1.

4
HYPERBOLAS
(Part 2)
4
determine the graph a
standard form hyperbola in a
of equation of rectangular
hyperbola with coordinate
center at (h,k) system with
center (h,k).
HYPERBOLA
•Standard form of the equation of a hyperbola:

x2 y 2 y 2 x2 center at
2
− 2 =1 2
− 2 =1 the origin
a b a b

center at
( x − h) 2 ( y − k ) 2 ( y − k ) 2 ( x − h) 2
2
− 2
=1 2
− 2
=1 (h,k)
a b a b

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Moreover, a,b, and c are related by the equation 𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 .
 STANDARD FORM OF THE EQUATION OF THE
HYPERBOLA WITH CENTER AT (h,k)

CENTER: Hyperbola with Hyperbola with

(h,k) horizontal focal axis vertical focal axis
EQUATION (𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐 (𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐
− =𝟏 𝟐
− 𝟐
=𝟏
𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐 𝒂 𝒃
where 𝒄 = 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒃𝟐 and
where 𝒄 = 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒃𝟐 and 𝒄>𝒂
𝒄>𝒂
VERTICES (𝒉 ± 𝒂, 𝒌) (𝒉, 𝒌 ± 𝒂)

FOCI (𝒉 ± 𝒄, 𝒌) (𝒉, 𝒌 ± 𝒄)
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 STANDARD FORM OF THE EQUATION OF THE
HYPERBOLA WITH CENTER AT (h,k)
CENTER: (h,k) Hyperbola with Hyperbola with vertical
horizontal focal axis focal axis
EQUATION (𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐 (𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐
− =𝟏 − =𝟏
𝒂 𝟐 𝒃𝟐 𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐
where 𝒄 = 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒃𝟐 and where 𝒄 = 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒃𝟐 and
𝒄>𝒂
𝒄>𝒂
TRANSVERSE 𝒉 ± 𝒂, 𝒌 (𝒉, 𝒌 ± 𝒂)
AXIS endpoints Length: 𝟐𝒂 Length: 𝟐𝒂
CONJUGATE 𝒉, 𝒌 ± 𝒃 𝒉 ± 𝒃, 𝒌
AXIS endpoints Length: 𝟐𝒃 Length: 𝟐𝒃
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 STANDARD FORM OF THE EQUATION OF THE
HYPERBOLA WITH CENTER AT (h,k)
CENTER: (h,k) Hyperbola with Hyperbola with
horizontal focal axis vertical focal axis
EQUATION (𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐 (𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐
− =𝟏 − =𝟏
𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐 𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐
where 𝒄 = 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒃𝟐 and where 𝒄 = 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒃𝟐 and
𝒄>𝒂 𝒄>𝒂
LATUS RECTUM 𝒃𝟐 𝒃𝟐
𝒉 − 𝒄, 𝒌 ± and 𝒉± ,𝒌 − 𝒄 and
𝒂 𝒂
endpoints 𝒃𝟐 𝒃𝟐
𝒉 + 𝒄, 𝒌 ± 𝒉± ,𝒌 −𝒄
𝒂 𝒂

DIRECTRICES 𝒂𝟐 𝒂𝟐
𝒙=𝒉± 𝒚=𝒌±
𝒄 𝒄 9
 EXAMPLE 1a-b:
Find the coordinates of the foci, vertices,
conjugate axis whose center is at (h,k). Sketch
the graph of the hyperbola.

(𝒙−𝟕)𝟐 𝒚+𝟐 𝟐
a) − =𝟏
𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟔
(𝒚−𝟑)𝟐 (𝒙+𝟐)𝟐
b) − =𝟏
𝟏𝟔 𝟗
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 EXAMPLE 1a-b:
(𝒙−𝟕)𝟐 (𝒚+𝟐)𝟐
a) − =𝟏
𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟔
Give the coordinates:
Convert to SF Foci
Orientation Vertices
center Endpoints CA
a, b, and c values
GRAPH (center, a, b, central box, asymptotes, & c) 11
 EXAMPLE 1a-b:
(𝒚−𝟑)𝟐 (𝒙+𝟐)𝟐
b) − =𝟏
𝟏𝟔 𝟗
Give the coordinates:
Convert to SF Foci
Orientation Vertices
center Endpoints CA
a, b, and c values
GRAPH (center, a, b, central box, asymptotes, & c) 12
 EXAMPLE 3a-c:
Write the equation of the hyperbola (in standard form) that satisfies the given
conditions. Draw the hyperbola. (Refer to pages 72-74)
a) The center is at (𝟕, −𝟐), a vertex is at (𝟐, −𝟐), & an endpoint of conjugate axis
is at (𝟕, −𝟔).

b) The foci are at (−𝟐, −𝟐) and (−𝟐, 𝟖), and the length of the conjugate axis is 𝟔.

c) A focus is at (4,6) and the vertices are at (𝟒, 𝟑 − 𝟓) and (𝟒, 𝟑 + 𝟓)

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REFERENCE:

▰ Orines, Fernando B. (2016). Next Century Mathematics 11 – Precalculus. Phoenix

Publishing House, Inc. Quezon City

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 1.4
HYPERBOLAS
(Part 1 Activity)
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1.4
HYPERBOLA
Activity 15
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21
ACTIVITY
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ANSWERS
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ACTIVITY 15
21/21
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