Chapter 5

Chapter 5
Arithmetic Progressions
Exercise 5.1
Page No 5.5:
Question 1: Write the first five terms of each of the following sequences
whose nth terms are:
T IO S I
(a) an = 3n + 2
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑛−3
(b) an =
3
PY
DO U A
(c) an = 3n
T
ED PR
3𝑛−2
(d) 𝑎𝑛 =
5
C
©
(e) an = (−1)n 2n
𝑛(𝑛−2)
(f) 𝑎𝑛 =
2
(g) an =n2 − n + 1
(h) an = 2n2 − 3n + 1
2𝑛−3
(i) 𝑎𝑛 =
6
ANSWER:
Here, we are given the nth term for various sequences. We need to find the
first five terms of the sequence.
(i) 𝑎𝑛 = 3𝑛 + 2
Here, the nth term is given by the above expression. So, to find the first
term we use 𝑛 = 1, we get,
𝑎1 = 3(1) + 2
=3+2
T IO S
=5
I
NO A D
Similarly, we find the other four terms,
CO N
A
Second term (𝑛 = 2),
PY
𝑎2 = 3(2) + 2
DO U A
T
=6+2
ED PR
=8
C
Third term (𝑛 = 3),

©
𝑎3 = 3(3) + 2
=9+2
= 11
Fourth term (𝑛 = 4),
𝑎4 = 3(4) + 2
= 12 + 2
= 14
Fifth term (𝑛 = 5),
𝑎5 = 3(5) + 2
= 15 + 2
= 17
Therefore, the first five terms for the given sequence are 𝑎1 = 5, 𝑎2 =
8, 𝑎3 = 11, 𝑎4 = 14, 𝑎5 = 17.
𝑛−2
(ii) an =
3
T IO S
term we use, 𝑛 = 1, we get,
I
NO A D
(1)−2
CO N
𝑎1 =
A
3
−1
PY
=
DO U A
3
T
ED PR

C
(2)−2
𝑎2 =
©
3
0
=
3
=0
Third term(𝑛 = 3),
(3)−2
𝑎3 =
3
1
=
3

(4)−2
𝑎4 =
3
2
=
3
(5)−2
𝑎5 =
3
3
=
3
=1
−1
Therefore, the first five terms for the given sequence are 𝑎1 = , 𝑎2 =
3
1 2
0, 𝑎3 = , 𝑎4 = , 𝑎5 = 1.
T IO S
3 3
I
(iii) 𝑎𝑛 = 3𝑛
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
𝑎1 = 3(1)
T
ED PR
=3
C

©
𝑎2 = 3(2)
= (3)(3)
=9
𝑎3 = 3(3)
= (3)(3)(3)
= 27
𝑎4 = 3(4)
= (3)(3)(3)(3)
= 81
𝑎5 = 3(5)
= (3)(3)(3)(3)(3)
= 243
T IO S
9, 𝑎3 = 27, 𝑎4 = 81, 𝑎5 = 243.
I
NO A D
CO N
A
3𝑛−2
(iv) 𝑎𝑛 =
PY
5
DO U A
T
ED PR
term we use, 𝑛 = 1, we get,

3(1)−2
𝑎1 =
C
5
©
1
=
5

3(2)−2
𝑎2 =
5
6−2
=
5
4
=
5
Third term(𝑛 = 3),

3(3)−2
𝑎3 =
5
9−2
=
5
7
=
5

3(4)−2
𝑎4 =
5
12−2
=
5
T IO S
10
=
5
I
=2 NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
3(5)−2
𝑎5 =
5
T
ED PR
15−2
=
5
13
C
=
5
©
1
5
4 7 13
, 𝑎3 = , 𝑎4 = 2, 𝑎5 = .
5 5 5
(v) 𝑎𝑛 = (−1)𝑛 2𝑛
𝑎1 = (−1)1 . 21
= (−1). 2
= −2
𝑎2 = (−1)2 . 22
= 1.4
=4
𝑎3 = (−1)3 . 23
T IO S
= (−1). 8
I
= −8
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑎4 = (−1)4 . 24
PY
DO U A
= 1.16
T
ED PR
= 16
C
©
𝑎5 = (−1)5 . 25
= (−1). 32
= −32
Therefore, the first five terms of the given A.P. are 𝑎1 = −2, 𝑎2 = 4, 𝑎3 =
−8, 𝑎4 = 16, 𝑎5 = −32.
𝑛(𝑛−2)
(vi) 𝑎𝑛 =
2
1(1−2)
𝑎1 =
2
−1
=
2

2(2−2)
𝑎2 =
2
2(0)
=
2
=0
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
3(3−2)
𝑎3 =
A
2
PY
3(1)
DO U A
=
2
T
3
ED PR
=
2

C
4(4−2)
©
𝑎4 =
2
4(2)
=
2
8
=
2
=4
5(5−2)
𝑎5 =
2
5(3)
=
2
15
=
2
−1
2
3 15
0, 𝑎3 = , 𝑎4 = 4, 𝑎5 = .
2 2
(vii) 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑛2 − 𝑛 + 1
𝑎1 = 12 − 1 + 1
T IO S
=1−1+1
I
=1
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
𝑎2 = (2)2 − (2) + 1
T
ED PR
=4−2+1
=3
C
©

𝑎3 = (3)2 − (3) + 1
=9−3+1
=7
𝑎4 = (4)2 − (4) + 1
= 16 − 4 + 1
= 13
𝑎5 = (5)2 − (5) + 1
= 25 − 5 + 1
= 21
3, 𝑎3 = 7, 𝑎4 = 13, 𝑎5 = 21.
(viii) 𝑎𝑛 = 2𝑛2 − 3𝑛 + 1
T IO S
term we use (𝑛 = 1), we get,
I
NO A D
𝑎1 = 2(1)2 − 3(1) + 1
CO N
A
= 2(1) − 3 + 1
PY
DO U A
=2−3+1
T
=0
ED PR

C

©
𝑎2 = 2(2)2 − 3(2) + 1
= 2(4) − 6 + 1
=8−6+1
=3
𝑎3 = 2(3)2 − 3(3) + 1
= 2(9) − 9 + 1
= 18 − 9 + 1
= 10
𝑎4 = 2(4)2 − 3(4) + 1
= 2(16) − 12 + 1
= 32 − 12 + 1
= 21
Fifth term(𝑛 = 5),
𝑎5 = 2(5)2 − 3(5) + 1
T IO S I
= 2(25) − 15 + 1
NO A D
CO N
= 50 − 15 + 1
A
= 36
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
3, 𝑎3 = 10, 𝑎4 = 21, 𝑎5 = 36.

2𝑛−3
(ix) 𝑎𝑛 =
C
6
©
term we use (𝑛 = 1), we get,
2(1)−3
𝑎1 =
6
2−3
=
6
−1
=
6

2(2)−3
𝑎2 =
6
4−3
=
6
1
=
6

2(3)−3
𝑎3 =
6
6−3
=
6
T IO S
3
=
6
I
= NO A D
1
CO N
2
A
PY
DO U A
2(4)−3
𝑎4 =
T
6
ED PR
8−3
=
6
C
5
=
©

2(5)−3
𝑎5 =
6
10−3
=
6
7
=
6
−1 1
Therefore, the first five terms of the given A.P are 𝑎1 = , 𝑎2 = , 𝑎3 =
6 6
1 5 7
, 𝑎4 = , 𝑎5 =
2 6 6
Page No 5.5:
Question 2: Find the indicated terms in each of the following sequences
whose nth terms are:
(a) an = 5n − 4; a12 and a15
3𝑛−2
(b) an = ; 𝑎7 and 𝑎8
4𝑛+5
(c) an = n (n −1) (n − 2); a5 and a8
T IO S I
(d) an = (n − 1) (2 − n) (3 + n); a1, a2, a3
NO A D
CO N
A
(e) an = (−1)n n ; a3, a5, a8
PY
ANSWER:
DO U A
T
Here, we are given the nth term for various sequences. We need to find the
ED PR
indicated terms of the A.P.

(i) 𝑎𝑛 = 5𝑛 − 4
C
©
We need to find 𝑎12 and 𝑎15

Now, to find 𝑎12 term we use 𝑛 = 12, we get,
𝑎12 = 5(12) − 4
= 60 − 4
= 56
Also, to find 𝑎15 term we use 𝑛 = 15, we get,
𝑎15 = 5(15) − 4
= 75 − 4
= 71
Thus, 𝑎12 = 56 and 𝑎15 = 71
3𝑛−2
(ii) an =
4𝑛+5

3(7)−2
𝑎7 =
4(7)+5
T IO S
21−2
I
=
28+5
NO A D
CO N
19
=
A
33
PY
DO U A
T
3(8)−2
𝑎8 =
ED PR
4(8)+5
24−2
=
C
32+5
©
22
=
37
19 22
Thus, 𝑎7 = and 𝑎8 =
33 37
(iii) 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2)

𝑎5 = 5(5 − 1)(5 − 2)
= 5(4)(3)
= 60
𝑎8 = 8(8 − 1)(8 − 2)
= 8(7)(6)
= 336
Thus, 𝑎5 = 60 and 𝑎8 = 336
(iv) 𝑎𝑛 = (𝑛 − 1)(2 − 𝑛)(3 + 𝑛)
T IO S I
We need to find 𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , and 𝑎3
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑎1 = (1 − 1)(2 − 1)(3 + 1)
PY
DO U A
= (0)(1)(4)
T
ED PR
=0
C
©
𝑎2 = (2 − 1)(2 − 2)(3 + 2)
= (1)(0)(5)
=0
Similarly, to find 𝑎3 term we use 𝑛 = 3, we get,
𝑎3 = (3 − 1)(2 − 3)(3 + 3)
= (2)(−1)(6)
= −12
Thus, 𝑎1 = 0, 𝑎2 = 0 and 𝑎3 = −12
(v) 𝑎𝑛 = (−1)𝑛 𝑛
We need to find 𝑎3 , 𝑎5 , and 𝑎8
𝑎3 = (−1)3 3
= (−1)3
= −3
𝑎5 = (−1)5 5
T IO S
= (−1)5
I
= −5
NO A D
CO N
Similarly, to find 𝑎8 term we use 𝑛 = 8, we get,
A
𝑎8 = (−1)8 8
PY
DO U A
= (1)8
T
ED PR
=8
Thus, 𝑎3 = −3, 𝑎5 = −5 and 𝑎8 = 8.
C
©
Page No 5.5:
Question 3: Find the next five terms of each of the following sequences
given by:
(i) 𝑎1 = 1, 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎𝑛−1 + 2, 𝑛 ≥ 2
(ii) 𝑎1 = 𝑎2 = 2, 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎𝑛−1 − 3, 𝑛 > 2
𝑎𝑛 −1
(iii) 𝑎1 = −1, 𝑎𝑛 = ,𝑛 ≥ 2
𝑛
(iv) 𝑎1 = 4, 𝑎𝑛 = 4𝑎𝑛−1 + 3, 𝑛 > 1.

ANSWER:
In the given problem, we are given the first, second term and the nth term
of an A.P.
We need to find its next five terms
(i) 𝑎1 = 1, 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎𝑛−1 + 2, 𝑛 ≥ 2
Here, we are given that 𝑛 ≥ 2
So, the next five terms of this A.P would be 𝑎2, 𝑎3 , 𝑎4 , 𝑎5 , and 𝑎6
T IO S
Now 𝑎1 = 1 …… (1)
I
NO A D
So, to find the 𝑎2 term we use 𝑛 = 2, we get,
CO N
A
𝑎2 = 𝑎2−1 + 2
PY
DO U A
𝑎2 = 𝑎1 + 2
T
ED PR
𝑎2 = 1 + 2 (Using 1)
𝑎2 = 3 …… (2)
C
For 𝑎3 , using 𝑛 = 3, we get,

©
𝑎3 = 𝑎3−1 + 2
𝑎3 = 𝑎2 + 2
𝑎3 = 3 + 2 (Using 2)
𝑎3 = 5 …… (3)
𝑎4 = 𝑎4−1 + 2
𝑎4 = 𝑎3 + 2
𝑎4 = 5 + 2, (Using 3)
𝑎4 = 7 …… (4)
𝑎5 = 𝑎5−1 + 2
𝑎5 = 𝑎4 + 2
𝑎5 = 7 + 2, (Using 4)
𝑎5 = 9 ……. (5)
T IO S
𝑎6 = 𝑎6−1 + 2
I
𝑎6 = 𝑎5 + 2
NO A D
CO N
𝑎6 = 9 + 2, (Using 5)
A
𝑎6 = 11
PY
DO U A
Therefore, the next five terms, of the given A.P are 𝑎2 = 3, 𝑎3 = 5, 𝑎4 =

T
ED PR
7, 𝑎5 = 9, and 𝑎6 = 11
(ii) 𝑎1 = 𝑎2 = 2, 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎𝑛−1 − 3, 𝑛 > 2
C
Here, we are given that 𝑛>2

©
So, the next five terms of this A.P would be 𝑎3 , 𝑎4 , 𝑎5 , 𝑎6 and 𝑎7

Now 𝑎1 = 𝑎2 = 2 …… (1)
𝑎3 = 𝑎3−1 − 3
𝑎3 = 𝑎2 − 3
𝑎3 = 2 − 3, (Using 1)
𝑎3 = −1 …… (2)
𝑎4 = 𝑎4−1 − 3
𝑎4 = 𝑎3 − 3
𝑎4 = −1 − 3, (Using 2)
𝑎4 = −4 …… (3)
𝑎5 = 𝑎5−1 − 3
𝑎5 = 𝑎4 − 3
T IO S
𝑎5 = −4 − 3, (Using 3)
I
𝑎5 = −7 …… (4)
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑎6 = 𝑎6−1 − 3
PY
DO U A
𝑎6 = 𝑎5 − 3
T
ED PR
𝑎6 = −7 − 3, (Using 4)
𝑎6 = −10 …… (5)
C
©

𝑎7 = 𝑎7−1 − 3
𝑎7 = 𝑎6 − 3
𝑎7 = −10 − 3, (Using 5)
𝑎7 = −13
Therefore, the next five terms, of the given A.P are 𝑎3 = −1, 𝑎4 = −4,
𝑎5 = −7, 𝑎6 = −10, and 𝑎7 = −13
𝑎𝑛−1
(iii) 𝑎1 = −1, 𝑎𝑛 = ,𝑛 ≥ 2
𝑛
Here, we are given that 𝑛 ≥ 2

Now 𝑎1 == 1 …… (1)
𝑎2−1
𝑎2 =
2
𝑎1
𝑎2 =
2
1
𝑎2 = (Using 1)
2
1
𝑎2 = …… (2)
T IO S
2
I
NO A D
CO N
𝑎3−1
𝑎3 =
A
3
PY
𝑎2
𝑎3 =
DO U A
3
T
−1
ED PR
2
𝑎3 = (Using 2)
3
−1
…… (3)
C
𝑎3 =
6
©

𝑎4−1
𝑎4 =
4
𝑎3
𝑎4 =
4
−1
6
𝑎4 = (Using 3)
4
−1
𝑎4 = …… (4)
24

𝑎5−1
𝑎5 =
5
𝑎4
𝑎5 =
5
−1
24
𝑎5 = (Using 4)
5
−1
𝑎5 = …… (5)
120

𝑎6−1
𝑎6 =
6
𝑎5
𝑎6 =
6
T IO S
−1
120
𝑎6 = (Using 5)
I
6
NO A D
CO N
−1
𝑎6 =
A
720
PY
−1 −1
Therefore, the next five terms, of the given A.P are 𝑎2 = , 𝑎3 = ,
DO U A
2 6
−1 −1 −1
T
𝑎4 = , 𝑎5 = , and 𝑎6 =
ED PR
24 120 720
C
(iv) 𝑎1 = 4, 𝑎𝑛 = 4𝑎𝑛−1 + 3, 𝑛 > 1

©
Here, we are given that n > 1.

