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Introductory Chemistry An Active Learning Approach 5th Edition Cracolice Test Bank 1
Introductory Chemistry An Active Learning Approach 5th Edition Cracolice Test Bank 1
Introductory Chemistry An Active Learning Approach 5th Edition Cracolice Test Bank 1
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Dalton's atomic theory explained the observation that the percentage by mass of the elements in a
compound is always the same, thus Dalton's atomic theory supports what Law?
a. The Law of Definite Composition
b. The Law of Conservation of Mass
c. The Law of Conservation of Energy
d. The Law of Multiple Proportions
e. The Law of Chemical Compounds
ANS: A
Analysis:
A. Correct.
B. Incorrect. See Section 5.1, Goal 1.
C. Incorrect. See Section 5.1, Goal 1.
D. Incorrect. See Section 5.1, Goal 1.
E. Incorrect. See Section 5.1, Goal 1.
PTS: 1
2. Which of the following is not a description of atoms according to Dalton's atomic theory?
a. Atoms cannot be destroyed or created
b. Atoms of different elements may combine in the ratio of small, whole numbers to form
compounds
c. Atoms of the same element that have different masses are called isotopes
d. All atoms of one element have the same mass
e. Atoms of two different elements have different masses
ANS: C
Analysis:
A. Incorrect. See Section 5.1, Goal 1.
B. Incorrect. See Section 5.1, Goal 1.
C. Correct.
D. Incorrect. See Section 5.1, Goal 1.
E. Incorrect. See Section 5.1, Goal 1.
PTS: 1
3. Which of the following is not one of the main features of Dalton's atomic theory?
a. Each element is made up of tiny, individual particles called atoms
b. Atoms are indivisible; they cannot be created or destroyed
c. Mass differences among atoms of an element are caused by different numbers of neutrons
d. Atoms of one element are different from atoms of any other element
e. Atoms of one element may combine with atoms of another element to form chemical
compounds
ANS: C
Analysis:
A. Incorrect. See Section 5.1, Goal 1.
B. Incorrect. See Section 5.1, Goal 1.
C. Correct.
D. Incorrect. See Section 5.1, Goal 1.
E. Incorrect. See Section 5.1, Goal 1.
PTS: 1
4. Dalton's atomic theory led to a prediction that must be true if the theory is correct: when two elements
combine to form a compound, the masses in which they combine is constant.. What is the name of this
Law that followed from Dalton's atomic theory?
a. The Law of Weight Ratios
b. The Law of Multiple Proportions
c. The Law of Definite Composition
d. The Law of Conservation of Weight
e. The Law of Conservation of Mass
ANS: C
Analysis:
A. Incorrect. See Section 5.1, Goal 2.
B. Incorrect. See Section 5.1, Goal 2.
C. Correct.
D. Incorrect. See Section 5.1, Goal 2.
E. Incorrect. See Section 5.1, Goal 2.
PTS: 1
5. Consider the following pictorial representation of the postulates of Dalton’s atomic theory.
Which of the following is the best illustrates of the law of multiple proportions?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
e. None of these illustrate the law of multiple proportions.
ANS: D
Analysis:
A. Incorrect. See Section 5.1, Goal 2.
B. Incorrect. See Section 5.1, Goal 2.
C. Incorrect. See Section 5.1, Goal 2.
D. Correct..
E. Incorrect. See Section 5.1, Goal 2.
PTS: 1
PTS: 1
PTS: 1
PTS: 1
PTS: 1
PTS: 1
11. Which of the following is not a conclusion that follows from the results of the Rutherford scattering
experiment?
Analysis:
A. Incorrect. See Section 5.3, Goal 4.
B. Incorrect. See Section 5.3, Goal 4.
C. Incorrect. See Section 5.3, Goal 4.
D. Correct.
E. Incorrect. See Section 5.3, Goal 4.
12. Which of the following is an incorrect statement about the Rutherford scattering experiment?
a. Most of the alpha particles directed at a very thin gold foil passed right through the foil,
undeflected from their straight-line path
b. As a result of the experiment, the atom is pictured as consisting mostly of open space
c. The few alpha particles that were on a collision course with the gold electrons were
repelled backward at acute angles
d. The experiment led to the conclusion that the nucleus of an atom contains all of the atom's
positive charge
e. The experiment provided a partial understanding of the location and charge of the particles
within the atom
ANS: C
Analysis:
A. Incorrect. See Section 5.3, Goal 4.
B. Incorrect. See Section 5.3, Goal 4.
C. Correct.
D. Incorrect. See Section 5.3, Goal 4.
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