) 50%
d) 100%

129) In this figure, a dialysis bag containing a 30% starch

solution is placed into a beaker of distilled water.
The dialysis bag is permeable to water but it is not
permeable to starch. Which of the following statement
concerning the initial movement of water molecules is
correct?

37
 A. More water molecules will move from the beaker of distilled
water into the bag than in opposite side.
B. More water molecules move from bag to to beaker of distilled
water than in the opposite side.
C.Water molecules will not move through the dialysis
membrane.
D.Equal numbers of water molecules will move in both
directions.

Lettuce seeds require light for germination. A biologist designed

an experiment to study the effects of different wavelengths of
light colours on the germination of lettuce seeds. She placed filter
paper in the bottom of each plate with glass lids. Each plate
receives a different light color. Red, orange, green, or no light.
For same amount of time, temperature(23C)
humidity, and intensity of light.

The biologist recorded her data in the table:

Light color Number of

germinated seeds
White 92
red 91
Yellow 21
green 25
38
 blue 29
No light 0

130) What is the independent variable in this experiment?

a) Humidity.
b) Temperature.
c) Color of light.
d) Numbers of germinated seeds.

131) Which of the following statements is an appropriate

interpretation of this experiment?
a) Blue light promote germination more than red light.
b) Green light stops the production of chemicals that inhabit
germination.
c) Red light promote germination more than yellow light.
d) Lettuce seeds germinate at equal rates in all colors.

132) Is it appropriate to include white and no light treatment?

And why?

a) Yes, white light is a positive control, and no light is a

negative control.
b) Yes, white light contains all colors of light, but darkness
contains only black light.
c) No, the experiment is about light so darkness is an
unnecessary treatment.
d) No, white light contains all colors, making it difficult to
determine which color has no effect.

133)
Which of the following graph is a graph to red light?

39
133) Assume that in pea plant, round R seeds is dominant
to wrinkled r. also yellow Y seed color is dominant to green
y, and genes for color and shape unlinked.

What single cross will illustrate Mendel law of independent

assortment?

a) RRYY * rryy

b) RRYY * Rryy

c) RrYY * RrYy

d) RrYy * RrYy

134) If a plant with genotype Rryy crossed with a plant with

genotype rrYy. What percent of the offspring are expressed
to be heterozygous for both traits?

a) 0 %
b) 25 %
c) 50 %
40
 d) 100 %

135) Karen investigated the effect of different glucose levels

on ATP production in muscle cells and graphed it.
The graph in the data best support which of the following
conclusions regarding ATP production?

a) It is constant at all glucose levels.

b) It is independent on glucose levels.

c) It increases as glucose level increase

d) it occurs when glucose levels exceed 60 g/l

136) A biologist monitors the growth of a bacterial

population over time.
This graph reflects the data conflicted by the biologist.

At which of four points, the growth rate of total population is the

greatest?
41
a) Point a
b) Point b
c) Point c
d) Point d

137) In peas, tall plant(T) is dominant to short plant (t), and

purple flower (P) is dominant to white(p) flowers. Dr Bauman
crossed a tall purple flowered plant with short white flowered
plant. The F1 generation consists of all tall plants with purple
flowers. what genotypes most likely represent the parents?

a) TTPP and ttpp

b) TTPp and Tt Pp
c) TtPp and ttpp
d) TTPP and TTpp

138) How do carbohydrates normally function within the

human body?

A. As an energy source.
B. As functional unit of lipids.
C.As enzymes regulating metabolic process.
D.As primary component of cell membrane.

139) As cell hydrolyse ATP, resulting energy. Which of the

following bonds in ATP molecule is typically broken?

A. The bond between two phosphate group.

B. The bond between ribose and phosphate group.
C.The bond between adenine and ribose.
D.The bond between adenine and phosphate

42
140) Specialized cells of pancreas produce insulin. LDX1
gene regulate the insulin production. What conclusion about
LDX1 gene?

A. It is found only in pancreas.

B. It is found in pancreases and liver, but only expressed in

pancreases.

C.It is found in all body cells but only expressed in pancreases.

D.Mutation in LDK1 gene has no effect on insulin secretion.

141) Which of the following structures maintain the shape of

plant cells?

A. Cell wall

B. Lysosome.

C.Mitochondria.

D.Chloroplast.

142) Molecule M is a carbohydrate composed of several

hundreds of glucose units. What type of molecule is molecule
M?

A. Disaccharide.

B. Monosaccharide.

C.Polysaccharide.

D.Oligosaccharide.

43
143) Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (AED) is a sex-linked
recessive condition which male and female would be most
likely to have children with this expectation: half the sons have
AED, and none of daughters have AED.

A. Male without AED and homozygous dominant female.

B. Male without AED and female AED carrier.

C.Male with AED and homozygous dominant female.

D.Male with AED and homozygous recessive female.

144) Radish plants do not self-pollinate and rely mainly on

insects to transferee pollen from plant to plant. which of the
following structure that Reddish plant can not produce on its
own?
A. Eggs.

B. Flowers.

C.Pollen.

D.Seeds.

145) Hydrothermal vents are found on the ocean floor where

hot rich minerals water escape from cracks in earth crust.
Bacteria near the vents do not require sunlight. Instead, they
get energy by oxidizing hydrogen disulphide. clams, shrimps
and giant tube worms consume these bacteria. These animals
by turn are consumed by large animals. Removing of which of
the following components from hydrothermal vent ecosystem
would most likely cause the greatest limit on ecosystem
productivity?
A. Clamps and shrimps.
B. Hydrogen disulphide.
C.Large animals.
44
 D.Sunlight.

146) Occasionally during meiosis, nondisjunction occurs and

a homologous pair of chromosomes fails to separate. Which
of the following effects could nondisjunction produce?
A. One half of gametes have one more chromosome.
B. All of gametes have one more chromosome than normal.
C.One quarter of gametes have one less chromosome than
normal.
D.All gametes have one less chromosome than normal.

147) Within the system of binomial nomenclature, what

Quercus rubre and Quercus alba represent?
A. 2 genera that are members of same family.
B. 2 genera that are members of same species.
C.2 species that are members of same genus.
D.2 subspecies that are members of same species.

148) How many codominant alleles expressed in a gene?

A. 0
B. 1
C.2
D.3

149) Which type is this muscle?

45
 A. Skeletal
B. Cardiac
C.Nervous
D.Visceral

150) which of the following is not function of the skeletal

system?
A. remove toxins.
B. Production of red blood cells.
C.Storage of calcium.
D.Protection of internal organs.

151) What is the correct order of protein production?

1) Ribosome.
2) Endoplasmic reticulum.
3) Secretory vesicles.
4) Golgi apparatus.

A. 1,2,3,4
B. 2,4,3,1
C.1,2,4,3
46
 D.3,2,4,1

152) If there is a large rodent that is prayed by a jaguar, which

of the following can NEVER be correct?
A. They are in the same population.
B. They are in same community.
C.They are in same ecosystem.
D.They live in same habitat.

153) A bag of 20% sucrose with a permeable membrane was

placed in distilled water for an hour then removed and dried
off. Which of the following is correct about the mass of the bag
before and after it placed in water?
A. Become heavier, because water entered the bag.
B. Become lighter, because water exited the bag.
C.Become heavier, because sucrose exited.
D.Become lighter, because sucrose entered the bag.

154) What is a different between animal and plant cell?

A. Plant cell has centrioles, animal cell has not.
B. Plant cell has cell wall, animal cell does not.
C.Animal cell has mitochondria, plant cell does not.
D.Animal cell has cell membrane, plant cell does not.

155) Which of the following mathematic equation represent

hardy Weinberg equation?
A. P2 + q2 = 1
B. P + q = 1
47
 C.P + 2pq + q = 1
D.2pq = 1

156) Humpack whales are mammals, snakes are reptiles,

and wood storks are Aves. Which of the following
characteristics are common between all of them?
a) They are ectotherm.
b) They have backbone.
c) They have mammary glands.
d) They lay eggs.

157) When the PH decreases, what happens to H+ ions

concentration?
a) It increases, and solution becomes acidic.
b) It increases, and solution become basic.
c) It decreases, and solution become acidic.
d) It decreases, and solution become basic.

158) If a wolf is found in an ecosystem, which of the following

must be true about the biomass of trophic level it feeds on?

a) It must be greater.
b) It must be less
c) It is the same.
d) No relationship.

159) What will happen to frog if python was were removed?

48
 a) It will increase because there is less predation.
b) It will increase because there is more predation.
c) It will decrease, because there is more predation.
d) It will decrease, because there is less predation.

