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The Academic Word List

AWL words 1 – 10

Analyse Approach Area Assess Assume

Authority Available Benefit Concept Consist

1. Part of a place, piece of land or country 1. Area

2. Able to be bought, used, or reached 2. Available
3. Principle or idea 3. Concept
4. Comprised or made up of 4. Consist
5. A helpful or good effect 5. Benefit
6. The moral or legal right to control 6. Authority
7. To come nearer to something 7. Approach
8. Evaluate 8. Assess
9. To study or examine 9. Analyse
10. To accept as true without question or proof 10. Assume

1. The discovery of oil brought many ________________ to the town.

2. Water samples taken from streams were ________________for contamination by

chemicals. It was important to check it carefully.

3. It is very difficult to define the ________________ of beauty.

4. All ________________ of the country will have some rain tonight.

5. Is this dress ________________ in a larger size?

6. We could just see the train ________________ in the distance.

7. I ________________ (that) you knew each other because you went to the same
school.

8. The United Nations has used its ________________ to restore peace in the area.

9. America ________________ of fifty states.

10. Examinations are not the only means of ________________ a student's ability.
1. benefits 2. Analyzed 3. Concept 4. Areas 5. Available 6. Approaching 7. Assumed
8. authority 9. Consists 10. assessing

Words 11-20

Constitute Context Contract Create data

Definition Derived Distribution Economic Environment

1. the air, water and land in or on which people, animals 1. Environment

and plants live
2. to form or make up something 2. Constitute
3. information, especially facts or numbers 3. Data
4. the system of trade and industry by which the wealth of 4. Economy
a country is made and used
5. to say what the meaning of something, especially a 5. Define
word, is
6. Create
6. to make something new, especially to invent something

7. to get something from something else 7. Derive

8. the situation within which something exists or happens, 8. Context
and that can help explain it
9. a legal document that states and explains a formal 9. Contract
agreement
10. to give something out to several people, or to spread 10. Distribute
or supply something

1. The ________________ was/were collected by various researchers.

2. The institute ________________ most of its money from foreign investments. It gets
only a small amount from domestic investments.

3. Women ________________ about 10% of Parliament. Men make up the remaining

90%.

4. Tourism contributes millions of pounds to the country's ________________ . It has

helped prevent the country from going into recession.

5. In this dictionary 'reality' is ________________ as 'the state of things as they are,

rather than as they are imagined to be'.

6. They could take legal action against you if you break (the terms of)
the ________________ .
7. Certain chemicals have been banned because of their damaging effect on the
________________ .

8. The Bible says that God ________________ the world.

9. It is important to see all the fighting and bloodshed in his plays in

historical ________________ .

10. The books will be ________________ free to local schools. They are given out for
free because schools do not have much money to spend.

1. Data 2. Derives 3. Constitute 4. Economy 5. Defined 6. Contract 7. Environment 8.

Created 9. Context 10. Distributed

21-30

Establish Estimate Evident Export Factor

Finance Formula Function Identify Income

1. to start a company or organization that will continue for 1. Establish

a long time / to discover or get proof of something
2. to send goods to another country for sale 2. Export
3. a standard or accepted way of doing or making 3. Formula
something / mathematical rule
4. money that is earned from doing work or received from 4. Income
investments
5. easily seen or understood; obvious 5. Evident
6. a fact or situation which influences the result of 6. Factor
something
7. purpose 7. Function
8. to guess the cost, size, value, etc. of something 8. Estimate
9. to recognize someone or something and say or prove 9. Identify
who or what they are
10. the monetary resources and affairs of a state, 10. Finance
organization, or person / to provide funding for a person
or organisation

