BUSINESS A CHANGING WORLD 9TH EDITION FERRELL

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Chapter 07

Organization, Teamwork, and Communication

True / False Questions

1. Organizational culture is expressed informally through a firm's mission statement or code of

ethics.

True False

2. Organizational structures are always explicitly defined.

True False

3. An organization's structure develops as managers assign tasks to work groups and specific
individuals and coordinate the diverse activities required to attain organizational objectives.

True False

4. Organizational growth requires organizing different resources.

True False

5. The more complex organizations become, the more they need to develop formal structures to
function efficiently.

True False

7-1
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Multiple Choice Questions

6. Which of the following is not part of organizational culture?

A. Values
B. Beliefs
C. Role models
D. Religion
E. Traditions

7. Which is not a means of formally expressing an organization's culture?

A. Ceremonies
B. Code of ethics
C. Mission statement
D. Manuals
E. Employee dress codes

8. Dress codes, work habits, extracurricular activities, and stories are informal expressions of an
organization's

A. grapevine.
B. lack of organization.
C. informality.
D. culture.
E. formality.

9. Organizational structure is defined as

A. the arrangement or relationship of positions within an organization.

B. a group of people working together to achieve an objective.
C. the division of labor into small specific tasks.
D. the grouping of jobs into working units.
E. the grouping of working units into departments or divisions.

7-2
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
10. When managers assign work activities to groups and individuals and coordinate the diverse
activities required to attain organizational objectives, they contribute to the development of
organizational

A. structure.
B. informality.
C. spontaneity.
D. growth.
E. accountability.

11. A department store's organizational structure defines the relationships between

A. salespersons and merchandise buyers.

B. credit managers and maintenance people.
C. department managers and customers.
D. maintenance people and salespersons.
E. all the individuals working together to achieve its objectives.

12. Which of the following requires an increasing degree of organizing within an organization?

A. Profits
B. Sales
C. Growth
D. Decline
E. Aging

13. Organizational cultures that lack positive values may result in

A. excessive profits.
B. inefficient division of labor.
C. productive and motivated employees.
D. unproductive and indifferent employees.
E. happy customers.

7-3
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in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
14. An organization's shared values, beliefs, traditions, philosophies, rules, and role models for
behavior represent its

A. formal organization.
B. information system.
C. organizational culture.
D. grapevine.
E. organizational manual.

Essay Questions

15. What is organizational culture and how is it expressed?

16. What is organizational structure? How does it develop?

True / False Questions

7-4
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution
in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
17. The rationalization for specialization is that people can perform several tasks more efficiently than
just one.

True False

18. Departmentalization is the division of labor into small, specialized tasks and the assignment of
single tasks to employees.

True False

19. An advantage of functional departmentalization is that managers need only the skills that apply to
their department's function.

True False

20. Disadvantages of product departmentalization are that it duplicates functions and does not focus
on the organization's overall objectives.

True False

21. Product departmentalization allows the coordination of all activities related to a product or product
group and simplifies decision-making.

True False

Multiple Choice Questions

22. The rationale for job specialization is that

A. it is more efficient.
B. workers become less bored.
C. workers shift from one job to another.
D. workers have fewer injuries.
E. it improves quality.

7-5
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in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Another document from Scribd.com that is
random and unrelated content:
I will tell its gist enough to show why the sound of the water against the
vessel's sides became so unendurable to me that I stopped my ears with
cotton.
Johansen, thank God, did not know quite all, even though he saw the city
and the Thing, but I shall never sleep calmly again when I think of the
horrors that lurk ceaselessly behind life in time and in space, and of those
unhallowed blasphemies from elder stars which dream beneath the sea,
known and favored by a nightmare cult ready and eager to loose them on
the world whenever another earthquake shall heave their monstrous
stone city again to the sun and air.

