CHINESE ART
Three main types of roofs in traditional
Chinese Painting
 Landscape painting was regarded as
the highest form of Chinese painting.
 They also consider the three concepts
of their arts: Nature, Heaven, and
Humankind (Yin-Yang).
 Chinese art expresses the human
understanding of the relationship
between nature and humans.
 This might be called the metaphysical,
Daoist aspect of Chinese painting.
Cai Lun
 Han court eunuch who invented the
paper in the 1st Century AD
Painting Subjects and Theme
1. Flowers and birds
2. Landscapes
3. Palaces and Temples
4. Human Figures
5. Animals
6. Bamboo and Stones
6 Principles - established by Xie He, a writer,
art historian, and critic in 5th century China.
1. Observe rhythm and movements
2. Leave spaces for the eyes to rest
3. Use the brush in calligraphy
4. Use colors correctly
5. Live up to tradition by copying the
master's artwork.
6. Copy the correct proportion of the
objects and nature.
Calligraphy
 art of beautiful handwriting
 In calligraphy, the popular materials
that paintings are made of are paper
and silk.
Chinese architecture
 Straight inclined
- more economical for common
Chinese architecture.
 Multi-inclined
- Roofs with two or more sections of
incline. These roofs are used for
residences of wealthy Chinese.
 Sweeping
- has curves that rise at the corners of
the roof. These are usually reserved
for temples and palaces.
Peking Opera
 Peking opera face-painting or Jingju
Lianpu is done with different colors in
accordance with the performing
characters' personality and historical
assessment.
 Lianpu is called the false mask.
MEANING OF COLORS FOR FACE PAINTING
 Guan Ju - Red indicates devotion, courage,
bravery, uprightness and loyalty.
 Huang Pang - Yellow signifies fierceness,
ambition and cool-headedness.
 Zhu Wen - A green face tells the audience
that the character is not only impulsive and
violent, he also lacks self- restraint.
 Zhang Fei - Black symbolizes roughness
and fierceness. The black face indicates
either a rough and bold character or an
impartial and selfless personality.
 Lian Po - Purple stands for uprightness and
cool- headedness. While a reddish purple
face indicates a just and noble character.
 Cao Cao - white suggests treachery,
suspiciousness and craftiness. It is common
to see the white face of the powerful villain
on stage.
 Jiang Gan - The clown or chou in Chinese
Opera has special makeup patterns called
xiaohualian (the petty painted face).
Sometimes a small patch of chalk is painted
around the nose to show a mean and
secretive character.
 Gold and silver colors are usually used for
gods and spirits.
Chinese Folk Art
 In China, traditional funerals include
burning Yuanbao which is a folded
paper that looks like gold nuggets or
ingots called Sycee. Also in Ghost
Festival.
 Sycee – a type of silver or gold ingot
currency used in China.
 Gold sycees -are used as a symbol of
prosperity.
Paper Cutting
 symmetrical in design when unfolded
 adapt the 12 animals of the Chinese
Zodiac as themes and motifs
 mostly choose the red color
 The earliest use of paper was made as
a pattern for lacquers, and decoration
on windows, doors, and walls.
 Jianzhi is the first type of paper-
cutting design, since paper was
invented by the Chinese.
 "chuāng hua" - meaning Window
Flower.
Chinese Kite
 originated in WeiFang, Sandong,
China (City of Kites)
 Chinese kites may be differentiated
into four main categories:
1. Centipede
2. Hard-Winged Kites
3. Soft-Winged Kites
4. Flat Kites
Knot Tying
 Zhongguo is the Chinese decorative
handicraft art that began as a form of
Chinese folk art in the Tang and Song
Dynasty (960-1279 AD) in China.

