GAMABA (Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan)

 institutionalized in 1992 through Republic Act No. 7355.

 a National Living Treasure or Manlilikha ng Bayan is a Filipino citizen or group of Filipino citizens
engaged in any traditional art uniquely Filipino

Criteria:

1. Possess a mastery of tools and materials needed for the traditional

2. Have consistently produced works of superior quality over significant period
3. Have engaged in a traditional and folk art which has been in existence and documented for at least fifty
(50) years
4. Command respect and inspire admiration of the country
5. Must have transferred and/or willing to transfer to other members of the community the skills in the
traditional and folk arts for which the community has become nationally known
6. However, a candidate who, due to age or infirmity, has left him/her/them incapable of teaching further
his/her/their craft, may still be recognized provided that he/she/they must possess the qualifications as
enumerated above

Benefits

Individual:

1. The rank and title of Manlilikha ng Bayan, as proclaimed by the President of the Philippines in
accordance with Executive Order No. 236 or Honors Code of the Philippines
2. The GAMABA gold-plated medallion
3. A lifetime emolument and materials and physical benefits
4. A state funeral
5. A place of honor

Group:

1. The rank and title of Manlilikha ng Bayan

2. The GAMABA plaque for the group
3. A one-time award of Two Hundred Thousand Pesos (Php 200,000.00), net of taxes
4. The group shall designate its leader who will represent and attend events and functions on behalf of the
group

GAMABA Awardees

1. Ginaw Bilog (Hanunuo Mangyan) (Panaytayan, Oriental Mindoro – Region IV-B, Mimaropa)
 Poet, 1993
 Ambahan – is a kind of poem consisting of seven syllable lines which most of the time contains
messages of love and friendship.

2. Masino Intaray (Palawan) (Brookes Point, Palawan – Region IV-B, Mimaropa)

 Musician and Storyteller, 1993
 musician and a poet whose Expertise were the Basal, Kulilal, and Bagit.

3. Samaon Sulaiman (Mama Sa Pano, Maguindanao – Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim

Mindanao (BARMM))
 Musician, 1993
 Master in playing the kutyapi, a 2-stringed plucked lute which is one of the most difficult to
master indigenous Filipino instrument.

4. Lang Dulay (T’boli) (Lake Sebu, South Cotabato – Region 12, Soccsksargen)
 Textile Weaver, 1998
 Tnalak – a kind of fabric made up of fine abaca fibers weaved with different designs which
reflect the traditions of the Tboli.

5. Salinta Monon (Tagabawa Bagobo) (Bansalan, Davao Del Sur – Region 11, Davao Region)
 Textile Weaver, 1998
 Start weaving at the of 12 through the Guidance of her mother; used to wear the traditional hand
Woven tube skirt of the Bagobo

6. Alonzo Saclag (Lubuagan, Kalinga – Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) or Cordillera Region)
 Musician and Dancer, 2000
 he has also mastered the dance patterns and movements associated with his people’s ritual
 7. Federico Caballero (Sulod-Bukidnon) (Calinog, Iloilo – Region 6, Western Visayas)
 Epic Chanter, 2000

8. Uwang Ahadas (Yakan) (Lamitan, Basilan – Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
(BARMM)
 Musician, 2000
 Kwintangan kayu – consisting of five wooden logs Hung horizontally, from the shortest to the
longest; played to serenade the palay, as lover woos his beloved.

9. DARHATA SAWABI (Tausug) (Parang, Sulu – Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
(BARMM)
 Textile Weaver, 2004
 Weaving the Pis Syabit, the traditional cloth tapestry worn as a head covering by the Tausug of
Jolo.

10. Eduardo Mutuc (Kapampangan) (Apalit Pampanga – Region 3, Central Luzon)

 Metalsmith, 2004
 Creating religious and secular art in silver, bronze and wood.

11. Haja Amina Appi (Sama) (Tandubas, Tawi-Tawi – Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM))
 Mat Weaver, 2004
 mat weaving is one of the treasured traditions of the Sama People; made up of Pandan Leaves
w/c undergo tedious processes from stripping, to sun dying, to dyeing up to weaving.