Now 𝑎1 = 4 …… (1)
𝑎2 = 4𝑎2−1 + 3
𝑎2 = 4𝑎1 + 3
𝑎2 = 4(4) + 3 (Using 1)
𝑎2 = 19 …… (2)
𝑎3 = 4𝑎3−1 + 3
𝑎3 = 4𝑎2 + 3
𝑎3 = 4(19) + 3 (Using 2)
𝑎3 = 79 …… (3)
T IO S
𝑎4 = 4𝑎4−1 + 3
I
𝑎4 = 4𝑎3 + 3
NO A D
CO N
𝑎4 = 4(79) + 3 (Using 3)
A
𝑎4 = 319 …… (4)
PY
DO U A

T
ED PR
𝑎5 = 4𝑎5−1 + 3
𝑎5 = 4𝑎4 + 3
C
©
𝑎5 = 4(319) + 3 (Using 4)
𝑎5 = 1279 …… (5)
𝑎6 = 4𝑎6−1 + 3
𝑎6 = 4𝑎5 + 3
𝑎6 = 4(1279) + 3 (Using 5)
𝑎6 = 5119
Therefore, the next five terms, of the given A.P are 𝑎2 = 19, 𝑎3 = 76,
𝑎4 = 319, 𝑎5 = 1279, and 𝑎6 = 5119
Exercise 5.2
Page No 5.8:
Question 1: Show that the sequence defined by an = 5n −7 is an A.P, find
its common difference.
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we need to show that the given sequence is an A.P
and then find its common difference.
T IO S
Here,
I
an = 5n −7
NO A D
CO N
A
Now, to show that it is an A.P, we will find its few terms by
substituting 𝑛 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
PY
DO U A
So,
T
ED PR
Substituting n = 1, we get
𝑎1 = 5(1) − 7
C
©
𝑎1 = −2
𝑎2 = 5(2) − 7
𝑎2 = 3
𝑎3 = 5(3) − 7
𝑎3 = 13
𝑎4 = 5(4) − 7
𝑎4 = 13
𝑎5 = 5(5) − 7
𝑎5 = 18
Further, for the given sequence to be an A.P,
We find the common difference (d)
d = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2 =
T IO S
Thus,
I
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 3 − (−2)
NO A D
CO N
=5
A
Also,
PY
DO U A
𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = 8 − 3
T
ED PR
=5
Since 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2 =
C
©
Hence, the given sequence is an A.P and its common difference is d = 5.
Page No 5.8:
Question 2: Show that the sequence defined by an = 3n2 − 5 is not an A.P.
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we need to show that the given sequence is not an
A.P
Here,
an = 3n2 − 5
Now, first we will find its few terms by substituting 𝑛 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
So,
𝑎1 = 3(1)2 − 5
𝑎1 = −2
𝑎2 = 3(2)2 − 5
T IO S
𝑎2 = 7
I
NO A D
CO N
𝑎3 = 3(3)2 − 5
A
𝑎3 = 22
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
𝑎4 = 3(4)2 − 5
𝑎4 = 43
C
©
𝑎5 = 3(5)2 − 5
𝑎5 = 70
We find the common difference (d) = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2
Thus,
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 7 − (−2)
=9
Also,
𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = 22 − 7
= 15
So, 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 ≠ 𝑎3 − 𝑎2
Hence, the given sequence is not an A.P.
Page No 5.8:
Question 3: The general term of a sequence is give by an = −4n + 15. Is
the sequence an A.P.? If so, find its 15th term and the common difference.
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
NO A D
In the given problem, we need to find that the given sequence is an A.P
CO N
A
or not and then find its 15th term and the common difference.
PY
Here,
DO U A
T
an = −4n + 15
ED PR
Now, to find that it is an A.P or not, we will find its few terms by
substituting 𝑛 = 1, 2, 3
C
©
So,
𝑎1 = −4(1) + 15
𝑎1 = 11
𝑎2 = −4(3) + 15
𝑎2 = 3
𝑎3 = −4(3) + 15
𝑎3 = 3
We find the common difference (d) 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2
Thus,
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 7 − 11
= −4
Also,
𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = 3 − 7
T IO S I
= −4
NO A D
CO N
Since 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2
A
Hence, the given sequence is an A.P and its common difference is 𝑑 =
PY
DO U A
−4
T
ED PR
Now, to find its 15th using the formula = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2

First term (a) = 11
C
n = 15
©
Common difference (d) = −4

Substituting the above values in the formula
𝑎15 = 11 + (15 − 1)(−4)
𝑎15 = 11 + (−56)
𝑎15 = −45
Therefore, 𝑎15 = −45
Page No 5.8:
Question 4: Write the sequence with nth term:
(i) an = 3 + 4n
(ii) an = 5 + 2n
(iii) an = 6 − n
(iv) an = 9 − 5n
T IO S I
Show that all of the above sequences form A.P.
NO A D
CO N
ANSWER:
A
In the given problem, we are given the sequence with the nth term (𝑎𝑛 ).
PY
DO U A
We need to show that these sequences form an A.P

T
ED PR
(i) 𝑎𝑛 = 3 + 4𝑛
Now, to show that it is an A.P, we will first find its few terms by
C
©
So,
𝑎1 = 3 + 4(1)
𝑎1 = 7
𝑎2 = 3 + 4(2)
𝑎2 = 11
𝑎3 = 3 + 4(3)
𝑎3 = 15
Common difference (d) = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2
Here,
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 11 − 7
=4
T IO S
Also,
I
𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = 15 − 11
NO A D
CO N
=4
A
Since 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2
PY
DO U A
Hence, the given sequence is an A.P

T
ED PR
(ii) 𝑎𝑛 = 5 + 2𝑛
C
©

So,
𝑎1 = 5 + 2(1)
𝑎1 = 7
𝑎2 = 5 + 2(2)
𝑎2 = 9
𝑎3 = 5 + 2(3)
𝑎3 = 11
Further, for the given to sequence to be an A.P,
Here,
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 9 − 7
T IO S
=2
I
Also,
NO A D
CO N
𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = 11 − 9
A
=2
PY
DO U A
Since 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2
T
ED PR

C
©
(iii) 𝑎𝑛 = 6 − 𝑛
So,
𝑎1 = 6 − 1
𝑎1 = 5
𝑎2 = 6 − 2
𝑎2 = 4
𝑎3 = 6 − 3
𝑎3 = 3
T IO S
Here,
I
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 4 − 5
NO A D
CO N
= −1
A
Also,
PY
DO U A
𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = 3 − 4
T
ED PR
= −1
Since 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2
C
©
(iv) 𝑎𝑛 = 9 − 5𝑛
So,
𝑎1 = 9 − 5(1)
𝑎1 = 4
𝑎2 = 9 − 5(2)
𝑎2 = −1
𝑎3 = 9 − 5(3)
𝑎3 = −6
T IO S
I
NO A D
CO N
Here,
A
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = −1 − 4
PY
DO U A
= −5
T
ED PR
Also,
𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = −6 − (−1)
C
©
= −5
Since 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2
Hence, the given sequence is an A.P.
Page No 5.8:
Question 5: The nth term of an A.P. is 6n + 2. Find the common
difference.
ANSWER:
In the given problem, nth term is given by “𝑎𝑛 = 6𝑛 + 2”. To find the
common difference of the A.P., we need two consecutive terms of the A.P.
So, let us find the first and the second term of the given A.P.
First term (𝑛 = 1),
𝑎1 = 6(1) + 2
=6+2
=8
𝑎2 = 6(2) + 2
T IO S
= 12 + 2
I
= 14
NO A D
CO N
Now, the common difference of the A.P. (d) = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1
A
= 14 – 8
PY
DO U A
=6
T
ED PR
Therefore, the common difference is 𝑑 = 6.

C
Page No 5.9:
©
Question 6: Justify whether it is true to say that the sequence having

following nth term is an A.P.
(i) an = 2n – 1 (ii) an = 3n2 + 5 (iii) an = 1 + n + n2
ANSWER:
(i)
Consider the expression an = 2n − 1,

For n = 1, a1 = 2(1) − 1 = 1
For n = 2, a2 = 2(2) − 1 = 3
For n = 3, a3 = 2(3) − 1 = 5
For n = 4, a4 = 2(4) − 1 = 7
The first four terms are 1, 3, 5, 7.
The difference between each consecutive term is 2.
Hence this is an A.P.
(ii)
Consider the expression an = 3n2 + 1,
For n = 1, a1 = 3(12) + 1 = 8
For n = 2, a2 = 3(22) + 1 = 17
For n = 3, a3 = 3(32) + 1 = 32
For n = 4, a4 = 3(42) + 1 = 53
T IO S
I
The difference between each consecutive is not same.
NO A D
Hence this is not an A.P.
CO N
A
PY
(iii)
DO U A
Consider the expression an = 1 + n + n2,
T
For n = 1, a1 = 1 + 1 + 1 = 3
ED PR
For n = 2, a2 = 1 + 2 + 4 = 7
For n = 3, a3 = 1 + 3 + 9 = 13
C
For n = 4, a4 = 1 + 4 + 16 = 21
©

The difference between each consecutive term is not same.
Hence this is not an A.P.
Exercise 5.3
Page No 5.11:
Question 1: For the following arithmetic progressions write the first term
a and the common difference d:
(i) −5, −1, 3, 7, ...
1 3 5 7
(ii) , , ,
5 5 5 5
T IO S
(iii) 0.3, 0.55, 0.80, 1.05, ...
I
(iv) −1.1, −3.1, −5.1, −7.1, ...
NO A D
CO N
ANSWER:
A
In the given problem, we need to write the first term (a) and the common
PY
DO U A
difference (d) of the given A.P
T
(i) −5, −1, 3, 7 …
ED PR
Here, first term of the given A.P is (a) = −5

C
Now, we will find the difference between the two terms of the given A.P
©
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = −1 − (−5)
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 4
Similarly,
𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = 3 − (−1)
𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = 4
𝑎4 − 𝑎3 = 7 − 3 Also,
𝑎4 − 𝑎3 = 4
As 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = 𝑎4 − 𝑎3 = 4
Therefore, the first term of the given A.P is 𝑎 = −5 and the common
difference of the given is 𝑑 = 4
1 3 5 7
(ii) , , , ….
5 5 5 5
1
Here, first term of the given A.P is (a) =
5
3 1
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = −
5 5
2
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 =
5
T IO S
Similarly,
I
5 3
NO A D
𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = −
5 5
CO N
A
2
𝑎3 − 𝑎2 =
5
PY
DO U A
7 5
𝑎4 − 𝑎3 = − Also,
T
5 5
ED PR
2
𝑎4 − 𝑎3 =
5
C
2
As 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = 𝑎4 − 𝑎3 =
©
5
1
Therefore, the first term of the given A.P is 𝑎 = and the common
5
2
difference is 𝑑 =
5
(iii) 0.3, 0.55, 0.80, 1.05, …

Here, first term of the given A.P is (a) = 0.3
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 0.55 − 0.3
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 0.25
Similarly,
𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = 0.80 − 0.55
𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = 0.25
Also,
𝑎4 − 𝑎3 = 1.05 − 0.80
𝑎4 − 𝑎3 = 0.25
As 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = 𝑎4 − 𝑎3 = 0.25
T IO S
Therefore, the first term of A.P is 𝑎 = 0.3 and the common difference is
𝑑 = 0.25
I
NO A D
CO N
A
(iv) −1.1, −3.1, −5.1, −7.1...
PY
DO U A
Here, first term of the given A.P is (a) = −1.1
T
ED PR
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = −3.1 − (−1.1)
C
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = −2
©
Similarly,
𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = −5.1 − (3.1)
𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = −2
Also,
𝑎4 − 𝑎3 = −7.1 − (−5.1)
𝑎4 − 𝑎3 = −2
As 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = 𝑎4 − 𝑎3 = −2
Therefore, the first term of A.P is 𝑎 = −1.1 and the common difference
is 𝑑 = −2
Page No 5.11:
Question 2: Write the arithmetic progression when first term a and
common difference d are as follows:
(i) a = 4, d = −3
(ii) a = −1, d = 12
(iii) a = −1.5, d = −0.5
ANSWER:
T IO S
In the given problem, we are given its first term (a) and common
I
NO A D
difference (d).
CO N
A
We need to find the A.P
PY
(i) 𝑎 = 4, 𝑑 = −3
DO U A
T
Now, as 𝑎 = 4
ED PR
A.P would be represented by 𝑎, 𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 , 𝑎4 , … …

C
So,
©
𝑎1 = 𝑎 + 𝑑
𝑎1 = 4 + (−3)
𝑎1 = 1
Similarly,
𝑎2 = 𝑎1 + 𝑑
𝑎2 = 1 + (−3)
𝑎2 = −2
Also,
𝑎3 = 𝑎2 + 𝑑
𝑎3 = −2 + (−3)
𝑎3 = −5
Further,
𝑎4 = 𝑎3 + 𝑑
𝑎4 = −5 + (−3)
𝑎4 = −8
Therefore, A. P. with 𝑎 = 4 and 𝑑 = −3 is 4, 1, −2, −5, −8, ….
1
T IO S
(ii) 𝑎 = −1, 𝑑 =
2
I
Now, as 𝑎 = −1
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
So,
DO U A
T
𝑎1 = 𝑎 + 𝑑
ED PR
1
𝑎1 = −1 + ( )
2
C
−2+1
𝑎1 =
©
2
−1
𝑎1 =
2
Similarly,
𝑎2 = 𝑎1 + 𝑑
−1 1
𝑎2 = +( )
2 2
𝑎2 = 0
Also,
𝑎3 = 𝑎2 + 𝑑
1
𝑎3 = 0 + ( )
2
1
𝑎3 =
2
Further,
𝑎4 = 𝑎3 + 𝑑
1 1
𝑎4 = ( ) + ( )
2 2
2
𝑎4 =
2
𝑎4 = 1
T IO S I
−1 1
Therefore, A. P. with 𝑎 = 4 and 𝑑 = −3 is 4, 1, , 0, , 1, ….
NO A D 2 2
CO N
(iii) 𝑎 = −1.5, 𝑑 = −0.5
A
PY
Now, as 𝑎 = −1.5
DO U A
T
ED PR
So,
𝑎1 = 𝑎 + 𝑑
C
©
𝑎1 = −1.5 + (−0.5)
𝑎1 = −2
Similarly,
𝑎2 = 𝑎1 + 𝑑
𝑎2 = −2 + (−0.5)
𝑎2 = −2.5
Also,
𝑎3 = 𝑎2 + 𝑑
𝑎3 = −2.5 + (−0.5)
𝑎3 = −3
Further,
𝑎4 = 𝑎3 + 𝑑
𝑎4 = −3 + (−0.5)
𝑎4 = −3.5
Therefore, A. P. with 𝑎 = 4 and 𝑑 = −3 is −1.5, −2, −2.5, −3, −3.5, ….
T IO S
Page No 5.11:
I
Question 3: In which of the following situations, the sequence of numbers
NO A D
formed will form an A.P.?
CO N
A
(i) The cost of digging a well for the first metre is Rs 150 and rises by Rs.
PY
20 for each succeeding metre.
DO U A
T
(ii) The amount of air present in the cylinder when a vacuum pump
ED PR
1
removes each time of their remaining in the cylinder.
4
C
ANSWER:
©
(i) In the given problem,

