Team Revision Tasks – Core 2 - Answers

Rules:
Students get into teams (maximum of four students per team).
Each sheet has four problems on one topic.
Teams can choose to complete problems individually or as a team.
Teams should complete the answers on the sheets provided.
The teacher can choose any member of a “winning” team to explain any problem; if a student can’t explain
the answer satisfactorily then they forfeit the point(s).
The competitive nature of these is obviously optional, dependent on the class and teacher’s preference.
Aim:
To break up the monotony of past papers and to allow the opportunity for peer teaching.

Core 2
 Task 1 – Algebra and Functions
Find the remainder when 𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 8 is divided by
(𝑥 − 3) and (𝑥 + 2). Hence, or otherwise, find all the
solutions to the equation 𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 8 = 0.
𝑓(3) = 33 − 2 × 32 − 4 × 3 + 8 = 5
𝑓(−2) = (−2)3 − 2 × (−2)2 − 4 × (−2) + 8 = 0
(𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 8) ÷ (𝑥 + 2) = 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4
(𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 − 2) = 0
𝑥 = −2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2
𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 3 + 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 − 6 where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are constants.
When 𝑓(𝑥) is divided by (2𝑥 − 1) the remainder is −5.
When 𝑓(𝑥) is divided by (𝑥 + 2) there is no remainder.
Factorise 𝑓(𝑥) completely.
𝑓(0.5) = 2 × (0.5)3 + (0.5)2 𝑎 + (0.5)𝑏 = −5
𝑓(−2) = 2 × (−2)3 + (−2)2 𝑎 + (−2)𝑏 = 0
𝑎 + 2𝑏 − 3 = 0
4𝑎 − 2𝑏 − 22 = 0
𝑎 = 5, 𝑏 = −1
Divide: 2𝑥 3 + 5𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 6 ÷ (𝑥 + 2) = (2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 3)
Answer: (𝑥 + 2)(2𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 1)
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 + 5𝑥 3 + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are constants.
The remainder when 𝑓(𝑥) is divided by (𝑥 − 2) is equal to
the remainder when 𝑓(𝑥) is divided by (𝑥 + 1). Given that
(𝑥 + 3) is a factor of 𝑓(𝑥) find 𝑎 and 𝑏.
24 + 5 × 23 + 2𝑎 + 𝑏 = (−1)4 + 5 × (−1)3 − 𝑎 + 𝑏
3𝑎 = −60
𝑎 = −20
(−3)4 + 5 × (−3)3 − 20 × (−3) + 𝑏 = 0
𝑏 = −6
𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 3 − 5𝑥 2 − 58𝑥 + 40 has a factor of (𝑥 − 5).
Find all the solutions to 𝑓(𝑥) = 0.
(3𝑥 3 − 5𝑥 2 − 58𝑥 + 40) ÷ (𝑥 − 5) = 3𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 − 8
(𝑥 − 5)(3𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 4) = 0
2
𝑥 = 5, , −4
3
Core 2
 Task 2 – Coordinate Geometry
The circle 𝐶 has centre 𝐴(2,1) and passes through the The circle 𝐶 has equation 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 6𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 12.
point 𝐵(10,7). Find the equation of the tangent to the Find the centre and radius of the circle.
circle at point 𝐵.
(𝑥 − 3)2 − 9 + (𝑦 + 2)2 − 4 = 12
3 4
Gradient 𝐴𝐵 = so gradient of tangent: −
4 3
(𝑥 − 3)2 + (𝑦 + 2)2 = 25
4
𝑦 − 7 = − (𝑥 − 10) Centre: (3, −2) and radius 5
3
4𝑥 + 3𝑦 − 61 = 0

The points 𝑃(−3,2) and 𝑄(13,4) form the diameter of a The circle 𝐶 has centre (3,1) and passes through the point
circle. Find the equation of the circle. 𝑃(8,3). Find the equation of the tangent to the circle at 𝑃
in the form 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑐 = 0 where 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐 are
Mid-point: (5,3) integers.