JAPANESE ART
Ukiyo-e
 are handmade prints that enabled
printers to blend their favored bright,
sharp colors with contours done with
sumi ink on the printing block
 ukiyo-e genre thrived from the 17th
through 19th centuries.
Characteristics of Ukiyo-e
1. A well-defined, bold, flat line.
2. The arrangement of forms in flat
spaces.
3. Compositions were often asymmetrical
and the viewpoint was often done from
unusual angles, such as from above.
4. Elements of images were often
cropped giving the composition a
spontaneous feel.
5. The aesthetic of flat areas of color
contrasts with modulated colors
expected in Western traditions.
Development of Ukiyo-e
1. Sumizuri-e (ink-printed pictures)
 monochrome printing using only black ink
2. Benizuri-e (crimson printed pictures)
 red ink details or highlights added by hand
after the printing process; green was
sometimes used as well
3. Tan-e
 orange highlights using red pigment called
tan
4. Aizuri-e (indigo printed pictures)
5. Murasaki-e (purple pictures)
 other styles in which a single color was
used in addition to, or instead of, black ink
6. Urushi-e
 a method that thickens the ink with glue,
emboldening the image.
7. Nishiki-e (brocade pictures)
 method of using multiple blocks for
separate portions of the image, using a
number of colors to achieve complex
and detailed images. A separate block
was carved to apply only the part of
the image designated for a single
color.
Painting
 Artists painted with pigments made
from mineral or organic subtances,
such as safflower, ground shells, lead,
and cinnabar, and later synthetic dyes
imported from the West.
 silk or paper hanging scrolls
(kakemono)
 handscrolls (makimono)
 folding screens (byobu)
Origami
 The goal of origami (paper folding) is
to transform a sheet of paper into a
finished sculpture through folding and
sculpting techniques.
 Origami is also used in stents,
packaging, and other engineering
applications.
 Traditional original paper (washi)
 is used because it is stronger
than the ordinary paper.
 made from the bark fibers of
the gampi tree, the mitsumata
shrub, or the paper mulberry,
but it can also be made using
bamboo, hemp, rice and wheat
Types of Origami
1. Action origami
 these include origami flies, which
require inflation to complete, or when
complete, use the kinetic energy of a
person's hands, applied at a certain
region on the model, to move another
flap or limp when completed.
2. Modular origami
 these consists of putting a number of
identical pieces together to form a
complete model.
3. Wet Folding
 this is a technique for producing
models with gentle curves rather than
geometric straight folds and flat
surfaces. In this technique, paper is
damped so it can be manipulated
easily. The final model keeps its shape
when it dries.
4. Kirigami
 refers to designs that use scissors.
5. Noshi
 a kind of ceremonial origami attached
to gifts to express the sender's good
wishes. It consists of white paper
folded with a strip of dried abalone as
a token of good fortune. The noshi is
held together with a strip of paper or
with a mizuhiki.
Kumadori
 the most sophisticated face painting
designs in the world
 The metamorphosis of a Kabuki actor
begins in his make up. They call it
"face making" or "face preparation"
and helps transform them to become
living special effects that help present
the story.
Functions of kumadori makeup:
1. To capture and project the expressions
of the actor in enhanced form.
2. To externalize the inner persona of the
role through a design that responds to
the actor's features.
Theater Masks
Noh masks
 are carved from blocks of Japanese
cypress and painted with natural
pigments on a neutral base of glue and
crunched seashells.
 These masks tell the characters'
gender, age, and social ranking and by
wearing them, actors can portray old
men and women, youngsters, or
nonhuman characters like divine,
demon, or animal.
Manga and Anime
 Manga books and comics are
generally printed in black and white
and cover a variety of genres and
subject that appeal to both sexes and
all ages.
 Themes include action-adventure,
business/commerce, comedy,
detective, historical drama, horror
mystery, romance, science fiction, and
fantasy, sexuality, sports and games,
and suspense, among others.
 Anime differs from manga in its use of
color, movement, and sound especially
its theme song.
 In Japan, manga refers to all
cartooning, comics, and animation.
 Outside Japan, comics produced from
animation are called ani-manga.
Studio Ghibi, founded in 1985 has produced
numerous original feature films in animated
form.
Hayao Miyazaki
 a critically acclaimed animator has created
films which have touched the hearts of
people from all over the world.
 most of his protagonists are strong
independent girls or women.