Cost of digging a well for the first meter = Rs 150
Cost of digging a well for subsequent meter is increased by Rs 20
So,
Cost of digging a well of depth one meter = Rs. 150
Cost of digging a well of depth two meters = Rs 150 + 20 = Rs. 170
Cost of digging a well of depth three meters = Rs 150 + 20 +20 = Rs. 190
Cost of digging a well of depth four meters = Rs 150 + 20 + 20 + 20 = Rs.
210
Thus, the costs of digging a well of different depths are 150, 170, 190,
210, ….
Now, for a sequence to be an A.P., the difference between adjacent terms
should be equal.
Here,
𝑎1 − 𝑎 = 170 − 150
= 20
T IO S
Also,
I
NO A D
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 190 − 170
CO N
A
= 20
PY
Therefore, 𝑎1 − 𝑎 = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1
DO U A
T
Since the terms of the sequence are at a common difference of 20, the
ED PR
above sequence is an A.P. with the first term as 𝑎 = 150 and common
difference 𝑑 = 20.
C
(ii) Here, let us take the initial amount of air present in the cylinder as 100
©
units.
So,
1
Amount left after vacuum pump removes air for 1st time = 100 − ( ) 100
4
= 100 – 25
= 75
1
Amount left after vacuum pump removes air for 2nd time = 75 − ( ) 75
4
= 75 – 18.75
= 56.25
Amount left after vacuum pump removes air for 3 rd time = 56.25 −
1
( ) 56.25
4
= 56.25 – 14.06
= 42.19
Thus, the amount left in the cylinder at various stages is 100, 75, 56.25,
42.19, ….
T IO S
Now, for a sequence to be an A.P., the difference between adjacent terms
I
NO A D
should be equal.
CO N
A
𝑎1 − 𝑎 = 75 − 100
PY
= −25
DO U A
T
Also,
ED PR
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 56.25 − 75
C
= −18.75
©
Since, 𝑎1 − 𝑎 ≠ 𝑎2 − 𝑎1
The sequence is not an A.P.
(iii)Here, principal (P) = 1000

Rate (r) = 10%
Amount compounded annually is given by
𝑟 𝑛
𝐴 = 𝑃 (1 + )
100
For the first year,

10 1
𝐴1 = 1000 (1 + ) = 1100
100
For the second year,
10 2
𝐴2 = 1000 (1 + ) = 1210
100
For the third year,

10 3
𝐴1 = 1000 (1 + ) = 1331
100
Therefore, first three terms are 1100, 1210, 1331.

The common difference between the consecutive terms are not same.
T IO S I
Hence, this is not in A.P.
NO A D
CO N
Page No 5.11:
A
Question 4: Find the common difference and write the next four terms of
PY
DO U A
each of the following arithmetic progressions:
T
(i) 1, −2, −5, −8, ...
ED PR
(ii) 0, −3, −6, −9, ...

C
1 3
(iii) −1, , , ...
©
4 2
5 2
(iv) −1, , , ...
6 3
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we need to find the common difference and the next
four terms of the given A.P.
(i) 1, −2, −5, −8, ….

Here, first term (a1) = 1
Common difference (d) = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1
= −2 − 1
= −3
Now, we need to find the next four terms of the given A.P
That is we need to find 𝑎5 , 𝑎6 , 𝑎7 , 𝑎8
So, using the formula 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
Substituting 𝑛 = 5, 6, 7, 8 in the above formula
Substituting 𝑛 = 5, we get
𝑎5 = 1 + (5 − 1)(−3)
T IO S I
𝑎5 = 1 − 12
NO A D
CO N
𝑎5 = −11
A
PY
DO U A
𝑎6 = 1 + (6 − 1)(−3)
T
ED PR
𝑎6 = 1 − 15
𝑎6 = −14
C
©
𝑎7 = 1 + (7 − 1)(−3)
𝑎7 = 1 − 18
𝑎7 = −17
𝑎8 = 1 + (8 − 1)(−3)
𝑎8 = 1 − 21
𝑎8 = −20
Therefore, the common difference is 𝑑 = −3 and the next four terms are
−11, −14, −17, −20
(ii) 0, −3, −6, −9, ….
Here, first term (a1) =0
= −3 − 0
= −3
T IO S
I
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
𝑎5 = 0 + (5 − 1)(−3)
C
©
𝑎5 = 0 − 12
𝑎5 = −12
𝑎6 = 0 + (6 − 1)(−3)
𝑎6 = 0 − 15
𝑎6 = −15
𝑎7 = 0 + (7 − 1)(−3)
𝑎7 = 0 − 18
𝑎7 = −18
𝑎8 = 0 + (8 − 1)(−3)
𝑎8 = 0 − 21
𝑎8 = −21
Therefore, the common difference is 𝑑 = −3 and the next four terms are
−12, −15, −18, −21
T IO S
1 3
I
(iii) −1, , , ….
4 2
NO A D
CO N
Here, first term (a1) = −1
A
PY
DO U A
1
= − (−1)
T
4
ED PR
1+4
=
4
C
5
=
©
5
𝑎4 = −1 + (4 − 1) ( )
4
15
𝑎4 = −1 +
4
−4+15
𝑎4 =
4
11
𝑎4 =
4
5
𝑎5 = −1 + (5 − 1) ( )
4
𝑎5 = −1 + 5
𝑎5 = 4
T IO S
5
𝑎6 = −1 + (6 − 1) ( )
I
4
NO A D
CO N
25
𝑎6 = −1 +
A
4
PY
−4+25
DO U A
𝑎6 =
4
T
21
ED PR
𝑎6 =
4
C
5
©
𝑎7 = −1 + (7 − 1) ( )
4
30
𝑎7 = −1 +
4
−4+30
𝑎7 =
4
26
𝑎7 =
4
5
Therefore, the common difference is 𝑑 = and the next four terms are
4
11 21 26
, 4, ,
4 4 4
5 2
(iv) −1, − , − , … ..
6 3
Here, first term (a1) = −1
5
= − − (−1)
6
−5+6
=
6
1
=
6
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
1
𝑎4 = −1 + (4 − 1) ( )
6
1
C
𝑎4 = −1 + ( )
2
©
−2+1 −1
𝑎4 = =
2 2
1
𝑎5 = −1 + (5 − 1) ( )
6
2
𝑎5 = −1 +
3
−3+2
𝑎5 =
3
1
𝑎5 = −
3
1
𝑎6 = −1 + (6 − 1) ( )
6
5
𝑎6 = −1 +
6
−6+5
𝑎6 =
6
1
𝑎6 = −
6
T IO S
1
𝑎7 = −1 + (7 − 1) ( )
I
6
NO A D
𝑎7 = −1 + 1
CO N
A
𝑎7 = 0
PY
DO U A
1
Therefore, the common difference is 𝑑 = and the next four terms are
6
T
1 1 1
ED PR
− ,− ,− ,0
2 3 6
C
©
Page No 5.11:
Question 5: Prove that no matter what the real numbers a and b are, the
sequence with nth term 𝑎 + 𝑛𝑏 is always an A.P. What is the common
difference?
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we are given the sequence with the nth term (𝑎𝑛 ) as
𝑎 + 𝑛𝑏 where a and b are real numbers.
We need to show that this sequence is an A.P and then find its common
difference (d)
Here,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + 𝑛𝑏
Now, to show that it is an A.P, we will find its few terms by substituting
𝑛 = 1, 2, 3
So,
𝑎1 = 𝑎 + (1)𝑏
𝑎1 = 𝑎 + 𝑏
T IO S
I
NO A D
𝑎2 = 𝑎 + (2)𝑏
CO N
A
𝑎2 = 𝑎 + 2𝑏
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
𝑎3 = 𝑎 + (3)𝑏
𝑎3 = 𝑎 + 3𝑏
C

©

Here,
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑎 + 2𝑏 − 𝑎 − 𝑏
=𝑏
Also,
𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = 𝑎 + 3𝑏 − 𝑎 − 2𝑏
=𝑏
Since 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2
Hence, the given sequence is an A.P and its common difference is 𝑑 = 𝑏.
Page No 5.11:
Question 6: Which of the following sequences are arithmetic
progressions. For those which are arithmetic progressions, find out the
common difference.
(i) 3, 6, 12, 24, ...
(ii) 0, −4, −8, −12, ...
T IO S
1 1 1 1
(iii) , , , , ...
I
2 4 6 8
NO A D
(iv) 12, 2, −8, −18, ...
CO N
A
(v) 3, 3, 3, 3, ...
PY
DO U A
(vi) 𝑝, 𝑝 + 90, 𝑝 + 180 𝑝 + 270, ... where 𝑝 = (999)999
T
ED PR
(vii) 1.0, 1.7, 2.4, 3.1, ...

(viii) −225, −425, −625, −825, ...
C
(ix) 10, 10 + 25, 10 + 26, 10 + 27, ...

©
(x) a + b, (a + 1) + b, (a + 1) + (b + 1), (a + 2) + (b + 1), (a + 2) + (b + 2),

...
(xi) 12, 32, 52, 72, ...
(xii) 12, 52, 72, 73, ...
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we are given various sequences.
We need to find out that the given sequences are an A.P or not and then
find its common difference (d)
(i) 3, 6, 12, 24, …
Here,
First term (a) = 3
𝑎1 = 6
𝑎2 = 12
Now, for the given to sequence to be an A.P,
Common difference (d)
Here,
𝑎1 − 𝑎 = 6 − 3
T IO S I
=3
NO A D
CO N
Also,
A
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 12 − 6
PY
DO U A
=6
T
ED PR
Since 𝑎1 − 𝑎 ≠ 𝑎2 − 𝑎1
Hence, the given sequence is not an A.P
C
©
(ii) 0, -4, -8, -12, …

Here,
First term (a) = 0
𝑎1 = −4
𝑎2 = −8
Now, for the given sequence to be an A.P,
Common difference (d) = 𝑎1 − 𝑎 = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1
Here
𝑎1 − 𝑎 = −4 − 0
= −4
Also,
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = −8 − (−4)
= −4
−4
T IO S
1 1 1 1
I
(iii) , , , , … …
2 4 6 8
NO A D
CO N
Here,
A
1
PY
First term (a) =
DO U A
2
1
T
𝑎1 =
ED PR
4
1
𝑎2 =
6
C
©

Here,
1 1
𝑎1 − 𝑎 = −
4 2
1−2
=
4
−1
=
4
Also,
1 1
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = −
6 4
2−3
=
12
−1
=
12
(iv) 12, 2, -8, -18
Here,
T IO S
First term (a) = 12
I
𝑎1 = 2NO A D
CO N
A
𝑎2 = −8
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Here,
C
𝑎1 − 𝑎 = 2 − 12
©
= −10
Also,
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = −8 − 2
= −10
Since 𝑎1 − 𝑎 = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1
Hence, the given sequence is an A.P with the common difference 𝑑 =
−10
(v) 3, 3, 3, 3, …
Here,
First term (a) = 3
𝑎1 = 3
𝑎2 = 3
Here,
𝑎1 − 𝑎 = 3 − 3
T IO S I
=0
NO A D
CO N
Also,
A
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 3 − 3
PY
DO U A
=0
T
ED PR
Hence, the given sequence is an A.P and its common difference is 𝑑 = 0
C
©
(vi) 𝑝, 𝑝 + 90, 𝑝 + 180, 𝑝 + 270, … Where, 𝑝 = (999)999

Here,
First term (a) = p
𝑎1 = 𝑝 + 90
𝑎2 = 𝑝 + 180
Here,
𝑎1 − 𝑎 = 𝑝 + 90 − 𝑝
= 90
Also,
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑝 + 180 − 𝑝 − 90
= 90
(vii) 1.0, 1.7, 2.4, 3.1, ….
T IO S I
Here,
NO A D
CO N
First term (a) = 1.0
A
𝑎1 = 1.7
PY
DO U A
𝑎2 = 2.4
T
ED PR

C
©
Here,
𝑎1 − 𝑎 = 1.7 − 1.0
= 0.7
Also,
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 2.4 − 1.7
= 0.7
0.7
(viii) −225, −425, −625, −825, ….
Here,
First term (a) = −225
𝑎1 = −425
𝑎2 = −625
T IO S I
Here,
NO A D
CO N
𝑎1 − 𝑎 = −425 − (−225)
A
= −200
PY
DO U A
Also,
T
ED PR
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = −625 − (−425)
= −200
C
©
−200
(ix) 10,10 + 25 , 10 + 26 , 10 + 27 , … ..
Here,
First term (a) = 10
𝑎1 = 10 + 25
𝑎2 = 10 + 26
𝑎3 = 10 + 27
Here,
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 10 + 26 − 10 − 25
= 64 − 32
= 32
𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = 10 + 27 − 10 − 26
T IO S
= 128 − 64
I
= 64
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
(x) 𝑎 + 𝑏, (𝑎 + 1) + 𝑏, (𝑎 + 1) + (𝑏 + 1), (𝑎 + 2) + (𝑏 + 1) , (𝑎 +
T
ED PR
2) + (𝑏 + 2), …
Here,
C
First term (a) = 𝑎 + 𝑏

©
𝑎1 = (𝑎 + 1) + 𝑏
𝑎2 = (𝑎 + 1) + (𝑏 + 1)
Here,
𝑎1 − 𝑎 = 𝑎 + 1 + 𝑏 − 𝑎 − 𝑏
=1
Also,
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑎 + 1 + 𝑏 + 1 − 𝑎 − 1 − 𝑏
=1
(xi) 12 , 32 , 52 , 72 ….
Here,
First term (a) = 12
T IO S I
𝑎1 = 32
NO A D
CO N
𝑎2 = 52
A
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR

Here,
C
©
𝑎1 − 𝑎 = 32 − 12
=9−1
=8
Also,
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 52 − 32
= 25 − 9
= 16
(xii) 12 , 52 , 72 , 73
Here,
First term (a) = 12
𝑎1 = 52
𝑎2 = 72
T IO S
I
Here,
NO A D
CO N
𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 52 − 12
A
= 25 − 1
PY
DO U A
= 24
T
ED PR
Also,
C
©
𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = 72 − 52 = 49 − 25 = 24
Hence, the given sequence is an A.P with the common difference 𝑑 = 24.
Page No 5.11:
Question 7: Find the common difference of the A.P. and write the next
two terms:
(i) 51, 59, 67, 75, ...
(ii) 75, 67, 59, 51, ...
(iii) 1.8, 2.0, 2.2, 2.4, ...
1 1 3
(iv) 0, , , , ...
4 2 4
(v) 119, 136, 153, 170, ...

ANSWER:
In this problem, we are given different A.P. and we need to find the
common difference of the A.P., along with the next two terms.
(i) 51, 59, 67, 75, ...
T IO S
Here,
I
𝑎1 = 51
NO A D
CO N
𝑎2 = 59
A
So, common difference of the A.P. (d) = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1
PY
DO U A
= 59 – 51
T
ED PR
=8
Also, we need to find the next two terms of A.P., which means we have
C
to find the 5th and 6th term.

