Ortiz, Sheena Lou A.

BSN2-A2

8:30-9:30 AM MW

Cha-Cha

The cha-cha dance originated from Cuba and was originally known as the cha-
cha-cha. The dance gained popularity around the 1950's and was created from
two other dances – the 'mambo' and the 'danzon'. While working with the
charanga group 'Orquesta America' in Cuba performed at dance halls in Havana.
Enrique Jorrin, a violinist and composer, realized that most of the crowds related
the danzon-mambo rhythm to a much slower mambo dance and thus had
hardship adopting the syncopated rhythms. He decided to compose music that
strongly focused on the first downbeat such that the rhythm became less
syncopated. This caused the crowd dancers to develop a triple step, creating the
sound 'cha-cha-cha' with their shoes, thus the cha-cha-cha was born.

Some, however, maintain that the footwork pattern "one-two-cha-cha-cha" has

its roots in the vocal imitation of the sound produced by the shoes. The name of
the dance is basically an onomatopoeia that comes out of the sound of the
dancer’s shoes. This explains why many call it the 'cha-cha-cha' and others 'cha-
cha'. Others have speculated that the name and dance originate from the ritual
dances and religious music of the West Indians who used some plants which had
seedpods they called cha-cha to build a musical rattle for use in religious singing
and thus dancing. The dance was introduced in the United States around 1954
and had apparently gained so much popularity among American's by 1959 that it
was reported to be the most popular dance in the country. It remains as one of
the most popular Latin dances in the U.S. today. Enrique and his team in
Orquesta America released two of his new compositions in the year 1953, the 'La
Enganadora' and the 'Silver Star'.
Cha cha music is composed in 4/4 time (four beats to a bar of music). For each
bar of music there are 2 slow and 3 quick steps, which may be counted as – one,
two, cha, cha, cha or step, step, step, quick step, quick step. The footwork is
simple and mostly focuses on just shifting weight from one foot to another.
Remember, five steps are taken to four beats of music. Also don't forget that the
movements tend to be somewhat flirtatious. This is definitely a party dance.
Partners face each other. Gentleman starts with the left foot, lady starts with the
right foot. Basic ballroom hold. Step and movements of feet is very important.

Rumba

The Rumba originated among the African slaves in Cuba in the sixteenth
century. It began as a fast and sensual dance with exaggerated hip movements.
The dance was said to be representing the male pursuit of a woman and the
music played with a staccato beat to keep time with the expressive movements
of the dancers. The claves, the marimbola, the maracas and the drums were
instruments used to inspire and accompany the dancers. The Rumba came to
the United States when Lew Quinn and Joan Sawyer tried to introduce the dance
in 1913. It wasn’t until about ten years later that the dance started catching on.
In the early 1920s, Rumba was danced slowly in America and made more
“civilized” by the dance studios of that time.

The American Rumba is considered to be a modified version of the

aforementioned Son. Band leader Emil Coleman imported some Rumba
musicians and a pair of Rumba dancers to New York in the 1920s and in 1925
Benito Collada opened the Club El Chico in Greenwich Village. By 1929, real
interest in Latin music grew and Rumba dancing became very popular in New
York. Rumba received a further boost in popularity after the Rumba was featured
in the very first Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers movie, “Flying Down to Rio” in
1933. The Son was a modified, slower, and more refined version of the native
Rumba danced by the African slaves. The wealthy Cuban class danced an even
slower version of dance in the rumba family called the Danzon. The Danzon had
even smaller steps than the Son, and women’s hip movements were very subtle
with tilting of their hips created by alternately bended and straightened knees.

Rumba is usually danced to music written in 4/4 time, with four beats to each
measure. The basic step is a very simple box step. It consist of three basic steps
- two quick side steps and a slow forward or backward step. The rhythm of the
steps is slow, quick, quick. A slow step is danced over two counts of music, while
a quick step is danced over one count. Rumba is a spot dance which means the
couple does not travel around the dance floor like in many other dances, but
rather stays in one location.

