Lecture #08

TIMERS
## Read Ch-7 of Petruzella’s Book, etc.##

Introduction

- the most commonly used PLC instruction, after

coils and contacts.
- due to there is a need to control the time (time
interval)
- as a build-in device inside PLC
- based on the interval CPU clock of PLC
- can be programmed to carry out control task
- provide the same functions as on-delay and off-
delay mechanical and electronic timing relays.
The Symbol (in Ladder Logic Diagram)

Figure 1 Ladder Logic Diagram of Timer

Notes:
XXXX = Number of Timer = 0000 to 4095.
YYYY = Set Value (SV) = 0000 to 9999 (0 –
999.9 sec)
Exact Time = (SV x 0.1) sec
(TIM operates a decrementing timer with units of 0.1-s).

The Command in Mnemonic Code

Address Instruction Data/Operand

00000 LD INPUT
00001 TIM XXXX
#YYYY
00002 LD TXXXX
00003 OUT OUTPUT
00004 END(01)
Types of TIMER

1. On-delay Timer:

Address Instruction Data/Operand

00000 LD 0.00
00001 TIM 0000
#50
00002 LD T0000
00003 OUT 1.00
00004 END(01)
2. Off-delay Timer:

Address Instruction Data/Operand

00000 LD 0.00
00001 TIM 0000
#50
00002 LDNOT T0000
00003 OUT 1.00
00004 END(01)
3. On-Off delay Timer (Flashing):

Address Instruction Data/Operand

00000 LD T0001
00001 TIM 0000
#50
00002 LDNOT T0000
00003 TIM 0001
#50
00004 LDNOT T0001
00005 OUT 1.00
00006 END(01)
4. Sequencing:

This illustrates how timed sequence of outputs can

be achieved.

Address Instruction Data/Operand

00000 LD 0.00
00001 OUT 1.00
00002 TIM 0000
#50
00004 LD T0000
00005 OUT 1.01
00006 END(01)
5. Cascade:

This illustrates how timers can be linked together.

The term cascaded is used to give longer delay
times than are possible with just one timer.

Address Instruction Data/Operand

00000 LD 0.00
00001 TIM 0000
#9999
00002 LD T0000
00003 TIM 0001
#100
00004 LD T0001
00005 OUT 1.00
00006 END(01)
Problem Examples

Q1 Study the ladder diagram shown in Figure Q1, and answer the
questions below:
(a) What is the length of the time-delay period?
(b) What is the value of the accumulated time when power is
first applied?
(c) When does the timer start timing?
(d) When does the timer stop timing and reset itself?
(e) When input LS1 is firstly closed, which rungs are True
and which are False?
(f) When input LS1 is firstly closed, state the status (On or
Off) of each output.
(g) What are the output status after 10s LS1 closed?

Figure Q1
Q2 Design the ladder (logic) diagram and write the mnemonic
codes of the following system, Figure Q2:

Figure Q2 Bottle/Can Filling System.