160) Trait e is autosomal recessive. Which of the following

genotypes is a carrier but not affected?
a) Ee
b) ee
c) EE
d) XeY

161) Even through siblings are born from the same parents,
they do not have same DNA, which of the following gives the
correct reason?
a) Their alleles combination is 1 of 2 possibilities.
b) Their allele combination is 1 of many possibilities.
c) They have two copies of DNA.
d) They have four copies of DNA.

162) Why does ice float on their river in winter?

49
 a) Ice expands as it cools, because it has less dense than
water.
b) Ice contracts as it cools. Because it is less dense than
water.
c) Ice expands as it cools, because it denser than water.
d) Ice contracts as it cools, because it is denser than water.

163) Which of the following shows correct order?

a) Producer, herbivores, omnivores.
b) Herbivores, omnivores, producers.
c) Omnivores, herbivores, producers.
d) Producers, omnivores, herbivores.

164) which of the following compares phenotype with

genotype?
a) Bb and BB are genotypes, while black fur and white fur are
phenotypes.
b) black fur and white fur are genotypes, while Bb and BB are
genotypes.
c) genotypes are the physical characteristics.
d) phenotypes refer to alleles.

165) A student hypothesized that red color R is dominant

over white color r. the student made test cross and pink
plants was produced. Was his conclusion correct?
a) Yes, R is dominant over r.
b) Yes, r is recessive for R.
c) No, because the plant shoed incomplete dominance.
50
 d) No, because r is dominant over R.

166) After volcano happened in certain area, most of

organisms disappeared, then lichen begin to appears then
mosses. This process called?
a) Geographical isolation.
b) Ecological succession.
c) Eutrophication.
d) Biological magnification.

167) Which two systems help deliver oxygen to tissues in

the body?
a) Nervous and circulatory system.
b) Digestive and circulatory system.
c) Respiratory and circulatory system.
d) skeletal and circulatory system.

168) Between which two molecules is t RNA adaptor in

protein synthesis?
a) m RNA and DNA in DNA replication.
b) m RNA and amino acids.
c) DNA and amino acids.
d) DNA and r RNA

169) What happened to pyruvic acid in absence of oxygen?

a) Turns to water.
b) Turns to lactic acid.
c) Turns to lipid.
d) Turns to protein.
51
170) Which of the following is correct DNA sample?
sample adenine thiamine guanine cytosine
A 27.5% 22.5% 27.5% 22.5%
B 27.5% 22.5% 22.5% 27.5%
C 22.5% 22.5% 27.5% 27.5%
D 27.5% 27.5% 27.5% 27.5%

a) Sample A
b) Sample B
c) Sample C
d) Sample D

171) What characteristics do Ray-finned fish and

amphibians have in common?
a) Egg with shells.
b) Amniotic egg
c) Vertebrate and bony skeleton.
d) Vertebrates and four limbs.

172) What happened that make an atom positive?

a) gain electron.
b) Lose electron.
52
 c) gain proton.
d) Lose proton.

173) The final hydrogen acceptor in photosynthesis is:

a) Oxygen.
b) Water.
c) Carbon dioxide.
d) Glucose.

174) What make two animals to be different species?

a) They have different niche.
b) They have different structures.
c) They are reproductive isolated.
d) They have different genes.

175) Survival of the fittest in natural selection theory is:

a) Random process because organisms usually genetic
fluctuated.
b) Random process because organisms are not genetic
fluctuated.
c) Non random process, depend on which organisms have
adaptive traits.
d) Non-random, depend on which organisms are stronger.

176) Uray and Miller mixed methane, ammonia, water,

hydrogen under electricity and intensive heat. The product
was:
a) Amino acids.
b) Lipids.
c) Prokaryotic cell.
53
 d) Sugar.

177) Electrons are subatomic particles that are:

a) Negative inside the nucleus.
b) Positive inside the nucleus.
c) Negative outside the nucleus.
d) Positive outside the nucleus.

178)

a) A and B are same species, while B and C are same genus.

b) A and B are same genus, while B and C are same species.
c) D and H are same genus, while G and H are same class.
d) G and D are same genus, while G and H are same class.

179) Which of the following is density independent limiting

factor for population growth?
a) disease
b) Shelter
c) Food
d) Earthquake.

180) Weisman cut rat tails for 22 generations to reject

theory of:
54
 a) Use and disuse.
b) Natural selection.
c) Spontaneous generation.
d) Gradualism.

181)

Which of the following genetic codons translated to

polypeptide chain ser- pro- leu- ala?
a) UCU- CCU- CGU- GGU
b) CCU- GUU-AAU-GAG
c) GUG-GAG-GGU-ACU
d) UCG-CCA-CUU-GCU

182) Which of the following is asexual reproduction?

a) Formation of seeds
b) Fusion between egg and sperm
c) Cutting a part from coniferous tree and let it grow by itself.
d) Ferns make spores

55
183) A human, a spleen, phagocyte. Which of the choices
represents this order?
a) Unicellular organism, a cell type, an organ.
b) Multicellular organism, an organ, a cell type.
c) A unicellular organism, a gene, an organ.
d) A multicellular organism, an organ, an organelle.
184) Which of the following is true for all living organisms?
I. Response to stimuli.
II. Change light energy to chemical energy.
III. Homeostasis.

a) I and II
b) I and III
c) I, II, and III
d) I only

185)

Which biome wit 25 temperature, and 250 annual

precipitations?
a) Grassland.
b) Dessert
56
 c) Tundra
d) Tropical rain forest

186)

Giant panda and lesser panda evolved from their ancestor

from:
a) 100 million years ago.
b) 30 million years ago.
c) 75 million years ago.
d) 80 million years ago

187)

We can conclude from the phylogenetic tree that:

a) A and B diverge before A and E
57
 b) C and D diverge before A and E.
c) A and B diverge after A and E.
d) A and D diverge after A and B.

188) which cell us responsible for sickle cell anaemia?

a) platelets
b) white blood cell
c) red blood cell
d) all of them

189) gastric juice in stomach is:

a) acidic below 7
b) acidic above 7
c) basic below 7
d) basic above 7

190) a group of students want to prove that apple slices

sealed in bag will rot slower than those left in air, which of the
following is a correct way to perform the experiment?
a) 10 slices in a sealed bag at room temperature, 10 slices on
a plate at room temperature.
b) 10 slices in a sealed bag at 0 temprature, 10 slices in a
sealed bag at room temperature.
C) 10 slices in sealed bag at 0 temperature, 10 slices on a
plate at room temperature.
d) 2 slices in a sealed bag at room temperature, 2 slices on a
plate at room temperature.

191) temperature, light, and soil are:

a) biotic limiting factors.
b) abiotic limiting factors.
58
 c) secondary consumers.
d) tertiary consumers.

192) Jon hypothesised that moving of beehive case bee

leaving the hive, the best procedure to test the effect of hive
moving on bee?
a) moving all 10 beehives.
b) not moving all 10 beehives.
c) moving 1 beehive, not moving 1 beehive.
d) moving 10 beehives, not moving 10 beehives.

193) which type of attraction happen between subatomic

particles?
a) attraction between electrons.
b) attraction between protons.
c) attraction between protons and electrons.
d) attraction between protons and neutrons.

194) after action potential, Na_K pump regulate ions through

neuron membrane by:
a) simple diffusion.
b) active transport
c) facilitated transport.
d) osmosis.

195) if the mass of an object is 75.5 and the volume of it is 100.

What is the density of this object?
a) 75.5
b) 7.55
c) 0.755
d) 0.0755
59
 196) lora weighted 5 fruit flies, the average was 0.8, the
weights of them are:
a) 1g, 10g, 20g, 25 g, 30g.
b) 0.2g, 0.4g, 0.8g, 1.2g, 1.4g
c) 0.1g, 0.2g, 0.3g, 0.4g, 0,6g
d) 10g, 20g, 30g, 40g, 50g

197)
Cereal 1 Cereal 2 Cereal 3
carbs 1 5 3
protein 1 3 5
fat 5 1 3
Carbs and protein provide 4 kcal/g. while fat provide 9 kcal/g.
arrange the 3 cells according to energy provided from highest to
lowest:
a) 1, 2,3
b) 1,3,2
c) 3,1,2
d) 2,3,1

198)
We have 3 jars each with meat inside, the jar A is not covered
and is exposed to air and flies, maggots appeared on meat at
end of experiment. Jar was covered from air and flies so no
60
maggots at all appeared. Jar B was covered but had holes that
expose it to air, so no maggots appeared. what can you
conclude?
a) When a jar is exposed to air, maggots do not appear on
meat, and when no air exposed, maggots appeared.
b) When a jar is exposed to flies, maggots appear on meat,
and when no exposed to flies, maggots do not appear on
meat.
c) When a jar exposed to air, maggots appeared. And when
meat not exposed to air, maggots do not appear.
d) When a jar exposed to fly, maggots did not appear. When a
jar did not expose to fly, maggots appeared.