Waltz

Waltz is the oldest of the current ballroom dances. First waltzes were danced in
the location of today's Germany and Austria, back in 13th century. The style was
immediately picked up by other nations, who each created it's own form and
style of the dance. The form we know today was born in the suburbs of Vienna
and Austria's mountain regions. During the 17th century it was played and
danced in ballrooms of the Habsburg court. By the end of eighteenth century this
once Austrian peasant dance had been accepted by high class.

As the dance started gaining popularity, it was criticised on moral grounds due
to its close-hold stance and fast turning movements. Over time, established
musicians began recognising the quality and appeal of the Waltz. Among them
were Franz Schubert, Johann Strauss Father and later the best known waltz
composer, the so-called “Waltz King” - Johann Strauss Son. The dance was
getting more and more popular, causing the court to build numerous dance halls
to accommodate the craze. It established itself as a standard accompaniment for
noble events in Vienna and is considered as one of the most popular dance
styles up until this day. It certainly is a must-do if you're visiting Vienna for New
Year's or any other special occasion.
The basic step for waltz is a box step. It's named after a pattern it creates on
the floor (box or square) and forms the foundation of the dance. A box step can
be divided into two parts - a forward half box and a backward half box. Each half
box has three steps - a step forward or backward, a step to the side, and a step
to close the feet together. The leader starts with the left foot and executes a
forward half box, followed by a backward half box. The follower performs the
opposite – she starts with the right foot and executes a backward half box,
followed by a forward half box. The basic box step pattern uses three counts -
slow, quick, quick, which is repeated twice to create the box step. Timing is
1,2,3,1,2,3 or 1,2,3,4,5,6.

Tango

Tango is a dance that was invented in Argentina and Uruguay in the late
nineteenth century. It was originally popular among the working classes of
Central America, but eventually became a dance celebrated throughout the
world. It has influenced the creation of many modern music styles. The meaning
of tango is debated by various authorities. Some suggest that the word refers to
gatherings of workers and slaves around the River Plata, which ran through the
region in which the dance was invented. Others state that it came from an
African word meaning "drum," or "to dance."' The majority of etymologists,
people who study the origin and history of words, concur that the word has both
Spanish and African influences.

The dance styles that contributed to the development of the tango included the
candombe, from Afro-Latin cultures, and the habanera dance from Cuba. It was
also influenced by the melding of the common cultural elements of the lowest
and highest classes of Argentinian society, which would often both be found in
the locales in which the tango was played and performed. One of the most
famous tango music examples in the world is Tango in D, by Isaac Albeniz.
Albeniz was born in Spain but dedicated much of his life to learning the different
folk songs of the Spanish diaspora and contributing to these music styles.
However, he was not strictly a tango composer. Prominent tango composers
include Angel Villoldo, Ernesto Ponzio, and Gerardo Matos Rodriguez, a
Uruguayan composer who wrote La Cumparsita, the most widely-played piece of
tango music, in 1919. Other prominent tango songs include El Choclo and Mi
Noche Triste.

Tango is a walking dance, meaning that all the steps are based on walking.
When you start learning it, you must first master some basic movements. Don't
worry, basic steps are not that difficult to learn. Beginners usually start with 8-
Count Basic or simply Tango Basic. Tango Basic is made of five steps taken to 8
counts of music. The rhythm is slow, slow, quick, quick, slow. The slow steps
consume two beats of music and the quick steps one. Tango music is usually
written in 4/4 time (but also in 2/4 time) and played at a tempo of 30-33
measures per minute.

Mambo

Mambo is one of the Latin ballroom dances, which originated in Cuba. It is

characterized by the exciting energy and enticing rhythms, which draws eyes
and allows for a lot of fun for the dancers. Additionally, the Mambo is flirty and
sensual. It originated in the areas of Haitian settlements in Cuba. Many sources
claim that the dance was named after Haitian voodoo priests (called “Mambo”)
who served the villagers as healers and spiritual advisors. Mambo was also a
word used for their drums that were used in rituals. Other sources say that the
word was used to mean “shake it” or “a conversation with the Gods.”