©
So, for fifth term,

𝑎5 = 𝑎1 + 4𝑑
= 51 + 4(8)
= 51 + 32
= 83
Similarly, we find the sixth term,
𝑎6 = 𝑎1 + 5𝑑
= 51 + 5(8)
= 51 + 40
= 91
Therefore, the common difference is 𝑑 = 8 and the next two terms of the
A.P. are 𝑎5 = 83, 𝑎6 = 91.
(ii) 75, 67, 59, 51, ….

Here,
𝑎1 = 75
T IO S
𝑎2 = 67
I
NO A D
CO N
A
= 67 – 75
PY
DO U A
=–8
T
ED PR
C
So, for fifth term,

©
𝑎5 = 𝑎1 + 4𝑑
= 75 + 4(−8)
= 75 − 32
= 43
𝑎6 = 𝑎1 + 5𝑑
= 75 + 5(−8)
= 75 − 40
= 35
Therefore, the common difference is 𝑑 = −8 and the next two terms of
the A.P. are 𝑎5 = 43, 𝑎6 = 35.
(iii) 1.8, 2.0, 2.2, 2.4, ...

Here,
𝑎1 = 1.8
𝑎2 = 2.0
T IO S
I
NO A D
= 2.0 – 1.8
CO N
A
= 0.2
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
So, for fifth term,

C
𝑎5 = 𝑎1 + 4𝑑
©
= 1.8 + 4(0.2)
= 1.8 − 0.8
= 2.6
𝑎6 = 𝑎1 + 5𝑑
= 1.8 + 5(0.2)
= 1.8 + 1
= 2.8
Therefore, the common difference is 𝑑 = 0.2 and the next two terms of
the A.P. are 𝑎5 = 2.6, 𝑎6 = 2.8.
1 1 3
(iv) 0, , , , ...
4 2 4
Here,
𝑎1 = 0
1
𝑎2 =
4

1
= −0
T IO S
4
1
I
=
4
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
So, for fifth term,
T
ED PR
𝑎5 = 𝑎1 + 4𝑑
1
= 0 + 4( )
C
4
©
=1
𝑎6 = 𝑎1 + 5𝑑
1
= 0 + 5( )
4
1
=
4
1
Therefore, the common difference is 𝑑 = and the next two terms of the
4
5
A.P. are 𝑎5 = 1, 𝑎6 = .
4
(v) 119, 136, 153, 170, ….

Here,
𝑎1 = 119
𝑎2 = 136
= 136 − 119
= 17
T IO S
I
NO A D
So, for fifth term,
CO N
A
𝑎5 = 𝑎1 + 4𝑑
PY
DO U A
= 119 + 4(17)
T
ED PR
= 119 + 68
= 187
C

©
𝑎6 = 𝑎1 + 5𝑑
= 119 + 5(17)
= 119 + 85
= 204
Therefore, the common difference is 𝑑 = 17 and the next two terms of
the A.P. are 𝑎5 = 187, 𝑎6 = 204.
Exercise 5.4
Page No 5.24:
Question 1: Find:
(i) 10th term of the A.P. 1, 4, 7, 10, ...
(ii) 18th term of the A.P. √2, 3√2, 5√2, …
(iii) nth term of the A.P. 13, 8, 3, −2, ...
(iv) 10th term of the A.P. −40, −15, 10, 35, ...
T IO S I
(v) 8th term of the A.P. 117, 104, 91, 78, ...
NO A D
CO N
(vi) 11th term of the A.P. 10.0, 10.5, 11.0, 11.5, ...
A
3 5 7 9
(vii) 9th term of the A.P. , , , , . ..
PY
DO U A
4 4 4 4
T
ANSWER:
ED PR
In this problem, we are given different A.P. and we need to find the
required term of that A.P.
C
©
(i) 10th term of the A.P. 1, 4, 7, 10, ...

Here,
First term (a) = 1
Common difference of the A.P. (d) = 4 – 1
=3
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
So, for 10th term,
𝑎10 = 𝑎 + (10 − 1)𝑑
= 1 + (9)3
= 1 + 27
= 28
Therefore, the 10th term of the given A.P. is 𝑎10 = 28.
(ii) 18th term of the A.P. √2, 3√2, 5√2, …

Here,
T IO S
First term (a) = √2
I
Common difference of the A.P. (d) =3√2 − √2
NO A D
CO N
A
= 2√2
PY
Now, as we know,
DO U A
T
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
ED PR
So, for 18th term,

C
𝑎18 = 𝑎 + (18 − 1)𝑑

©
= √2 + (17)2√2
= √2 + 34√2
= 35√2
Therefore, the 18th term of the given A.P. is. 𝑎18 = 35√2
(iii) nth term of the A.P. 13, 8, 3, -2, ….

Here,
First term (a) = 13
=–5
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
So, for nth term,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
= 13 + (𝑛 − 1)(−5)
T IO S I
= 13 + (−5𝑛 + 5)
NO A D
CO N
= 13 − 5𝑛 + 5
A
= 18 − 5𝑛
PY
DO U A
Therefore, the nth term of the given A.P. is 𝑎𝑛 = 18 − 5𝑛.

T
ED PR
(iv) 10th term of the A.P. −40, −15, 10, 35, ...
C
©
Here,
Common difference of the A.P. (d) = − 15− (−40)
= − 15 + 40
= 25
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
So, for 10th term,
𝑎10 = 𝑎 + (10 − 1)𝑑
= −40 + (9)25
= −40 + 225
= 185
(v) 8th term of the A.P 117, 104, 91, 78, ...
Here,
T IO S
First term (a) = 117
I
NO A D
CO N
= – 13
A
Now, as we know,
PY
DO U A
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
T
ED PR
So, for 8th term,

𝑎8 = 𝑎 + (8 − 1)𝑑
C
= 117 + (7)(−13)
©
= 117 − 91
= 26
(vi) 11th term of the A.P. 10.0, 10.5, 11.0, 11.5, ...
Here,
First term (a) = 10.0
Common difference of the A.P. (d) = 10.5 – 10.0
= 0.5
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
So, for 11th term,
𝑎11 = 𝑎 + (11 − 1)𝑑
= 10.0 + (10)(0.5)
= 10.0 − 5.0
= 15.0
T IO S
Therefore, the 11th term of the given A.P. is 𝑎11 = 15.0.
I
NO A D
CO N
3 5 7 9
(vii) 9th term of the A.P. , , , , . ..
A
4 4 4 4
PY
Here,
DO U A
T 3
First term (a) =
ED PR
4
5 3
Common difference of the A.P. (d) = −
4 4
C
5−3
©
=
4
2
=
4
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
So, for 9th term,
𝑎9 = 𝑎 + (9 − 1)𝑑
3 2
= + (8) ( )
4 4
3 16
= +
4 4
19
=
4
19
Therefore, the 9th term of the given A.P. is 𝑎9 = .
4
Page No 5.24:
Question 2: Find:
(i) Which term of the A.P. 3, 8, 13, ... is 248?
T IO S
(ii) Which term of the A.P. 84, 80, 76, ... is 248?
I
NO A D
(iii) Which term of the A.P. 4, 9, 14, ... is 254?
CO N
A
(iv) Which term of the A.P. 21, 42, 63, 84, ... is 420?
PY
DO U A
(v) Which term of the A.P. 121, 117, 113, ... is its first negative term?
T
ANSWER:
ED PR
In the given problem, we are given an A.P and the value of one of its term.
C
We need to find which term it is (n)

©
So here we will find the value of n using the formula 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑,

(i) Here, A. P is 3, 8, 13, …
𝑎𝑛 = 248
𝑎=3
Now,
Common difference (d) = 𝑎1 − 𝑎
=8–3
=5
Thus, using the above mentioned formula
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
248 = 3 + (𝑛 − 1)5
245 − 3 = 5𝑛 − 5
250
𝑛=
5
𝑛 = 50
Thus, 𝑛 = 50
T IO S
Therefore 248 is the 50th term of the given A.P
I
NO A D
CO N
(ii) Here, A. P is 84, 80, 76, …
A
PY
𝑎𝑛 = 0
DO U A
T
𝑎 = 84
ED PR
Now,
C

©
= 80 – 84
=–4
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
0 = 84 + (𝑛 − 1)(−4)
0 = 88 − 4𝑛
4𝑛 = 88
On further simplifying, we get,
88
𝑛=
4
𝑛 = 22
Thus, 𝑛 = 22
Therefore 84 is the 22nd term of the given A.P
(iii) Here, A. P is 4, 9, 14, ….

𝑎𝑛 = 254
𝑎=4
T IO S I
Now,
NO A D
CO N
A
=9–4
PY
DO U A
=5
T
ED PR

𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
C
©
254 = 4 + (𝑛 − 1)5
254 − 4 = 5𝑛 − 5
250 + 5 = 5𝑛
255
𝑛=
5
𝑛 = 51
Thus, 𝑛 = 51
Therefore 254 is the 51st term of the given A.P
(iv) Here, A. P is 21, 42, 63, 84, …

𝑎𝑛 = 420
𝑎 = 21
Now,
= 42 – 21
= 21
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
T IO S I
420 = 21 + (𝑛 − 1)21
NO A D
CO N
420 − 21 = 21𝑛 − 21
A
399 + 21 = 21𝑛
PY
DO U A
420
𝑛=
T
21
ED PR
𝑛 = 20
Thus, 𝑛 = 20
C
©
Therefore 420 is the 20th term of the given A.P
(v) Here, A. P is 121, 117, 113, ….

We need to find first negative term of the A.P
𝑎 = 121
Now,
= 117 – 121
=–4
Now, we need to find the first negative term,
𝑎𝑛 < 0
121 + (𝑛 − 1)(−4) < 0
121 − 4𝑛 + 4 < 0
125 − 4𝑛 < 0
4𝑛 > 125
Further simplifying, we get,
125
T IO S
𝑛>
4
I
1
𝑛 > 31
NO A D
CO N
4
A
𝑛 ≥ 32 (as 𝑛 is a natural number)
PY
DO U A
Thus, 𝑛 = 32
T
Therefore, the first negative term is the 32nd term of the given A.P.
ED PR
C
©
Page No 5.24:
Question 3: Find:
(i) Is 68 a term of the A.P. 7, 10, 13, ...?
(ii) Is 302 a term of the A.P. 3, 8, 13, ...?
(iii) Is − 150 a term of the A.P. 11, 8, 5, 2, ...?
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we are given an A.P and the value of one of its term.
We need to find whether it is a term of the A.P or not.
So here we will use the formula,
(i) Here, A. P is 7, 10, 13, ….
𝑎𝑛 = 68
𝑎=7
Now,
= 10 − 7
T IO S
=3
I
Thus, using the above mentioned formula, we get,
NO A D
CO N
68 = 7 + (𝑛 − 1)3
A
68 − 7 = 3𝑛 − 3
PY
DO U A
61 + 3 = 3𝑛
T
ED PR
64
𝑛=
3
C
Since, the value of n is a fraction.

©
Thus, 68 is not the term of the given A.P

Therefore, the answer is NO
(ii) Here, A. P is 3, 8, 13, ….
𝑎𝑛 = 302
𝑎=3
Now,
=8−3
=5
302 = 3 + (𝑛 − 1)5
302 − 3 = 5𝑛 − 5
299 = 5𝑛
299
𝑛=
5

Thus, 302 is not the term of the given A.P
T IO S
I
NO A D
CO N
(iii) Here, A. P is 11, 8, 5, 2, ….
A
PY
DO U A
T
𝑎𝑛 = −150
ED PR
𝑎 = 11
C
Now,
©

= 8 − 11
= −3
−150 = 11 + (𝑛 − 1)(−3)
−150 − 11 = −3𝑛 + 3
−161 − 3 = −3𝑛
−164
𝑛=
−3

Thus, -150 is not the term of the given A.P
Page No 5.24:
Question 4: How many terms are there in the A.P.?
(i) 7, 10, 13, ... 43.
5 2 1 10
T IO S
(ii) −1, , , , . . . .
6 3 2 3
I
(iii) 7, 13, 19, ..., 205.
NO A D
CO N
1
A
(iv) 18, 15 , 13, ..., −47.
2
PY
DO U A
ANSWER:
T
In the given problem, we are given an A.P.
ED PR
We need to find the number of terms present in it

C
So here we will find the value of n using the formula,

©
(i) Here, A. P is 7, 10, 13, ….43

The first term (𝑎) = 7
The last term (𝑎𝑛 ) = 43
Now,
= 10 – 7
=3
43 = 7 + (𝑛 − 1)3
43 − 7 = 3𝑛 − 3
36 + 3 = 3𝑛
39
𝑛=
3
𝑛 = 13
Thus, 𝑛 = 13
Therefore, the number of terms present in the given A.P is 13.
T IO S I
5 2 1 10
NO A D
(ii) Here, A. P is −1, , , , . . .
CO N
6 3 2 3
A
The first term (a) = -1
PY
DO U A
10
The last term (𝑎𝑛 ) =
3
T
ED PR
Now,
C
5
©
= − − (−1)
6
5
=− +1
6
−5+6
=
6
1
=
6

10 1
= −1 + (𝑛 − 1)
3 6
10 1 1
+1= 𝑛−
3 6 6
13 1 1
+ = 𝑛
3 6 6
Further solving for n, we get
26+1 1
= 𝑛
6 6
27
𝑛= (6)
6
𝑛 = 27
Thus, 𝑛 = 27
T IO S I
NO A D
(iii) Here, A. P is 7, 13, 19, …., 205
CO N
A
The first term (a) = 7
PY
DO U A
The last term (𝑎𝑛 ) = 205
T
Now,
ED PR

C
= 13 − 7
©
=6
205 = 7 + (𝑛 − 1)6
205 − 7 = 6𝑛 − 6
198 + 6 = 6𝑛
204
𝑛=
6
𝑛 = 34
Thus, 𝑛 = 34
1
(iv) Here, A. P is 18, 15 , 13, ….,– 47
2

The last term (𝑎𝑛 ) = – 47
Now,
T IO S
1
= 15 − 18
2
I
=
31
NO A D
− 18
CO N
2
A
31−36
=
PY
2
DO U A
5
T
=−
ED PR

C
5
−47 = 18 + (𝑛 − 1) (− )
©
2
5 5
−47 − 18 = − 𝑛 +
2 2
5 5
−65 − = − 𝑛
2 2
Further, solving for n, we get

−130−5 5
= 𝑛
2 2
135
− (2) = −5𝑛
2
−135
𝑛=
−5
𝑛 = 27
Thus, 𝑛 = 27
Page No 5.24:
Question 5: The first term of an A.P. is 5, the common difference is 3 and
the last term is 80;
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we are given an A.P whose,
T IO S
First term (a) = 5
I
NO A D
Last term (𝑎𝑛 ) = 80
CO N
A
Common difference (d) = 3
PY
DO U A
We need to find the number of terms present in it (n)
T
So here we will find the value of n using the formula, 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
ED PR
So, substituting the values in the above mentioned formula

