Name: Abdulrahman Saadi

ID:202101963
Electronic lab
Introduction:
We previously learned how the half wave system works, but now we
have the full wave, and it will transmit the sum of the voltages, either
all of them positive or all of them negative. This is what is called the full
wave system. It is done using 4 diodes and a transformer, and it is
characterized by its low cost and effectiveness
Theory:

The Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier

To rectify both half-cycles of a sine wave, the bridge rectifier uses four diodes, connected together in a
“bridge” configuration. The secondary winding of the transformer is connected on one side of the diode
bridge network and the load on the other side.
Following image shows a bridge rectifier circuit.

This circuit’s operation is easily understood one half-cycle at a time.

During positive half cycle of the source, diodes D1 and D2 conduct while D3 and D4 are reverse
biased. This produces a positive load voltage across the load resistor (note the plus-minus polarity across
the load resistor).

During the next half-cycle, the source voltage polarity reverses. Now, D3 and D4 are forward biased
while D1 and D2 are reverse biased. This also produces a positive load voltage across the load resistor as
before.

Note that regardless of the polarity of the input, the load voltage has the same polarity and the load
current is in the same direction.

In this way the circuit converts the AC input voltage to the pulsating DC output voltage.
Applications:

And as the bridge rectifier operates two diodes at a time, two diode drops (0.7 * 2 = 1.4V) of
the source voltage are lost in the diode. So the peak output voltage is given by:
Therefore the frequency of the full-wave signal is double the input
frequency.
Conclusion:
Diodes are mainly used for rectification of a.c. current for use by many electrical appliances.
Rectification is the conversion of sinusoidal waveform into unidirectional (non-zero)
waveform.
A bridge rectifier is used in full wave rectification. The current flows in the same direction in
both half cycles.
Sources:
https://lastminuteengineers.com/the -full-wave-bridge-rectifier

/https://eeeproject.com/full-wave-bridge-rectifier
https://circuitglobe.com/full-wave-bridge-rectifier.html
ABET_Electronics_lab_manual_hidayath_mirza.