12. Teofilo Garcia (Ilocano) (San Quintin, Abra – Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR))
 Casque Maker, 2012
 make to wear Tabungaw; weatherproof and made from Upo

13. Magdalena Gamayo (Ilocano) (Pinili, Ilocos Norte – Region 1, Ilocos Region)
 Textile Weaver, 2012
 Abel – the textile weaving of Ilokano from local Cotton and other fibers. Traditional Patterns:
Binakol and Inuritan (geometric design) Kusikos (spiral forms similar to orange) Sinan-sabong
(Flowers)

14. Ambalang Ausalin (Lamitan City, Basilan – Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
(BARMM)
 Textile Weaver, 2016

15. Estelita Bantilan (Malapatan, Sarangani – Region 12, Soccsksargen)

 Mat Weaver, 2016
 B'laan mat weaver; credited with creating "some of the biggest, most subtly beautiful mats to be
seen anywhere in Southeast Asia

16. Yabing Masalon Dulo (Landan, South Cotabato – Region 12, Soccsksargen)
 Ikat Weaver, 2016
 known for her mastery of colorful ikat weaving and a revered teacher

National Artists in The Philippines

1. Fernando Amorsolo (1972)

 Manila (NCR)
 first National Artist of the Philippines for painting
 Painting ex. Making of the Philippine Flag, Planting Rice

2. Francisca R. Aquino (1973)

 Bocaue, Bulacan (Region 3 – Central Luzon)
 acknowledged as the Folk-Dance Pioneer
 Dance

3. Carlos V. Francisco (1973)

 Angono, Rizal (Region IV-A – Calabarzon)
 popularly known as Botong, was a muralist from Angono, Rizal
  Painting ex. Bayanihan, First Mass in the Philippines

4. Amado V. Hernandez (1973)

 Tondo, Manila (NCR)
 known for his criticism of social injustices in the Philippines
 Literature ex. Mga Ibong Mandaragit, Luha Ng Buwaya

5. Antonio J. Molina (1973)

 Quiapo, Manila (NCR)
 known as the “dean of Filipino composers”
 Music ex. Misa Antoniana Grand Festival Mass, Ang Batingaw

6. Juan F. Nakpil (1973)

 Quiapo, Manila (NCR)
 country's first National Artist for architecture
 Architecture ex. The University of the Philippines-Diliman Administration Building, Quiapo
Church

7. Guillermo E. Tolentino (1973)

 Malolos, Bulacan (Region 3 – Central Luzon)
 The Father of Philippine Arts
 Sculpture ex. Bonifacio Monument, The Oblation

8. Jose Garcia Villa (1973)

 Manila (NCR)
 considered as one of the finest contemporary poets regardless of race or language
 Literature ex. Footnote to Youth, Have Come, Am Here

9. Napoleon V. Abueva (1976)

 Tagbilaran City (Region 7 – Central Visayas)
 known as the "Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture"
 Sculpture ex. Thirty Pieces of Silver, The Transfiguration

10. Lamberto V. Avellana (1976)

 Bontoc, Mountain Province (Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) or Cordillera Region)
 called “The Boy Wonder of Philippine Movies”
 Theater and Film ex. A Portrait of The Artist as Filipino, Anak Dalita

11. Leonor O. Goquingco (1976)

 Jolo, Sulu (Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM))
 known for breaking tradition within dance
 Dance ex. Filipinescas: Philippine Life, Legend and Lore, In a Javanese Garden
12. Nick Joaquin (1976)
 Paco, Manila (NCR)
 one of the most renowned English writers in Philippine history
 Literature ex. Tropical Gothic, Stories for Groovy Kids

13. Jovita Fuentes (1976)

 Roxas City, Capiz (Region 6 – Western Visayas)
 a Filipina soprano singer
 Music ex. Kung Hindi Man, Mutya ng Pasig

14. Victorio C. Edades (1976)

 Dagupan City (Region 1 – Ilocos Region)
 the pioneer in modernism in the Philippine art scene
 Painting ex. The Builder, The Sketch

15. Pablo S. Antonio (1976)

 Binondo, Manila (NCR)
 recognized in some quarters as the foremost Filipino modernist architect of his time
 Architecture ex. Far Eastern University Administration and Science buildings, Manila Polo Club
16. Vicente S. Manansala (1981)
 Macabebe, Pampanga (Region 3 – Central Luzon)
 known for his Cubist paintings and prints
 Painting ex. Madonna of the Slums, Ang Magbabayo

17. Carlos P. Romulo (1982)

 Camiling, Tarlac (Region 3 – Central Luzon)
 was an author and the foremost diplomat of the Philippines
 Literature ex. I Walked with Heroes, I Saw the Fall of the Philippines

18. Gerardo de Leon (1982)

 Manila (NCR)
 a Filipino film director and actor
 Cinema ex. Noli me tángere, Huwag Mo Akong Limutin

