General Inorganic Chemistry – Theory
Of the following gases, the one with the
1. The mass of a proton or neutron is
approximately __ times that of an electron.
Ans: 1,836
Neutrons are slightly heavier than protns in
mass, but the proton is 1,836 times heavier than
the mass of an electron, which is the lightest
charged particle in nature.
2. Deuterium or heavy hydrogen has an atomic
no. 1 and a mass of ____
Ans: 2
3. Which of the following is the lightest?
Alpha particle, beta particle, proton, hydrogen
Ans: Beta particle
Alpha Particle weights 4.00 amu
Beta particle weighs 5.48x^10-4 amu
Proton weighs 1.007 amu
Hydrogen weighs 1.008143 amu
4. The volume of an ideal gas is zero at ___
Ans: -273 °C
Theoretically, an ideal gas has zero volume at
absolute zero temperature.
0 K = -273°C
5. Of the following gases, ____ will have the
greatest rate of effusion at a given temp.
NH3 CH4 Ar HBr
Ans: CH4
Graham’s Law states that:
The rate of effusion for a gas is inversely
proportional to the square-root of its molecular
mass.
Therefore, the gas with the lowest molecular
weight will effuse the fastest.
6.
greatest density at STP is:
CH4 NH3 Ne H2
Ans: Ne
Among the choices, Ne has the highest molar
mass, thus it has the greatest density.
Verification is made by using ideal gas law.
PV = nRT
7. Which of the following is the reason that
metals conduct electricity?
a. The metal atoms are close together
b. there are no empty spaces in metal structures
c. electrons in the structure can move freely
d. electrons and protons in the structure can
move freely
Ans: Electrons in the structure can move freely
Metal conduct electricity due to the presence of
free electrons because of the delocalization of
this free electrons which are loosely held by the
nucleus.
8. The basic repeating structural unit of a crystal
lattice is the:
Ans: Unit cell is the smallest part / portion of a
crystal lattice. It is the simplest repeating unit in
a crystal structure. The entire lattice is generated
by the repetition of the unit cell in different
directions
Cyrstal Lattice – a repeating three-dimensional
pattern of atoms or groups of atoms in a crystal.
9. In a hexagonal close-packed structure, each
atom has a coordination number of
Ans: 12
The hexagonal closest packed (hcp) has a
coordination number of 12 and contains 6 atoms
per unit cell. The face-centered cubic (fcc) has a
coordination number of 12 and contains 4 atoms Ans: I¯
per unit cell.
Br is placed above I in the periodic table.
10. In a diamond, each carbon is covalently Therefore, Br is smaller than I+, I, I¯. Among
bonded to ___ other carbon atoms I+, I, I¯ the lowest effective nuclear charge is
experienced by I¯. This, it has the largest size.
Ans: 4
Thus the largest species among the given option
The four valence electrons of each carbon atoms is I¯.
participate in the formation of very strong
15. As the atomic number increases in a group,
covalent bonds. These bonds have the same
the chemical properties
strength in all directions. This gives diamonds
their great hardness. Since there are no free a. change b. stay roughly the same
electrons to wander through the structure,
c. decrease d. stabilize
diamonds are excellent insulators.
Ans: Stay roughly the same
11. Magnesium cannot displace from solution
the ions of __ 16. Which does not belong to the group?
Ans: Sodium is an alkali metal and magnesium Copper Silicon Boron
is an alkaline earth metal. As both are metals, it
has the tendency to lose electrons and concert Arsenic
into a +ve charged ion (cation). Same charges Ans: Copper
cannot form an electrovalent bond and metals
never form a covalent bond. Therefore, Silicon, Boron and Arsenic belongs to the group
magnesium never reacts with sodium. of metalloids where it is a series of six elements
that separates the metals from the nonmetals in
Only iron and tin metals can displace the periodic table. The group consist of boron,
magnesium. silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony and
12. What is the degree of freedom of a system tellurium.
consisting of a gaseous mixture of carbon 17. Which of the following is a semi-conductor?
dioxide and nitrogen?
A. B B. Ge C. Si D. all of these
Ans: 3
Ans: All of these
13. How many components are necessary to
define the following equilibrium? A semiconductor is a substance that has specific
electrical properties that enable it to serve as a
CaCO3 -> CaO + CO2 foundation for computers and other electronic
Ans: 2 devices.