199) which of them is true about viruses?

I. they can not reproduce without a host cell.
II. they made of a cell/ more than cell.
III. they do not carry genetic information.

a) I&II
b) I only
c) I&III
d) III only

200) a neuron at rest has a lower Na+ ions concentration

inside than outside the cell. How does the neuron maintain Na
concentration?
a) osmosis.
b) simple diffusion.
c) active transport.
d) facilitated transport.

61
 201) an enzyme is active at 42 temperature, what happen to
enzyme activity as temp slowly rise from 0 to 60?
a) increase only.
b) decrease only.
c) increase then decrease.
d) decrease then increase.

202) what is an example of low of segregation?

a) homologous chromosomes exchanging genes in anaphase I
b) homologous chromosomes being separated in anaphase I.
C) sister chromatids being separated in anaphase II.
d) sister chromatids exchanging genes in anaphase II.

203) if the cell lost its ability to pump the ions across cell
membrane, solute concentration inside will be greater than
outside. What will be the effect on the transfer of water?
a) move in by osmosis.
b) move in by active transport.
c) move out by osmosis.
d) move out by active transport.

204) protein made to be exported. Which organelle will it go to

first?
a) RER
b) secretory vesicles.
c) ribosomes.
d) Golgi apparatus.

205) genes will most likely be shown together if they are:

a) carried on different chromosomes.
b) are not related.
62
 c) carried at different ends on same chromosome.
d) carried closely on the same chromosome.

206)
Which diagram represents Darwin theory of gradualism?
a) A only.
b) B only.
c) Both of A and B.
d) Neither A or B.

207) what did Watson and Crick discover?

a) DNA is double strand.
b) nitrogenous base’s structure.
c) DNA transformation.
d) gene expression.

208) what are the organic materials in formula of ATP

synthesis?
ATP+H2O→ADP+Pi+ free energy
a) Pi
b) ATP, ADP
c) ATP, Pi

63
 d) ADP, Pi

209) an alligator has 32 chromosomes in somatic cell, what is

the number of chromosomes in gamete?
a) 32
b) 16
c) 62
d) none of above

210) two types of proteins, normal one is connected to gene B

promoter therefore gene B is not expressed. Mutant one is not
connected to gene B therefore gene B is expressed.
Is protein connected to gene B Is it
promoter? expressed?
normal yes no
mutant no yes

This normal protein is:

a) translation activator.
b) translation repressor.
c) transcription activator.
d) transcription repressor.

220) what type of bond between adenine and thymine

nitrogenous bases?

64
 a) Ionic bond
b) Covalent bond
c) Hydrogen bond
d) Peptide bond

221) scientist take cells from patient to know type of infection,

he observed 3 types of cells. Patient cells, fungi cells, and
bacterial cells.
nucleus Cell wall mitochondria
Cell 1
Cell 2
Cell 3

Types of cells respectively:

a) Patient cell, fungi cell, bacteria cell.
b) Fungi cell, patient cell, bacteria cell.
c) Bacteria cell, patient cell, fungi cell.
d) Patient cell, bacteria cell, fungi cell.

222) cell begin meiosis with DNA mass 12 a.u. at end of

meiosis every cell will have DNA with mass:
a) 24
b) 12
c) 6
d) 3

223) in an area, there are dears, along with other animals and
a stream, this is described as:
a) biosphere.
b) ecosystem.
c) community
65
d) population.

224) in every 1 m2, there are 5 dandelions are planted. How

many dandelions in 0,2 hectares? (1 hectare = 10000 m2 )
a) 10
b) 100
c) 1000
d) 10000

225) which photosynthesis process produce oxygen?

a) light dependent reaction.
b) light independent reaction.
c) both
d) neither

226) we have 4 pairs of animals, pair 1 belong to same family.

Pair 2 belong to same order. Pair 3 belong to same class. Pair 4
belong to same genus. Which pair is the most related?
a) pair 1
b) pair 2
c) pair 3
d) pair 4

227) which system responds to internal and external stimuli?

a) nervous.
b) endocrine.
c) skeletal.
d) integumentary.

228) a person ate a piece of wood. Which of following is the

pathway of the food in his body?
66
 a) oesophagus, small intestine, stomach, large intestine.
b) small intestine, oesophagus, stomach, large intestine.
c) oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine.
d) stomach, oesophagus, small intestine, large intestine.

229) which system consists of glands and responsible for

hormone secreting?
a) endocrine.
b) digestive.
c) skeletal
d) circulatory

230) short red (ttRR) flower crossed with heterozygous tall

pink (TtRr). The result is:
a) 9 tall red, 3 short pink, 3 long red, 1 short pink.
b) 3 tall red, 1 short pink.
c) 1 tall pink, 1 tall white, 1 short pink, 1 short white.
d) 1 tall red, 1 tall pink, 1 short red, 1 short pink.

231) a substance needed to pass through the cell membrane.

With which substance should be covered with in order to pass
through it?
a) lipid.
b) protein.
c) carbohydrate.
d) nucleic acid.

232) which of the following is not true?

a) DNA produce RNA.
b) RNA produce protein.
c) DNA produce DNA
67
 d) protein produce DNA

233) two married couple do not show a recessive autosomal

disorder (PUK), but each of them has one parent show the
disorder. What is the probability of their offspring having the
disorder?
a) 0%
b) 25%
c) 50%
d)75%

234) sea otters eat seaweeds, sea orchids eat sea otters. The
true food chain is:
a) sea otters seaweeds sea orchids.
b) seaweeds sea otters sea orchids.
c) sea orchids sea otters seaweeds.
d) sea orchids seaweeds sea otters

235)

The shaded individuals represent an autosomal recessive

disease. Male A and female B had 4 offspring, 1 affected
68
female,2 unaffected male, and 1 affected male. What is the
genotype of both A and B?
a) Female A is homozygous dominant, male B is
heterozygous.
b) Both are heterozygous.
c) Female 3 heterozygous, male B is homozygous dominant.
d) Both are homozygous dominant.

236) when a pathogen invades the body, certain white

blood cells engulf the pathogen. Which of the following
structures allow this process?
a) cilia
b) central vacuole.
c) pseudopods.
d) cell wall.

237) RNA polymerase is similar in most of species

because:
a) they evolved from same ancestor.
b) species has convergent evolution.
c) random similar mutation.
d) none of above.

238) scientists create binomial nomenclature:

a) to have a common name accepted by scientific
community.
b) to have a scientific name accepted by scientific
community.
c) to ensure that each organism has a given name.
d) none of above.

69
 239) a group of insects interbreed with each other. This
group is called:
a) biosphere.
b) ecosystem.
c) community.
d) population.

240) Homo sapiens and Homo habilis belong to same

genus, while Felis catus and Musca domestica belong to
same order. Which is most probably more related to each
other?
a) organisms in same order.
b) organisms in same domain.
c) organisms in same genus.
d) organisms in same kingdoms.

241)

If a and f are structures evolved. What can we conclude from

the phylogenetic tree?
a) They appeared after X and Y diverged.
b) They appeared before X and Y diverged.
c) A and b are correct.
d) None of the above
70
 242) which of the following is asexual reproduction?
a) formation of seeds.
b) fusion between egg and sperm.
c) cutting shoot of coniferous tree and let it grow.
d) making spores by ferns.

243) Urey and Miller mixed methane, ammonia, water, and

hydrogen under electricity and intensive heat. The product was:
a) amino acid.
b) lipid.
c) sugar.
c) cell.

244) A student studying a pond containing soft mud, plants,

water, mosquito, fish, small rocks, dragonflies. Which of the
following is in the community?
a) water
b) dragonflies.
c) soft mud.
d) small rocks.

245) glucose concentration in blood is 10 times higher than in

some cells in the body. Which of the following processes
explain how the glucose move from blood to cells.
a) active transport.
b) facilitated diffusion.
c) osmosis
d) simple diffusion.

71
 246) an enzyme works on molecule X, but not molecule Y
because:
a) its active site fits molecule X but does not fit molecule Y.
b) its allosteric site fits molecule X but does not fit molecule Y.
c) its binding site fits molecule X but does not fit molecule Y.
d) its receptor binding to molecule X but does not bind to
molecule Y.

247) what are two main differences between bacteria and

Protista?
a) Protista can make photosynthesis but bacteria cannot.
b) Protista multicellular but bacteria is unicellular.
c) Protista has nucleus but bacteria has not.
d) Protista has ribosome but bacteria has not.

248) how to know that organism is living.

a) has bilateral symmetry.
b) triploblastic.
c) move.
d) it flees to the sand when touched.

249) a man has dominant trait X whose mother does not have
this trait; he married a woman has not trait X. what percentage
of their children will have the trait?
a) 0%
b) 25%
c) 50%
d) 100%

250) what it the correct matching between organ and function?

a) liver/ red blood cells production.
72
 b) stomach/ produce bile.
c) kidney/ blood filtration.
d) phagocyte/ antibodies production.