THE ART OF INDIA
 art form that holds most traditions and
oldest history among all the art forms in
the world.
 The aspect of art in India is said to be
highly realistic.
 Art in India is sacred and holy. To them,
art is one way of expressing the message
of religion.
What has Influenced Indian Art?
 Architecture and rock cut art was an
important step taken for the progress of
Indian art, initiated by the Buddhists and
inspired Jains and Hindus who built similar
kind of structures like Ajanta, Elephanta,
Elora, Badami
 JAIN - Darma, meaning is a religion and
philosophy.
 JAINISM - is an Indian religion that
prescribes a path of non-violence towards
all living beings. Its philosophy and
practice emphasize the necessity of self-
effort to move the soul towards divine
consciousness and liberation.
 Visual art form painting started with rock
painting at Stone Age.
Mohenjo-Daro
 The first proof of India's artwork be found
in the artistic work and civilization of
Mehenjo-Daro.
 This was found in the Indus Valley in 2500
BCE. This site reveals the ruins of
carefully planned city that thrived about
4500 years ago.
Buddhism
 One of the biggest influences in India's art
is Buddhism
 One of the teachings of the Buddha is
about happiness and how to be free from
sin if one can learn to suppress all his
desires
 Buddhists believe that all negative mental
states or "delusions" as they are referred
to, can be overcome through the practice
of meditation.
 By learning how to meditate, humans can
develop peaceful and positive mental
states or "virtues” and be able to solve the
problems associated with their daily lives.
Buddhist Sculpture
 Pillars are built with a lotus- shape top
bearing the figure of lion, a symbol of
Imperial rule.
 Many pillars were built with Buddhist
symbols such as the elephant, the bull,
and the lotus.
 lion represented Buddha
 lotus represent divinity
Hinduism
 first religion in India
 Shiva
 lord of the dance
 drum in one hand, a symbol of
creation, and fire, a symbol of
destruction.
 who is god, is a sacred way of
presenting the religious message
 The legs and thigh are physically
enticing (highly attractive and be
able to arouse hope and desire).
 In this manner, physical and
spiritual characteristics of Shiva
are combined in this figure
Reincarnation
 also known as "transmigration of souls," or
"samsara."
 This is a journey on the "circle of life,"
where each person experiences as series
of physical births, deaths, and rebirths.
 Good karma, a person can be reborn into
a higher caste, or even to godhood
 Bad karma can relegate one to a lower
caste, or even to life as an animal in their
next life.
Nirvana
 This is the goal of the Hindu
 Nirvana is the release of the soul from the
seemingly endless cycle of rebirths
Hindu Paintings
 Walls were with carved and painted
images. Figures were painted realistically
and firmly outlined. Color is used for
shading.
 In Mogul Dynasty, the subjects were about
myths or histories of kings. Akbar, one of
the famous Mogul rulers, encouraged the
painters to paint subjects around them.
  When British took control over India,
South Indian artist, Ravi Varana, made a
large oil painting of
 Hindu gods in the style of British portrait
painting.
Hindu Architecture

 Hindu temple was not intended to

accommodate worshippers but was meant
to be viewed from the outside.
 Temples were used as altars, a residence
of gods, or a shelter for people who would
worship for enlightenment.
 the most outstanding is the Hindu temple
in Khanjuraho in central India.
 In Southern India, temples were built like
palaces which were surrounded by high
walls and tall gateways.
 Taj Mahal
 one of the famopus Indo-Islamic
architecture built in the 1600's
 by Shah Jaham, a Mogul emperor,
as a tomb for his wife
 It is made of marble.
BAHAI

 Houses of Worship, including the Lotus

Temple
KONARK

 temple architecture, and one of the most

stunning monuments of religion
Khajuraho

 is a famous tourist and archaeological site

known for its sculptured temples
dedicated to Shiva, Vishnu and Jain.
 has the largest group of medieval Hindu
and Jain temples famous for their erotic
sculptures.