MATHEMATICS

GRADE 11
Algebra and Equations
Worksheet – Memo
Compiled by:
Sarel van Greunen and
Wilbert Tenga
QUESTION 1
1.1.1 2 + 𝑥 − 𝑥! = 0 üFactors
𝑥! − 𝑥 − 2 = 0 üanswer
(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 1) = 0
𝑥 = 2 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −1
1.1.2 2𝑥 ! − 4𝑥 ≥ 0 üfactors
2𝑥(𝑥 − 2) ≥ 0 ücvs
𝑐𝑣𝑠: 0; 2 üdiagram
üinequality

𝑥 ≤ 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 ≥ 2
1.1.3 4 − √2 − 𝑥 = 3𝑥
4 − 3𝑥 = √2 − 𝑥 üsquaring
(4 − 3𝑥)! = (√2 − 𝑥)! üsimplfying
9𝑥 ! − 24𝑥 + 16 = 2 − 𝑥 üstd formv
9𝑥 ! − 23𝑥 + 14 = 0 ü𝑥 = 1
14 ürejection of other x value
𝑥 = 1 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 ≠
9
1.1.4 :𝑥 − √5<(2" − 16) = 0 ü 𝑥 = √5
𝑥 − √5 = 0 𝑜𝑟 2" − 16 = 0 ü2𝑥 = 23
𝑥 = √5 𝑜𝑟 2" = 2# ü𝑥 = 3
𝑥 = √5 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 3
1.2 3𝑥 + 𝑦 = −1
9𝑥 ! − 𝑦 ! = 0….(2) ü equation (1)
𝑦 = −1 − 3𝑥 … (1) üSubs
9𝑥 ! − (−1 − 3𝑥)! = 0 … (2) üx-value
9𝑥 ! − 1 − 6𝑥 − 9𝑥 ! = 0 üy-value
6𝑥 = −1
1
𝑥=−
6
1
𝑦 = −1 − 3(− )
6
1
𝑦=−
2
1 1
?− ; − @
6 2
1.3 20
𝑥 + 4𝑝 =
𝑥 üSubs
20 ü𝑝2 = 4
𝑝 + 4𝑝 =
𝑝 ü𝑝 = ±2
5𝑝! = 20
𝑝! = 4
𝑝 = ±2

QUESTION 2
2.1 !
𝑥#
C D
3
𝑥6
üü
9
 𝑥(
9
2.2 2")# − 3 . 2")* üfactorise
2")! ünumerator
2 2 (2)! − 3)
" )*
üdenominator
2" 2)* (2)* ) üanswer
1
4−3
1
2
11
2
2.3 2𝑥(𝑥 + 1) + 𝑚 = 𝑥 üsimplifying
2𝑥 ! + 2𝑥 + 𝑚 = 𝑥 üstd form
2𝑥 ! + 𝑥 + 𝑚 = 0 üstd form
𝑏! − 4𝑎𝑐 < 0 ü𝑏! − 4𝑎𝑐 < 0
!
(1) − 4(2)(𝑚) < 0 üanswer
1 < 8𝑚
1
𝑚>
8

2.4 5 − 𝑥! = 0 üstd form

(5 − 𝑥)(5 + 𝑥) = 0 üfactors
𝑥 = 5 𝑜𝑟 − 5 üüanswers

QUESTION 3
3.1.1 5𝑥 ! − 7𝑥 = 5 üstd form
5𝑥 ! − 7𝑥 − 5 = 0 üsubs
7 ± √149 üüanswers
𝑥=
10
𝑥 = 1,92 𝑜𝑟 − 0,52
3.1.2 √1 − 𝑥 − 𝑥 = 5
√1 − 𝑥 = 5 − 𝑥 üisolation of radical
(√1 − 𝑥)! = (5 − 𝑥)! üsquaring
1 − 𝑥 = 𝑥 ! + 10𝑥 + 25 üstd form
𝑥 ! + 11𝑥 + 24 = 0 ürejection of -8
𝑥 ≠ −8 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −3 üanswer