251) what is the molecule that consist of one phosphate

group, pentose sugar, one nitrogenous base?
a) amino acid.
b) fatty acid.
c) nucleic acid.
d) nucleotide.

252) a group of scientists found a pathogenic organism cause

depletion in a certain population. The cell has a flagellum in a
stage in its life, chitinous cell wall, and mitochondria. What is
this cell?
a) fungus, because it had a chitinous cell wall.
b) fungus, because it is a pathogenic.
c) animal, because it has mitochondria.
d) animal, because it has flagella.

253) arrange is the pathway of carbon dioxide from leg to lung:

1. heart
2.systematic vein
3. alveoli.
4. pulmonary artery.
5. capillary in leg muscles
a) 1, 2, 4, 3, 5
b) 2, 1, 4, 5, 3
c) 5, 2,1,4, 3
d) 3, 5,1, 4, 2

73
 254) there is a forest destroyed by fire, and the variation
declined in populations. This will cause?
a) less ability to adapt to environmental changes.
b) more ability to adapt to environmental changes.
c) no effect on adaptation.
d) more ability to evolve.

255) Mary uses a metric ruler to measure the length of a leaf.

Which of the following measurement is the correct length of the
leaf?

a) 8 cm
b) 7.5 cm.
c) 7.53 cm.
d) 7.531 cm.

256) what are the components in the drawing is responsible

for?

74
 a) To allow the membrane to be semipermeable.
b) To allow membrane to be nonpermeable.
c) To allow membrane to be completely permeable.
d) To allow membrane pass only water.

257) in DNA molecule, hydrogen bond formed between:

a) sugars
b) phosphate groups
c) nitrogen bases
d) all of them

258) which organ absorbs most nutrients?

a) Oesophagus
b) stomach
c) Large intestine
d) Small intestine.

259)

75
a group of students did an experiment on bacteriophage to test
where the genetic material is located. They made the
experiment on two types of bacteriophages. The first one had
radioactive material on its DNA. And other had radioactive
material on protein coat. They found that the bacteria infected
with viruses’ number 1 became
a) Protein coat
b) DNA
c) DNA and protein coat
d) neither

260) the Remora fish stays under the shark's belly and
catches and excess food that the shark has left behind. Shark
does not benefit or harmed. What type of symbiotic relationship
between them?
a) Mutualism
b) commensalism
c) parasitism
d) none of the above.

261) mark went to camping, and saw animal with hair and lay
egg. And compared to new species that give birth to their
offspring. Which one is monotreme ad which one is placenta?
a) New species is placental because it has hair.
b) New species is placental because it has teeth when young.
c) first species is monotreme because they lay egg, while new
species is placental because they give birth baby.
d) New species is placental because they lay eggs and other
is monotreme because they give birth to their young kids.

262) contractile vacuole exit water out of the Protista cell,

when the medium out of the cell is
a) hypotonic
b) hypertonic
76
 c) isotonic
d) none of the above

263)

The phase above is:

a) metaphase1
b) metaphase 2
c) anaphase 1
d) anaphase 2

264) in which phases does DNA replication occur in:

a) G1
b) S
c) G2
d) M

265)

77
 Which stucture is true named?
a) Structure A
b) Structure B
c) Structure A&B
d) None of them

266)

What type of trait showed in pedigree?

a) Sex linked dominant.
b) Sex linked recessive.
c) Autosomal dominant.
d) Autosomal recessive.

267) water exit our skin through sweating. Which bond will
disrupt while water convert from liquid to gas?
a) Covalent bond.
b) Hydrogen bond.
c) Ionic bond.
d) Vander walls bond.

268) Jenny said that all organic compounds contain carbon,

chlorine, and sodium. Which of the following should be removed
from the statement to be true?
78
 a) carbon only
b) carbon and chlorine.
c) chlorine and sodium.
d) none.

269) energy always lost through food chain trophic levels. Ann
hypothesized that energy lose through faces, while Mark
hypothesized that energy lost through cellular respiration, while
Pavley hypothesized that energy lost through photosynthesis,
and Linda hypothesized that energy lost through digestion.
Which hypothesis is true?
a) Ann hypothesis.
b) Mark hypothesis.
c) Pavley hypothesis.
d) Linda hypothesis.

270) whose circulatory system in chordates?

a) closed circulatory system.
b) opened circulatory system.
c) both of them.
d) none of them.

271) gastric juice in stomach is very acidic, and transport to

intestine. But pancreatic juice that pour in intestine has H2CO2
that neutralize the juice around PH 7.2. so:
a) PH decrease and hydrogen ion decrease.
b) PH increase and hydrogen ion increase.
c) PH increase and hydrogen ion decrease.
d) PH decrease and hydrogen ion increase.

272) plant cell, bacteria cell, fungi cell are same in having --------
-, but different in --------.
a) Chloroplast, shape.
b) Nucleus, shape.
79
 c) Cell wall, shape.
d) Lysosome, shape.

273) what subatomic particles that locate inside the nucleus of

atom?
a) Electron.
b) Proton and neutron.
c) Proton and electron.
d) Neutron and electron.

274) organism A & B evolved from same ancestor. Organisms

C & D have same structures. Organisms E & F live in same
habitat. organisms G & H can interbreed. Whose organisms are
same species?
a) A&B
b) C&D
c) E&F
d) G&H

275) choose the correct order from the simplest to the more
complex structure:
a) Amino acids, polypeptides, proteins.
b) Polypeptides, proteins, amino acids.
c) Polypeptides, amino acids, proteins.

d) Proteins, polypeptides, amino acids.

276) if 1 kg = 2.2 pounds. So 700 kg = how many pounds?

a) 3.4
80
 b) .003
c) 1,540
d) 0.45

277)

The infected dogs in group A is 10%. And the infected dogs in

group B is 50%. How many infected in both groups?
a) 30
b) 40
c) 60
d) 70

278) 4 genes are put under condition N then under condition M.

condition Gene 1 Gene 2 Gene 3 Gene 4
m RNA M 1 1 3 4
m RNA N 3 1 2 4
protein M 1 1 3 5
protein N 3 2 3 1
Which gene less translated under N than M conditions?
a) Gene 1
b) Gene 2
81
 c) Gene 3
d) Gene 4

279) following table represent the number of each organism in a

pond:

amoeba 15
fungi 13
algae 23
total 51

What is the percentage of amoeba?

a)54%
b) 22%
c) 15%
d)29%

280) why cow can digest cellulose, while human cannot?

a) Cow has more complex digestive system than human.
b) Cow has bacteria that digest cellulose while human not.
c) Cow herbivore, while human is carnivore.
d) Cow has trypsin enzyme, while human has not.

281) if a parent with genotype ffGg. The alleles combination in

gametes will be:
a) ff, Gg
b) fG, fg
c) ffGg, ffGg
d) all the above.

282) what would be change if evolution occur?

82
 a) population size
b) allele frequency.
c) type of species.
d) habitat that organisms live in.

283) organism A and organism B were same species. Then

isolated and become different species. Why this happened?
a) A very little gene flow.
b) Organism A stayed the same.
c) Organism B stayed the same.
d) They cannot interbreed.

284) in nests of some birds, if eggs hatched little bird from

different species. They mother bird through it away from its
babies. This behaviour is:
a) learned, because its experience.
b) learned, it does it out of experience.
c) fixed action pattern, because its innate.
d) fixed action pattern because of its experience.

285) Malak wants to know the effect of fertilizer on plant. She

put 10 plants in dark with no fertilizer, and 10 plants in light with
fertilizer. Is this this experiment method true?
a) yes, because she put group of plants in light, and other group
in dark.
b) yes, because she added fertilizer to group of plants, and did
not add other group.
c) no, because she should put all plants in dark, or all in light.
d) no, because she should add fertilizer to all plants.

286) mouse in maze try to arrive to end point after go from the
start point. which things must be not be changed to arrive in
shorter time next times?
83
 a) start point.
b) end point
c) the track.
d) all of the above.

287) what contribute the most biomass in grassland

ecosystem?
a) Producer.
b) Primary consumer.
c) Secondary consumer.
d) Tertiary consumer.

288) which of the following tissue lining the lung?

a)

b)

c)

d)
84
 289) which of the following statements about cell structure is not
correct?
A)Plant cells have cell wall, whereas animal cells do not.
B)Ribosomes are the main sites of energy production for all
cells.
C) Plant cells have chloroplast whereases animal cells do
not.
D) Lysosomes function in the digestion of cellular waste
products.

290) which of the following about meiosis is correct?