1. Our clothes sell so well in this country that we have no need to ________________ .
2. From the smell it was ________________ that the drains had been blocked for
several days.
3. The ________________ of the veins is to carry blood to the heart.
4. The brewery was ________________ in 1822 and it still operates today.
5. We have changed the ________________ of the washing powder. There are now
less chemicals in it.
6. It was difficult to ________________ how many trees had been destroyed, but it was
somewhere between 10 and 15 thousand.
7. More help is needed for people on low ________________ . They don't have enough
money to live on.
8. Price will be a major ________________ in the success of this new product.
9. The gunman in Wednesday's attack has been ________________ as Lee Giggs, an
unemployed truck driver.
10. The ________________ of the company are in a mess. They cannot account for
over 3 million dollars.
1. Export 2. Evident 3. Function 4. Established 5. Formula 6. Estimate 7. Incomes 8.
Factor 9. Identified 10. Finances
31-40
indicate individual interpret involve issue
labour legal legislate major method

1. a single person or thing 1. Individual

2. a particular way of doing something 2. Method
3. making of new law by a government 3. Legislation
4.to decide what the intended meaning of something is 4. Interpret
5. a subject or problem which people are thinking and talking 5. Issue
about / to produce or provide something official
6. to include someone or something in something 6. Involve
7. more important, bigger or more serious 7. Major
8. to show 8. Indicate
9. practical work involving physical effort / workers 9.Labour
10. connected with the law 10. Legal

1. The second accident ______________ two cars and a lorry.

2. The car parts themselves are not expensive, it's the ______________ that costs the
money.
3. It's difficult to ______________ these statistics without knowing how they were
obtained. I don't understand them.
4. As employers we need to be seen to be addressing (= dealing with)
this ______________ sympathetically.
5. The government promised to ______________ against cigarette advertising if they
were elected. They believe passing a law to ban it is the best way to stop people.
6. Every ______________ has rights which must never be taken away.
7. Please ______________ which free gift you would like to receive. We will then send it
to you in the post.
8. All of her ______________ plays have been translated into English. The other less
well-known ones were not.
9. Travelling by train is still one of the safest ______________ of transport. It is the way
I prefer to travel.
10. He sought ______________ advice about the car accident from a well-known firm of
lawyers.
1. Involved 2. Labour 3. Interpret 4. Issue 5. Legislate 6. Individual 7. Indicate 8. Major 9. Methods
10. Legal
41-50

Occur percent period policy principle

procedure process response require research

1. a basic idea or rule that explains or controls how something happens 1. Principle
or works
2. a length of time 2. Period

3. a series of actions that you take in order to achieve a result 3. Process

4. a detailed study of a subject, especially in order to discover (new) 4. Research
information or reach a (new) understanding
5. to need or make necessary 5. Require

6. to happen (especially of accidents and other unexpected events) 6. Occur

7. for or out of every 100, shown by the symbol % 7. Percent

8. a set of ideas or a plan of what to do in particular situations that has 8. Policy

been agreed officially by a group of people, a business organization, a
government or a political party
9. to say or do something as a reaction to something that has been said 9. Respond
or done
10. a set of actions which is the official or accepted way of doing 10. Procedure
something
1. The country is run on democratic _______________. (plural)

2. You got 20 _______________of the answers right - that means one in every five.

3. Please telephone this number if you _______________any further information.

4. If any of these symptoms _______________while you are taking the medicine,

consult your doctor immediately.

5. Her work means that she spends long _______________away from home.

6. They believe that the European Community needs a common foreign and
security _______________.

7. I asked her what the time was, but she didn't _______________.

8. The company has new _______________for dealing with complaints. (plural)

9. An enzyme in the saliva of the mouth starts the ______________ of breaking down the
food.
10. They are doing some fascinating _______________into the language of dolphins.

1. principles 2. Percent 3. Require 4. Occur 5. Periods 6. Policy 7. Respond 8. Procedures

9. Process 10. Research
51-60
Role Section Sector Significant Similar
Source Specific Structure Theory Vary

1. how the parts of something are arranged or organized 1. Structure

2. the place something comes from or starts at, or the cause of 2. Source
something / someone or something that supplies information
3. one of the areas into which the economic activity of a 3. Sector
country is divided
4. nearly the same 4. Similar
5. one of the parts that something is divided into 5. Section
6. ideas to explain something 6. Theory
7. different 7. Vary
8. position or purpose that someone or something has 8. Role
9. important or noticeable 9. Significant
10. relating to one thing and not others; particular 10. Specific

1. Salary scales ________________ between states. They are never the same.

2. Experts are trying to track down the ________________of the contamination in the
water supply. At the moment they are not sure where it has come from.