C
80 = 5 + (𝑛 − 1)3
©
80 − 5 = 3𝑛 − 3
75 + 3 = 3𝑛
78
𝑛=
3
𝑛 = 26
Thus, 𝑛 = 26
Page No 5.24:
Question 6: The 6th and 17th terms of an A.P. are 19 and 41 respectively,
find the 40th term.
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we are given 6th and 17th term of an A.P.
We need to find the 40th term
Here,
𝑎6 = 19
T IO S
𝑎17 = 41
I
NO A D
Now, we will find 𝑎6 and 𝑎17 using the formula 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
CO N
A
So,
PY
DO U A
𝑎6 = 𝑎 + (6 − 1)𝑑
T
… (1)
ED PR
19 = 𝑎 + 5𝑑
Also,
C
𝑎17 = 𝑎 + (17 − 1)𝑑

©
41 = 𝑎 + 16𝑑 … (2)
So, to solve for 𝑎 and 𝑑
On subtracting (1) from (2), we get
𝑎 + 16𝑑 − 𝑎 − 5𝑑 = 41 − 19
11𝑑 = 22
22
𝑑=
11
𝑑=2 … (3)
Substituting (3) in (1), we get
19 = 𝑎 + 5(2)
19 − 10 = 𝑎
𝑎=9
Thus,
𝑎=9
𝑑=2
𝑛 = 40
Substituting the above values in the formula 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
T IO S I
𝑎40 = 9 + (40 − 1)2
NO A D
CO N
𝑎40 = 9 + 80 − 2
A
𝑎40 = 87
PY
DO U A
Therefore, 𝑎40 = 87
T
ED PR
Page No 5.24:
C
©
Question 7: If 9th term of an A.P is zero, prove that its 29th term is double
the 19th term.
ANSWER:
In the given problem, the 9th term of an A.P. is zero.
Here, let us take the first term of the A.P as 𝑎 and the common difference
as 𝑑
So, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
We get,
𝑎9 = 𝑎 + (9 − 1)𝑑
0 = 𝑎 − 8𝑑
𝑎 = −8𝑑 … (1)
Now, we need to prove that 29th term is double of 19th term. So, let us
first find the two terms.
For 19th term (n = 19),
𝑎19 = 𝑎 + (19 − 1)𝑑
= −8𝑑 + 18𝑑 (Using 1)
T IO S
= 10𝑑
I
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
𝑎29 = 𝑎 + (29 − 1)𝑑 (Using 1)
T
ED PR
= −8𝑑 + 28𝑑
= 20𝑑
C
= 2 × 10𝑑
©
= 2 × 𝑎19
Therefore, for the given A.P. the 29th term is double of the 19th term.
Hence proved.
Page No 5.24:
Question 8: If 10 times the 10th term of an A.P. is equal to 15 times the
15th term, show that 25th term of the A.P. is zero.
ANSWER:
Here, let us take the first term of the A.P. as 𝑎 and the common difference
as 𝑑
We are given that 10 times the 10th term is equal to 15 times the 15th term.
We need to show that 25th term is zero.
So, let us first find the two terms.
So, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
𝑎10 = 𝑎 + (10 − 1)𝑑
T IO S
= 𝑎 + 9𝑑
I
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑎15 = 𝑎 + (15 − 1)𝑑
PY
DO U A
= 𝑎 + 14𝑑
T
ED PR
Now, we are given,

10(𝑎 + 9𝑑) = 15(𝑎 + 14𝑑)
C
Solving this, we get,

©
10𝑎 + 90𝑑 = 15𝑎 + 210𝑑

90𝑑 − 210𝑑 = 15𝑎 − 10𝑎
−120𝑑 = 5𝑎
−24𝑑 = 𝑎 … (1)
Next, we need to prove that the 25th term of the A.P. is zero. For that, let
us find the 25th term using n = 25,
𝑎25 = 𝑎 + (25 − 1)𝑑
= −24𝑑 + 24𝑑 (Using 1)
=0
Thus, the 25th term of the given A.P. is zero.
Hence proved
Page No 5.24:
Question 9: The 10th and 18th terms of an A.P. are 41 and 73 respectively.
Find 26th term.
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
Here,
T
𝑎10 = 41
ED PR
𝑎18 = 73
C
©
So,
𝑎10 = 𝑎 + (10 − 1)𝑑
41 = 𝑎 + 9𝑑 … (1)
Also,
𝑎18 = 𝑎 + (18 − 1)𝑑
73 = 𝑎 + 17𝑑 … (2)
8𝑑 = 32
32
𝑑=
8
𝑑=4
Substituting 𝑑 = 4 in (1), we get
41 = 𝑎 + 9(4)
41 − 36 = 𝑎
𝑎=5
T IO S
Thus,
I
𝑎=5
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑑=4
PY
𝑛 = 26
DO U A
T
Substituting the above values in the formula, 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
ED PR
𝑎26 = 5 + (26 − 1)4

C
𝑎26 = 5 + 100
©
𝑎26 = 105
Page No 5.24:
Question 10: In a certain A.P. the 24th term is twice the 10th term. Prove
that the 72nd term is twice the 34th term.
ANSWER:
Here, we are given that 24th term is twice the 10th term, for a certain A.P.
as 𝑑
We have to prove that 𝑎72 = 2𝑎34
As we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
𝑎10 = 𝑎 + (10 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎 + 9𝑑
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
𝑎24 = 𝑎 + (24 − 1)𝑑
A
= 𝑎 + 23𝑑
PY
DO U A
Now, we are given that 𝑎24 = 2𝑎10

T
ED PR
So, we get,
𝑎 + 23𝑑 = 2(𝑎 + 9𝑑)
C
©
𝑎 + 23𝑑 = 2𝑑 + 18𝑑
23𝑑 − 18𝑑 = 2𝑎 − 𝑎
5𝑑 = 𝑎 …. (1)
Further, we need to prove that the 72nd term is twice of 34th term. So let
now find these two terms,
𝑎34 = 𝑎 + (34 − 1)𝑑
= 5𝑑 + 33𝑑 (Using 1)
= 38𝑑
For 72nd term (n = 72),
𝑎72 = 𝑎 + (72 − 1)𝑑
= 5𝑑 + 71𝑑
= 76𝑑 (Using 1)
= 2(38𝑑)
Therefore, 𝑎72 = 2𝑎34
T IO S
Page No 5.25:
I
1
Question 11: The 26th, 11th and last term of an A.P. are 0, 3 and − ,
NO A D 5
CO N
respectively. Find the common difference and the number of terms.
A
ANSWER:
PY
DO U A
1
It is given that, 𝑎26 = 0, 𝑎11 = 3, 𝑎𝑛 = − .
T
5
ED PR
⇒ 𝑎 + 25𝑑 = 0 … (𝑖)
… (𝑖𝑖 )
C
⇒ 𝑎 + 10𝑑 = 3
©
Subtracting (ii) from (i).

15𝑑 = −3
1
⇒𝑑=−
5
⇒ 𝑎 = −25𝑑 = 5
Now, 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
1 1
⇒ − = 5 + (𝑛 − 1) (− )
5 5
1 1
⇒ − − 5 = (𝑛 − 1) (− )
5 5
⇒ 𝑛 = 27
Page No 5.25:
Question 12: If the nth term of the A.P. 9, 7, 5, ... is same as the nth term
of the A.P. 15, 12, 9, ... find 𝑛.
ANSWER:
Here, we are given two A.P. sequences whose nth terms are equal. We
need to find 𝑛.
So let us first find the nth term for both the A.P.
T IO S
First A.P. is 9, 7, 5 …
I
Here,
NO A D
CO N
A
First term (a) = 9
PY
DO U A
T
=–2
ED PR
Now, as we know,
C
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
©
So, for nth term,

𝑎𝑛 = 9 + (𝑛 − 1)(−2)
= 9 − 2𝑛 + 2
= 11 − 2𝑛 … (1)
Second A.P. is 15, 12, 9 …
Here,
First term (a) = 15
=–3
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
So, for nth term,
𝑎𝑛 = 15 + (𝑛 − 1)(−3)
= 15 − 3𝑛 + 3
= 18 − 3𝑛 … (2)
Now, we are given that the nth terms for both the A.P. sequences are equal,
we equate (1) and (2),
T IO S
11 − 2𝑛 = 18 − 3𝑛
I
NO A D
3𝑛 − 2𝑛 = 18 − 11
CO N
A
𝑛=7
PY
DO U A
Therefore, 𝑛 = 7
T
ED PR
Page No 5.25:
C
Question 13: Find the 12th term from the end of the following arithmetic
©
progressions:
(i) 3, 5, 7, 9, ... 201
(ii) 3, 8, 13, ..., 253
(iii) 1, 4, 7, 10, ..., 88
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we need to find the 12th term from the end for the
given A.P.
(i) 3, 5, 7, 9 …201
Here, to find the 12th term from the end let us first find the total number
of terms. Let us take the total number of terms as n.
So,
First term (a) = 3
Last term (an) = 201
Common difference (d) = 5 − 3
=2
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
T IO S I
So, for the last term,
NO A D
CO N
201 = 3 + (𝑛 − 1)2
A
201 = 3 + 2𝑛 − 2
PY
DO U A
201 = 1 + 2𝑛
T
ED PR
201 − 1 = 2𝑛
Further simplifying,
C
©
200 = 2𝑛
200
𝑛=
2
𝑛 = 100
So, the 12th term from the end means the 89th term from the beginning.
So, for the 89th term (n = 89)
𝑎89 = 3 + (89 − 1)2
= 3 + (88)2
= 3 + 176
= 179
Therefore, the 12th term from the end of the given A.P. is 179.
(ii) 3, 8, 13 …253
So,
First term (a) = 3
T IO S
Common difference, d = 8 − 3
I
=5 NO A D
CO N
A
Now, as we know,
PY
DO U A
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
T
ED PR

253 = 3 + (𝑛 − 1)5
C
253 = 3 + 5𝑛 − 5
©
253 = −2 + 5𝑛
253 + 2 = 5𝑛
255 = 5𝑛
255
𝑛=
5
𝑛 = 51
𝑎40 = 3 + (40 − 1)5
= 3 + (39)5
= 3 + 195
= 198
Therefore, the 12th term from the end of the given A.P. is.
(iii) 1, 4, 7, 10 …88
T IO S
I
So, NO A D
CO N
A
First term (a) = 1
PY
DO U A
Last term (an) = 88
T
ED PR
Common difference, 𝑑 = 4 − 1 = 3
Now, as we know,
C
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
©

88 = 1 + (𝑛 − 1)3
88 = 1 + 3𝑛 − 3
88 = −2 + 3𝑛
88 + 2 = 3𝑛
90 = 3𝑛
90
𝑛=
3
𝑛 = 30
𝑎19 = 1 + (19 − 1)3
= 1 + (18)3
= 1 + 54
= 55
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
Page No 5.25:
A
Question 14: The 4th term of an A.P. is three times the first and the 7th
PY
DO U A
term exceeds twice the third term by 1. Find the first term and the common
T
difference.
ED PR
ANSWER:
C
In the given problem, let us take the first term as 𝑎 and the common
©
difference as 𝑑
Here, we are given that,
𝑎4 = 3𝑎 … (1)
𝑎7 = 2𝑎3 + 1 … (2)
We need to find 𝑎 and 𝑑
So, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
For the 4th term (n = 4),
𝑎4 = 𝑎 + (4 − 1)𝑑
3𝑎 = 𝑎 + 3𝑑
3𝑎 − 𝑎 = 3𝑑
2𝑎 = 3𝑑
3
𝑎= 𝑑
2
Similarly, for the 3rd term (n = 3),

𝑎3 = 𝑎 + (7 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎 + 2𝑑
T IO S
Also, for the 7th term (n = 7),
I
𝑎7 = 𝑎 + (7 − 1)𝑑
NO A D
CO N
… (3)
A
= 𝑎 + 6𝑑
PY
Now, using the value of a3 in equation (2), we get,
DO U A
T
𝑎7 = 2(𝑎 + 2𝑑) + 1
ED PR
= 2𝑎 + 4𝑑 + 1 … (4)
C
Equating (3) and (4), we get,

©
𝑎 + 6𝑑 = 2𝑎 + 4𝑑 + 1
6𝑑 − 4𝑑 − 2𝑎 + 𝑎 = +1
2𝑑 − 𝑎 = +1
3 3
2𝑑 − 𝑑 = 1 (𝑎 = 𝑑)
2 2
On further simplification, we get,

4𝑑−3𝑑
=1
2
𝑑 = (1)(2)
𝑑=2
Now, to find a,
3
𝑎= 𝑑
2
3
𝑎 = (2)
2
𝑎=3
Therefore, for the given A.P 𝑑 = 2, 𝑎 = 3
Page No 5.25:
T IO S
Question 15: Find the second term and nth term of an A.P. whose 6th term
I
is 12 and 8th term is 22.
NO A D
CO N
A
ANSWER:
PY
DO U A
T
We need to find the 2nd and nth term
ED PR
Here, let us take the first term as 𝑎 and the common difference as 𝑑
C
We are given,
©
𝑎6 = 12
𝑎8 = 22
So,
𝑎6 = 𝑎 + (6 − 1)𝑑
12 = 𝑎 + 5𝑑 … (1)
Also,
𝑎8 = 𝑎 + (8 − 1)𝑑
22 = 𝑎 + 7𝑑 … (2)
22 − 12 = (𝑎 + 7𝑑) − (𝑎 + 5𝑑)
10 = 𝑎 + 7𝑑 − 𝑎 − 5𝑑
10 = 2𝑑
10
𝑑=
2
𝑑=5
T IO S
I
12 = 𝑎 + 5(5)
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑎 = 12 − 25
PY
𝑎 = −13
DO U A
T
Thus,
ED PR
𝑎 = −13
C
𝑎=5
©
So, for the 2nd term (n = 2),

𝑎2 = −13 + (2 − 1)5
= −13 + (1)5
= −13 + 5
= −8
For the nth term,
𝑎𝑛 = −13 + (𝑛 − 1)5
= −13 + 5𝑛 − 5
= −18 + 5𝑛
Therefore, 𝑎2 = −8, 𝑎𝑛 = 5𝑛 − 18
Page No 5.25:
Question 16: How many numbers of two digits are divisible by 3?
ANSWER:
In this problem, we need to find out how many numbers of two digits are
divisible by 3.
So, we know that the first two-digit number that is divisible by 3 is 12 and
T IO S
the last two-digit number divisible by 3 is 99. Also, all the terms which
I
are divisible by 3 will form an A.P. with the common difference of 3.
NO A D
CO N
So here,
A
First term (a) = 12
PY
DO U A

T
ED PR

So, let us take the number of terms as n
C
©
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
99 = 12 + (𝑛 − 1)3
99 = 12 + 3𝑛 − 3
99 = 9 + 3𝑛
99 − 9 = 3𝑛
90 = 3𝑛
90
𝑛=
3
𝑛 = 30
Therefore, the number of two digit terms divisible by 3 is 30.
Page No 5.25:
Question 17: An A.P. consists of 60 terms. If the first and the last terms
be 7 and 125 respectively, find the 32nd term.
ANSWER:
T IO S
In the given problem, we need to find the 32nd term of an A.P. which
I
NO A D
contains a total of 60 terms.
CO N
A
Here we are given the following,
PY
First term (a) = 7
DO U A
T
ED PR
Number of terms (n) = 60