The system is in equilibrium, and we know the Boron, Germanium and Silicon belongs to the
numbers of any two of these three molecules, the group of metalloids. Metalloids generally have
number of the third is determined by the properties of both metals and non-metals.
equilibrium constant. Thus the number of 18. Describe the geometry of CH2Cl2,
component is two. dichloromethane. Is it a polar or a nonpolar
14. Which of the following will have the largest molecule?
size? Ans: Tetrahedral geometry, polar
A. Br B. I¯ C. I D. F
Dichloromethane is polar because it has
different polarity bonds and its shape cannot
arrange those bond dipoles to cancel out.
More over, dichloromethane CH2CL2, also
called methylene dichloride is a polar molecule
as individual bond dipoles do not cancel each
other. The molecule has tetrahedral geometry.
19. The bond angle in CH4 is approximately
Ans: 109°
That is a tetrahedral arrangement, with an angle
of 109.5°. Nothing changes in terms of the shape
when the hydrogen atoms combine with the
carbon, and so the methane molecule is also
tetrahedral with 109.5° bond angles.
C – H bond angles equal at 109.5° because the
hydrogen atoms repel equally, and because this
geometry puts the greatest distance between all
four bonded electrons pairs.
20. What can be the molar shape of BCl3?
Ans: Triangular
The BCl3 molecule has a trigonal planar shape.
21. Hardness of diamond is due mainly to a
large amount of
Ans: Covalent bond
Network bonding is primarily responsible for the
hardness of diamond. Carbon atoms bond to
form tetrahedral network of covalent bonds.
Diamonds have no natural breaking points and
are hence, very difficult to break.
Type of covalent bond (diamond) – in diamond,
each carbon shares electrons with four other
carbon atoms; forming four single covalent
bonds.
22. What is the mass of the electron?
Ans: 9.1093837015 x 10^-31 kg / 9.11 E -31
The rest mass of the electron is 9.1093837015 x
10^-31 kg, which is only 1/1,836 the mass of a
proton. An electron is therefore considered
nearly massless in comparison with a proton or a
neutron, and the electron mass is not included in
calculating the mass number of an atom.
23. According to the label, a bottle of vodka has
a 40% by volume concentration. This means the
vodka contains 40mL of pure alcohol
a. in each 140 mL of vodka
b. to every 100 mL of water
c. to every 60 mL of vodka
d. mixed with water to make a 100 mL vodka
Ans: Mixed with water to make a 100 mL vodka
24. Which of the following is not a solution?
Seawater Carbonated Water Sand
Brass
Ans: Sand
Solution – a homogenous mixture of one or
more solutes dissolved in a solvent.
Solvent – the substance in which a solute
dissolves to produce a homogenous mixture.
Solute – the substance that dissolves in a solvent
to produce a homogeneous mixture.
25. Atmospheric air is a homogenous mixture of
gases that is mostly nitrogen gas. The nitrogen is
therefore (the)
Ans: Solvent
26. A homogenous mixture is made up of 95
percent alcohol and 5 percent water. In this case
the water is (the)
Ans: Solute
27. The solution concentration terms of parts per
million, percent by volume, and percent by
weight are concerned with the amount of
a. solvent in the solution
b, solute in the solution
c. solute compared to solvent
d. solvent compared to solute
Ans: Solute in the solution
28. A concentration of 500 ppm is reported in a
news article. This is the same concentration as
solvent molecules as well as solute molecules
(carbon dioxide gas) in this case. Therefore,
these molecules have the tendency to escape the
solution. Thus, solubility decreases with an
increase in temperature.

