Drumstick leaves soup on level of

Haemoglobin
Mrs. R. Deepa, Dyana. P, Gayathri. S, Gowri. C, Gokulraj. S,
Dheenathayalan. V
College of Nursing, SRIPMS, Coimbatore.
*Corresponding Author E-mail: deepamaheswari78@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
A study to assess the effectiveness of drumstick leaves soup on level of haemoglobin among adolescent girls at
selected college, Coimbatore. Purposive sampling with 24 adolescent girls between the age group of 17 years – 19
years were selected as sample for this study. Data collection was collected through structured questionnaire and
checklist of clinical examination. Informational booklet was distributed to the samples. Haemoglobin was checked
before and after consumption of drumstick leaves soup. It was concluded that, drumstick leaves soup is helpful in
improving the haemoglobin and reduction of discomforts among adolescent girls.

KEYWORDS: Haemoglobin, Adolescent, Discomforts.

INTRODUCTION:
Blood plays an important role in regulating the body system and maintaining the haemostasis. Other functions
include supplying oxygen and nutrition to tissues, removing waste, transporting hormones and other signals
throughout the body and regulating body pH and core body temperature. Anaemia in adolescent causes reduced the
mental and physical capacity and diminished concentration in work and educational performance, and also poses a
major threat to future safe motherhood in girls. Because girls are more likely to be a victim due to various reasons.
[5] [16]

NEED FOR THE STUDY:

Anaemia is defined as haemoglobin level less than 12.0gm/dl in women and less than 13.0 gm/dl in men. Nutrition
articles and info graphics (2014), estimated that 1.6 billion people globally is suffering from anemia, 40%-50% of
population in developing nations remains as anaemia at all ages except non-elderly men [1],[2].

National family health survey (2015-16), states that 53% of women aged 15-49 years has anaemia .50% of whole
population is anaemia the problem becomes more serious as more women are affected with it as compared to men
[3][4]. According to Deccan chronicle (2016), 54.8 percent women aged around 15-49 years and 50.4 percent of
children under five years of age were reported to be anaemic in TamilNadu. Among non- pregnant women aged 15-
49 years in the state, 53.9 percent people from urban areas and 56.9 percent people from rural area were anaemic.
[1][6]

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM:
Effectiveness of drumstick leaves soup on level of hemoglobin among adolescent girls at selected college,
coimbatore.

OBECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

1) Assess the incidence of anaemia among adolescent girls.
2) Determine the effectiveness of drumstick leaves soup on level of haemoglobin among adolescent girls.
3) Find the association between the post-test level of haemoglobin among adolescent girls with anaemia with
selected demographic variables.
4) Develop the informational booklet on prevention of anaemia among adolescent girls in selected college.
OPERATIONAL DEFINITION:
Effectiveness:
It is the difference in the level of haemoglobin before and after the consumption of drumstick leaves soup among
adolescent girls.

Drumstick leaves soup:

Drumstick leaves soup is prepared by boiling 1kg of drumstick leaves with four litters of water and boil for 30
minutes, add 2 drops of lemon juice for each100ml and strain it well. Administer 100ml per day for 14 consecutive
days.

Level of haemoglobin:
Haemoglobin level less than 12.0gm/dl in women and less than 13.0 gm/dl in men. It is assessed before and after
consumption of drumstick leaves soup.

Adolescent Girls:
Student’s age group ranges from 17 to 19 years.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE:
Literature related to Effectiveness of Drumstick Leaves Extract:
Houndji Bidossessi Victor Saturninet al (2018), tested the efficiency of moringa oleifera (Lam). Leaves powder in
the treatment of this defiency in children. It has covered 84 children moderately malnourished aged from 6 to 30
mon in Lissezoun in central Benin. Two groups of individuals have been trained: a control group of 40 children and
a study group of 44 children, supplemented with the 10g / dl for 6mon .Anaemia was assessed by the determination
of the blood formula (NFS).The haematological results have showed that there has been a significant increase in the
haemoglobin in the study group at the end of the procedure. Indeed, at the beginning of the intervention, these rates
an levels were respectively 9.82+1.15 g/dl and 11.86+1.16 g/dl in the control group and the study group. PFM
supplementation improved Hb levels in children. Molp could therefore be considered as a nutritional supplement in
the prevention of anaemia in children.

