Global Grains Export Development Global Oilseeds Complex Export Development Top 10 Grains Producers, 2015/16 vs.

Global Oilseeds Complex Export Development Top 10 Grains Producers, 2015/16 vs. 2020/21 Top 10 Grains Importers, 2015/16 vs. 2020/21 Pulses Trade Flows, 2019
90 450 180 450

USD billion

million metric tons

USD billion

million metric tons

US China
80 400 160 400
China Egypt
70 350 140 350 Norway
109
EU-27+UK Japan 79 67
Russia
60 300 120 300 Canada
India Mexico 127 Ukraine
50 250 100 250 140
EU-27+UK
96
Russia EU-27+UK US
192 61 52 141
40 200 80 200 Turkey 107 2,025
192 64 China
Brazil South Korea Iraq 144 128
30 150 60 150 114 119
53 Nepal
Algeria Egypt 58 Pakistan 107 673 214
UAE
20 100 40 100 Argentina Vietnam Cuba 51
198 85 93 108 624
Bangladesh
77 56 207 242
57 India 210
10 50 20 50 Ukraine Saudi Arabia 88

2020/21 2020/21 84 Sri Lanka

0 0 0 0 Canada 2015/16 Algeria 2015/16
105
Colombia
79
2009/10 ’10/11 ’11/12 ’12/13 ’13/14 ’14/15 ’15/16 ’16/17 ’17/18 ’18/19 ’19/20 2009/10 ’10/11 ’11/12 ’12/13 ’13/14 ’14/15 ’15/16 ’16/17 ’17/18 ’18/19 ’19/20
grains include wheat, corn, and barley grains include wheat, corn, and barley
Australia Indonesia
Wheat export value Barley export value Total export volume (RHS) Soybean complex value Rapeseed complex value Total export volume (RHS)
million million
Corn export value Palm oil complex value Sunflower complex value ‘complex’ refers to meal, seed, and oil metric tons 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 metric tons 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

Australia

Main exporters of dry peas Main exporters of lentils Main exporters of chickpeas
(total trade volume 5.4m metric tons) (total trade volume 3.4m metric tons) (total trade volume 1.8m metric tons)

World Grains &

Trade flow (thousand metric tons)
250 EU-27+UK 3% ROW 5%
Lentils US 5% Russia 4% ROW 4%
250 Turkey 7%
Russia 25%

Oilseeds Map
Chickpeas Ukraine 9% ROW 31%
250 US 8%
Dry peas
Russia 11% Canada 62%
The minimum requirement Australia 15% Canada 7%
Canada 67% Australia 22%
to depict a trade flow is Turkey 7% US 8%
50,000 metric tons.

RaboResearch
Food & Agribusiness Baffin Greenland
Bay (Den.) Barley, Durum Wheat, and Sorghum Trade Flows, 2018/19

Rabobank Group is a Netherlands-based international financial Russia

Russia
Iceland Soy- Soy Soy- Palm Canada 233
services provider focused on F&A, with operations in 42 countries. Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil

Visit far.rabobank.com to learn more about our knowledge Hudson Bay Sweden
P 11,415 71,685 4,027 834 3,664 -
225
708 137
Prince Rupert Churchill Finland I 37 446 2,162 42 193 1,098
669 EU-27+UK Kazakhstan
and services in the various F&A sectors. Norway
E 2,770 35,863 797 572 374 19 Sea Ukraine
Russia of 330
4521,548 186
EU-27+UK St. Petersburg Okhotsk 854 282 266 322 726 320 Japan
Canada Soy- Soy Soy- Palm Tallinn US 403 397
Turkey 384
China
far.rabobank.com Soy- Soy Soy- Palm Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil Estonia
Morocco 223 T. 727 1,623 2,506
188 145 637
Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil P 64,408 136,685 2,667 2,964 12,324 - 230 J. Iran
1,904 I 25,254 5,764 14,983 416 18,756 7,297 Göteborg Ventspils 844 K. 242 1,012 217
P 13,885 32,301 7,417 393 1,604 - Latvia 359 Algeria 260
E 3,632 23,310 179 788 374 116 Liepaja 2,335 UAE
Vancouver
341
I 2,562 482 1,172 23 1,018 111 1,453 Helsingborg Kazakhstan Mexico 1,154 356 Libya
E 1,797 24,380 5,258 173 425 3 Klaipeda Lithuania 131 1,888 Saudi 214
2,367 1,477 Gdynia Soy- Soy Soy- Palm 122 Arabia
United Gdansk Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil
1,512
Thailand
Canada Hamburg 2,021
Belarus Ukraine P 862 13,947 - - 171 - Sudan 270
Kingdom Nether-
lands Bremen 4,200 I 3 90 - - 61 - 129
779
Portland Port-Cartier
Ireland Amsterdam Poland Corn Wheat
Soy- Soy Soy- Palm
beans oil meal oil E 89 8,296 - - 15 -
Japan
Venezuela
5,658 2,094 Soy- Soy Soy- Palm
Thunder Bay Tilbury Rotterdam P 35,805 25,057 4,831 350 1,480 - Mongolia 190
Duluth
London
Southampton
Antwerp Germany I 40 114 3 - 3 214 Kazakhstan Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil
Colombia
4,189 Dunkirk Ghent B. E 30,321 16,019 2,531 334 777 6 P 2 860 213 482 1,863 -
250
Port of Québec
Le Havre Rouen
L. 16,161 Czech R. Sea I 16,050 5,726 3,314 13 1,596 782
E - 286 - - 1 -
Montréal EU-27+UK
Slovakia
M.Yuzhny Ukraine of
Corn, Wheat, and Soybeans Prices, 2009-2021 US 5,205 Volga-Don-Azov
Austria Mykolaiv
North Japan 158
Soy- Soy Soy- Palm
France Switzer- Hungary Odessa Mariupol
2,706 Peru
Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil US 2,727 land Slov. Illichivsk Korea Brazil
P 364,262 51,306 120,515 10,976 44,283 - Chicago
Hamilton 9,084 La Rochelle Venice Romania Novorossiysk 357 15,280 560
Dalian 1,408
700 I 710 3,664 383 180 620 1,526 Toledo
Bordeaux
Croatia B&H Serbia Constanta
Sevastopol
Kyrgyzstan 1,066 Kashima
USD/metric ton