A)The result of meiosis is zygote.
B)Only somatic cells undergo meiosis.
C) Meiosis result in genetic variation among gamete
production.
D) Meiosis produces four cells identical to the mother cell.

291) an organism with diploid number of chromosomes equal to

44 would normally:
A)Produce two gametes with 44 chromosomes each during
meiosis.
B)Produce four gametes with 44 chromosomes each during
meiosis.
C) Produce two gametes with 22 chromosomes each
during meiosis.
D) Produce four gametes with 22 chromosomes each
during meiosis.

292) which of the following is true about enzymes?

85
 A)They always work alone.
B)They always consumed in reaction.
C) They formed from amino acids polymers.
D) They always require coenzymes.

293) which of the following tissues contains the highest number

of mitochondria?
A) nervous.
B) Skin.
C) Connective.
D) Muscle.

294) genes will most assort independently if each other carried

on:
A)Y chromosomes.
B)X chromosomes.
C) Linked chromosomes.
D) Homologous chromosomes.

295) the misuse of antibiotics contributes to spread of resistant

strains of bacteria, because of:
A)The transfer of nuclei from bacteria to another bacteria.
B)Transferer of nuclei from virus to bacteria.
C) Decrease of frequency of antibiotic resistance genes in
population of bacteria.
D) Increase of frequency of antibiotic resistance genes in
population of bacteria.

86
 296) which of the following describe the fundamental
characteristic of all living organisms?
A)Genetic mutation arises in response to environmental
changes.
B)Inheritance of traits based on universal genetic code.
C) All organisms can be identified by microscopic cellular
examination.
D) Cells are interchangeable between members of same
species

297) an organism classified as one of animal kingdom that has

neither radial nor bilateral symmetry, and lack tissues. This
organism might be:
A) jelly fish.
B) lobster.
C) sponge.
D) sea urchin.

298) codominant is:

A) heterozygous showing 2 traits of 2 different alleles.
B) heterozygous showing 1 trait of 2 different alleles.
C) homozygous showing 2 traits of same alleles.
D) homozygous showing 1 trait of two different alleles.

299) Echidna is mammal that lays eggs, has hair, and feed
their baby by milk from mammary glands. This mammal is:
A) placental
B) monotreme
C) marsepial
D) non of the above.

87
300) Enzymes …
A) increase activation energy and decrease rate of reaction.
B) decrease activation energy and increase rate of reaction.
C) increase activation energy and increase rate of reaction.
D) decrease activation energy and decrease rate of reaction.

301) to detect the osmosis effect on animal cell. We put:

A) 10 animal cells in saline at 15C and 10 animal cells in
distilled water at 15C.
B) 10 animal cells in saline at 15C, and 30 animal cells in
saline at 15C.
C) 10 animal cells in saline at 15C, and 10 plant cells in
distilled water at 15C.
D) 10 animal cells in saline at 15C, and 10 plant cells in
saline at 15c.

302) which of the following system consist of glands that

secrete hormones?
A) digesion.
B) endocrine.
C) skeletal.
D) circulatory.

303) which of the following is true?

A) r RNA forms amino acids.
B) r RNA forms DNA.
C) polypeptides form amino acids.
D) amino acids form polypeptide.

88
 304) the ovum moves through the fallopian tube by the help
of cells lining the fallopian tube. These cells must have which
of the following structure to perform this action?
A) pseudopods.
B) flagella.
C) macrophages.
D) cilia.

305) a plant has either green or brown stems. Brown stem is

dominant over green stem. If two plans were crossed
resulting in offspring ratio of 53% brown stem, and 47%
green stem. which of the followinf will be the expected
genotype of the parents?
A) one hetrozygous brown(Hh), and one homozygous
green(hh).
B) one hetrozygous brown(Hh), and one homozygous
brown(HH).
C) two homozygous green(hh).
D) two homozygous brown(HH).

306)
whale Star fish crab trout emu krill shrimp
Method of swimming crowling walking swimming walking crawling krawling
transportation
type of endoskeleton Hydrostatic exoskeleton endoskeleton endoskeleton exoskeleton exoskeleton
skeleton skeleton
Structure of lungs Simple gills gills lungs gills gills
breathing diffusion
directly
from water

Which of the follwoing organisms are more closely related?

A)Whale, star fish, and trout.
B)Whale, crab, and krill.
C) Whale, trout, and emu.
D) Tout, crab, and emu.

89
307) according to the table, which graph represent the rate of
growth of banana tree?
hours Lenghth in cm
1 0.2
2 0.3
3 0.4
4 0.4
5 0.4

308) a cell replication cycle stops after 5 hours. A scientist tried

to detect the mass of cells and illustrated the below graph. Is
this graph correct?

90
A)Yes, as it represent the increase in mass of the cells along
cycle.
B)No, as the cell shoud stop repliction after 5 hours.
C) No, as should it be plateaue at the beginning and increase
exponentially.
D) It can not be determined from the data given.

309)
This graph describe the change in number of mammals from
2017 to 2022 in an ecosystem.

Which of the following is the greatest decrease in number of

organisms?
A)Whales from 2020 to 2021
B)Bears from 2017 to 2018
C) Dolphins from 2018 to 2019
D) Whales from 2019 to 2020

91
310) carotene pigment ….
A) absorb blue green light but does not absorb yellow orange
light.
B) absorb yellow orange light but does not absorb blue green
light.
C) does not absorb any wave lenghh.
D) absorb all light wave length.

311) how many alleles are involved in trait expressed by

codominant inheritance?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

312) a cell with chromosome mass 44 pg in nucleus during

prophase 1 of meiosis 1. What is the mass of chromosomes in
haploid gamete?
A) 11
B) 22
C) 44
D) 88

313) what is the best describe of meiosis?

A) 1 round of cell division results in 2 haploid cells.
B) 1 round of cell division results in 4 diploid cells.
C) 2 round of cell divisions result in 2 haploid cells.
D) 2 round of cell divisions result in 4 haploid cells.

314) how the cell in one organism can diffrentiate in function

and structure?
A) they have different genes.
92
B) they have same genes, but certain genes are expressed.
C) the have different organelles.
D) they have different enzymes.

315) some molecules pass through the cell membrane against

concentration gradient. This type of transport called?
A) simple diffusion.
B) osmosis.
C) active transport.
D) facilitated diffusion.

316) space between neurons is called?

A) sarcomere.
B) denderites.
C) synapse
D) terminals.

317) in which phase of meiosis is the centromere split and

chromatids separated?
A) anaphase1
B) anaphase2
C) metaphase1
D) metaphase2

318) what is the function of white blood cells?

A) carry oxygen.
B) carry carbon dioxide.
C) detoxify blood.
D) fight infictions.

319) all populations in area interact with each other is called:

A) ecosystem.
93
B) biome.
C) community.
D) biosphere.

320) DNA mass in daughter cell resulted from meiosis

compared to mother cell. Is :
A) the same.
B) divided by 2
C) divided by 4
D) doubled

321) number of chromosomes in gamete compared to mother

cell, is:
A) the same.
B) divided by 2
C) divided by 4
D) doubled.

322) short microtubules found in paramecium in great

numbers:
A) flagella
B) cilia
C) sarcomere
D) myosin

323) the macromolecule that is the building block of cell

membrane:
A) protein
B) lipid.
C) carbohydrate.
D) nucleic acid.

94
323) small bilateral symmetric and segmented animal with
chitinous exoskeleton and joined appendage:
A) chordate
B) profira
C) arthropods
D) nematodes

324) which of the following statements about meiosis is

correct?
A) the result of meiosis is a zygot.
B) somatic cells undergo meiosis.
C) meiosis result in genetic variation among gamete
production.
D) the product of meiosis are always four cells identical to the
parent cell.

325) humpback whales are mammals, snakes are reptiles,

blue jay are Aves. Which of the following characteristics are
common between them?
A) they are ectothermic.
B) they have backbone.
C) they have teeth.
D) they lay eggs.

95
326)

What happen to zooplankton if unicornfish extincted?

A)It will decrease due to less predation.
B)It will increase due to less predation.
C) It will decrease due to more predation.
D) It will increase due to more predation.

327) why does ice float on river?

A) ice expands as it cools, because it is less dense than water.
B) ice contracts as it cools, because it is less dense than
water.
C) ice expands as it cools, because it denser than water.
D) ice contracts as it cools, because it is denser than water.

328) which of the following compare phenotype with genotype?

A) Bb, BB are genotypes, while black fur and white fur are
phenotypes.
B) black fur and white fur are genotypes, while BB, Bb are
phenotypes,
C) genotypes are the physical characteristics.
D) phenotypes refer to alleles.

329) survival of the fittest in natural selection theory is:

96
A) random process because organisms usually genetic
fluctuated.
B) random process because organisms are not genetic
fluctuated.
C) non-random process, depend on which organism have
adaptive traits.
D) non-random process, depend on which organisms are
stronger.