3. Does the restaurant have a non-smoking ________________.

4. Schools play an important ________________in society.

5. There has been a ________________increase in the number of female students in

recent years.

6. The grammatical ________________of his sentences is very good.

7. The virus attacks ________________cells in the brain.

8. The new government's policy is reduce the role of the public ________________.
Private business will now play a much more important role.

9. I bought some new shoes which are very ________________to a pair I had before.
10. He has a ________________that the hole was caused by a meteorite.

1. vary 2. Source 3. Section 4. Role 5. Significant 6. Structure 7. Specific 8. Sector 9.

Similar 10. Theory

61 – 70

Achieve Acquisition Administration Affect Appropriate

Aspect Assistance Categories Chapter Commission

1. suitable or proper in the circumstances 1. Appropriate

2. successfully reach an objective or result by effort, skill, or courage 2. Achieve

3. a main division of a book / a period in history or in a person's life 3. Chapter

4. an asset or object bought or obtained 4. Acquisition

5. a class or division of people or things regarded as having particular 5. Categories

shared characteristics
6. an instruction, command, or role given to a person or group / a sum, 6. Commission
usually a set percentage of the value, paid to an agent in a commercial
transaction
7. a particular part or feature of something 7. Aspect

8. the action of helping someone 8. Assistance

9. the process or activity of running a business, organization, etc. 9. Administration

10. to have an effect on 10. Affect

Choose which word will fit in the gap:

1. In order to complete the research, he divided the data he had collected into various
________________ . (plural)
2. The company was given financial _______________ by the government. It needed
the help because of its debt.
3. The country is going to start a new ________________ in its history. It has put the
troubles behind it.
4. The cold weather has really ________________ my health.
5. The day-to-day ________________of the business is quite time consuming.
6. His ________________of the rival company was successfully completed. He was
happy the sale proceeded so smoothly.
7. He was satisfied with every ________________of his life.
8. He dressed ________________for the occasion. It was a wedding and he wore a suit
and tie. (adv)
9. He ________________his ambition of becoming an artist, but he still has many goals
left to pursue. (past tense)
10. He was ________________ by the art gallery to complete the painting. (passive)

1. categories 2. Assistance 3. Chapter 4. Affected 5. Administration 6. Acquisition 7. Aspect 8.

Appropriately 9. Achieved 10. commissioned

71-80
Community Complex Compute Conclusion Conduct
Consequence Construction Consumer Credit Culture
Definitions
1. a result or effect, typically one that is unwelcome or unpleasant 1. Consequence
2. a person who buys goods or services for their own use 2. Consumer
3. the people living in one particular area or people who are 3. Community
considered as a unit
4. relating to the ideas, customs, and social behaviour of a 4. Culture
society
5. Conduct
5. to organize and perform a particular activity

6. Construction
6. the action of building something, typically a large structure

7. Complex
7. difficult to understand or find an answer to because of having
many different parts

8. calculate (a figure or amount) 8. Compute

9. the final part of something 9. Conclusion
10. the ability of a customer to obtain goods or services before payment 10. Credit
Choose which word will fit in the gap:
1. Britain is a very ethnically and ____________________ diverse country. (adv)
2. It's a very __________________ issue to which there is no straightforward answer.
3. The hire charge for the car is __________________ on a daily basis. This is the
clearest way to work out the cost. (passive)
4. There's a large Jewish __________________ living in this area.
5. There are many condominiums under __________________ at the moment. They
are being built by various developers.
6. How should I __________________ myself at these dinners? I know nothing about
etiquette.
7. If he suddenly stops taking his medicine, this could have serious
__________________ . (plural)
8. I found the __________________ of the film confusing. They should have made the
ending clearer.
9. All __________________ will be affected by the increasing prices.
10. His manager gave him full __________________ for completing the project because
he did most of the work.
1. culturally 2. Complex 3. Computed 4. Community 5. Construction 6. Conduct 7. Consequences 8.
Conclusion 9. Consumers 10. Credit