Johansen's voyage had begun just as he told it to the vice-admiralty. The

Emma, in ballast, had cleared Auckland on February 20th, and had felt
the full force of that earthquake-born tempest which must have heaved
up from the sea-bottom the horrors that filled men's dreams. Once more
under control, the ship was making good progress when held up by the
Alert on March 22nd, and I could feel the mate's regret as he wrote of her
bombardment and sinking. Of the swarthy cult-fiends on the Alert he
speaks with significant horror. There was some peculiarly abominable
quality about them which made their destruction seem almost a duty, and
Johansen shows ingenuous wonder at the charge of ruthlessness brought
against his party during the proceedings of the court of inquiry. Then,
driven ahead by curiosity in their captured yacht under Johansen's
command, the men sight a great stone pillar sticking out of the sea, and
in S. Latitude 47° 9', W. Longitude 126° 43' come upon a coastline of
mingled mud, ooze, and weedy Cyclopean masonry which can be
nothing less than the tangible substance of earth's supreme terror—the
nightmare corpse-city of R'lyeh, that was built in measureless eons
behind history by the vast, loathsome shapes that seeped down from the
dark stars. There lay great Cthulhu and his hordes, hidden in green slimy
vaults and sending out at last, after cycles incalculable, the thoughts that
spread fear to the dreams of the sensitive and called imperiously to the
faithful to come on a pilgrimage of liberation and restoration. All this
Johansen did not suspect, but God knows he soon saw enough!
I suppose that only a single mountain-top, the hideous monolith-crowned
citadel whereon great Cthulhu was buried, actually emerged from the
waters. When I think of the extent of all that may be brooding down
there I almost wish to kill myself forthwith. Johansen and his men were
awed by the cosmic majesty of this dripping Babylon of elder demons,
and must have guessed without guidance that it was nothing of this or of
any sane planet. Awe at the unbelievable size of the greenish stone
blocks, at the dizzying height of the great carven monolith, and at the
stupefying identity of the colossal statues and bas-reliefs with the queer
image found in the shrine on the Alert, is poignantly visible in every line
of the mate's frightened description.
Without knowing what futurism is like, Johansen achieved something
very close to it when he spoke of the city; for instead of describing any
definite structure or building, he dwells only on the broad impressions of
vast angles and stone surfaces—surfaces too great to belong to anything
right or proper for this earth, and impious with horrible images and
hieroglyphs. I mention his talk about angles because it suggests
something Wilcox had told me of his awful dreams. He had said that the
geometry of the dream-place he saw was abnormal, non-Euclidean, and
loathsomely redolent of spheres and dimensions apart from ours. Now an
unlettered seaman felt the same thing whilst gazing at the terrible reality.
Johansen and his men landed at a sloping mud-bank on this monstrous
Acropolis, and clambered slipperily up over titan oozy blocks which
could have been no mortal staircase. The very sun of heaven seemed
distorted when viewed through the polarizing miasma welling out from
this sea-soaked perversion, and twisted menace and suspense lurked
leeringly in those crazily elusive angles of carven rock where a second
glance showed concavity after the first showed convexity.
Something very like fright had come over all the explorers before
anything more definite than rock and ooze and weed was seen. Each
would have fled had he not feared the scorn of the others, and it was only
half-heartedly that they searched—vainly, as it proved—for some
portable souvenir to bear away.
It was Rodriguez the Portuguese who climbed up the foot of the
monolith and shouted of what he had found. The rest followed him, and
looked curiously at the immense carved door with the now familiar
squid-dragon bas-relief. It was, Johansen said, like a great barn-door; and
they all felt that it was a door because of the ornate lintel, threshold, and
jambs around it, though they could not decide whether it lay flat like a
trap-door or slantwise like an outside cellar-door. As Wilcox would have
said, the geometry of the place was all wrong. One could not be sure that
the sea and the ground were horizontal, hence the relative position of
everything else seemed fantasmally variable.
Briden pushed at the stone in several places without result. Then
Donovan felt over it delicately around the edge, pressing each point
separately as he went. He climbed interminably along the grotesque
stone molding—that is, one would call it climbing if the thing was not
after all horizontal—and the men wondered how any door in the universe
could be so vast. Then, very softly and slowly, the acre-great panel began
to give inward at the top; and they saw that it was balanced.
Donovan slid or somehow propelled himself down or along the jamb and
rejoined his fellows, and everyone watched the queer recession of the
monstrously carven portal. In this fantasy of prismatic distortion it
moved anomalously in a diagonal way, so that all the rules of matter and
perspective seemed upset.
The aperture was black with a darkness almost material. That
tenebrousness was indeed a positive quality; for it obscured such parts of
the inner walls as ought to have been revealed, and actually burst forth
like smoke from its eon-long imprisonment, visibly darkening the sun as
it slunk away into the shrunken and gibbous sky on flapping
membranous wings. The odor arising from the newly opened depths was
intolerable, and at length the quick-eared Hawkins thought he heard a
nasty, slopping sound down there. Everyone listened, and everyone was
listening still when It lumbered slobberingly into sight and gropingly
squeezed Its gelatinous green immensity through the black doorway into