330) which of the following figures represent the step where

non disjunction may occur?

331) a group of insects interbreed with each other. This is

called?
A) biosphere.
B) ecosystem.
C) community.
97
D) population.

332) which of the following pyramid represent the biomass in

food chain?

333) which compound is released during a dehydration

reaction?
A) CO2
B) H2O
C) CH4
D) C6H12O6

334) which of the following is an example of enzyme cofactor?

A) vitamin D
B) iron
C) ATP
D) ADP

335) what is the name of membranous disk structures stacked

on top of each other, and found in plastid?
98
A) stroma
B) cristae
C) grana
D) matrix

336) which of the following considered an accessory organ in

digestive system?
A) pancreas
B) stomach
C) colon
D) small intestine.

337) which of the following figure represent the non-disjunction

process?

A)

B)

C)

99
D)

338) we shall consider the theory of endosymbiosis to be true

because mitochondria and chloroplast have their own:
A) ATP
B) DNA
C) protein
D) starch

339) phagocytes and lymphocytes are types of:

A) red blood cells
B) white blood cells
C) platelets
D) plasma

340) what is the scientific meaning of biological evolution?

A) the development of an organism during its life time
B) the change in inherited traits over successive generations in
population.
C) the increasing of concentration of harmful chemicals in each
trophic level.
D) the use of living organisms to control pets.

100
 The New questions in February trail 2023
341) this diagram shows the evolutionary relationships among
some species based on homologous structures:

Which statement is supported by this cladogram?

A)Hippopotamuses are more closely related to cows than to
javelinas.
B)Toothed whales are more closely related to mouse deer
than to hippopotamuses.
C) Javelinas and pigs are more closely related than
baleen whales and toothed whales.
D) Cows and mouse deer are more closely related than
javelins and pigs.

342) father with blood group A and mother with blood group O
have a child with blood group O, child have O allele from:
A) his mother
B) his father

101
C) from both
D) none of the above

343) r bacteria strain is harmless, but s Bactria strain is

harmful. When s strain was killed by heat and mixed with r
strain, it made r stain harmful. Why?
A) protein transferred from s to r strain.
B) membrane bounded organelles transferred from s to r stain.
C) nucleus transferred from s to r strain.
D) genetic material transferred from s to r stain.

344) tissue that line stomach:

A) epidermis
B) epithelial
C) skeletal
D) cardiac

345) membrane of mitochondria is highly folded. Which of the

following product affected?
A) increase the surface area over which ADP production may
occur.
B) decrease the surface area over which ADP product may
occur.
C) increase the surface area over which the ATP production
may occur.

102
D) decrease the surface area over which ATP production may
occur.

346) in woodland habitats, dark shelled snails have greater

Darwin fitness than yellow shelled snails. Which of the
following observations best support the statement? Compared
to yellow shelled snails, dark shelled snails:
A) live longer
B) produce larger offspring.
C) use natural resources more efficiently.
D) have greater numbers of viable offspring that survive to
reproduce.

347) which of the following distinguish between amoeba cell

and any other cell? That the amoeba cell
A) have a cell wall
B) have a contractile vacuole.
C) have mitochondria
D) have ribosome

348) all living organism are able to perform which of the

following functions?
I. convert light energy into chemical energy.
II. maintain homeostasis.
III respond to stimuli.
A)I only.
103
 B) I and II only.
C) II and III only.
D) I, II, and III only.

349) while traveling on HMS Beagle, Charles Darwin made

observations that would later provide information about:
A) evidence that earth is less than 20,000 years old.
B) an original system of classified plants and animals that is
still used to day.
C) direct biochemical evidence that genes are passed from
parents to offspring.
D) information regarding the geographical distribution of
organisms.

350) this graph represents the number counted for individuals

of native ground beetle species and the number of individuals
of population of invasive ground beetles found in the same 100
m3 of land, the resulting data are shown in the graph:

104
Based on the graph, over the 15 years predict the population of
the native ground species:
A) increase, and the population of the invasive ground beetle
species increased.
B) decrease, and the population of invasive ground beetle
species decreased.
C) Decreased, and the population of invasive ground
beetle species increased.
D) Increased, and the population of invasive ground
beetle species decreased.

351) dorsal lines of dolphins and sharks appear similar in

shape. Does this type of similarity indicate that the 2 species
came from same common ancestor?
A) no, they may evolve independently in dolphin and shark
because the exist in same environment.
B) no, they differently shaped dorsal lines would indicate the 2
species inherited the lines from a common ancestor.
C) yes, their similarity in structure indicates the two species
have a common ancestor.
D) yes, the two species that exist in similar environment must
have inherited the trait from a common ancestor.

352) what must occur for two species to be considered

different species?
I. they should be geographically isolated.
II. they should be reproductively isolated.
III. They should share same ecological niche.
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 A) I only.
B) II only.
C) I and II only.
D) I, II, III

The new questions in April trial 2023

353) the trait in Darwin theory of natural selection must be
a) dominant
b) recessive
c) non heritable
d) heritable

354) which of the following process need ATP?

I) contraction of cardiac muscle.
II) movement of molecules against concentration gradient.
III) CO2 fixation.
IV) O2 and CO2 diffusion through alveoli.
a) I only.
b) I, and II.
c) I, II, and III
d) I, II, III, and IV.

355) suppose that scientists determined 75% of polar bear

dens were dug on floating sea ice from 1986 to 1994. 55% of
polar bear dens were dug on floating sea ice from 1995 to
2003. and 37% 0f polar bears were dug on floating sea ice
from 2004 to 2012. The rest of the dens were dug in ice on
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land. If this trend were to continue, the percent of polar dens
dug on ice on land from 2013 to 2021 would most likely be:
a) Less than 25%
b) Between 45% and 65%.
c) Between 25% and 65%.
d) Greater than 65%.

356) what is true about aerobic respiration and

photosynthesis?
a) oxygen is a reactant in aerobic respiration, and CO2 is a
product. While in photosynthesis, oxygen is a product and CO2
is a reactant.
b) oxygen is product in aerobic respiration, while CO2 is
reactant. While in photosynthesis, oxygen is reactant and CO2
is product.
c) no oxygen in photosynthesis, because it produces CO2.
d) no CO2 in aerobic respiration, because it produces O2.

357) there is a plant in normal environment. And this plant

watered by normal water. Then we started to water it by salt
water. After one week, what did turgid pressure in plant cells
more likely to be lower or higher?
a) turgid pressure will be higher because the plant cell will
experience a net gain of water.
b) turgid pressure will be lower because the plant will
experience a net loss of water.
c) turgid pressure will be higher because the plant will
experience a net loss of water.
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d) turgid pressure will be lower because the plant will
experience a net gain of water.

357) herbivores can digest cellulose, while other animals

cannot. Why?
a) some viruses present in herbivore digestive tract.
b) some bacteria present in herbivore digestive tract.
c) herbivore eat cellulose that is already decomposed.
d) herbivore eat cellulose in small amount.

358) according to the 4 classifications of plants. What will help

to determine what type of plant it is?
I) cell wall
II) flowers.
III) seeds
a) I only.
b) I and II.
c) II and III.
d) I, II, and III.

359) lymphocytes and phagocytes are types of:

a) red blood cells.
b) white blood cells.
c) nerve cells.
d) reproductive cells.

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360) according to the table. Which graph represent the growth
of banana tree?
hours Length in cm
1 0.2
2 0.3
3 0.4
4 0.2
5 0.3

a)

b)

c)

d)

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361) dandelion’s pollination is done by wind. What advantage
does pollination by wind have on dandelion plant?
a) it has no advantage.
b) it colonizes habitats near the plant.
c) it colonizes habitats away from plants.
d) it makes plant grow faster.

362) The growth rate of different species of plant are

meagured every 5 days. And scientists picked up the slowest.
According to the graph. Which plat had the slowest growth
rate?

a) E. urophylla
b) A. mangium.
c) S. superba.
d) M. macclurei.

110
363) what is the type of blood circulation for vertebrates?
a) opened, blood is not confined to heart.
b) opened, blood enters body cavities without vessels.
c) closed, blood is confined to heart.
d) closed, blood enters body cavities with vessels.

364) two groups (A and B) of a population became

geographically isolated and became different species. What is
most likely correct?
I) population A did not evolve.
II) population B did not evolve.
III) there was no or little gene flow.
IV) they evolved diversly.
A)I only.
B)I and II.
C) I, II, and IV.
D) III, and IV.

365) once cuckoo eggs are placed into the host nest and they
hatch, they will push the other species eggs out of the nest
with their backs. This behaviour is:
a) learned.
b) innate.
c) insight.
d) altruism.