C
So, let us take the common difference as d

©
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
125 = 7 + (60 − 1)𝑑
125 = 7 + (59)𝑑
125 − 7 = 59𝑑
118 = 59𝑑
118
𝑑=
59
𝑑=2
So, for the 32nd term (n = 32)
𝑎32 = 7 + (32 − 1)2
= 7 + (31)2
= 7 + 62
= 69
Therefore, the 32nd term of the given A.P. is 69.
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 5.25:
PY
DO U A
Question 18: The sum of 4th and 8th terms of an A.P. is 24 and the sum
T
ED PR
of the 6th and 10th terms is 34. Find the first term and the common
difference of the A.P.
C
ANSWER:
©
In the given problem, the sum of 4th and 8th term is 24 and the sum of 6th
and 10th term is 34.
We can write this as,
𝑎4 + 𝑎8 = 24 … (1)
𝑎6 + 𝑎10 = 34 … (2)
We need to find 𝑎 and 𝑑
For the given A.P., let us take the first term as 𝑎 and the common
difference as 𝑑
As we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
𝑎4 = 𝑎 + (4 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎 + 3𝑑
𝑎8 = 𝑎 + (8 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎 + 7𝑑
T IO S
So, on substituting the above values in (1), we get,
I
(𝑎 + 3𝑑) + (𝑎 + 7𝑑) = 24
NO A D
CO N
2𝑎 + 10𝑑 = 24 … (3)
A
Also, for 6th term (n = 6),
PY
DO U A
𝑎6 = 𝑎 + (6 − 1)𝑑
T
ED PR
= 𝑎 + 5𝑑
C
©
𝑎10 = 𝑎 + (10 − 1)𝑑

= 𝑎 + 9𝑑
(𝑎 + 5𝑑) + (𝑎 + 9𝑑) = 34
2𝑎 + 14𝑑 = 34 … (4)
Next we simplify (3) and (4). On subtracting (3) from (4), we get,
(2𝑎 + 14𝑑) − (2𝑎 + 10𝑑) = 34 − 24
2𝑎 + 14𝑑 − 2𝑎 − 10𝑑 = 10
4𝑑 = 10
10
𝑑=
4
5
𝑑=
2
Further, using the value of d in equation (3), we get,

5
𝑎 + 10 ( ) = 24
2
2𝑎 + 5(5) = 24
2𝑎 + 25 = 24
2𝑎 = 24 − 25
T IO S
I
2𝑎 = −1 NO A D
CO N
A
−1
𝑎=
PY
2
DO U A
−1 5
Therefore, for the given A.P 𝑎 = and 𝑑 =
T
2 2
ED PR
C
Page No 5.25:
©
Question 19: The first term of an A.P. is 5 and its 100th term is −292. Find
the 50th term of this A.P.
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we are given 1st and 100th term of an A.P.
Here,
𝑎=5
𝑎100 = −292
Now, we will find d using the formula 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
So,
Also,
𝑎100 = 𝑎 + (100 − 1)𝑑
−292 = 𝑎 + 99𝑑
So, to solve for d
Substituting a = 5, we get
−292 = 5 + 99𝑑
−292 − 5 = 99𝑑
T IO S I
−297
=𝑑
NO A D
99
CO N
A
𝑑 = −3
PY
Thus,
DO U A
T
𝑎=5
ED PR
𝑑 = −3
C
𝑛 = 50
©

𝑎50 = 5 + (50 − 1)(−3)
𝑎50 = 5 − 147
𝑎50 = −142
Therefore, 𝑎50 = −142
Page No 5.25:
Question 20: Find 𝑎30 − 𝑎20 for the A.P.
(i) −9, −14, −19, −24, ...
(ii) a, a + d, a + 2d, a + 3d, ...
ANSWER:
In this problem, we are given different A.P. and we need to find.
(i) A.P. −9, −14, −19, −24, ...
Here,
First term (a) = − 9
Common difference of the A.P. (d) = − 14 – (− 9)
= − 14 + 9
T IO S
=−5
I
NO A D
CO N
Now, as we know,
A
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
PY
DO U A
Here, we find 𝑎30 and 𝑎20
T
ED PR
So, for 30th term,

𝑎30 = 𝑎 + (30 − 1)𝑑
C
= − 9 + (29)(−5)
©
= − 9 − 145
= − 154
Also, for 20th term,
𝑎20 = 𝑎 + (20 − 1)𝑑
= − 9 + (19)(−5)
= − 9 − 95
= − 104
So,
𝑎30 − 𝑎20 = −154 − (−104)
= −154 + 104
= − 50
Therefore, for the given A.P 𝑎30 − 𝑎20 = − 50
(ii) A.P. a, a + d, a + 2d, a + 3d, ...

Here,
T IO S
First term (a) = a
I
Common difference of the A.P. (d) = 𝑎 + 𝑑 − 𝑎 = 𝑑
NO A D
CO N
Now, as we know,
A
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
PY
DO U A
Here, we find 𝑎30 and 𝑎20

T
ED PR
So, for 30th term,

𝑎30 = 𝑎 + (30 − 1)𝑑
C
©
= 𝑎 + (29)𝑑
𝑎20 = 𝑎 + (20 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎 + (19)𝑑
So,
𝑎30 − 𝑎20 = (𝑎 + 29𝑑) − (𝑎 + 19𝑑)
= 𝑎 + 29𝑑 − 𝑎 − 19𝑑
= 10𝑑
Therefore, for the given A.P 𝑎30 − 𝑎20 = 10𝑑
Page No 5.25:
Question 21: Write the expression 𝑎𝑛 − 𝑎𝑘 for the A.P. a, a + d, a + 2d,
...
Hence, find the common difference of the A.P. for which
(i) 11th term is 5 and 13th term is 79.
(ii) a10 − a5 = 200
(iii) 20th term is 10 more than the 18th term.
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
NO A D
A.P: a, a + d, a + 2d …
CO N
A
Here, we first need to write the expression for 𝑎𝑛 − 𝑎𝑘
PY
DO U A
Now, as we know,
T
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
ED PR
So, for nth term,

C
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
©
Similarly, for kth term

𝑎𝑘 = 𝑎 + (𝑘 − 1)𝑑
So,
𝑎𝑛 − 𝑎𝑘 = (𝑎 + 𝑛𝑑 − 𝑑) − (𝑎 + 𝑘𝑑 + 𝑑)
= 𝑎 + 𝑛𝑑 − 𝑑 − 𝑎 − 𝑘𝑑 + 𝑑
= 𝑛𝑑 − 𝑘𝑑
= (𝑛 − 𝑘)𝑑
So, 𝑎𝑛 − 𝑎𝑘 = (𝑛 − 𝑘)𝑑
(i) In the given problem, we are given 11th and 13th term of an A.P.
We need to find the common difference. Let us take the common
difference as d and the first term as a.
Here,
𝑎11 = 5
𝑎13 = 79
T IO S
So,
I
NO A D
𝑎11 = 𝑎 + (11 − 1)𝑑
CO N
A
5 = 𝑎 + 10𝑑 …. (1)
PY
DO U A
Also,
T
ED PR
𝑎13 = 𝑎 + (13 − 1)𝑑

C
79 = 𝑎 + 12𝑑 …. (2)
©
Solving for 𝑎 and 𝑑

79 − 5 = (𝑎 + 12𝑑) − (𝑎 + 10𝑑)
74 = 𝑎 + 12𝑑 − 𝑎 − 10𝑑
74 = 2𝑑
74
𝑑=
2
𝑑 = 37
Therefore, the common difference for the A.P. is 𝑑 = 37.
(ii) We are given, 𝑎10 − 𝑎5 = 200
Here,
Let us take the first term as 𝑎 and the common difference as 𝑑
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
Here, we find 𝑎30 and 𝑎20 .
So, for 10th term,
𝑎10 = 𝑎 + (10 − 1)𝑑
T IO S I
= 𝑎 + (9)𝑑
NO A D
CO N
Also, for 5th term,
A
𝑎5 = 𝑎 + (5 − 1)𝑑
PY
DO U A
= 𝑎 + (4)𝑑
T
ED PR
So,
𝑎10 − 𝑎5 = (𝑎 + 9𝑑) − (𝑎 + 4𝑑)
C
©
200 = 𝑎 + 9𝑑 − 𝑎 − 4𝑑
200
𝑑=
5
𝑑 = 40
Therefore, the common difference for the A.P. is 𝑑 = 40.
(iii) In the given problem, the 20th term is 10 more than the 18th term. So,
let us first find the 20th term and 18th term of the A.P.
Here
Let us take the first term as 𝑎 and the common difference as 𝑑
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
So, for 20th term (n = 20),
𝑎20 = 𝑎 + (20 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎 + 19𝑑
𝑎18 = 𝑎 + (18 − 1)𝑑
T IO S
= 𝑎 + 17𝑑
I
Now, we are given,
NO A D
CO N
𝑎20 = 𝑎18 + 10
A
On substituting the values, we get,
PY
DO U A
𝑎 + 19𝑑 = 𝑎 + 17𝑑 + 10
T
ED PR
19𝑑 − 17𝑑 = 10
2𝑑 = 10
C
10
©
𝑑=
2
𝑑=5
Therefore, the common difference for the A.P. is 𝑑 = 5
Page No 5.25:
Question 22: Find n if the given value of x is the nth term of the given
A.P.
(i) 25, 50, 75, 100, ...; x = 1000
(ii) −1, −3, −5, −7, ...; x = −151
1 1
(iii) 5 , 11, 16 , 22, ….; x = 550
2 2
21 31 41 171
(iv) 1, , , ,...,𝑥 =
11 11 11 11
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we need to find the number of terms in an A.P
(i) 25, 50, 75, 100 …
We are given,
𝑎𝑛 = 1000
T IO S
Let us take the total number of terms as n.
I
So,
NO A D
CO N
A
First term (a) = 25
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
= 25
Now, as we know,
C
©
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
1000 = 25 + (𝑛 − 1)25
1000 = 25 + 25𝑛 − 25
1000 = 25𝑛
1000
𝑛=
25
𝑛 = 40
Therefore, the total number of terms of the given A.P. is 𝑛 = 40.
(ii) -1, -3, -5, -7 …
We are given,
𝑎𝑛 = −151
So,
Last term (𝑎𝑛 ) = −151
T IO S I
Common difference (d) = −3 − (−1)
NO A D
CO N
= −3 + 1
A
= −2
PY
DO U A
Now, as we know,
T
ED PR
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)(−2)
C
©
−151 = −1 + (𝑛 − 1)(−2)
−151 = −1 − 2𝑛 + 2
−151 = 1 − 2𝑛
−2𝑛 = −151 − 1
−2𝑛 = −152
−152
𝑛=
−2
𝑛 = 76
1 1
(iii) 5 , 11, 16 , 22, ….
2 2
We are given,
𝑎𝑛 = 550
So,
1
First term (a) = 5
2
T IO S
I
NO A D
1
CO N
2
A
11
= 11 −
PY
2
DO U A
22−11
T
=
ED PR
2
11
=
2
C
Now, as we know,
©
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
1 11
550 = 5 + (𝑛 − 1) ( )
2 2
11
550 = 𝑛
2
550(2)
𝑛=
11

1100
𝑛=
11
𝑛 = 100
Therefore, the total number of terms of the given A.P. is 𝑛 = 100
21 31 41
(iv) 1, , , ,…
11 11 11
We are given,
171
𝑎𝑛 =
11
T IO S
So,
I
NO A D
First term (a) = 1
CO N
A
171
Last term (𝑎𝑛 ) =
11
PY
DO U A
21
T
11
ED PR
21−11
=
11
C
10
=
©
11
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
171 10
= 1 + (𝑛 − 1) ( )
11 11
171 10 10
=1+ 𝑛−
11 11 11
171 11−10 10
= + 𝑛
11 11 11
171 1 10
= + 𝑛
11 11 11
10 171 1
𝑛= −
11 11 11
10 170
𝑛=
11 11
(170)(11)
𝑛= (11)(10)
𝑛 = 17
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
Page No 5.25:
A
Question 23: The eighth term of an A.P. is half of its second term and the
PY
DO U A
eleventh term exceeds one third of its fourth term by 1. Find the 15 th term.
T
ED PR
ANSWER:
1 1
𝑎8 = 𝑎2 and 𝑎11 = 𝑎4 + 1
2 3
C
(𝑎+𝑑)
©
⇒ 𝑎 + 7𝑑 =
2
⇒ 𝑎 + 13𝑑 = 0 ......(i)
And,
1
𝑎11 = 𝑎4 + 1
3
𝑎+3𝑑
⇒ 𝑎 + 10𝑑 = +1
3
⇒ 2𝑎 + 27𝑑 = 1 ......(ii)
Solve (i) and (ii), we get d = 1.
Therefore, 𝑎 = −13
𝑎15 = 𝑎 + 14𝑑 = −13 + 14 = 1
Page No 5.25:
Question 24: Find the arithmetic progression whose third term is 16 and
seventh term exceeds its fifth term by 12.
ANSWER:
Here, let us take the first term of the A.P as 𝑎 and the common difference
of the A.P as 𝑑
T IO S
Now, as we know,
I
NO A D
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
CO N
A
So, for 3rd term (n = 3),
PY
𝑎3 = 𝑎 + (3 − 1)𝑑
DO U A
T
16 = 𝑎 + 2𝑑
ED PR
𝑎 = 16 − 2𝑑 ….. (1)
C

©
𝑎5 = 𝑎 + (5 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎 + 4𝑑
𝑎7 = 𝑎 + (7 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎 + 6𝑑
Now, we are given,
𝑎7 = 12 + 𝑎
𝑎 + 6𝑑 = 12 + 𝑎 + 4𝑑
6𝑑 − 4𝑑 = 12
2𝑑 = 12
𝑑=6
Substituting the value of 𝑑 in (1), we get,
𝑎 = 16 − 2(6)
= 16 − 12
=4
T IO S
So, the first term is 4 and the common difference is 6.
I
Therefore, the A.P. is 4, 10, 16, 22, … ..
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 5.25:
PY
DO U A
Question 25: The 7th term of an A.P. is 32 and its 13th term is 62. Find
T
ED PR
the A.P.
ANSWER:
C
©
of the A.P as 𝑑
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
𝑎7 = 𝑎 + (7 − 1)𝑑
32 = 𝑎 + 6𝑑 …. (1)
𝑎13 = 𝑎 + (13 − 1)𝑑
62 = 𝑎 + 12𝑑 …. (2)
Now, on subtracting (2) from (1), we get,
62 − 32 = (𝑎 + 12𝑑) − (𝑎 + 6𝑑)
30 = 𝑎 + 12𝑑 − 𝑎 − 6𝑑
30 = 6𝑑
30
𝑑=
6
𝑑=5
T IO S
Substituting the value of 𝑑 in (1), we get,
I
32 = 𝑎 + 6(5)
NO A D
CO N
A
32 = 𝑎 + 30
PY
𝑎 = 32 − 30
DO U A
T
𝑎=2
ED PR
So, the first term is 2 and the common difference is 5.

C
Therefore, the A.P. is 2, 7, 12, 27, ….