a. 0.005% b. 0.05% c. 5% 33. Water has the greatest density at what

temperature?
d. 50%
100°C 20°C 4°C
Ans: 0.05% 0°C
A concentration of 500ppm is the same as Ans: 4°C
0.05%. This can be useful in understanding the
concentration of a substance in a mixture, as Water has a maximum density at 4 degree
well as in comparing concentrations across Celsius in the liquid phase. Ice, water’s solid
different mixtures. phase, is more buoyant, so it forms at the surface
of water bodies and freezes downward.
PPM (parts per million) is a way of expressing
very small concentrations of a substance in a 34. Whether two given liquids form solutions or
larger mixture. It is a measure of the number of not depends on some similarities in their
units of a substance per one million units of the
Electronegativites polarities
mixture.
Molecular structures hydrogen bonds
29. A bottle of vinegar is 4% by weight, so you
know that the solution contains 4 weight units of Ans: molecular structures
pure vinegar with
35. A solid salt is insoluble in water so the
Ans: 96 weight units of water strongest force must be the
30. If a salt solution has a salinity of 400, what is a. ion-water molecule force b. ion-ion force
the equivalent percentage measure?
c. force of hydration d. polar molecule force
Ans: 4%
Ans: ion-ion force
31. A salt solution has solid salt on the bottom of
36. Which of the following will conduct an
the container and salt is dissolving at the same
electric current?
rate that it is coming out of the solution. You
know the solution is a. pure water
Ans: a saturated solution b. a water solution of a covalent compound
A saturated solution in which there is so much c, a water solution of an ionic compound
solute that if there was any more, it would not
dissolve. d. all of the above

32. As the temperature of water decreases, the Ans: All of the above
solubility of carbon dioxide gas in the water 37. Ionization occurs upon solution of
Ans: Increases a. ionic compounds
This happens because increment in temperature b. some polar molecules
leads to an increment in the kinetic energy of
c. nonpolar molecules c. pure water d. carbonic acid
d. none of the above Ans: Carbonic acid
Ans: Some polar molecules 43. Which of the following would have a pH of
more than 7?
39. Adding sodium chloride to water raises the
boiling point of water because a. a solution of ammonia
a. sodium chloride has a higher boiling point b. a solution of sodium chloride
b. sodoim chloride ions occupy space at the c. pure water d. carbonic acid
water surface
Ans: A solution of ammonia
c. sodium chloride ions have stronger ion-ion
44. The condition of two opposing reactions
bonds than water
happening at the same time and at the same rate
d. the energy of hydration is higher is called
Ans: Sodium chloride ions occupy space at the Ans: Chemical Equilibrium
water surface
45. Solutions of acids, bases, and salts have what
40. The ice that forms in freezing seawater is in common? All have
Ans: More dense than liquid seawater Ans: Ions
Sea ice floats for the same reason the ice in your 46. When a solution of an acid and a base are
drinking glass floats. It is less dense in the solid mixed together,
phase than it is in the liquid phase. Although sea
a. a salt and water are formed
ice is made from salty seawater, the salt
molecules are rejected back into the liquid as ice b. they lose their acid and base properties
forms, resulting in a briny solution.
c. both are neutralized
41. Salt solutions freeze at a lower temperature
than pure water because d. all of the above

a. more ionic bonds are present Ans: All of the above

b. salt solutions have a higher vapor pressure 47. A substance that ionizes completely into
hydronium ions is known as a
c. ions get in the way of water molecules trying
to form ice Ans: Strong Acid

d. salt naturally has a lower freezing point than
water
Ans: Ions get in the way of water molecules
trying to form ice
48. A scale of values that expresses the
hydronium ion concentration of a solution is
known as
Ans: the pH scale

42. Which of the following would have a pH of 49. Substance A has a pH of 2 and substance B
less than 7? has a pH of 3. This means that

a. a solution of ammonia a. substance A has more basic properties than

substances B
b. a solution of sodium chloride
b. substance B has more acidic properties than How long must a current of 5 amperes pass
substance A through a 10 ohm resistor until a charge of 1200
coulombs passes through?
c. substance A is ten times more acidic than
substance B
d. substance B is ten times more acidic than
substance A
Ans: Substance A is ten times more acidic than
substance B
50. A solution that is able to resist changes in the
pH when small amounts of an acid or base are
added is called a
Ans: Buffer solution
51. An example of a hydrogen bond is a weak-
to-moderate bond between
Any two hydrogen atoms
A hydrogen of one polar molecule and an
oxygen of another polar molecule
Two hydrogen atoms on two nonpolar molecules
A hydrogen atom and any nonmetal atom
Ans: A hydrogen of one polar molecule and an
oxygen of another polar molecule
52. Indicate the concentration of each on or
molecule present in a 0.25M CaBr2 solution.
Ans: 0.25 M Ca2+, 0.50 M Br
53. Mayonnaise and milk are example of:
a. emulsion b. suspension c.colloid
d. mixture
Ans: Emulsion
An emulsion is a special type of colloid made up
from a mixture of two liquids which form a
stable substance that has different physical
properties to the two individual liquids.
How many milliliters (STP) of oxygen and
hydrogen will be liberated by 5A flowing for 25
minutes through acidulated water?