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366) according to Mendel’s law of segregation. If 2
heterozygous parents are having a child. What cause
probability it will be a homozygous recessive?
a) alleles will get separated during meiosis.
b) alleles will get separated during mitosis.
c) alleles will stick to each other during meiosis.
d) alleles will stick to each other during mitosis.

367)largemouth bass live on bluegills, and bluegills live on

dragonfly larvae. Which of the following is the best explanation
how removing of Dragonfly larvae could have indirectly cause
the number of largemouth bass to decrease
a) removing of largemouth bass’s prey resulted in decrease the
number of bluegills leaving less food for dragonfly larvae.
b) removing of bluegills’ prey resulted in decrease the number
of bluegills leaving less food for largemouth bass.
c) removing of large mouth’s prey resulted in decrease the
number of bluegills leaving less food for bluegills.
d) removing of dragonfly’s larvae prey resulted in decrease the
number of bluegills leaving less food for largemouth bass.

368) which of the following is a biotic factor that could limit the
growth of certain population in deep sea?
a) temperature.
d) oxygen.
c) sun light.
d) phytoplankton.
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369) what is a difference between birds and mammals?
a) birds are ectotherm while mammals are endotherm.
b) birds are exoskeleton while mammals are endo skeleton.
c) birds lactate its babies, while mammals do not.
d) birds lay eggs, while mammals birth baby.

370) 6 groups of plans watered with same amounts of water,

germinated with same numbers of seeds under same
temperature. But 3 groups placed in dark, and 3 placed in
direct light. The groups placed in direct light most likely have?
a) more CO2 due to respiration.
b) more CO2 due to photosynthesis.
c) more O2 due to respiration.
d) more O2 due to photosynthesis.

371) in humans, there is a disease result from a mutation in a

single gene. This mutation is an autosomal recessive. The
individual with disease must be homozygous or heterozygous
for the mutant allele?
a) heterozygous, because diseased individual must have one
copy of mutant alle.
b) heterozygous, because diseased individual must have two
copies of mutant alle.
c) homozygous, because diseased individual must have two
copies of mutant alle.
d) homozygous, because diseased individual must have one
copy of mutant alle.
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372) which of the following group of organisms typically
contributed the most biomass of grassland ecosystem?
a) producers.
b) herbivore.
c) carnivore.
d) omnivore.

373) a scientist made an experiment to know the effect of

percentage of salinity in water on metabolic rate of clownfish.
What is the correct procedure?
a) put 10 clownfish in fresh water at 15 C, and 10 clownfish in
salt water at 30 C.
b) put 10 clownfish in fresh water at 15 C, and 10 clownfish in
fresh water at 30 C.
c) put 10 clownfish in fresh water at 15 C, and 10 clownfish in
salt water at 15 C.
d) put 10 clownfish in fresh water at 30 C, and 10 clownfish in
salt water at 15 C.

374) electron microscope damaged Golgi apparatus. What will

happen?
a) protein produced will not secreted.
b) no protein will produce
c) no cellular respiration occur.
d) no photosynthesis will occur.

114
375) what is a difference between bacteria and Protista?
a) bacteria has cell wall, while Protista has not.
b) bacteria has ribosome, while Protista has not.
c) Protista has chromosomes, while bacteria has not.
d) Protista has nucleus, while bacteria has not.

376) which of the following describe the primary function of

skin?
a) filter blood.
b) detoxify blood.
c) a barrier against infectious agents.
d) produce bile salt.

377) grass �
dog� lion �
Which of the following statements is true about the percentage
of energy from herbivore to lion?
_ Tanya said that the percentage of energy taken by herbivore
from plant to lion is partially depend on amount of energy lost
by respiration.
_ Jenny said that the percentage of energy taken by herbivore
from plant to lion depend on amount of energy lost as
undigested materials in animal faeces.
a) Tanya is true. About 10% of energy lost by respiration.
b) Tanya is true. About 90% of energy lost by respiration.
c) Jenny is true. About 50% of energy lost by faeces.
d) Jenny is true. About 90% of energy lost by faeces.
115
378) is a typical male can be heterozygous for a recessive sex-
linked disease?
a) no, to be heterozygous, you must have 2 copies of same
allele and a male carry only one copy of X chromosome.
b) no, to be heterozygous, you must have 2 copies of different
allele and a male carry only one copy of X chromosome.
c) yes, to be heterozygous, you must have 2 copies of different
alleles and a male carry two copies of X chromosomes.
d) yes, to be heterozygous, you must have 2 copies of same
allele and a male carry two copies of X chromosomes.

379) from the following genetic codon chart, which amino acid
translated from mRNA codon CUA

116
a) Alanine
b) Proline
c) Glycine
d) Leucine

380) a scientist observes an organism has exoskeleton

and joined appendage. Which animal phylum does the
organism belongs to?
a) nematodes
b) cnidarian
c) Echinodermata
d) arthropods

381) which of the following best describe the ecological

community?
a) a group of populations of different species that occupy
the same geographical region.
b) a group of populations of same species that occupy the
same geographical region.
c) biotic and abiotic factors that occupy the same
geographical region.
d) only abiotic factors that occupy the same geographical
region.

382) which of the following cellular structure does the

protein synthesis occur in?
a) mitochondria.
b) chloroplast.
c) Golgi apparatus.
d) ribosome.

117
383) which of the following structures maintain the plant
cell shape?
a) cell membrane.
b) cell wall.
c) cytoplasm.
d) nucleus.

384) which type of molecule composed of 5 carbon

sugar(pentose), one phosphate group, and one
nitrogenous base?
a) nucleic acid
b) amino acid
c) nucleotide
d) polypeptide

385) what did Watson and Crick determine about DNA?

a) number of genes it carries.
b) number of introns.
c) nucleotide sequence
d) DNA has double helix structure connected by paired
bases.

386) which of the following statement describe the

difference between bacteria and virus?
a) bacteria have genetic material, but virus has not.
b) bacteria can be pathogenic, but virus cannot.
c) virus is acellular, but bacteria aren’t.
d) virus can transfer between infected individuals, but
bacteria cannot.

387) enzyme X work on reaction of breaking down H2O2 to

H2O and O2. What of the function of enzyme X?
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a) it increases the activation energy.
b) it lowers the activation energy.
c) it increases the time of reaction.
d) it changes the type of products.

388) which of the following describe the recessive trait?

a) it is less common.
b) it is more common.
c) its phenotype cannot be expressed in heterozygous
individuals.
d) its phenotype can be expressed in heterozygous
individuals.

389)

Which of the following share same common ancestor?

a) A and B
b) A and C
c) A, B, and C.
d) None of them.

119
390) what most probably the type of inheritance in the following
pedigree?

a) Autosomal recessive.
b) Autosomal dominant.
c) Sex inked recessive.
d) Sex linked dominant.

391) two students conducted an experiment to determine what

happens mostly to the energy transferred from each
consecutive trophic level. Which of the following conclusions
represented by the student is correct?
a) student A suggest that most energy is lost during cellular
respiration.
b) student B suggest that most energy is lost through animal
faeces.
c) both students have correct conclusions.
d) neither student have correct conclusions.

120
 The new questions in June trial 2023

392) seven species of Anolis lizards successfully coexist in the same

habitat, and feed on insects and other arthropods. Which of the
following statements best explain their ability to coexist in the same
habitat?
a) the species have different reproductive cycles.
b) individuals fail to identify others as belonging to different species.
c) high levels of competition exist between members of the 7 species.
d) each species occupies a distinct niche.

393) if gametes are produced in an organism by meiosis, which of

these graphs explains non disjunction?

121
394) which of the following statements is true about fossils
and rocks that fossils are found in?
a) all fossils are older than the layers they found in.
b) all fossils are younger than the layers they found in.
c) older fossils are found in deeper layers of rocks, and
younger fossils are found in new layers of rocks.
d) younger fossils are found deeper layers of rocks, and
older fossils are found in new rock layers.

395)

The codon CCA code for Proline amino acid. Which of the
followings if change will produce different amino acid than
Proline?
122
 a) First position, codon must start with C to make proline.
b) First position, codon must start with G to make proline.
c) Third position, codon must start with C to make proline.
d) Third position, codon must start with G to make proline.

396) a scientist extracts a fungi cell from a patient skin. How

the scientist can distinguish between fungi cell and skin cell?
a) skin cell has nucleus, while fungi cell has not.
b) skin cell has cell wall, while fungi cell has not.
c) fungi cell has nucleus, while skin cell has not.
d) fungi cell has cell wall, while skin cell has not.

397) why skin cell is different from muscle cell in same

individual structurally and functionally?
a) skin cell and muscle cell have different genes.
b) skin cell and muscle cell have same genes but different in
gene expression.
c) skin cell and muscle cell have different organelles.
d) skin cell and muscle cell have different types of ribosomes.