the tainted outside air of that poison city of madness.
Poor Johansen's handwriting almost gave out when he wrote of this. Of
the six men who never reached the ship, he thinks two perished of pure
fright in that accursed instant. The Thing can not be described—there is
no language for such abysms of shrieking and immemorial lunacy, such
eldritch contradictions of all matter, force, and cosmic order. A mountain
walked or stumbled. God! What wonder that across the earth a great
architect went mad, and poor Wilcox raved with fever in that telepathic
instant? The Thing of the idols, the green, sticky spawn of the stars, had
awaked to claim his own. The stars were right again, and what an age-
old cult had failed to do by design, a band of innocent sailors had done
by accident. After vigintillions of years great Cthulhu was loose again,
and ravening for delight.
Three men were swept up by the flabby claws before anybody turned.
God rest them, if there be any rest in the universe. They were Donovan,
Guerrera and Angstrom. Parker slipped as the other three were plunging
frenziedly over endless vistas of green-crusted rock to the boat, and
Johansen swears he was swallowed up by an angle of masonry which
shouldn't have been there; an angle which was acute, but behaved as if it
were obtuse. So only Briden and Johansen reached the boat, and pulled
desperately for the Alert as the mountainous monstrosity flopped down
the slimy stones and hesitated floundering at the edge of the water.
Steam had not been suffered to go down entirely, despite the departure of
all hands for the shore; and it was the work of only a few moments of
feverish rushing up and down between wheels and engines to get the
Alert under way. Slowly, amidst the distorted horrors of that
indescribable scene, she began to churn the lethal waters; whilst on the
masonry of that charnel shore that was not of earth the titan Thing from
the stars slavered and gibbered like Polypheme cursing the fleeing ship
of Odysseus. Then, bolder than the storied Cyclops, great Cthulhu slid
greasily into the water and began to pursue with vast wave-raising
strokes of cosmic potency. Briden looked back and went mad, laughing
shrilly as he kept on laughing at intervals till death found him one night
in the cabin whilst Johansen was wandering deliriously.
But Johansen had not given out yet. Knowing that the Thing could surely
overtake the Alert until steam was fully up, he resolved on a desperate
chance; and, setting the engine for full speed, ran lightning-like on deck
and reversed the wheel. There was a mighty eddying and foaming in the
noisome brine, and as the steam mounted higher and higher the brave
Norwegian drove his vessel head on against the pursuing jelly which
rose above the unclean froth like the stern of a demon galleon. The awful
squid-head with writhing feelers came nearly up to the bowsprit of the
sturdy yacht, but Johansen drove on relentlessly.
There was a bursting as of an exploding bladder, a slushy nastiness as of
a cloven sunfish, a stench as of a thousand opened graves, and a sound
that the chronicler would not put on paper. For an instant the ship was
befouled by an acrid and blinding green cloud, and then there was only a
venomous seething astern; where—God in heaven!—the scattered
plasticity of that nameless sky-spawn was nebulously recombining in its
hateful original form, whilst its distance widened every second as the
Alert gained impetus from its mounting steam.
That was all. After that Johansen only brooded over the idol in the cabin
and attended to a few matters of food for himself and the laughing
maniac by his side. He did not try to navigate after the first bold flight,
for the reaction had taken something out of his soul. Then came the
storm of April 2nd, and a gathering of the clouds about his
consciousness. There is a sense of spectral whirling through liquid gulfs
of infinity, of dizzying rides through reeling universes on a comet's tail,
and of hysterical plunges from the pit to the moon and from the moon
back again to the pit, all livened by a cachinnating chorus of the
distorted, hilarious elder gods and the green, bat-winged mocking imps
of Tartarus.
Out of that dream came rescue—the Vigilant, the vice-admiralty court,
the streets of Dunedin, and the long voyage back home to the old house
by the Egeberg. He could not tell—they would think him mad. He would
write of what he knew before death came, but his wife must not guess.
Death would be a boon if only it could blot out the memories.
That was the document I read, and now I have placed it in the tin box
beside the bas-relief and the papers of Professor Angell. With it shall go
this record of mine—this test of my own sanity, wherein is pieced
together that which I hope may never be pieced together again. I have
looked upon all that the universe has to hold of horror, and even the skies
of spring and the flowers of summer must ever afterward be poison to
me. But I do not think my life will be long. As my uncle went, as poor
Johansen went, so I shall go. I know too much, and the cult still lives.
Cthulhu still lives, too, I suppose, again in that chasm of stone which has
shielded him since the sun was young. His accursed city is sunken once
more, for the Vigilant sailed over the spot after the April storm; but his
ministers on earth still bellow and prance and slay around idol-capped
monoliths in lonely places. He must have been trapped by the sinking
whilst within his black abyss, or else the world would by now be
screaming with fright and frenzy. Who knows the end? What has risen
may sink, and what has sunk may rise. Loathsomeness waits and dreams
in the deep, and decay spreads over the tottering cities of men. A time
will come—but I must not and can not think! Let me pray that, if I do not
survive this manuscript, my executors may put caution before audacity
and see that it meets no other eye.
[1] Found among the papers of the late Francis Wayland Thurston, of Boston.
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