19. Honorata “Atang” dela Rama (1987)

 Tondo, Manila (NCR)
 was formally honored as the Queen of Kundiman in 1979
 Theater and Music ex. Anak ni Eva, Bulaklak ng Kabundukan

20. Antonino R. Buenaventura (1988)

 Baliuag, Bulacan (Region 3 – Central Luzon)
 a distinguished composer and educator
 Music ex. Triumphal March, Echoes of the Past

21. Lucrecia R. Urtula (1988)

 Iloilo (Region 1 – Ilocos Region)
 founding director of the Bayanihan Philippine National Folk-Dance Company
 Dance ex. Philippine National Dances, Gymnastics for Girls

22. Lucrecia R. Kasilag (1989)

 San Fernando, La Union (Region 1 – Ilocos Region)
 known for incorporating indigenous Filipino instruments into orchestral productions
 Music ex. Sonata Orientale, Ang Pamana

23. Francisco Arcellana (1990)

 Manila (NCR)
 one of the most important progenitors of the modern Filipino short story in English
 Literature ex. The mats, Selected Stories

24. Cesar F. Legaspi (1990)

 Tondo, Manila (NCR)
 remembered for his singular achievement of refining cubism in the Philippine context
 Visual Arts ex. Diggers, Idols of the Third Eye

25. Leandro V. Locsin (1990)

 Silay, Negros Occidental (Region 6 – Western Visayas)
 known for his use of concrete, floating volume and simplistic design
 Architecture ex. Church of the Holy Sacrifice-UP Diliman, Ozamiz City Cathedral

26. Hernando R. Ocampo (1991)

 Manila (NCR)
 self-taught painter
 Visual Arts ex. Man and Carabao, Calvary

27. Lucio D. San Pedro (1991)

 Angono, Rizal (Region IV-A – Calabarzon)
 a Filipino composer and teacher
 Music ex. Sa Ugoy ng Duyan, In the Silence of the Night

28. Lino Brocka (1997)

 Pilar, Sorsogon (Region 5 - Bicol Region)
  widely regarded as one of the most influential and significant Filipino filmmakers
 Cinema ex. Insiang, Jaguar

29. Felipe P. de Leon (1997)

 Penaranda, Nueva Ecija (Region 3 – Central Luzon)
 a Filipino classical music composer, conductor, and scholar
 Music ex. Ang Bayan Ko'y May Dangal, Puri't Kagitingan, Inday sa Balitaw

30. Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero (1997)

 Ermita, Manila (NCR)
 wrote well over 100 plays, 41 of which have been published
 Theater ex. Movie Artists, Basketball Fight

31. Rolando S. Tinio (1997)

 Tondo, Manila (NCR)
 known as a playwright and translator of plays
 Theater & Literature ex. My Country, Jaguar and Orapronobis

32. Levi Celerio (1997)

 Tondo, Manila (NCR)
 known for using the leaf as a musical instrument
 Music & Literature ex. Ang Pasko ay Sumapit, Kahit Konting Pagtingin

33. Néstor Vicente Madali González (1997)

 Romblon (Region IV-B – Mimaropa)
 an important icon among the Filipino literary community
 Literature ex. The Bamboo Dancers, Look Stranger

34. Arturo R. Luz (1997)

 Manila (NCR)
 also, a known printmaker, sculptor, designer and art administrator
 Visual Arts ex. Bagong Taon, Vendador de Flores

35. Jose M. Maceda (1997)

 Manila (NCR)
 a Filipino composer and ethnomusicologist
 Music ex. gma-ugma, Pagsamba

36. Carlos Quirino (1997)

 Manila (NCR)
 has the distinction of having written one of the earliest biographies of Jose Rizal titled The Great
Malayan
 Historical Literature ex. Man of Destiny, Magsaysay of the Philippines

37. J. Elizalde Navarro (1999)

 San Jose de Buenavista, Antique (Region 6 – Western Visayas)
 a versatile artist, being both a proficient painter and sculptor
 Painting ex. I'm Sorry Jesus, I Can't Attend Christmas This Year, Homage to Dodjie Laurel

38. Prof. Andrea Veneracion (1999)

 Manila (NCR)
 a Filipina choral conductor
 Music, founder of the Philippine Madrigal Singers

39. Edith L. Tiempo (1999)

 Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya (Region 2 – Cagayan Valley)
 one of the finest Filipino writers in English
 Literature ex. A Blade of Fern, His Native Coast
40. Daisy H. Avellana (1999)
 Roxas City (Region VI – Western Visayas)
 a Filipino stage actress and theater director
 Theater, most remembered for her role as Candida Marasigan in Nick Joaquin's 'Portrait of an
Artist as Filipino. In 1939, she and Lamberto founded the Barangay Theatre Guild.