The beginning of the Mambo occurred from music that was not even really
intended for dancing. The music had roots in English and French music. It was
music for music’s sake and was not for the purposes of dancing. While this type
of music did have the possibility of being danced to, no dance had been created
at the time that would match the beats. While originating in Cuba, the conductor
of an orchestra would shout “give it mambo,” to signify the beginning of the
orchestra to improvise their music. Perez Prado came up with the dance steps
for the Mambo in 1940. Perez introduced the dance at the La Tropicana nightclub
in Havana in 1943.
Stand facing your partner. Place your feet together. Place the right hand on your
partner’s waist and extend your left hand, palm facing up and arm bent to your
side. Hold your partner’s hand in a loose grip and wait for the music to begin. Do
not move when you hear the first beat. On the second beat, step back with your
right foot. On the third beat, shift the body weight to your left foot. Step forward
with your right foot and bring both feet together on the fourth beat. The body
weight has to be shifted on the right foot again. After pausing for the fifth beat,
shift your weight to your left foot and step forward on the sixth beat. Shift the
weight back to your right foot on the seventh beat and on the final eight beat
shift your weight back to your left and step back, bringing your feet together
again. The female partner dances on the exact opposite dance moves of the
male partner. She has to follow her man’s lead, dancing backward when he
moves forward and moving forward when he dances backward.

Quickstep

The Quickstep is an energetic ballroom dance that has recently gained more
exposure from TV shows like, “Dancing With the Stars” and “So You Think You
Can Dance.” It is characterized by quick, lively steps to very fast-paced music.
The history developing out of England began in the 1850’s when the general
public commemorated presidents, military exhibitions, regiments, and heroes
with a march known as the Quickstep. This march merged with the One Step,
the Peabody, the Black Bottom, the Charleston, and Foxtrot dances to create the
Quickstep known today. This English’s Quickstep focused heavily on smooth
steps of the Charleston with the movement and rhythm of the Foxtrot, although
most dancers found the tempo of the Foxtrot to be too slow. When big bands
started playing music at a faster tempo, dancers quickened the steps of the
foxtrot and the Charleston.

While the dance grew out of the foxtrot, the Quickstep today is quite separate.
In Quickstep, the man often closes his feet and regularly uses syncopated steps.
These movement characteristics could be found in early foxtrot dances, but is
not the case with modern foxtrot today. Quickstep dancers skip, jump, run and
kick while performing this entertaining dance. Today’s modern Quickstep is
different than it’s earlier and original versions. The speed of the dance is around
200 beats per minute, is in 4/4 time, and is one of the five standard ballroom
dances.

Forward, side-close-side the leader brings their right foot forward, quickly takes
a step to the side with their left foot, and closes with their right foot, bringing
their feet together. The next slow step—outward to the left—ends this first slow-
quick-quick-slow movement and sets the dancers up for the next pattern. Back,
side-close-side the leader then steps back with their right foot, steps to the left
with their left foot, closes their feet with their right foot, and steps to the side
again with their left foot. This is the second slow-quick-quick-slow. Repeat: The
footwork of steps one and two repeats. Play a song written in a steady 4/4 time
signature and repeat “slow-quick-quick-slow” in your head to find the rhythm.
Keep your torso steady as you move your feet.

Jive

The Jive is lively and fast-paced dance that is typically danced to up-beat swing
or contemporary music. In the competitive ballroom dancing communities, the
Jive is considered a Latin dance, however, it also belongs to the swing dancing
family. It’s a popular dance on shows such as, “So You Think You Can Dance”
and “Dancing with the Stars.” The Jive has been around for nearly one hundred
years, and has evolved and changed throughout its lifetime. There are at least
three different main threads of the Jive. The first style is celebrated by those
who love the music, fashion, and style of the traditional style of Jive which has
also been called Lindy Hop, Jitterbug, and Rock ‘n Roll, among other names.
Another style of the Jive is Ballroom Jive and is danced in ballrooms and
ballroom dance studios.