©
Page No 5.25:
Question 26: Which term of the A.P. 3, 10, 17, ... will be 84 more than
its 13th term?
ANSWER:
In the given problem, let us first find the 13th term of the given A.P.
A.P. is 3, 10, 17 …
Here,
First term (a) = 3
Common difference of the A.P. (d) =7
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑

𝑎13 = 3 + (13 − 1)(7)
= 3 + 12(7)
= 3 + 84
T IO S I
= 87
NO A D
CO N
Let us take the term which is 84 more than the 13th term as an. So,
A
𝑎𝑛 = 84 + 𝑎13
PY
DO U A
= 84 + 87
T
ED PR
= 171
Also, 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
C
©
171 = 3 + (𝑛 − 1)7
171 = 3 + 7𝑛 − 7
171 = −4 + 7𝑛
171 + 4 = 7𝑛
175 = 7𝑛
175
𝑛=
7
𝑛 = 25
Therefore, the 25th term of the given A.P. is 84 more than the 13th term.
Page No 5.25:
Question 27: Two arithmetic progression have the same common
difference. The difference between their 100th terms is 100, What is the
difference between their 1000th terms?
ANSWER:
Here, we are given two A.P sequences which have the same common
difference. Let us take the first term of one A.P. as 𝑎 and of other A.P. as
a’
T IO S
Also, it is given that the difference between their 100th terms is 100.
I
NO A D
We need to find the difference between their 100th terms
CO N
A
So, let us first find the 100th terms for both of them.
PY
DO U A
Now, as we know,
T
ED PR
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
So, for 100th term of first A.P. (n = 100),
C
𝑎100 = 𝑎 + (100 − 1)𝑑

©
= 𝑎 + 99𝑑
Now, for 100th term of second A.P. (n = 100),
′
𝑎100 = 𝑎′ + (100 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎′ + 99𝑑
Now, we are given,
′
𝑎100 − 𝑎100 = 100
On substituting the values, we get,
𝑎 + 99𝑑 − 𝑎′ − 99𝑑 = 100
𝑎 − 𝑎′ = 100 …. (1)
Now, we need the difference between the 1000th terms of both the A.P.s
So, for 1000th term of first A.P. (n = 1000),
𝑎1000 = 𝑎 + (1000 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎 + 999𝑑
Now, for 1000th term of second A.P. (n = 1000),
′
𝑎1000 = 𝑎′ + (1000 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎′ + 999𝑑
T IO S I
So,
NO A D
CO N
′
𝑎1000 − 𝑎1000 = (𝑎 + 999𝑑) − (𝑎′ + 999𝑑)
A
= 𝑎 + 999𝑑 − 𝑎′ − 999𝑑
PY
DO U A
= 𝑎 − 𝑎′
T
ED PR
= 100 (Unit 1)
Therefore, the difference between the 1000th terms of both the arithmetic
C
progressions will be.

©
Page No 5.25:
Question 28: For what value of n, the nth terms of the arithmetic
progressions 63, 65, 67, ... and 3, 10, 17, ... are equal?
ANSWER:
Here, we are given two A.P. sequences. We need to find the value of n for
which the nth terms of both the sequences are equal. We need to find n.
So let us first find the nth term for both the A.P.
First A.P. is 63, 65, 67 …
Here,
First term (a) = 63
Common difference of the A.P. (d) = 65 – 63 = 2
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
So, for nth term,
𝑎𝑛 = 63 + (𝑛 + 1)2
= 63 + 2𝑛 − 2
T IO S I
= 61 + 2𝑛 ….. (1)
NO A D
CO N
Second A.P. is 3, 10, 17 …
A
Here,
PY
DO U A
First term (a) = 3

T
ED PR
Common difference of the A.P. (d) =10 – 3 = 7

Now, as we know,
C
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
©
So, for nth term,

𝑎𝑛 = 3 + (𝑛 − 1)7
= 3 + 7𝑛 − 7
= −4 + 7𝑛 ….. (2)
Now, we are given that the nth terms for both the A.P. sequences are
equal, we equate (1) and (2),
61 + 2𝑛 = −4 + 7𝑛
2𝑛 − 7𝑛 = −4 − 61
−5𝑛 = −65
−65
𝑛=
−5
𝑛 = 13
Therefore, 𝑛 = 13
Page No 5.25:
Question 29: How many multiples of 4 lie between 10 and 250?
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
In this problem, we need to find out how many multiples of 4 lie between
NO A D
CO N
10 and 250.
A
So, we know that the first multiple of 4 after 10 is 12 and the last multiple
PY
DO U A
of 4 before 250 is 248. Also, all the terms which are divisible by 4 will
T
form an A.P. with the common difference of 4.
ED PR
So here,
C
First term (a) = 12

©

Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
248 = 12 + (𝑛 − 1)4
248 = 12 + 4𝑛 − 4
248 = 8 + 4𝑛
248 − 8 = 4𝑛
240 = 4𝑛
240
𝑛=
4
𝑛 = 60
Therefore, the number of multiples of 4 that lie between 10 and 250 is 60.
T IO S
Page No 5.25:
I
Question 30: How many three digit numbers are divisible by 7?
NO A D
CO N
A
ANSWER:
PY
In this problem, we need to find out how many numbers of three digits are
DO U A
divisible by 7.
T
ED PR
So, we know that the first three-digit number that is divisible by 7 is 105
and the last three-digit number divisible by 7 is 994. Also, all the terms
C
which are divisible by 7 will form an A.P. with the common difference of
©
7.
So here,
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
994 = 105 + (𝑛 − 1)7
994 = 105 + 7𝑛 − 7
994 = 98 + 7𝑛
994 − 98 = 7𝑛
896 = 7𝑛
896
𝑛=
7
T IO S
𝑛 = 128
I
NO A D
Therefore, the number of three digit terms divisible by 7 is 128.
CO N
A
PY
Page No 5.25:
DO U A
T
Question 31: Which term of the arithmetic progression 8, 14, 20, 26, ...
ED PR
will be 72 more than its 41st term.

ANSWER:
C
©
In the given problem, let us first find the 41st term of the given A.P.
A.P. is 8, 14, 20, 26 …
Here,
First term (a) = 8
Common difference of the A.P. (d) = 14 − 8 = 6
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
So, for 41st term (n = 41),
𝑎41 = 8 + (41 − 1)(6)
= 8 + 40(6)
= 8 + 240
= 248
Let us take the term which is 72 more than the 41st term as 𝑎𝑛 . So,
𝑎𝑛 = 72 + 𝑎41
= 72 + 248
= 320
T IO S
Also, 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
I
320 = 8 + (𝑛 − 1)6
NO A D
CO N
320 = 8 + 6𝑛 − 6
A
320 = 2 + 6𝑛
PY
DO U A
320 − 2 = 6𝑛
T
ED PR

318 = 6𝑛
C
©
318
𝑛=
6
𝑛 = 53
Therefore, the 53rd term of the given A.P. is 72 more than the 41st term.
Page No 5.26:
Question 32: Find the term of the arithmetic progression 9, 12, 15, 18, ...
which is 39 more than its 36th term.
ANSWER:
A.P. is 9, 12, 15, 18 …
Here,
First term (a) = 9
Common difference of the A.P. (d) =3
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
𝑎36 = 𝑎 + (36 − 1)(3)
T IO S I
= 9 + 35(3)
NO A D
CO N
= 9 + 105
A
= 114
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Let us take the term which is 39 more than the 36th term as an. So,
𝑎𝑛 = 36 + 𝑎36
C
©
= 39 + 114
= 153
Also, 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
153 = 9 + (𝑛 − 1)3
153 = 9 + 3𝑛 − 3
153 = 6 + 3𝑛
153 − 6 = 3𝑛
147 = 3𝑛
147
𝑛=
3
𝑛 = 49
Therefore, the 49th term of the given A.P. is 39 more than the 36th term
Page No 5.26:
Question 33: Find the 8th term from the end of the A.P. 7, 10, 13, ..., 184.
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
NO A D
CO N
given A.P.
A
We have the A.P as 7, 10, 13 …184
PY
DO U A
Here, to find the 8th term from the end let us first find the total number of
T
ED PR
terms. Let us take the total number of terms as n.

So,
C
First term (a) = 7

©

Common difference (d) = 10 − 7=3
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
184 = 7 + (𝑛 − 1)3
184 = 7 + 3𝑛 − 3
184 = 4 + 3𝑛
184 − 4 = 3𝑛
180 = 3𝑛
180
𝑛=
3
𝑛 = 60
So, the 8th term from the end means the 53rd term from the beginning.
So, for the 53rd term (n = 53)
T IO S
𝑎53 = 7 + (53 − 1)3
I
= 7 + (52)3
NO A D
CO N
A
= 7 + 156
PY
= 163
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
Page No 5.26:
©
Question 34: Find the 10th term from the end of the A.P. 8, 10, 12, ...,
126.
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we need to find the 10 th term from the end for the
given A.P.
We have the A.P as 8, 10, 12 …126
So,
First term (a) = 8
Common difference (d) = 10 − 8 = 2
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
126 = 8 + (𝑛 − 1)2
126 = 8 + 2𝑛 − 2
T IO S
126 = 6 + 2𝑛
I
126 − 6 = 2𝑛
NO A D
CO N
A
120 = 2𝑛
PY
DO U A
120
𝑛=
T
2
ED PR
𝑛 = 60
So, the 10th term from the end means the 51st term from the beginning.
C
©
So, for the 51st term (n = 51)

𝑎51 = 8 + (51 − 1)2
= 8 + (50)2
= 8 + 100
= 108
Page No 5.26:
Question 35: The sum 4th and 8th terms of an A.P. is 24 and the sum of
6th and 10th terms is 44. Find the A.P.
ANSWER:
In the given problem, the sum of 4th and 8th term is 24 and the sum of
6th and 10th term is 44. We have to find the A.P
We can write this as,
𝑎4 + 𝑎8 = 24 …… (1)
𝑎6 + 𝑎10 = 44 …… (2)
We need to find the A.P
T IO S
For the given A.P., let us take the first term as a and the common
I
NO A D
difference as d
CO N
A
As we know,
PY
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
DO U A
T
ED PR
𝑎4 = 𝑎 + (4 − 1)𝑑
C
= 𝑎 + 3𝑑
©

𝑎8 = 𝑎 + (8 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎 + 7𝑑
(𝑎 + 3𝑑) + (𝑎 + 7𝑑) = 24
2𝑎 + 10𝑑 = 24 ….. (3)
𝑎6 = 𝑎 + (6 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎 + 5𝑑
𝑎10 = 𝑎 + (10 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎 + 9𝑑
(𝑎 + 5𝑑) + (𝑎 + 9𝑑) = 44
2𝑎 + 14𝑑 = 44 …. (4)
Next we simplify (3) and (4). On subtracting (3) from (4), we get,
(2𝑎 + 14𝑑) − (2𝑎 + 10𝑑) = 44 − 24
T IO S I
2𝑎 + 14𝑑 − 2𝑎 − 10𝑑 = 20
NO A D
CO N
4𝑑 = 20
A
20
𝑑=
PY
DO U A
4
T
𝑑=5
ED PR
Further, using the value of d in equation (3), we get,

𝑎 + 10(5) = 24
C
©
2𝑎 + 50 = 24
2𝑎 = 24 − 50
2𝑎 = −26
𝑎 = −13
So here, 𝑎 = −13 and 𝑑 = 5
Therefore, the A.P. is −13, −8, −3, 2, … ….
Page No 5.26:
Question 36: Which term of the A.P. 3, 15, 27, 39, ... will be 120 more
than its 21st term?
ANSWER:
A.P. is 3, 15, 27, 39 …
Here,
First term (a) = 3
Common difference of the A.P. (d) =15 − 3 = 12
Now, as we know,
T IO S I
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
NO A D
CO N
So, for 21st term (n = 21),
A
𝑎21 = 3 + (21 − 1)(12)
PY
DO U A
= 3 + 20(12)
T
ED PR
= 3 + 240
= 243
C
Let us take the term which is 120 more than the 21st term as an. So,
©
𝑎𝑛 = 120 + 𝑎21
= 120 + 243
= 363
Also, 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
363 = 3 + (𝑛 − 1)12
363 = 3 + 12𝑛 − 12
363 = −9 + 12𝑛
363 + 9 = 12𝑛
372 = 12𝑛
370
𝑛=
12
𝑛 = 31
Therefore, the 31st term of the given A.P. is 120 more than the 21st term.
Page No 5.26:
T IO S
Question 37: The 17th term of an A.P. is 5 more than twice its 8th term. If
I
the 11th term of the A.P. is 43. find the nth term.
NO A D
CO N
ANSWER:
A
Let a be the first term and d be the common difference.
PY
DO U A
T
We know that, nth term = an = a + (n − 1)d
ED PR
According to the question,

C
©
a17 = 5 + 2a8
⇒ a + (17 − 1)d = 5 + 2(a + (8 − 1)d)
⇒ a + 16d = 5 + 2a + 14d
⇒ 16d − 14d = 5 + 2a − a
⇒ 2d = 5 + a
⇒ a = 2d − 5 .... (1)
Also, a11 = 43
⇒ a + (11 − 1)d = 43
⇒ a + 10d = 43 ....(2)
On substituting the values of (1) in (2), we get

2d − 5 + 10d = 43
⇒ 12d = 5 + 43
⇒ 12d = 48
⇒d=4
⇒a=2×4−5 [From (1)]
⇒a=3
∴ an = a + (n − 1)d
= 3 + (n − 1)4
= 3 + 4n − 4
T IO S
= 4n − 1
I
NO A D
Thus, the nth term of the given A.P. is 4n − 1.
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
Page No 5.26:
T
ED PR
Question 38: Find the number of all three digit natural numbers which
are divisible by 9.
C
ANSWER:
©
First three-digit number that is divisible by 9 is 108.
Next number is 108 + 9 = 117.
And the last three-digit number that is divisible by 9 is 999.
Thus, the progression will be 108, 117, .... , 999.
All are three digit numbers which are divisible by 9, and thus forms an
A.P. having first term a 108 and the common difference as 9.

999 = 108 + (n − 1)9

⇒ 108 + 9n − 9 = 999
⇒ 99 + 9n = 999
⇒ 9n = 999 − 99
⇒ 9n = 900
⇒ n = 100
T IO S
Thus, the number of all three digit natural numbers which are divisible
I
by 9 is 100.
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 5.26:
PY
DO U A
Question 39: The 19th term of an A.P. is equal to three times its sixth
T
ED PR
term. If its 9th term is 19, find the A.P.

ANSWER:
C

©
a19 = 3a6
⇒ a + (19 − 1)d = 3(a + (6 − 1)d)
⇒ a + 18d = 3a + 15d
⇒ 18d − 15d = 3a − a
⇒ 3d = 2a
3
⇒ a = d .... (1)
2
Also, a9 = 19
⇒ a + (9 − 1)d = 19
⇒ a + 8d = 19 ....(2)

3
d + 8d = 19
2
⇒ 3d + 16d = 19 × 2
⇒ 19d = 38
⇒d=2
3
T IO S
⇒a= ×2 [From (1)]
2
I
⇒a=3
NO A D
CO N
A
Thus, the A.P. is 3, 5, 7, 9, .... .
PY
DO U A
T
Page No 5.26:
ED PR
Question 40: The 9th term of an A.P. is equal to 6 times its second term.
If its 5th term is 22, find the A.P.
C
©
ANSWER:
a9 = 6a2
⇒ a + (9 − 1)d = 6(a + (2 − 1)d)
⇒ a + 8d = 6a + 6d
⇒ 8d − 6d = 6a − a
⇒ 2d = 5a
2
⇒ a = d .... (1)
5
Also, a5 = 22
⇒ a + (5 − 1)d = 22
⇒ a + 4d = 22 ....(2)

2
d + 4d = 22
5
⇒ 2d + 20d = 22 × 5
T IO S
⇒ 22d = 110
⇒d=5
I
NO A D
2
⇒ a = ×5 [From (1)]
CO N
5
A
⇒a=2
PY
DO U A
Thus, the A.P. is 2, 7, 12, 17, .... .
T
ED PR
Page No 5.26:
C
Question 41: The 24th term of an A.P. is twice its 10th term. Show that its
©
72nd term is 4 times its 15th term.

