Understanding the

Self Lesson 3: The

Self as Cognitive
Construct
by: Reyven A. Tagsa & Adrian Axcel Castillon

Understanding the Self Lesson 3

 Identity
- is composed of personal characteristics social
roles and responsibilities as well as affiliations to
define who one is
 personal characteristics
entails to our abilities and our evident characteristics
that others might describe us.
 social roles
-entails on the status in the society
 responsibilities
-entails to the things that we do in
the society for.
 Affiliations
-entails to the organization organizations that we
belong in.

Reading Science
Fiction Book
 self-concept

is what basically comes to your mind when you're

asked about who you are self-concept means of ri
means it is our ideas of the self.
Famous
psychologists
Carl Rogers
- captured this idea in his concept of self
schema or our organized system or
collection of knowledge about who we
are self-concept these are the the
fragments in our mind of what you think
something is.
Famous Psychologist Freud
 - saw that the self its mental processes and
one's behavior as the results of the interaction
between the ID the ego and the super ego.
 Id
-is also known as the pleasure principle it
only once it only needs it only focuses on
what would be pleasurable.
 ego
-on the other hand is the is the reality
principle it covers on the reality aspect.
superego
-is the conscience it is the conscience and it's
also though they're responsible for uh the idea
what is ideal.
There are 3 reasons why the
self and identity are actually
the products of social of the
society
 1.we do not create ourselves
out of nothing in creating the
foundations of who we are.
2. whether we like to admit it or not we
actually need others to assume and
reinforce who we think we are we have
our friends and family to tell us the
ideas of who this who they think we are
3.what we think is important to
us may also have been influenced
by what is important in our
social or historical context.
social
interaction are vital factors in
creating our self-
and group concept especially in the
affiliation aspect of providing us
with our social identity.
 self-awareness
if you already have an idea of who you
think you are it means that you are
becoming self-aware.if you no longer believe
on what people are saying and believes what
you think who you are you are becoming
self-aware for.
 carver and shire
identified two
types of self
1. the private self
-the private self or your internal standards and
private thoughts and feelings.
 2.The Public self
- the public self or your public image
commonly geared towards having a good
presentation of yourself to others.
self-awareness also
presents us with at
least three other self
schema
actual self
- is who you are at the moment
ideal self
-is who you like to be
the ought self
-is who you think you should be
“self-awareness may be
positive or negative depending
on the circumstances and our
next course of action”
 “our group identity and self-awareness
also a great has a great impact on our self-
esteem define as our own positive or
negative perception or or evaluation of
ourselves.”
one of the ways in which
our social relationship
affects our self-esteem is
through our social
comparison
the downward social comparison

- is we are
comparing ourselves
to those who are
worse of us.
Upward social comparison
- comparing ourselves with
those who are better off
than us so in downward
comparison we are comparing
ourselves to those who are
worse of us and upward
s o c i a l c o m p a r i s o n wI love
e cmy om p aThey
family. r e are all very important in my
life, and I'm so lucky to have them by my side. They
o u r s e l v e s t o t h o s e wmake
h omyaworld
r e a better place, and they are always
better than us. so willing to help out whenever anything happens.
“social comparison also entails what is
called self-evaluation maintenance
theory which states that we can feel
threatened when someone outperforms
us especially when that person is close
to us”
Adventure and
Horror Games
 “in the attempt to increase or
maintain self-esteem some people
become narcissistic a trait
characterized by overly high self-
esteem self-admiration and self-
centeredness centeredness”