Chrysholite Jenisha C et al., (2018), found out the effectiveness of drumstick leaves soup in improving haemoglobin
level among antenatal mothers. It was conducted in selected rural areas at Kanyakumari District. Quantitative
approach used for Pre experimental with one group pre-test post test design was used in this study. The samples
consisted of 30 antenatal mothers by purposive sampling technique on the basis of their pre-test haemoglobin level.
Among the subjects, 60% had moderate anaemia and 40% had mild anaemia. At post-test, 53.33%had mild anaemia,
40%had normal haemoglobin level and 6.67% had moderate anaemia. It revealed that, the pre-test mean score of
haemoglobin level was 10.17+1.04 and post-test was 12.12+1.09. the obtained “t” value was 13.54 was very higher
than the table value. Hence, it was highly significant at <0.05 level. It revealed among antenatal mother showed a
significant improvement after taking drumstick leaves soup.

METHODOLOGY:
RESEARCH APPROACH:
A quantitative research approach was used in this study.

RESEARCH DESIGN:
Quasi experimental design with one group pre-test post-test design

RESEARCH SETTING:
The study was conducted at Sri Ramakrishna College of Nursing Coimbatore, among B.Sc. Nursing 1 st year
students.

POPULATION:
The population selected for the study was adolescent girls who are studying in B.Sc. Nursing 1 st year at Sri
Ramakrishna College of Nursing, Coimbatore.

SAMPLING SIZE AND TECHNIQUE:

Purposive sampling with 24 adolescent girls between the age group of 17 years – 19 years were selected as sample
for this study.

CRITERIA FOR SAMPLE SELECTION:

Inclusion Criteria
1. Adolescent girls with age group of17years – 19 years
2. Adolescent girls with excessive Menstrual bleeding.
3. Adolescent girls with haemorrhoids, ulcer.
4. Adolescent girls with repeated infection.
5. Adolescent girls with low level of haemoglobin (<12gms/dl).

Exclusion criteria:
1. Students with other general body dysfunction like nausea, vomiting, fever and diarrhoea.
2. Students recently diagnosed of Viral fever.

DESCRIPTION OF THE TOOL:

Section I: Demographic data
Section II: General examination
Section III: Clinical assessment

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

Table 1: Age of adolescent girls with anaemia n=24
S. No Age in years Number of adolescent girls
Frequency Percentage
1. 17 16 66.7%
2. 18 6 25%
3. 19 2 8.3%

This table depicts that majority of girls 16(66.7%) were in the age group of 17 years, 6(25%) adolescent girls were
in the age group of 18 years, 2(8.3%) adolescent girls were in the age group of 19 years.

Table 2: Age at menarche of adolescent girls with anaemia n=24

S. No Age at menarche Number of adolescent girls
Frequency Percentage
1. <13years 4 16.7%
2. 14-17years 20 83.3%

The above table reveals that 6(22.3%) adolescent girls had menarche at the age below 13years.and 21(77.7%) had
menarche at the age of 13-17 years.

Table 3.: Flow of menstruation of adolescent girls with anaemia

n=24
S. No Flow of menstruation Number of adolescent girls
Frequency Percentage
1. Normal 21 87.5%
2. Heavy 2 8.3%
3. Scanty 1 4.2%

The above table shows that 21(87.5%) of adolescent girls had normal menstrual flow and 2(8.3%) of adolescent girls
had heavy menstrual flow, and 1(4.2%) had scanty flow.

Table 4.: Pattern of menstruation of adolescent girls with anaemia

n=24
S. No Pattern of menstruation Number of adolescent girls
Frequency Percentage
1. Regular 19 79.2%
2. Irregular 5 20.8%
It describes that majority 19(79.2%) of adolescent girls had regular menstrual flow and 6(22.3%) had irregular
menstrual flow.

Table 5: Days of menstruation of adolescent girls with anaemia

n=24
S. No Days of menstruation Number of adolescent girls
Frequency Percentage
1. 3-5days 19 79.2%
2. 6-8days 5 20.8%
3. > 8days 0 0%

The above table-5 shows the days of menstruation of adolescent girls with anaemia which implies 19(79.2%) had 3-
5days of menstruation and 5(20.8%) had 6-8days of menstruation.

Table 6, reveals that pre-test and post-test of self-reported symptoms among adolescent girls. In Pre-test adolescent
girls had complaints of hair loss 22 (91.5%), weakness 19(79.1%), hair thinning and concentration problems
12(50%) and headache and fatigue 14(58%). In Post-test hair loss was increased from 22(91.5%) to 23(95.8%),
weakness was decreased from 19(79.1%) to 16(66.7%), hair thinning was remind as 12(50%) and concentration
problems from 12(50%) to 2(8.3%), headache was decreased from 14(58%) to 9(37%) and fatigue was decreased
from 14(58%) to 5(20.8%)