398) after a forest has been destroyed by fire, the population pf

plants consisted of small plants and mosses. Why tall trees are
not a part of the plant population?
a) small plant and mosses evolved from trees.
b) trees evolved from small plants and mosses.

123
C) trees are better in adapting the biotic and abiotic factors in
environment post fire.
d) small plants and mosses are better in adapting the biotic
and abiotic factors in environment post fire.

399) DDT is an insecticide used to get rid of insects related

diseases in 1890. At first exposure, 99% of insects are died,
leaving only 1% of populations. What will happen during next
exposure to DDT?
a) less than 1% will survive, due to decrease frequency of
mutant resistant allele.
b) less than 1% will survive due to increase frequency of
mutant resistant alleles.
c) more than 1% will survive because decrease frequency of
mutant resistant alleles.
d) more than 1% will survive due to increase the frequency of
mutant resistant allele.

400)in a plant, tall T is dominant over short plant t, while red R

is incomplete dominant with white r. what is the percentage of
crossing heterozygous tall pink with short white plant?
a) 100% heterozygous tall, pink.
b) 50% heterozygous tall pink, 50% short white.
c) 1005 short white.
d) 1 heterozygous tall pink, 1 heterozygous tall white, 1 short
pink, 1 short white.

124
401) a beekeeper noticed one day that the bees in his
beehives ran away, he thinks the reason is that he moves the
beehives constantly. Which of these procedures could
determine why did the bees escape?
a) move 10 beehives constantly.
b) not moving any beehives.
c) closing the door of beehives.
d) moving 10 beehives constantly, and keeping 10 beehives in
their place without moving.

402) Hungiton disease is an autosomal dominant, what it the

ration in offspring if undiseased female married a heterozygous
diseased male?
a) 100% heterozygous diseased.
b) 25% undiseased, 75% heterozygous disesed.
c) 50% heterozygous diseased, 50% undiseased.
d) 100% undiseased.

403)
Organism X
sea urchins

sea weeds

125
sea urchins feed on sea weeds, and organism X feed on
both sea urchins and sea weeds. Wich of the following
pyramids represent the energy follow?

404) two populations of same species are separated by

canyon, and no organism move between two populations.
These two populations will be:
a) similar, because no organisms moved between two
population.
b) dissimilar, because no organisms moved between two
population.

126
 c) similar, because organisms moved between two
population.
d) dissimilar, because organisms moved between two
population.

405)

DNA RNA Protein

What of the following choices in not correct?

a) DNA replicate to DNA.
b) DNA transcript to RNA.
c) RNA translates to protein.
d) Protein translates to RNA.

406) which of the following describe commensalism between

two organisms?
a) both organisms benefit.
b) one organism benefits, other organism harmed.
c) one organism benefit, other not benefit or harmed.
d) both organisms harmed.

407) white blood cell engulfs microbes by:

a) flagella.
b) cilia.
127
c) central vacuole.
d) pseudopods.

408) which system can detect internal and external stimuli?

a) circulatory system.
b) digestive system.
c) endocrine system.
d) nervous system.

409) which gland regulate the blood glucose level in blood by

insulin secretion?
a) liver.
b) kidney.
d) gall blader.
c) pancreas.

410) energy enters the ecosystem as light energy, then:

a) converted as chemical energy by autotrophs then leaves the
ecosystem as thermal energy.
b) converted as chemical energy by heterotrophs then leaves
the ecosystem as thermal energy.
c) converted as thermal energy by autotrophs then leaves the
ecosystem as chemical energy.
d) converted as thermal energy by heterotrophs then leaves
the ecosystem as chemical energy.
128
411)

A B

C D

129
412) a person ate chocolate, which of the following is the
pathway of food in his body?
I) small intestine
II) stomach
IV) large intestine
V) oesophagus

a) I, II, IV.III.
b) I, II, III, IV.
c) V, II, I, IV.
d) V, IV, I, II.

413) which evidence that guanine nitrogenous base is

connected to cytosine, but not connected to adenine or
thiamine?
a) the percentage of guanine is equal to thiamine.
b) the percentage of guanine is equal to adenine.
c) the percentage of guanine is equal to cytosine.
d) the percentage of guanine it different from all nitrogenous
bases.

414) most ATP produced through aerobic respiration, released

from:
a) Krebs cycle and glycolysis.
b) fermentation and glycolysis.
c) electron transport chain and glycolysis.
130
d) fermentation and Krebs cycle.

415) which of the following choices is a difference between

aerobic respiration and photosynthesis?
a) aerobic respiration release carbohydrate, while
photosynthesis use carbohydrate.
b) photosynthesis release carbohydrate, while aerobic
respiration use carbohydrate.
c) aerobic respiration release oxygen, while photosynthesis
use oxygen.
D) photosynthesis release carbon dioxide, while aerobic
respiration use carbon dioxide.

416)
nucleus Cell wall mitochondria
Cell 1
Cell 2
Cell 3

Which of these cells is prokaryotic cell?

a) Cell 1 because it has no cell wall.
b) Cell 2 because it has no nucleus or mitochondria.
c) Cell 1 because it has nucleus and mitochondria.
d) Cell 2 because it has cell wall.

417) a scientist used 3 test tubes each filled with 10 gm starch

under same temperature and same salt concentration, then he
added in each tube 10% amylase enzyme solution. After 30
131
minutes he removed the first tube, after 5 minutes more, he
removed the second tube, after 5 minutes more he removed
third tube, to determine the enzyme activity. What is the
dependent variable in the experiment?
a) temperature.
b) enzyme concentration
c) salinity
d) enzyme activity.

418)
patient Blood pressure
A 140/ 80
B 130/ 80
C 120/80
D 100/ 70

a doctor measures the blood pressure for 4 patients. The

normal blood pressure is 120/ 80. Which patient has blood
pressure under normal?
a) Patient A
b) Patient B
c) Patient C
d) Patient D

419) DDT is an insecticide used to get rid of malaria. At first

exposure, most of the paramecium died leaving few amount of
paramecium. What is the type of natural selection here?
a) directional selection
132
b) stabilising selection
c) disruptive selection
d) diversifying selection

420) chlorophyll is a photosynthetic pigment that:

a) absorbs blue, green color and reflect red, yellow color.
b) absorbs blue, yellow color and reflects yellow, green color.
c) absorbs all light spectrum equally.
d) reflect all light spectrums.

421) identify the following organism:

I. no true tissue
II. have no internal skeletal system
III. Show no bilateral symmetry.
a) Porifera
b) Cnidarian
c) Nematode
d) Annelida

422) what is the difference between birds and mammals?

a) birds are endotherm while mammals are ectotherm.
b) birds are endoskeleton while mammals are exoskeleton.
c) birds lactate its babies while mammals do not.
d) birds lay eggs while mammals birth babies.

133
423) two groups (A and B) of populations became
geographically isolated and became different species. What is
the most likely correct?
I) population A did not evolve.
II) population B did not evolve.
III) there was no or little gene flow.
IV) they evolved diversely.
a) I&II
b) I&III
c) III&IV
d) II&IV

The new questions in July trial 2023

424)
Time (sec) O2 production (Liter)
0 7
30 9.1
60 14.8
90 19.2
120 22.4
150 25.2
180 27.3

134
a scientist calculates the amount of oxygen produced by plant
through time intervals. What is the average rate of 3 mins in
liter/ min?
a) 9.1
b) 14.8
c) 22.3
d) 27.3

425) the ovum moves through the fallopian tube by the help of
cells lining the fallopian tube. These cells must have which of
the following structures to perform this action?
a) pseudopods.
b) flagella.
c) macrophages.
d) cilia.

426) evaporation of sweat allows for cooling of human skin.

Breaking which of the following bonds allow this process to
occur?
a) ionic bond.
b) hydrogen bond.
c) covalent bond.
d) all of the above.

427) DNA polymerase enzyme is active in:

a) lysosome.

135
b) nucleus.
c) ribosome.
d) nucleus.

428) students were asked to use a microscope to determine

whether the cells on a slide were plant cells or cyanobacteria.
This table shows their findings:
Ribosome yes
Nucleus yes
lysosome no
centrioles no
Based on their observations, the students determined that the
slides contained plant cells, because plant cells:
a) Have ribosomes and cyanobacteria do not.
b) Have nucleus and cyanobacteria do not.
c) Do not have lysosomes and cyanobacteria cells do.
d) Do not have centriole and cyanobacteria cells do.

429) in 1958, Meselson and Stahl determined that the

process of DNA replication is semiconservative. DNA
molecules produced by semiconservative replication; each
double helix contains:
a) 2 new strands of DNA.
b) 2 parental strands of DNA.
c) 1 new strand of DNA and 1 new strand of RNA.
d) 1 new strand of DNA and 1 parental of DNA.

136