Santander Genoa 2,833 Tianjin Incheon 2,452

E 52,483 25,502 47,676 880 12,191 6 Turkey
4,987 South Korea1,690 Japan
Ravenna Chiba
9,106 Livorno
Italy Mon. K Bulgaria Georgia Soy- Soy Soy- Palm Uzbekistan 22,576 Ulsan Yokohama
Marseille Qingdao
NM Tekirdag Ambarli Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil 1,974 Busan 1,072
600 987 Bari 1,166 Kobe Nagoya
Barcelona
Naples Alb. 1,331 2,135 5,217 P 5,700 19,000 Azerbaijan
Armenia 95 250 1,085 - 3,974 Rizhao 1,510 1,508
Australia
Tarragona I 2,876 6,366 2,405
Thessaloniki - 724 629 Turkmenistan Tajikistan China 2,317
Long Beach
502 Spain Valencia Taranto
Greece Turkey E 39 6,350 28 132 62 2 Soy- Soy Soy- Palm China South Korea Argentina
Gioia Tauro Izmir
1,050 Portugal Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil
500 Athens/Pireas
1,300 1,108
1,708 2,038 Nantong Soy- Soy Soy- Palm
P 257,174 131,430 15,967 15,232 67,320 - 57,964 Main exporters of barley Main exporters of durum wheat Main exporters of sorghum
Atlantic Cadiz
Mersin
Afghanistan I 4,483 3,145 82,540 783 17 6,795
Zhangjiagang
Shanghai P
Corn Wheat beans oil meal
78 26 89 176 785
oil
-
Trade flow (thousand metric tons)
(total trade volume 24.5m metric tons) (total trade volume 7.8m metric tons) (total trade volume 3.1m metric tons)
Málaga Algiers Syria Iran
E 19 1,006 116 197 932 31 5,400
I 10,856 3,908 1,373 328 1,855 665 1,000
400
Tangier Cyprus 2,491 8,962 595 Durum wheat Kazakhstan 7% ROW 1%
Savannah Tunisia Lebanon 2,056
Iran 1,714 Soy- Soy Soy- Palm
E - 293 - 2 71 -
EU-27+UK 20%
Haifa Iraq Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil 2,315 1,000 Canada 9% ROW 7%
1,287 1,162 1,046 Sorghum India 2%
6,425 1,546 P 1,200 14,500 160 445 1,890 - Mexico 6% ROW 9%
300
Houston New Orleans Canary Morocco Damietta
Alexandria Port
Israel
Jordan
1,222 I 9,000 180 2,346 346 2,788 574
Nepal
Pacific 1,000
Barley US 7% Ukraine 3%
Australia 7%
Corpus Christi Islands E - 410 - 5 1 4 1,845
(Sp.) 1,152 2,845
Said Kuwait Bhutan Xiamen Argentina 13% Kazakhstan 7% Argentina 8%
Tropic of Cance 5,175 3,353 1,784 16,898 Gulf of 5,425 Shahid Rajaee Pakistan 2,553 The minimum requirement to depict Canada 61%
r 1,961 7,363 Dammam Bandar Abbas 1,131 2,211 1,086 1,159 Taichung Russia 19% EU-27+UK US 71%
200 Mexico Algeria Libya Taiwan a trade flow is 100,000 metric tons,
Ocean 1,154 1,954 Egypt
2,765 Bahrain Sharjah
Qatar Dubai Khor Fakkan
1,298 1,953 1,060
Guangzhou
Kaohsiung except for barley, which requires
12%
Saudi Karachi Bangladesh Fangchenggang Hong Kong 1,398
200,000 metric tons. Ukraine 15%
2,790 2,304 302 2,901 1,093 Hongkong
Mexico 1,405 3,143 Arabia UAE Kandla Kolkata Chittagong Australia 16%
100 1,070 1,046 1,137 596 1,228 Cam Pha Port
W. Sahara Egypt Jeddah 2,085 India 1,356 Myanmar
Haiphong
1,139
Manzanillo
Veracruz
Cuba Soy- Soy Soy- Palm
Mumbai
Laos
Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil Vietnam
0 Mexico Haïti Oman
Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Soy- Soy Soy- Palm Dom. Mauritania P 6,800 8,450 25 620 2,685 - Visakhapatnam
Thailand Soy- Soy Soy- Palm
Belize
Sunflower Complex and Rapeseed Complex Trade Flows, 2019
Jamaica I 9,367 12,354 3,380 94 195 1,023 Da Nang Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil
Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil Republic Puerto E 3 1,090 - 78 1 3 1,431
1,229 Vietnam P 4,874 Liman
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 P 27,600 3,000 335 1,100 4,860 140 Rico (US) Arabian 1,692 1,901 - 81 228 937 -
1,185 Mali Niger Sudan 1,237 Krishnapatnam
I 16,658 4,861
E 718 526
5,867 154 1,836 525
- 10 8 4 Guatemala Honduras Caribbean Sea Cape Verde Eritrea Yemen
Salalah
Sea 410 347
2,542 4,754 4,410 Bangkok Laem Chabang 4,130 E 500 278
Batangas45 5,149
Quy Nhon I 10,200 3,149 1,638
- 9 100
870
- Ocean
El Senegal Chad Si Racha Cam. 5,816
Soybean (CBOT) Corn (CBOT) Wheat (CBOT) Salvador Nicaragua Gambia Saudi Arabia Map Ta Phut 4,355
Trinidad Burkina Soy- Soy
Djibouti Soy- Palm India Prachuap Ho Chi Minh City
1,566
and Tobago Guinea-Bissau Faso Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil Soy- Soy Soy- Palm Port Cebu 2,137 2,845
Phu My
Guinea P 84 10 - 105 440 - Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil
Tuticorin Cagayan de Oro
1,360 I 3,662 2,902 562 7 715 489 P 27,715 99,870 10,930 1,728 7,680 200
Philippines