2
Radius: √82 + 12 = √65 Gradient of radius 𝐶𝑃 =
5
5
Gradient of tangent: −
(𝑥 − 5)2 + (𝑦 − 3)2 = 65 2
5
𝑦 − 3 = − (𝑥 − 8)
2
5𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 46 = 0

Core 2
 Task 3 – Exponentials and Logarithms
Given that 2 log 3 (𝑥 − 5) − log 3 (2𝑥 − 13) = 1, show that Find, giving your answer to 3𝑠𝑓 where appropriate, the
𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 + 64 = 0. value of 𝑥 for which:
a. 5𝑥 = 10
(𝑥−5)2 log 10
Rewrite: log 3 ( )=1 𝑥= = 1.43
2𝑥−13
(𝑥−5)2
log 5
Remove logarithms: =3
2𝑥−13
(𝑥 − 5)2 = 3(2𝑥 − 13) b. log 3 (𝑥 − 2) = −1
𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 + 25 = 6𝑥 − 39 𝑥 − 2 = 3−1
7
𝑥=
Simplifies to 𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 + 64 = 0 3

Solve the equation 72𝑥 − 4(7𝑥 ) + 3 = 0, giving your Find values of 𝑥 such that
answers to 2𝑑𝑝 where appropriate. log 2 32 + log 2 16
= log 2 𝑥
log 2 𝑥
Factorise: (7𝑥 − 3)(7𝑥 − 1) = 0
log 2 32 = 5 and log 2 16 = 4
𝑥
7 = 1 which gives 𝑥 = 0 (log 2 𝑥)2 = 9
7𝑥 = 3 log 2 𝑥 = ±3
log 3
𝑥= = 0.56 1
log 7 So 𝑥 = 8 𝑎𝑛𝑑
8

Core 2
 Task 4 – Trigonometry
Solve for 0 ≤ 𝑥 < 360°: In the triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶, 𝐴𝐵 = 11𝑐𝑚, 𝐵𝐶 = 7𝑐𝑚 and
4 sin 𝑥 = 3 tan 𝑥 𝐴𝐶 = 8𝑐𝑚.
Find the area of 𝐴𝐵𝐶, giving your answer in 𝑐𝑚2 to 3𝑠𝑓.
sin 𝑥
4 sin 𝑥 = 3
cos 𝑥 −1
112 + 72 − 82
4 sin 𝑥 cos 𝑥 − 3 sin 𝑥 = 0 𝐴 = cos ( ) = 46.5°
2 × 11 × 7
sin 𝑥 (4 cos 𝑥 − 3) = 0
1
𝑥 = 0°, 180°, 41.4°, 318.6° 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = × 11 × 7 × sin 46.5° = 27.9𝑐𝑚2
2

Solve for 0 ≤ 𝑥 < 2𝜋 all the solutions of

2 sin2 𝑥 + 2 = 7 cos 𝑥
Give your answers in radians.

2(1 − cos 2 𝑥) + 2 = 7 cos 𝑥

2 cos 2 𝑥 + 7 cos 𝑥 − 4 = 0
(2 cos 𝑥 − 1)(cos 𝑥 + 4) = 0
Find the length of the arc 𝐴𝐵 and the area of sector 𝑂𝐴𝐵. 1 𝜋 5𝜋
𝑥 = cos −1 ( ) = 𝑎𝑛𝑑
2 3 3
Arc length: 9 × 0.7 = 6.3𝑐𝑚 [cos −1 (4) 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒]
Area: 0.5 × 92 × 0.5 = 28.35𝑐𝑚2

Core 2
 Task 5 – Sequences and Series
Find the first 3 terms, in ascending powers of 𝑥, of the Find the first 4 terms, in ascending powers of 𝑥, of the
binomial expansion (3 − 𝑥)6 and simplify each term. binomial expansion (1 + 𝑎𝑥)7 , where 𝑎 is a constant,
giving each term in its simplest form. Given that the
6×5 coefficient of 𝑥 2 in this expansion is 525 find all possible
(3)6 + 6 × (3)5 × (−𝑥)1 + × (3)4 × (−𝑥)2
2×1 values of 𝑎.

