Gandhi School Ancol

Biology Assignment

Homeostasis

Name: challista Amanda citradi

Date : 9 8 2021

Class : IP 10-A, 10 -B

A. Multiple choice questions:

1. The following graph shows the blood glucose concentration in a healthy person, during and
after a meal.

What causes the decrease in glucose level 3 hours after the meal?

A. Antidiuretic hormone
B. Glucagon
C. Insulin
D. Oestrogen

2. Which of the following is a correct example of homeostasis?

A. Glucagon is secreted to reduce the level of glucose in blood

B. Increased ventilation rate reduces the oxygen content of blood
C. More antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is produced to increase the reabsorption of water by
the collecting duct in the kidney
D. Vasodilation decreases blood flow to the skin in order to conserve heat

3. The following are some processes that happen in the human body.
a) Digestion of fat
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 b) Regulation of water and solute concentrations in the blood
c) Maintenance of body temperature
d) Regulation of blood glucose concentration

Which of the process is controlled by homeostasis?

A. 1 and 2
B. 1,2 and 4
C. 2 and 4
D. 2,3 and 4

4. The diagram below shows a section through the skin of a person.

Which of the following correctly describes the function of structures 1 and 2?

Function of 1 Function of 2

A Secretes sweat to increase Traps air to reduce heat loss

heat loss from the body from the body

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 B Secretes sweat to increase Vasoconstricts to reduce heat
heat loss from the body loss from the body

C Traps air to reduce heat loss Secretes sweat to increase heat

from the body loss from the body

D Vasoconstricts to reduce Traps air to reduce heat loss

heat loss from the body from the body

5. The increase in blood flow to the skin during exercise causes __________________

A. Carbon dioxide to be lost

B. Heat to be lost
C. Oxygen to be gained
D. Water to be lost

6. Which combination of factors helps to increase the loss of heat from the body?

Arterioles leading to surface blood vessels Sweat secretion

A Constricted Maximised

B Constricted Minimised

C Dilated Maximised

D Dilated Minimised

Refer to the graph below to answer Questions 7 and 8. The graph shows the changes in a
person’s body temperature over a period of time.

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7. At which period would the skin arterioles first become dilated?

A. W
B. X
C. Y
D. Z

8. At which period would the skin arterioles first become constricted?

A. W
B. X
C. Y
D. Z

B. Structured questions:

1) Explain the role played by the following in the regulation of body temperature.

a) Blood vessels in the skin:

The contraction and dilation of your arterioles help to regulate your body temperature

b) The brain:
The brain monitors changes in the body energy state by sensing alterations in the
plasma levels of key metabolic hormones and nutrients.
c) The muscles of the body

It controls the vasoconstrictions of the arterioles in the skin

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2) A) i) What is meant by the term ‘homeostasis’?
The maintenance of a constant internal environment
ii) Explain what is meant by negative feedback.
If the system is disturbed, the disturbance sets in motion a sequence of events that tends
to restore the system to its original state
B) The diagram below shows part of a generalised feedback system.

Input 🡪 Detector 🡪 Control centre 🡪 X 🡪 Output

With reference to the diagram, state what part of the feedback system X represents
Corrective mechanism
C) Give an example of homeostatic action in the human body
Regulating body temperature
Regulating blood glucose concentration
Regulating blood water potential

3) The diagram below shows a section of the skin of a mammal.

a) Identify structures A to E
A : hair
B: blood capillaries
C: hair erector muscle
D: blood capillaries
E: sweat gland

b) Describe how structure E will respond if there is an increase in the body temperature of
the mammal.

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 secretes swats that flows through a sweat duct to a sweat pore that open the skin
surgace
c) Explain how a change to structure C will help a furry mammal.
The hair erector muscle provides thermal insulation for the animal

4) The diagram shows the capillaries of the skin on a hot day.

i) What causes the increase in blood flow to the capillaries?

Skin arteriole dilates to lead greater heat loss
ii) How does an increase in blood flow help to regulate temperature?
It leads to a greater heat loss
C. Free- Response questions:

1. Describe how the body temperature returns after a strenuous exercise

The body temperature will increase slightly and the body will cool itself by sweating
within 20 minutes after the exercise
2. Consuming alcohol causes the muscles in the walls of the arteries to relax. Based on this
information, suggest why people who work in temperate regions where temperature is
below 5 degree Celsius might be advised not to drink alcohol before work.

Alcohol causes the artery walls to relax and causes the skin’s blood vessels to
expand. When the blood vessel widens vasolidation will occur