Benin
Panama Sierra Nigeria E - 46 - 64 - - I 221 17 204 3,000 49 9,710

Togo
Côte Ghana South Ethiopia E 419 496 165 8 2,184 - Sri Lanka Davao 1,514 258
Venezuela Leone 1,792 Central Norway
Vegetable Oil Monthly Prices, 2009-2021
Penang
d’Ivoire African Rep. Sudan Krueng Geukueh 1,488 Canada 106 136
Russia
Guyana French Liberia Lagos Maldives Brunei
Abidjan Malaysia Belarus
1,233 Guiana Cameroon Somalia
Belawan 1,654 Kuantan Bintulu
993 84 400 121
Kazakhstan
1,800 140 Suriname Port Kelang 2,125 Indonesia 1,311 3,001
1,257 Ukraine
USD/bbl

638 1,714
USD/metric ton

Malaysia Sungai Johor Bahru Soy- Soy Soy- Palm

5,179 Eq. Guinea Uganda Soy- Soy Soy- Palm
Pakning
S. Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil EU-27+UK Moldova 390 215 2,074 875
1,600 Colombia Congo Kenya Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil
Tanjung Pelepas Singapore
P 12,000 - 520 - - 41,500 1,196 1,916 383 495 156
120 Equator Galapagos S. Tomé and Gabon 1,293 I 1,015 10,934 2,623 34 4,449 84 490 3,362 280 351 508
175 253 1,297 1,734 South Japan
Ecuador Congo P 58 - - 93 413 20,800
E 2 274 4 - - 28,279 1,818 309
Turkey
Uzb. 867 Korea
Isl. (Ec.) Santarém Principe (Dem. Rep.) Rwanda I 3,674 1,844 747 83 1,278 1,055 Palembang US China 358
1,400 Guayaquil Barcarena E 4 200 13 120 52 18,362 398 Iraq 1,269
100 Pacific Manaus Burundi Mombasa
Kotabaru
2,579
Morocco
270
399
638
Iran Pakistan 225
Banjarmasin Egypt 84 772
1,200 Indonesia 1,139 Papua
96
Tanzania Seychelles Panjang 91 1,036
105 270 UAE 2,129 241
1,425 Dar es Salaam
New Mexico
1,000 80 Tanjung Priok
Solomon
745
2,543 Tanjung Perak Guinea
Islands India
Ocean Peru Brazil
1,514 3,071 1,373 2,422
800 60
456 Soy- Soy Soy- Palm Indian East
102
254
Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil 2,433 Timor

M a la w
1,974
600
P 101,000 5,428
I 1,659 7,020
119,700 8,180 32,960 525
140 24 22 143
Salvador Angola Ocean Ethiopia
95
40 E 39,682 602 74,594 1,079 16,093 17 Zambia ue Nacala
Malaysia
biq Darwin