The word “jive” was slang often associated swing music and early jazz, as well
as imitation, exaggeration, and foolish talk. It’s possible the word “jive” came
from the English “Jibe,” meaning to change course by swinging a sail across a
following wind, or the West African “jev.” The phrase “they’re just jiving,”
meaning they’re just fooling around, was probably mistaken to mean the actual
name of a dance. The singer and bandleader Cab Calloway made the word more
widely known to the public when he associated it with swing and published it in
the first African-American slang dictionary. The Jive was also called the
“Jitterbug Jive” and was a category of dance in the 1935 dance competitions
hosted in New York City at the annual “Harvest Moon Ball.” The word “Jitterbug,”
is believed to be coined by Cab Calloway’s band’s trombonist Harry White who
described dancers as moving “like the frenzy of jittering bugs.”

The basic steps for jive are based on a simple six beat sequence: 1-2-3-a-4-5-a-
6. The count begins with the rock step (left foot step back, right foot in place),
followed by the two triple steps (chasse) that are counted: 3-a-4, 5-a-6. The
Rock Step is simply changing weight from one foot to the other, except that it is
taking a little step back, instead of to the side. A chasse is a series of three steps
to the side. Jive is generally danced to music with four beats to the bar that
usually contains bouncy rhythms and easy melodies. The basic step (for men)
starts with a rock step (changing weight from one foot to the other) followed by
triple step to the left (left, right, left) and triple step to the right (right, left,
right). The lady mirrors the man. Remember, the timing is – 1, 2, 3 & 4, 5 & 6.

Bolero

The Bolero is a slow Latin dance with roots in Spain and Cuba. It is a unique
dance with Latin as well as Ballroom dancing characteristics. The sliding steps,
soft hip motion and close dance hold make this a romantic and powerful dance
style. The Bolero originated as a Spanish dance in 1770s and had many different
names. It was known as the “Escuela Bolera, “Goyescas”, and “Baile de Palillos”.
Bolero dancing fused common popular dances with classical ballet to create a
dance that was more polished for stage. It combined contradanza with the
sevilana.
The Bolero started as a dance for a couple, but later became adapted for larger
venues that needed more dancers with more technical choreography and moves.
The Bolero developed for a theater setting due in part to the influence of Italian
Ballet specialist who frequently performed in Spain during this time. During the
19th Century, Bolero dancing really began to evolve and gain recognition due to
the opening of the Escuela Bolero (Bolero School). Spanish dancers performed
the Bolero in Spain and in throughout Europe. Bolero dancing soon became
known in several European capital cities. The Bolero’s contact with European
Romantic and Post-Romantic Ballet between 1835 and 1880 influenced its
development.

There are two versions of the Bolero Basic Movement: The simple version, taken
in closed facing position with or without hip motion, and the more stylized
version, taken in closed contact position without hip motion. Closed contact
position gives the Bolero Basic a more Waltz-like appearance, due to the body
contact itself, the elevation and lowering, the lack of hip motion and the body
shaping. It also allows for a greater degree of turn: Whereas the normal Basic
Movement in non-contact position can turn up to 1/2 to left over the 6 steps, the
Basic Movement in contact position can turn up to 7/8 total. It begins with steps
1-3 of the Closed Basic. (The closed contact Basic is shown, but it can also be
done from closed facing / non-contact position). On step 3, the man prepares by
increasing tone in the arms and extending them, in order to lead the lady to
begin moving apart. Step 4 is taken diagonally forward by the man, straight
back by the lady, ended in open facing position. The figure is then followed by
steps 5-6 of Progressive Basic, or any figure in open position.

Paso Doble

The Paso Doble is a theatrical Latin dance with Spanish and French origins. It is
a dramatic dance that tells a story through sharp, staccato movements, striking
body poses, and flamenco style footwork. Although there is not a lot of recorded
history written about the Paso Doble dance, there are some shared beliefs about
the dance’s origins and evolution. The Paso Doble is a passionate dance based
on a Spanish bullfight. The leader represents the proud Spanish matador and the
woman or follower is the Matador’s cape. The follower will sometimes also
represent the bull, picador or flamenco dancer.