729 − 1458𝑥 + 1215𝑥 2 7×6 7×6×5

17 + 7 × (𝑎𝑥) + × (𝑎𝑥)2 + (𝑎𝑥)3
2×1 3×2×1
1 + 7𝑎𝑥 + 21𝑎2 𝑥 2 + 35𝑎3 𝑥 3
21𝑎2 𝑥 2 = 525
𝑎 = ±5

A car was purchased for £18000 on 1st January. On the 1st The first three terms of a geometric series are (𝑘 + 4), 𝑘
of January the following year its value is 80% of the value and (2𝑘 − 15) respectively, where 𝑘 is a positive constant.
the previous year. The value of the car falls below £1000 Find the sum to infinity of this series.
after 𝑛 years. Find the value of 𝑛.
𝑘 2𝑘 − 15
𝑛 =
18000 × 0.8 < 1000 𝑘+4 𝑘
1 𝑘 2 = (𝑘 + 4)(2𝑘 − 15)
0.8𝑛 < 𝑘 2 = 2𝑘 2 − 7𝑘 − 60
18
log(1⁄18) 𝑘 2 − 7𝑘 − 60 = 0
𝑛< (𝑘 − 12)(𝑘 + 5) = 0
log(0.8)
𝑘 = 12
𝑛 < 12.9529 so therefore 𝑛 = 13

Core 2
 Task 6 – Differentiation
3
The curve 𝐶 has equation 𝑦 = 12√𝑥 − 𝑥 2 − 10, 𝑥 > 0. The volume of a solid right cylinder with a total surface
Find the coordinates of the turning point and state its area of 800𝑐𝑚2 is given by the formula 𝑉 = 400𝑟 − 𝜋𝑟 3 .
nature. Given that 𝑟 varies find the maximum value of 𝑉 to the
nearest 𝑐𝑚3 and justify that it’s a maximum.
𝑑𝑉
𝑑𝑦 1 3 1 = 400 − 3𝜋𝑟 2
= 6𝑥 −2 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑟
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑉 400
𝑑𝑦 When 𝑑𝑟 = 0 then 𝑟 = √ 3𝜋 (it has to be positive)
When = 0, 𝑥 = 4, 𝑦 = 6.
𝑑𝑥
2
𝑑 𝑦 −
3 3 −1 800 400 3
= −3𝑥 − 𝑥 2
2 𝑉 = 1737𝑐𝑚3 = √ 𝑐𝑚
𝑑𝑥 2 4 3 3𝜋
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑2 𝑉
When 𝑥 = 4, 2 < 0 so it’s a maximum. = −6𝜋𝑟 which will always be negative for positive values of 𝑟 so
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑟 2
therefore a maximum.
𝑑𝑦 The total length of the edges of a cuboid are given by
𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 𝑘√𝑥, where 𝑘 is a constant. Find .
𝑑𝑥 162
Given that 𝑦 is decreasing at 𝑥 = 4, find the set of possible 𝐿 = 12𝑥 + 2
values of 𝑘. 𝑥
Use calculus to find the minimum value of 𝐿 and justify
that it is a minimum.
𝑑𝑦 1 −1
= 2𝑥 − 𝑘𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝐿
𝑑𝑦
When 𝑥 = 4 then < 0 = 12 − 324𝑥 −3
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
1 1 𝑑𝐿
When = 0 then 𝑥 = 3 and 𝐿 = 54
2 × 4 − 𝑘 × 4− 2 < 0 𝑑𝑥
2 𝑑2𝐿
𝑘 > 32 = 972𝑥 −4 which is positive when𝑥 = 3 so minimum.
𝑑𝑥 2

Core 2
 Task 7 – Integration
5
𝑦=
3𝑥 2 − 2
Complete this table below, giving values to 2𝑑𝑝:
𝑥 2 2.25 2.5 2.75 3
𝑦 0.5 0.38 0.30 0.24 0.2
Use the trapezium rule to find an approximate value for
3
5
∫ 2
𝑑𝑥
2 3𝑥 − 2
Use algebra to find the points 𝐴 and 𝐵.
Hence otherwise find the shaded area 𝑅 using calculus. 0.25
[0.5 + 0.2 + 2(0.38 + 0.30 + 0.24)] = 0.32
𝑥 + 4 = −𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 24 2
𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 20 = 0
(𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 + 4) = 0
So 𝐴(−4,0) and 𝐵(5,9).
5
1 5
∫ −𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 24 𝑑𝑥 = [− 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 + 24𝑥] = 162
−4 3 −4
1 81
Area of the triangle not required: × 9 × 9 =
2 2

81 243
Area: 162 − = = 121.5
2 2

Core 2