i
400 Ilhéus m

za
Bolivia Brazil

Mo
20 Zimbabwe
200 6,170
Vitória
Madagascar
Beira Mauritius
Trade flow Vanuatu
0 0 (thousand metric tons) 122
Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Namibia Botswana Réunion (Fr.) Chile
1,000
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Paraguay Santos Sunflower seed 132
168 South Africa Australia
Paranaguá Maputo New Caledonia
1,000 83
Eswatini Mackay Sunflower meal Argentina
Soybean oil (CBOT) Sunflower oil (St. Nazaire) Brent oil, Tropic of Capric
orn 1,000
Sunflower oil
FOB North Sea (RHS) Chile South Australia Main exporters of rapeseed Main exporters of sunflower oil Main exporters of sunflower meal
Rapeseed oil (NL) Palm oil (Bursa Malaysia) Africa Lesotho 1,000 (total trade volume 14.4m metric tons) (total trade volume 12.1m metric tons) (total trade volume 8.5m metric tons)
(in USD/bbl) 1,862 Itaqui Durban
Australia
Gladstone Rapeseed
3,449
Porto Alegre
1,000 US 2% ROW 4% ROW 8%
South Africa Geraldton
Soy- Soy Soy- Palm Rapeseed meal Russia 3% Turkey 4% Tanzania 2% ROW 5%
Santa Fé Rio Grande Saldanha Bay Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil
Uruguay Cape Town
Soy- Soy Soy- Palm 1,000 Australia 11% EU-27+UK 4% EU-27+UK 5%
San Martin, San Lorenzo Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil P 327 17,598 42 8 34 - Rapeseed oil
Rosario I 5 499 5 24 1,050 110 Brisbane Argentina 8% Argentina 11%
Buenos Aires P 11,824 1,868 1,170 202 868 - E 53 9,006 2 1 13 -
I 509 1,499 35 110 450 500 The minimum requirement
Africa is a Strong Net Importer of Grains and Palm Oil, and a Growing Importer of Oilseeds, 2018/19 San Antonio Argentina E 1,449 129 5 45 105 16 Kwinana
to depict a trade flow is Canada 58%
Ukraine 51% Ukraine 56%
Bunbury
Thevenard 250,000 metric tons, except Ukraine 22% Russia 21%
for the oils, which requires Russia 25%
Main G&O Suppliers to Africa, 2018/19 Northern Africa Top 3 Commodities Imported Main importers
Argentina
Albany Esperance 75,000 metric tons.
(total 65.1m metric tons) Wallaroo Newcastle
Soy- Soy Soy- Palm Port Lincoln Port Giles
Others 16% Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil Port Adelaide
Black Sea Region Port Kembla
Wheat P 51,000 19,500 55,300 7,910 31,200 -
I 5 5 6,408 - 27 -
Corn Egypt 46% E 37,244 12,188 9,104 5,261 28,832 -
EU-27+UK Soybeans Morocco 15%

0 10 20 30
Portland Melbourne
Geelong
Ta s m a n
Organic G&O and Pulse Crops, 2019: Steady Growth Over Time and Gains in Organic Share of Total Acreage
Central and
South America million metric tons Sea
Algeria 23%
Organic Grain Area Growth Organic Oilseed Area Growth Share of Organic Grain, Oilseed,
North America at a 6.5% CAGR, 2013-2019 at a 11.6% CAGR, 2013-2019 and Pulse Area per Region, 2019
4.5 0.6 1.4 0.7

organic share of selected grains area %

organic share of selected oilseeds area %

million hectares

million hectares
Southeast Asia Eastern Africa Top 3 Commodities Imported Main importers (total organic area 7.6m ha)
(total 15.6m metric tons) 4.0
million 0.5 1.2 0.6 North America Africa 4%
metric tons 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 11% ROW 4%
Northern Africa Wheat Kenya 28% 3.5
Grains Oilseeds complex Rice Others 43% 1.0 0.5 Other Europe
Palm oil New 3.0 0.4 12%
Zealand
0 2 4 6 8 2.5 0.8 0.4 EU-27 43%
Western Africa Top 3 Commodities Imported million metric tons Ethiopia 17% Legend 0.3 Asia 26%
Mozambique 12% 2.0 0.6 0.3
The main map shows the leading grains & oilseeds in the
Wheat Western Africa 1.5 0.2
Rice complex: wheat, corn (maize), soybeans complex, palm oil, 0.4 0.2 Asia EU-27
Palm oil
and biodiesel. The minimum requirement for depicting a 1.0 4% 14%
0 5 10 15 0.1 0.2 0.1
million metric tons Eastern Africa trade flow is one million metric tons (except soy oil and 0.5 32% 11%
Net imports (million metric tons) biodiesel, where the minimum requirement is 300,000 0 0 0 0 64%
Main importers Nigeria 31% 30 to 65 metric tons). Trade flows shown here do not necessarily 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 75%
(total 22.7m Central Africa 15 to 30
metric tons) Others 49% follow the actual trade routes. Top 5 Soybean* Producers, 2015/16 vs. 2020/21 Top 10 Soybean Importers, 2015/16 vs. 2020/21 Top 5 Palm Oil Producers, 2015/16 vs. 2020/21 Top 10 Palm Oil Importers, 2015/16 vs. 2020/21 Wheat Rice Soybeans Grains
5 to 15
Key data per country (thousand metric tons)* Oats Barley Sunflower seeds Oilseeds
2.5 to 5 140 70 50 100 Corn (for grain) Organic share (RHS) Rapeseed Organic share (RHS) Pulses
million metric tons