Table 6.: Pre-test and Post-test level of symptoms of anaemia n=24

S. No Symptoms Number of adolescent girls
Pre-test Post test
Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage
1. Warm infestation 1 4.2% 1 4.2%
2. Dizziness/light-headedness 3 12.5% 4 16.6%
3. Pallor 3 12.5% 2 8.3%
4. Hair loss 22 91.5% 23 95.8%
5. Muscle twitching 5 20.8% 1 4.2%
6. Irritability 4 16.6% 3 12.5%
7. Weakness 19 79.1% 16 66.7%
8. Brittle nail 2 8.3% 1 4.2%
9. Hair thinning 12 50% 12 50%
10. Painful atrophy of tongue 2 8.3% 0 0%
11. Kolonychia 0 0% 0 0%
12. Angular chelitis 2 8.3% 0 0%
13. Numbness/coldness of hand 6 25% 1 4.2%
14. Palpitation 2 8.3% 0 0%
15. Shortness of breath 3 12.5% 0 0%
16. Changes in stool colour 1 4.2% 0 0%
17. Problem in concentration/thinking 12 50% 2 8.3%
18. Headache 14 58% 9 37.5%
19. Fainting 3 12.5% 2 8.3%
20. Fatigue 14 58% 5 20.8%

Table 7: Comparison between pre-test and post-test level of haemoglobin n=24

S. No Symptoms Number of adolescent girls
 1. 9.8-11.1 10 41.67% 7 29.2%
2. 11.1-12.4 14 58.33% 13 54.2%
3. 12.4-13.6 0 0% 4 16.67%

Table 8: Association between pre-test and post-test level of haemoglobin n=24

S. No Observations Mean Standard deviation Standard error Calculated ‘t’ Table value
(x) (SD) (SE) value
1. Pre and post-test level of 0.6875 1.449 0.295 2.331 2.06
haemoglobin

Table7. shows that in pre-test 10 (41.67%) adolescent girls has haemoglobin range between 9.8-11.1, 14 (58.33%)
has range between 11.1 12.4 and none of them has haemoglobin ranging 12.4 13.6. In post-test 7 (29.2%) adolescent
girls has haemoglobin range between 9.8 - 11.1, 13 (54.2%) has range between 11.1 12.4 and 4 (16.67%) of them
has haemoglobin ranging 12.4 13.6.

Paired ‘t’ test was used to compare the level of haemoglobin before and after administration of drumstick leaves
soup among adolescent girls with anaemia. The mean score was 0.6875, with standard deviation of 1.449. The
standard error was 0.295, the calculated ‘t’ value 2.331 was higher than the table value 2.06 at 0.05 level of
significance. Hence there is a significant difference in the level of haemoglobin before and after the administration
of drumstick leaves soup among adolescent girls with anaemia.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

 16(66.7%) were in the age group of 17 years. The age at menarche of adolescent girls shows that 6(22.3%)
adolescent girls had menarche at the age below 13years.and 21(77.7%) had menarche at the age of 13-17years.

 Flow of menstruation of adolescent girls shows that21(87.5%) of adolescent girls had normal menstrual flow
and 2(8.3%) of adolescent girls had heavy menstrual flow, and 1(4.2%) had scanty flow.

 The pattern of adolescent girl’s menstruation describes that majority 19(79.2%) of adolescent girls had regular
menstrual flow and 6(22.3%) had irregular menstrual flow.

 The days of menstruation of adolescent girls with anaemia shows the days of menstruation of adolescent girls
with anaemia which implies 19(79.2%) had 3-5days of menstruation and 5(20.8%) had 6-8days of menstruation.

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN LEVEL OF HEAMOGLOBIN AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS WITH

ANEMIA:
The mean score was 0.6875, with standard deviation of 1.449. The standard error was 0.295, the calculated ‘t’ value
2.331 was higher than the table value 2.06 at 0.05 level of significance. Hence there is a significant difference in the
level of haemoglobin before and after the administration of drumstick leaves soup among adolescent girls with
anaemia.

CONCLUSION:
Anaemia can be dangerous, which can produce serious consequences, disturbs the day to day activities, it reduces
the oxygen supply to vital organs, causing permanent damage. As a future mother, it is important to prevent anaemia
at the very early stage. And to prevent this, it is important to have healthy life style and diet pattern. Hence,
drumstick leaves soup was safe, simple, easily available with rich iron component used to prevent and treat anaemia
and to improve the quality of life.

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Received on 21.10.2019 Modified on 10.12.2019

Accepted on 07.01.2020 © AandV Publications all right reserved
Int. J. Nur. Edu. and Research. 2020; 8(2):161-165.
DOI: 10.5958/2454-2660.2020.00036.8