3.1.3. 𝑥 ! > 5𝑥 − 4 üstd form

𝑥 ! − 5𝑥 + 4 > 0 ücvs
𝑐𝑣𝑠: 4; 1 üüeach correct answer

𝑥 < 1 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 > 4
3.1.4 3. 5!")* = 375 ü÷3
5!")* = 125 üprime base
5!")* = 5# übase =exp=
 2𝑥 − 1 = 3 üanswer
2𝑥 = 4
𝑥=2
3.2 𝑦 − 4 = 2𝑥
2𝑥 ! − 3𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 ! = 4 ü𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 4 … . (1)
𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 4 … . (1) üsubs
2𝑥 ! − 3𝑥(2𝑥 + 4) + (2𝑥 + 4)! = 4 üsimplifying
2𝑥 ! − 6𝑥 ! − 12𝑥 + 4𝑥 ! + 16𝑥 + 16 = 4 üx-value
4𝑥 = −12
üy-value
𝑥 = −3
𝑦 = −2
3.3 𝑔(3) = √12 × 3 üSub 3
= √36 ü6
=6 üSub 6
𝑓(6) = 2(6)! + 8 ü80
= 80

QUESTION 4
4.1.1 (2𝑥 − 1)(2 − 𝑥) = 0
1 üüanswers
𝑥= 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 2
2
4.1.2 "
𝑥 ! > #, 𝑥 < 0
1 ücvs
𝑐𝑣𝑠: ± üdiagram
2
1 üinequality
𝑥<−
2
4.1.3 (𝑥 ! + 2𝑥)! − 2(𝑥 ! + 2𝑥) = 3 üstd form
𝑘 ! − 2𝑘 − 3 = 0 üfactors of k
(𝑘 − 3)(𝑘 + 1) = 0 ük-values
𝑘 = 3 𝑜𝑟 𝑘 = −1 üstd form
𝑥 ! + 2𝑥 = 3 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 ! + 2𝑥 = −1 üfactors of x
𝑥 ! + 2𝑥 − 3 = 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 ! + 2𝑥 + 1 üüüanswers
(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 − 1) = 0 𝑜𝑟 (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 1) = 0
𝑥 = 2 𝑜𝑟 1 𝑜𝑟 − 1
4.2 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = −4 ü𝑦 = −2𝑦 − 4 … . (1)
(𝑥 − 𝑦)(𝑥 + 𝑦 + 1) = 0 … . (1) üsubs
𝑥 = −2𝑦 − 4 … … (2) üsimplifying
(−2𝑦 − 4 − 𝑦)(−2𝑦 − 4 + 𝑦 + 1) = 0 üx-value
(−3𝑦 − 4)(−𝑦 − 3) = 0
4 üy-value
𝑦 = − 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = −3
3
4
𝑥 = − 𝑜𝑟 2
3
4.3 𝑥2 − 4
𝑓(𝑥) = üFactorise
𝑥−2
(𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 2) üSimplifying
=
𝑥−2 üanswer
=𝑥+2
= 2135469999 + 2
= 2135470000
QUESTION 5
5.1.1 üFactorise
3%&" − 3%
@ +3 üSimplifying
3%'" üanswer
3% (3 − 1)
@ +3
3% (3'" )

2
R +3
3)*
√6 + 3
3

5.1.2 1 !"# üExponential

! $ =3 üLinear equation
3 üanswer
3)"+! = 3*
−𝑥 + 2 = 1
𝑥=1
5.2 √32 − √128 + √18 üSimplifying
4√2 − 8√2 + 3√2 üanswer
−√2
5.3 𝑏! − 4𝑎𝑐 > 0
(−6)! − 4(2)(𝑘) > 0 ü𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 > 0
36 − 8𝑘 > 0 üsubs
𝑘 < 4,5 ü𝑘 < 4,5
𝑥 ∈ (1; 2; 3; 4)
üanswers

QUESTION 6
6.1.1 8𝑥 ! + 1 = 7𝑥 üstd form
8𝑥 ! − 7𝑥 + 1 = 0 üsubs
7 ± U49 − 4(8)(1) üüanswers
𝑥=
2(8)
7 ± √17
𝑥=
16
𝑥 = 0,7 𝑜𝑟 0,18
6.1.2 𝑥 2𝑥 + 4
− = −4
𝑥 − 1 3𝑥 + 1 ürestrictions
1
𝐿𝐶𝐷 = (𝑥 − 1)(3𝑥 + 1) 𝑥 ≠ 1, 𝑥 ≠ − ümultiplying by LCD
3 üstd form
𝑥(3𝑥 + 1) − (2𝑥 + 4)(𝑥 − 1) = −4(𝑥 − 1)(3𝑥 + 1)
3𝑥 ! + 𝑥 − 2𝑥 ! − 2𝑥 + 4 = −12𝑥 ! + 8𝑥 + 4 üfactors
13𝑥 ! − 9𝑥 = 0 üüanswers
𝑥(13𝑥 − 9) = 0
9
𝑥 = 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 =
13
6.1.4 5" − 5!)" − 24 = 0
5! üsimplifying
5" − " − 24 = 0
5 üstandardization
5!" − 25 − 24. 5" = 0 üfactors
5!" − 24. 5" − 25 = 0 üRejection of -1
 (5" − 25)(5" + 1) = 0 üanswer
5" = 5! 𝑜𝑟 5" ≠ −1
∴𝑥=2
6.2 𝑥 = 2𝑦 − 6 … . . (1)
𝑥 ! + 𝑦 ! = 20 … . (2)
(2𝑦 − 6)! + 𝑦 ! = 20 üsubs
4𝑦 − 24𝑦 + 36 + 𝑦 ! − 20 = 0
!
üsimplifying
5𝑦 ! − 24𝑦 + 16 = 0 üStd form
(5𝑦 − 4)(𝑦 − 4) = 0
4 üfactors
𝑦= 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = 4 üüy-value
5
22 üüx-value
𝑥=− 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 2
5