41. Ernani J. Cuenco (1999)

 Malolos, Bulacan (Region 3 – Central Luzon)
 a Filipino composer, film scorer, musical director, and music teacher
 Music ex. Gaano Ko Ikaw Kamahal, Bato sa Buhangin

42. F. Sionil Jose (2001)

 Rosales, Pangasinan (Region I – Ilocos Region)
 one of the most widely read Filipino writers in the English language
 Literature ex. Ermita, Gagamba

43. Ang Kiukok (2001)

 Davao City, Davao del Sur (Region 11 – Davao Region)
 a Filipino painter known for his expressive, Cubist-like works
 Visual Arts ex. Still Life, The Bird

44. Ishmael Bernal (2001)

 Manila (NCR)
 critics have hailed him as “the genius of Philippine cinema”
 Cinema ex. Broken Marriage, Himala

45. Severino Montano (2001)

 Laoag, Ilocos Norte (Region I – Ilocos Region)
 considered as one of the Titans of Philippine Theater
 Theater ex. My Morning Star, Gabriela Silang

46. Jose T. Joya (2003)

 Manila (NCR)
 a Filipino abstract artist
 Visual Arts (Painting) ex. Beethoven Listening to the Blues, Space Transfiguration

47. Virgilio S. Almario (2003)

 San Miguel, Bulacan (Region 3 – Central Luzon)
 better known by his pen name Rio Alma
 Literature ex. Ibong Adarna, Filipino translations of Jose Rizal's "Noli Me Tangere" and "El
filibusterismo”

48. Alejandro R. Roces (2003)

 Manila (NCR)
 was better known for his humorous short stories in English
 Literature ex. We Filipinos are Mild Drinkers, My Brothers Peculiar Chicken

49. Eddie S. Romero (2003)

 Dumaguete, Negros Oriental (Region 7 – Central Visayas)
 a Filipino film director, film producer and screenwriter.
 Cinema & Broadcast Arts ex. Ganito Kami Noon... Paano Kayo Ngayon?, Aguila

50. Salvador F. Bernal (2003)

 Dagupan, Pangasinan (Region I – Ilocos Region)
 Father of Theater Design
 Theater Design ex. Sa Bunganga ng Pating, The Magic Flute

51. Benedicto R. Cabrera (2006)

 Malabon (NCR)
 better known as "BenCab", is a Filipino painter
 Visual Arts ex. Madonna with Objects, People Waiting
52. Abdulmari Asia Imao (2006)
 Siasi, Sulu (ARMM)
 a Filipino painter and sculptor
 Visual Arts ex. Sarimanok (sculpture), Industry Brass Mural

53. Dr. Bienvenido Lumbera (2006)

 Lipa, Batangas (Region IV-A – Calabarzon)
 a Filipino poet, critic and dramatist
 Literature ex. Rama Hari, Bayani

54. Ramon Obusan (2006)

 Legazpi, Albay (Region 5 – Bicol Region)
 a Filipino dancer, choreographer, stage designer and artistic director
 Dance ex. Vamos a Belen!, Noon Po sa Amin, tableaux of Philippine History in song, drama and
dance

55. Fernando Poe Jr. (2006)

 Manila (NCR)
 colloquially known as FPJ. His long career as an action film star earned him the nickname "King
of Philippine Movies
 Cinema ex. Muslim Magnum 357, The Ravagers

56. Archt. Ildefonso P. Santos, Jr. (2006)

 Malabon (NCR)
 a Filipino architect who was known for being the "Father of Philippine Landscape Architecture."
 Landscape Architecture ex. seminal public landscape in Paco Park, Tagaytay Highland Resort

57. Ramon O. Valera (2006)

 Abra (CAR)
 a Filipino fashion designer
 Fashion Design ex. inaugural gowns of all the first ladies from Aurora Quezon to Imelda Marcos

58. Manuel Conde (2009)

 Daet, Camarines Norte (Region 5 – Bicol Region)
 a Filipino actor, director and producer
 Film ex. Ibong Adarna, Si Juan Tamad

59. Lázaro Francísco (2009)

 Orani, Bataan (Region 3 – Central Luzon)
 a Filipino novelist, essayist and playwright
 Literature ex. Maganda Pa Ang Daigdig, Daluyong