export share of production (RHS) %

million metric tons

export share of production (RHS) %

Senegal 10%
0 to 2.5 Country * Data only refers to soybean and China India
Ghana 10% does not include meal and oil
Soy- Soy Soy- Palm
Production 120 60
Corn Wheat beans oil meal oil EU-27+UK China
- Grains consist of: corn, barley, rice, and wheat P 50 40 30 100 700 50 Imports 40 80
I 2,000 4,000 1,200 300 1,600 -
Central Africa Top 3 Commodities Imported - Oilseeds consist of: soybean complex and palm oil Exports Mexico EU-27+UK
E 2 100 - 20 70 125 100 50
Trade flows (thousand metric tons) Argentina 30 60 Pakistan CO2 Emissions, 2018: Dry Bulk Shipping of G&O Has a Small Contribution to Global GHG Emissions
Wheat 80 40
Rice 4,000 4,000
Corn (Oct’18/Sep’19) Palm oil (2019) Egypt Bangladesh
Palm oil
4,000 > 300
CO2 Emissions CO2 Emissions per Vessel Type Dry Bulk Shipping Volumes
Southern Africa Wheat (Jul’18/Jun’19) Biodiesel, palm-based 60 30
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Thailand 20 40 US
million metric tons Southern Africa Top 3 Commodities Imported Main importers 4,000 (2019) CO2 emissions* 97% Container 22% Others 39%
(total 5.3m metric tons) Wheat flour (Jul’18/Jun’19)
Others 7%
> 300
Biodiesel, mainly soy-based 40 20 Japan Philippines
Others 13% 4,000
Main importers Botswana 5% Soybeans (2019) (2019) 10 20
Wheat Namibia 6% Turkey Egypt
(total 3.1m Congo 9% Rice 4,000
Soymeal (2019) 20 10 Shipping Bulk carrier Major grains***
metric tons) Corn 2020/21 2020/21 CO2** 3% Other types 18% Iron ore 9%
Angola 58% 4,000
Major grain & oilseed port Taiwan Russia
2015/16 2015/16 45% and coal
Congo (Dem. Rep.) 20% 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 < 1,000 Soy oil (2019) State boundary 0 0 0 0 52% * Everything but shipping
million metric tons Brazil US Argentina China India Indonesia Indonesia Malaysia Thailand Colombia Nigeria Kenya ** International and domestic
EU boundary Oil tanker 15%
South Africa 82% * Key data per country presented million million *** Includes wheat, coarse grains,
in USDA marketing years. ROW = Rest of the world 2015/16 2020/21 2015/16 2020/21 metric tons 0 20 40 60 80 100 2015/16 2020/21 2015/16 2020/21 metric tons 0 2 4 6 8 10 Total 36.5 gigatons Total 1.1 gigatons Total 5.2bn metric tons and soybeans

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Utrecht, April 2021 This map is published in line with Rabobank’s long-term commitment to international food and agribusiness. It is one of the products undertaken by Kaartbeeld, Scherpenzeel, the Netherlands De Groot Drukkerij bv, Goudriaan, the Netherlands Shutterstock Bloomberg, International Grains Council (IGC), International Maritime Organization, Macrobond, Oil World / ISTA Mielke, © Rabobank 2021. No reproduction of this map or any part thereof is permitted without prior consent of the copyright owners. The international and The information on this map is based upon or drawn from various authoritative sources and whilst all reasonable care has been taken in the preparation of this map no warranties can be given as to its accuracy and/or no reliance should be
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