QUESTION 7
7.1.1 𝑥−2≥0 ü𝑥 − 2 ≥ 0
𝑥≥2 ü≥2
7.1.2 2 üüanswer
7.1.3 √3 − 2 1
𝑘 =2+ ü𝑘 = 2
4 2
1 üSubs
𝑘=2
2 üanswer
1
𝑔(𝑘) = (2 )!
2
65
𝑜𝑟 4,06
16

QUESTION 8
8.1.1 𝑥 ! − 2𝑥 = 15
!
𝑥 − 2𝑥 − 15 = 0 üStd form
(𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 + 3) = 0 üfactors
𝑥 = 5 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −3
üüanswers
8.1.2 4𝑥 ! − 𝑥 − 5 < 0
(4𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 + 1) = 0
5 üfactors
𝑐𝑣𝑠: − 1;
4 ücvs
ücorrect inequality

5
−1 < 𝑥 <
4
8.1.3 √2𝑥 − 1 + 2 = 𝑥 üsquaring
√2𝑥 − 1 = 𝑥 − 2 üstd form
(√2𝑥 − 1)! = (𝑥 − 2)! üfactors
2𝑥 − 1 = 𝑥 ! − 4𝑥 + 4 üboth solutions
𝑥 ! − 6𝑥 + 5 üaccepting 5
(𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 − 1) = 0
𝑥 = 5 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 1
∴ 𝑥 = 5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 ≠ 1
8.1.4 !
2𝑥 # − 8 = 0
!
2𝑥 # = 8 !
! ü𝑥 # = 4
𝑥# =4 #
üRaising the power !
#
! ! #
= 4!
ü𝑥 = ±8
?𝑥 # @
𝑥 = ±8
8.2 𝑎+𝑏+𝑐 =0
𝑏 = −𝑎 − 𝑐 ü𝑏 = −𝑎 − 𝑐
!
𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0
−𝑏 ± √𝑏! − 4𝑎𝑐 üSub into correct formula
𝑥=
2𝑎
−(−𝑎 − 𝑐) ± U(−𝑎 − 𝑐)! − 4𝑎𝑐 üSimplification to 𝑎! −
𝑥= 2𝑎𝑐 + 𝑐 !
2𝑎
𝑎 + 𝑐 ± √𝑎! − 2𝑎𝑐 + 𝑐 ! − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑥=
2𝑎
𝑎 + 𝑐 ± √𝑎! − 2𝑎𝑐 + 𝑐 ! ü(𝑎 − 𝑐)!
𝑥=
2𝑎
𝑎 + 𝑐 ± U(𝑎 − 𝑐)! ü𝑥 = 1
𝑥=
2𝑎
𝑎 + 𝑐 ± √𝑎 − 𝑐
𝑥=
2𝑎
𝑎+𝑐±𝑎−𝑐
𝑥=
2𝑎
𝑐
𝑥 = 1 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 =
𝑎

QUESTION 9
9.1 3𝑦 + 𝑥 = 2 ü𝑥 = 2 − 3𝑦 … (1)
!
𝑦 + 𝑥 = 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 … (2) üSub
𝑥 = 2 − 3𝑦 … (1) üStd form
𝑦 ! + 2 − 3𝑦 = 𝑦(2 − 3𝑦) + 𝑦 üFactorisation
𝑦 ! + 2 − 3𝑦 = 2𝑦 − 3𝑦 ! + 𝑦
üBoth y values
4𝑦 ! − 6𝑦 + 2 = 0
(2𝑦 − 1)(𝑦 − 1) = 0 üBoth x values
1
𝑦=− 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = 1
2
1
𝑥= 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −1
2
9.2 LHS: U𝑏√𝑎 − 𝑏. U𝑏√𝑎 + 𝑏
üA𝑏√𝑎 − 𝑏CA𝑏√𝑎 + 𝑏C
\:𝑏√𝑎 − 𝑏<:𝑏√𝑎 + 𝑏<
üsimplify√𝑏! 𝑎 − 𝑐 !
U𝑏! 𝑎 − 𝑐 ! üfactorisation
U𝑏! (𝑎 − 𝑐) üb
𝑏√𝑎 − 1