60. Federico Aguilar Alcuaz (2009)

 Santa Cruz, Manila (NCR)
 Filipino painter known for his Cubist-inspired paintings whose work earned him recognition both
in the Philippines and abroad
 Visual Arts ex. Tres Marias, Panoramic View of Manila

61. Alice Reyes (2014)

 Manila (NCR)
 a Filipina dancer, choreographer, teacher, director and producer. The founder of Ballet
Philippines
 Dance ex. Amada, At a Maranaw Gathering

62. Francisco V. Coching (2014)

 Pasig (NCR)
 a Filipino comic books illustrator and writer and is regarded as one of the “pillars of the
Philippine Komiks Industry”
 Visual Arts ex. Hagibis, Pedro Penduko
 63. Cirilo F. Bautista (2014)
 Manila (NCR)
 a Filipino poet, critic and writer of nonfiction
 Literature ex. epic poetry trilogy The Trilogy of Saint Lazarus, Summer Suns

64. Francisco F. Feliciano (2014)

 Morong, Rizal (Region IV-A – Calabarzon)
 was one of the Philippines' most important composers and conductor
 Music ex. La Loba Negra, Pokpok Alimpako (opera)

65. Ramon P. Santos (2014)

 Pasig (NCR)
 a Filipino composer, musicologist and ethnomusicologist
 Music ex. Tunugan, Laon-laon

66. Jose Maria V. Zaragoza (2014)

 Quiapo, Manila (NCR)
 the last Architect who was Awarded as a National Artist
 Architecture ex. Santo Domingo Church, Our Lady of Rosary in Tala

Themes and Subject Matter

Subject – refers to what they are all about; main focus

Theme – what connect subjects to their social milieu

Ecology – Rhacophorus Rizali (frog), species named after Rizal

 Apogonia Rizali (beetle)

Elements of Visual Arts

Line

 a mark on a surface that describes a shape or outline

Types

1. Horizontal lines – repose and serenity. They express ideas of calmness and quiescence
2. Vertical lines –poised, balanced, forceful, and dynamic. They express an impression of dignity
3. Diagonal lines – suggest action and movement. They give animation to any composition in which they
appear.
4. Curved lines – suggest grace, movement, flexibility, and joyousness.

Main Types of Lines

1. Repetition – when two or more lines are drawn within a corner following the lines of the corner
2. Contrast – that are in opposition to each other
3. Transition line – connects two workflow elements. Transition lines allow you to define what the next
step in a workflow will be.

Color

 an element of art with three properties

1. Hue – name of the color, e.g., red, yellow, etc.
2. Intensity – purity and strength of the color such as brightness or dullness.
3. Value – lightness or darkness of the color and it is changed by adding black or white to a color.

Color Wheel – abstract illustrative organization of color hues around a circle, that shows relationships
between primary, secondary, and tertiary colors, etc.

Three Primary Colors (Ps): Red, Yellow, Blue.

Three Secondary Colors (S'): Orange, Green, Violet.
Six Tertiary Colors (Ts): Red-Orange, Yellow-Orange, Yellow-Green, Blue-Green, Blue-Violet, Red-Violet
Attributes of Color

1. Tint is a mixture of a color with white, which increases lightness

2. Shade is a mixture with black

Psychology of Colors

 Black is associated with death and gloom

 White stands for purity and innocence
 Red is associated with blood, anger and fear
 Green implies happiness and abundance

Texture

 deals more directly with the sense of touch; can be rough or smooth, spikey, fine or coarse, shiny or
dull, plain or irregular

Perspective

 deals with the effect of distance upon the appearance of objects, by means of which the eye judges
spatial relationships.

Kinds of Perspective

1. Linear perspective – representation of an appearance of distance by means of converging lines (parang

may end line sa dulo)
2. Aerial perspective – representation of relative distances of objects by gradations of tone or color;
Objects become fainter in the distance due to the effect of the atmosphere

Space

 refers to distances or areas around, between or within components of a piece

Kinds of Space

1. Positive space – the areas in a work of art that are the subjects, or areas of interest. (white or light)
2. Negative space – areas around the subjects, or areas of interest. (black or dark)

Form

 applies to the over-all design of a work of art

 describes the structure or shape of an object

Types of Form

1. Organic forms – naturally occurring

2. Geometric forms – manmade

Volume

 refers to the amount of space occupied in three dimensions; solidity or thickness