Paso Doble music was originally played for the entrance of the matador into the
bull-fighting ring. In Spainish tradition dating back to the 18th century, it was
also known as “El Soleo”. Although the Paso Doble is based on a Spanish
tradition, it’s believed that the dance was created in Southern France where they
tried to portray the theatrics of the Spanish bullfight. The name of the dance,
“Paso Doble” is believed to trace back to a French military march with a similar
name, “Paso Redoble.” The Paso Redoble was a march with a 2/4 beat and about
130 beats or steps per minute.

Foxtrot

The Foxtrot is a smooth and elegant Ballroom dance that was a favorite of Fred
and Ginger Rogers. It’s a versatile dance that can be danced to many different
tempos and variety of music. Therefore, it’s a popular style to learn for a
wedding dance or social events and dancing parties. The exact origins of the
Foxtrot remain unknown. However, a Vaudeville actor named Harry Fox who
performed a variety act in New York City popularized the Foxtrot in 1914. Harry
Fox was born with the name Arthur Carringford in 1882 in Pomona, California
and was give then name of “Fox” after his grandfather. At the age of 15, Fox
was pushed to support himself and joined a circus for a short tour.

In 1914, Fox took the stage with his company of “American Beauties” in a New
York theatre. Their dancing act was featured in between shows at the world’s
largest movie house. One of their dancing acts included Henry trotting to
ragtime music. At first, the Foxtrot had many short, “trotting” steps, as well as
kicks, jumps and lunges. By the 1930s, the Foxtrot slowed down in tempo and
dancers started taking longer steps and creating the elegant, continuous strides.
When the dance migrated to Britain, ballroom experts smoothed the scampers,
hops, and kicks out of Fox’s trot. This smoother version of the dance is much like
the Foxtrot that is practiced today.

The basic elements of foxtrot are walking steps and side steps. The long walking
movements also involve a rise & fall action, which is similar to waltz, although
more subtle. The basic box step is also similar to waltz steps – the main
difference being timing (foxtrot is 4/4, waltz is 3/4). If you already know how to
waltz, then learning foxtrot will be just a matter of rhythm. The basic rhythm is
slow, slow, quick, quick. The slow steps use 2 beats of music and the quick steps
use one. The slow steps are long and elegant, and the quick steps are short and
energetic. As already mentioned, the music is played in 4/4 timing. Foxtrot is
danced in a normal closed position, which means facing your partner and holding
them close.
Ortiz, Sheena Lou A.

BSN2-A2

8:30-9:30 MW

Reflection on 5s Grand Launching

Implementing the 5s methodology in my life has been a transformative

experience. Originating in Japan, the 5S system is a structured approach to
organizing and maintaining a clean and efficient workspace. However, I've found
that it can be quite difficult when applied to one's personal life. Sorting involves
eliminating unnecessary clutter and focusing on what truly matters. In my
personal life I’m not a sort of person who cluttered things and keep it organized
because I’m too lazy. I’ve find a courage to do sorting because of 5s and it’s
truly remarkable. Systematized setting things in order means creating a
structured and organized environment. As I said I’m not organized person before
implementing 5s in my personal life. Upon hearing 5s in grand launching, I come
to realized how important organizing is and I started to organize my works in
order. Sweeping encourages cleanliness and regular maintenance. This extends
beyond cleanliness to self-care. This is also not a thing I do all the time, I hate
doing chores not because I’m lazy I just hate it and it’s self-explanatory. I think
this method in the 5s would not really implement my personal life because I’m
not used of doing this at all. Sanitized means creating uniform procedures to
sustain the first three S's. Sanitation is very common in the field of nursing it
keeps us organized while staying healthy and safe at all times. Discipline is the
cornerstone of the 5s methodology. As a student nurse I think discipline is a vital
role for each and every one of us. It is the most important thing we need to
embody forever in our personal lives. Therefore I end my statement by saying
the 5s methodology has not only made me more organized and efficient but has
also brought about a sense of calm and clarity. It has enabled me to focus on
my priorities, reduce stress, and lead a more fulfilling life. This structured
approach, borrowed from the world of Lean manufacturing, has proven to be a
valuable tool for personal development and growth. Thank you