9.3 3- = 21. üRaising to power c

/
(3- )/ = :21. < ü3-/ = 3./ × 7./
3-/ = 21./ üSub of 3-
 3-/ = 3./ × 7./ üEquating indices
3-/ = 3./ × 3-. üfactorising
𝑎𝑐 = 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑎𝑏
𝑎𝑐 = 𝑏(𝑎 + 𝑐)
𝑎𝑐
𝑏=
𝑎+𝑐

QUESTION 10
10.1.1 7
𝑥 = −2 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 =
3 üüanswers
!
10.1.2 𝑥 − 5𝑥 = 2
𝑥 ! − 5𝑥 − 2 = 0 üstd form
5 ± U(−5)! − 4(1)(−2) üsubs
𝑥=
2(1) üüanswers
5 ± √33
𝑥=
2
𝑥 = 5,37 𝑜𝑟 − 0,37

10.1.3 √𝑥 − 3 − 4 = 5
√𝑥 − 3 = 9 üIsolating radical
(√𝑥 − 3)! = (9)! üSquaring
𝑥 − 3 = 81 üsimplifying
𝑥 = 84 üanswer

10.1.4 2𝑥 ! − 7𝑥 − 4 ≥ 0
(2𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 4) ≥ 0 üfactors
1 ücvs
𝑐𝑣𝑠: − ; 4
2 üüinequalities

1
𝑥≤− 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 ≥ 4
2
10.2 𝑥 = 2𝑦 + 1 … (1) üSubs
𝑥 ! − 2𝑦 + 3𝑥𝑦 = 6 … (2) üSimplifying
(2𝑦 + 1)! − 2𝑦 + 3𝑦(2𝑦 + 1) = 6 üStd form
4𝑦 + 4𝑦 + 1 − 2𝑦 + 6𝑦 ! + 3𝑦 − 6 = 0
!
üfactors
10𝑦 ! + 5𝑦 − 5 = 0 üy-values
2𝑦 ! + 𝑦 − 1 = 0 üx-values
(2𝑦 − 1)(𝑦 + 1) = 0
1
𝑦= 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = −1
2
𝑥 = 2 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −1

QUESTION 11
11.1.1 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥(2𝑥 − 5) + 2 üStd form
∴ 2𝑥 ! − 5𝑥 + 2 = 0 ü∆= 9
∆= (−5)! − 4(2)(2) = 9 üdescription
∴ 𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙, 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑢𝑛𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙.
11.1.2 2𝑥 ! − 5𝑥 + 2 = 3 üstd form
2𝑥 ! − 5𝑥 − 1 = 0 üsubs
5 ± U(−5)! − 4(2)(−1) üsimplifying
𝑥=
2(2) üanswers
5 ± √33
𝑥=
4
𝑥 = 2,69 𝑜𝑟 − 0,19

11.1.3 üStd form

üfactors
üüinequality

2𝑥 ! − 5𝑥 + 2 ≤ 3
2𝑥 ! − 5𝑥 − 1 ≤ 0
−0,19 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2,69
11.1.4 ü2𝑥 ! − 5𝑥 + 2 < 0
ü(2𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2) < 0
1
üü < 𝑥 < 2
2

U𝑓(𝑥) is non real for all 2𝑥 ! − 5𝑥 + 2 < 0

(2𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2) < 0
1
<𝑥<2
2
11.2.1 5" 50 = !√5*1 ü5𝑥+𝑦
5"+0 = 51 ü55
𝑥+𝑦 =5 ü𝑦 = 5 − 𝑥
𝑦 =5−𝑥

11.2.2 𝑥(5 − 𝑥) = 21 − 𝑥 ! − (5 − 𝑥)! üSubs

5𝑥 − 𝑥 ! = 21𝑥 − 𝑥 ! − (25 − 10𝑥 + 𝑥 ! ) üDistribution
𝑥 ! − 5𝑥 + 4 = 0 üStd form
(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 4) = 0 üFactors
𝑥 = 1 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 4
üx-value
𝑦 = 4 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = 1
üy-value