81-90
Design Distinction Element Equation Evaluation
evaluate
Feature Final Focus Impact Injury

1. a part of something 1. Element

2. a mathematical statement that two expressions are equal / a complex 2. Equation
situation
3. a typical quality or an important part of something 3. Features
4. to make or draw plans for something, for example clothes or buildings 4. Design
5. a difference or contrast between similar things or people 5. Distinction
6. a powerful effect that something, especially something new, has on a 6. Impact
situation or person
7. the centre of interest or activity 7. Focus
8. assessment 8. Evaluation
9. last 9. Final
10. harm or damage that is done or sustained 10. Injury
Choose which word will fit in the gap:
1. The new tax laws had a big ________________ on middle class families. Most of them were
negatively affected.
2. The members of the committee were short of time so in the meeting they ________________ on the
main problems. (past tense)
3. His ________________ from the bike accident were not severe. (plural)
4. The film had all the ________________ of a great story. (plural)
5. We will ________________ the English Progamme at the end of the year in order to establish if it
was successful or not.
6. There's a clear ________________ between the dialects spoken in the north and the south of the
country.
7. In the ________________ 3x - 3 = 15, x = 6.
8. He found that the ________________ chapter of the book was the most difficult to write.
9. This range of clothing is specially ________________ for overweight people. (passive)
10. The town's main ________________ are its beautiful church and quaint old marketplace. (plural)
1. impact
2. focused
3. injuries
4. elements
5. evaluate
6. distinction
7. equation
8. final
9. designed
10. features

91-100
Institute (v/n) Investment (n) Item (n) Journal (n) Maintain (v)
Normal (adj) Obtain (v) Participate (v) Perceive (v) Positive (adj)
Participation (n)

1. usual, typical, or expected 1. Normal

2. the act of putting money, effort, time, etc. into something to make a profit 2. Investment
or get an advantage, or the money, effort, time, etc. used to do this
3. constructive, optimistic, or confident / with no possibility of doubt 3. Positive
4. to get something 4. Obtain
5. something which is part of a list or group of things 5. Item
6. introduce or establish (a scheme, undertaking, or policy) / an organization 6. Institute
having a particular purpose
7. to continue to have; to keep in existence, or not allow to become less 7. Maintain
8. to come to an opinion about something, or have a belief about something / 8. Perceive
see
9. a newspaper or magazine that deals with a particular subject or 9. Journal
professional activity / a diary
10. to take part in or become involved in an activity 10. Participate

Choose which word will fit in the gap:

1. The new director ________________ many changes after he took over the company. For example, he
introduced flexi-time and increased wages. (past tense)

2. Despite being in opposing political parties, the two leaders have ________________ a good working
relationship over the years. (v-ed)

3. The teacher encouraged ________________ in his class by offering a reward every time a student
answered a question. (n)

4. He sent his article to the ________________ of Alternative Medicine.

5. He does ________________ working hours, from 9am to 5pm. His wife's hours are more unusual
because she works shifts.

6. He was ________________ he would pass his exams. He was so sure because he had worked so hard.

7. It is difficult to ________________ cheap house insurance in this area because it floods regularly.
However, in a town nearby you can get it quite cheaply.
8. There's been a significant ________________ of time and energy in order to make the project a
success.

9. People often ________________ the homeless in a very negative way. They hold these views because
they blame them for their own situation.

10. We are running out of time so we should move onto the last ________________ on the agenda.

1. instituted 2. Maintained 3. Participation 4. Journal 5. Normal 6. Positive 7. Obtain 8. Investment 9.

Perceive 10. item