ANSWER:
a24 = 2a10
⇒ a + (24 − 1)d = 2(a + (10 − 1)d)
⇒ a + 23d = 2a + 18d
⇒ 23d − 18d = 2a − a
⇒ 5d = a
⇒ a = 5d .... (1)
Also,
a72 = a + (72 − 1)d
= 5d + 71d [From (1)]
= 76d ..... (2)
and
T IO S
a15 = a + (15 − 1)d
I
= 5d + 14d [From (1)]
NO A D
= 19d ..... (3)
CO N
A
PY
On comparing (2) and (3), we get
DO U A
T
ED PR
76d = 4 × 19d
⇒ a72 = 4 × a15
C
Thus, 72nd term of the given A.P. is 4 times its 15th term.
©
Page No 5.26:
Question 42: Find the number of natural numbers between 101 and 999
which are divisible by both 2 and 5.
ANSWER:
Since, the number is divisible by both 2 and 5, means it must be
divisible by 10.
In the given numbers, first number that is divisible by 10 is 110.
Next number is 110 + 10 = 120.

The last number that is divisible by 10 is 990.
Thus, the progression will be 110, 120, ..., 990.
All the terms are divisible by 10, and thus forms an A.P. having first
term as 110 and the common difference as 10.
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A
990 = 110 + (n − 1)10
⇒ 990 = 110 + 10n − 10
PY
DO U A
⇒ 10n = 990 − 100
T
⇒ 10n = 890
ED PR
⇒ n = 89
C
Thus, the number of natural numbers between 101 and 999 which are
©
divisible by both 2 and 5 is 89.
Page No 5.26:
1 1
Question 43: If the seventh term of an A.P. is and its ninth term is ,
9 7
rd
find its (63) term.
ANSWER:

1
a7 =
9
1
⇒ a + (7 − 1)d =
9
1
⇒ a + 6d = .... (1)
9
1
Also, a9 =
7
1
⇒ a + (9 − 1)d =
T IO S
7
1
⇒ a + 8d = ....(2)
I
7
NO A D
CO N
On Subtracting (1) from (2), we get
A
1 1
8d − 6d = −
PY
DO U A
7 9
9−7
⇒ 2d =
T
63
ED PR
2
⇒ 2d =
63
1
⇒d=
C
63
1 6
©
⇒a= − [From (1)]

9 63
7−6
⇒a=
63
1
⇒a=
63
∴ a63 = a + (63 − 1)d

1 62
= +
63 63
63
=
63
=1
Thus, (63)rd term of the given A.P. is 1.

Page No 5.26:
Question 44: The sum of 5th and 9th terms of an A.P. is 30. If its 25th term
is three times its 8th term, find the A.P.
ANSWER:
T IO S
I
NO A D
CO N
A
a5 + a9 = 30
PY
DO U A
⇒ a + (5 − 1)d + a + (9 − 1)d = 30
T
⇒ a + 4d + a + 8d = 30
ED PR
⇒ 2a + 12d = 30
⇒ a + 6d = 15 .... (1)
C
©
Also, a25 = 3(a8)

⇒ a + (25 − 1)d = 3[a + (8 − 1)d]
⇒ a + 24d = 3a + 21d
⇒ 3a − a = 24d − 21d
⇒ 2a = 3d
⇒ a = 3232d ....(2)
Substituting the value of (2) in (1), we get

3232d + 6d = 15
⇒ 3d + 12d = 15 × 2
⇒ 15d = 30
⇒d=2
⇒ a = 32×232×2 [From (1)]
⇒a=3
Thus, the A.P. is 3, 5, 7, 9, .... .
Page No 5.26:
Question 45: Find where 0 (zero) is a term of the A.P. 40, 37, 34, 31, ......
ANSWER:
T IO S
I
NO A D
CO N
A
It is given that a = 40, d = −3 and an = 0
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
⇒ 0 = 40 + (n − 1)(−3)
C
⇒ 0 = 40 − 3n + 3
©
⇒ 3n = 43
43
⇒n= .... (1)
3
Here, n is the number of terms, so must be an integer.
Thus, there is no term where 0 (zero) is a term of the A.P. 40, 37, 34, 31,
..... .
Page No 5.26:
Question 46: Find the middle term of the A.P. 213, 205, 197, ...., 37.
ANSWER:
It is given that a = 213, d = −8 and an = 37
⇒ 37 = 213 + (n − 1)(−8)
T IO S
⇒ 37 = 213 − 8n + 8
I
⇒ 8n = 221 − 37
NO A D
⇒ 8n = 184
CO N
A
⇒ n = 23 .... (1)
PY
DO U A
Therefore, total number of terms is 23.

T
ED PR
Since, there are odd number of terms.

23+1 th
C
So, Middle term will be ( ) term, i.e., the 12th term.

2
©
∴ a12 = 213 + (12 − 1)(−8)

= 213 − 88
= 125
Thus, the middle term of the A.P. 213, 205, 197, ...., 37 is 125.
Page No 5.26:
Question 47: If the 5th term of an A.P. is 31 and 25th term is 140 more
than the 5th term, find the A.P.
ANSWER:
a5 = 31
⇒ a + (5 − 1)d = 31
⇒ a + 4d = 31
⇒ a = 31 − 4d .... (1)
T IO S
Also, a25 = 140 + a5
I
⇒ a + (25 − 1)d = 140 + 31
NO A D
⇒ a + 24d = 171 .... (2)
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
31 − 4d + 24d = 171
T
⇒ 20d = 171 − 31
ED PR
⇒ 20d = 140
⇒d=7
C
⇒ a = 31 − 4 × 7 [From (1)]
©
⇒a=3
Thus, the A.P. is 3, 10, 17, 24, .... .
Page No 5.26:
Question 48: Find the sum of two middle terms of the A.P.
4 −2 −1 1
: − , −1, , ,………,4 .
3 3 3 3
ANSWER:
4 1 13
𝑎 = − , 𝑑 = , 𝑎𝑛 =
3 3 3
13
⇒ 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑 =
3
4 1 13
⇒ (− ) + (𝑛 − 1) ( ) =
3 3 3
⇒ 13 = −4 + 𝑛 − 1
⇒ 𝑛 = 18
nth n
Midlle terms are and + 1th , i. e 9th and 10th terms.
2 2
T IO S
4 8 4
𝑎9 = 𝑎 + 8𝑑 = − + =
3 3 3
I
4 9 5
NO A D
𝑎10 = 𝑎 + 9𝑑 = − + =
CO N
3 3 3
A
9
∴ 𝑎9 + 𝑎10 = = 3
PY
3
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 5.26:
Question 49: If (m + 1)th term of an A.P is twice the (n + 1)th term, prove
C
that (3m + 1)th term is twice the (m + n + 1)th term.

©
ANSWER:
Here, we are given that (m+1) th term is twice the (n+1)th term, for a
certain A.P. Here, let us take the first term of the A.P. as a and the
common difference as d
We need to prove that 𝑎3𝑚+1 = 2𝑎𝑚+𝑛+1
As we know,
an = a + (n − 1) d
For (m+1) th term (n’ = m+1)
𝑎𝑚+1 = 𝑎 + (𝑚 + 1 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎 + 𝑚𝑑
For (n+1) th term (n’ = n+1),
𝑎𝑛+1 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 + 1 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎 + 𝑛𝑑
Now, we are given that 𝑎𝑚+1 = 2𝑎𝑛+1
So, we get,
𝑎 + 𝑚𝑑 = 2(𝑎 + 𝑛𝑑 )
T IO S I
𝑎 + 𝑚𝑑 = 2𝑎 + 2𝑛𝑑
NO A D
CO N
𝑚𝑑 − 2𝑛𝑑 = 2𝑎 − 𝑎
A
(𝑚 − 2𝑛)𝑑 = 𝑎 ……… (1)
PY
DO U A
Further, we need to prove that the (3m+1)th term is twice of

T
ED PR
(m+n+1)th term. So let us now find these two terms,

For (m+n+1) th term (n’ = m+n+1),
C
𝑎𝑚+𝑛+1 = 𝑎 + (𝑚 + 𝑛 + 1 − 1)𝑑
©
= (𝑚 − 2𝑛)𝑑 + (𝑚 + 𝑛)𝑑
= 𝑚𝑑 − 2𝑛𝑑 + 3𝑚𝑑
= 2𝑚𝑑 − 𝑛𝑑 (Using 1)
For (3m+1)th term (n’ = 3m+1),
𝑎3𝑚+1 = 𝑎 + (3𝑚 + 1 − 1)𝑑
= (𝑚 − 2𝑛)𝑑 + 3𝑚𝑑 (Using 1)
= 𝑚𝑑 − 2𝑛𝑑 + 3𝑚𝑑
= 4𝑚𝑑 − 2𝑛𝑑
= 2(2𝑚𝑑 − 𝑛𝑑)
Therefore, 𝑎3𝑚+1 = 2𝑎𝑚+𝑛+1
Hence proved
Page No 5.26:
Question 50: If an A.P. consists of n terms with first term a
and nth term l show that the sum of the mth term from the beginning and
the mth term from the end is (a + l).
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
NO A D
In the given problem, we have an A.P. which consists of n terms.
CO N
A
Here,
PY
The first term (a) = a
DO U A
T
The last term (an) = l
ED PR
Now, as we know,
an = a + (n − 1) d
C
©
So, for the mth term from the beginning, we take (n = m),
𝑎𝑚 = 𝑎 + (𝑚 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎 + 𝑚𝑑 − 𝑑 ….. (1)
Similarly, for the mth term from the end, we can take l as the first term.
So, we get,
𝑎𝑚′ = 𝑙 − (𝑚 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑙 − 𝑚𝑑 + 𝑑 ….. (2)
Now, we need to prove 𝑎𝑚 + 𝑎𝑚′ = 𝑎 + 𝑙
So, adding (1) and (2), we get,
𝑎𝑚 + 𝑎𝑚′ = (𝑎 + 𝑚𝑑 − 𝑑) + (𝑙 − 𝑚𝑑 + 𝑑)
= 𝑎 + 𝑚𝑑 − 𝑑 + 𝑙 − 𝑚𝑑 + 𝑑
=𝑎+𝑙
Therefore, 𝑎𝑚 + 𝑎𝑚′ = 𝑎 + 𝑙
Hence proved
Page No 5.26:
T IO S
Question 51: How many numbers lie between 10 and 300, which when
divided by 4 leave a remainder 3?
I
NO A D
ANSWER:
CO N
A
The given A.P is 11, 15, 19, ......,299.
PY
𝑎 = 11
DO U A
T
𝑑=4
ED PR
𝑎𝑛 = 299
C
⇒ 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑 = 299
©
⇒ 11 + (𝑛 − 1)4 = 299
⇒ (𝑛 − 1)4 = 288
⇒ 𝑛 = 73
Page No 5.26:
Question 52: Find the 12th term from the end of the
A.P. −2, −4, −6, ........−100-2, -4, -6 , ........-100 .
ANSWER:
Consider the A.P −2, −4, −6, ...., −100.
𝑎 = −2, 𝑑 = −2, 𝑎𝑛 = −100
⇒ 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑 = −100
⇒ (−2) + (𝑛 − 1)(−2) = −100
⇒ 2𝑛 = 100
⇒ 𝑛 = 50
The 12th term from the end will be the 39th term from the starting.
∴ 𝑎39 = 𝑎 + 38𝑑 = −2 + 38(−2) = −78
T IO S I
Page No 5.26:
NO A D
CO N
Question 53:
A
For the A.P.: −3, −7, −11 ......, -3, -7, -11 , ....., can we find 𝑎30 − 𝑎20
PY
DO U A
without actually finding 𝑎30 and 𝑎20 ? Give reasons for your answer.
T
ED PR
ANSWER:
Consider the A.P −3, −7, −11, ....
C
𝑎 = −3, 𝑑 = −4,
©
𝑎30 − 𝑎20 = [𝑎 + (30 − 1)𝑑] − [𝑎 + (20 − 1)𝑑]

𝑎30 − 𝑎20 = 𝑎 + 29𝑑 − 𝑎 − 19𝑑
∴ 𝑎30 − 𝑎20 = 10𝑑
= 10(−4)
= −40
Page No 5.26:
Question 54: Two A.P.s have the same common difference. The first term
of one A.P. is 2 and that of the other is 7. The difference between their
10th terms is the same as the difference between their 21 st terms, which is
the same as the difference between any two corresponding terms. Why?
ANSWER:
First term of 1st A.P is 2.
First term of 2nd A.P is 7.
Consider the difference of their 10th terms,
′
𝑎10 − 𝑎10 = 𝑎 + 9𝑑 − 𝑎′ − 9𝑑′
= 𝑎 − 𝑎′ + 9𝑑 − 9𝑑′
=2−7+0 [ 𝑑 = 𝑑′ ]
T IO S I
= −5
NO A D
CO N
′
𝑎21 − 𝑎21 = 𝑎 + 20𝑑 − 𝑎′ − 20𝑑′
A
= 𝑎 − 𝑎′ + 20𝑑 − 20𝑑′
PY
DO U A
=2−7+0 [𝑑 = 𝑑 ′ ]
T
ED PR
= −5
′ ′
𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑎10 − 𝑎10 = 𝑎21 − 𝑎21 .
C
The difference between any two corresponding terms of A. P's is same as

©
the difference between their terms.

Exercise 5.5
Page No 5.30:
Question 1: Find the value of x for which (8x + 4), (6x − 2) and (2x + 7)
are in A.P.
ANSWER:
Here, we are given three terms,
First term (a1) = 8𝑥 + 4
T IO S
Second term (a2) = 6𝑥 − 2
I
NO A D
Third term (a3) = 2𝑥 + 7
CO N
A
We need to find the value of x for which these terms are in A.P. So, in an
PY
A.P. the difference of two adjacent terms is always constant. So, we get,
DO U A
T
𝑑 = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1
ED PR
𝑑 = (6𝑥 − 2) − (8𝑥 + 4)
C
𝑑 = 6𝑥 − 8𝑥 − 2 − 4
©
𝑑 = −2𝑥 − 6 …… (1)
Also,
𝑑 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2
𝑑 = (2𝑥 + 7) − (6𝑥 − 2)
𝑑 = 2𝑥 − 6𝑥 + 7 + 2
𝑑 = −4𝑥 + 9 …… (2)
Now, on equating (1) and (2), we get,
−2𝑥 − 6 = −4𝑥 + 9
4𝑥 − 2𝑥 = 9 + 6
2𝑥 = 15
15
𝑥=
2
15
Therefore, for 𝑥 = , these three terms will form an A.P.
2
Page No 5.30:
Question 2: If x + 1, 3x and 4x + 2 are in A.P., find the value of x.
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
NO A D
Here, we are given three terms which are in A.P.,
CO N
A
First term (a1) = 𝑥 + 1
PY
DO U A
Second term (a2) = 3𝑥
T
ED PR
We need to find the value of x. So, in an A.P. the difference of two

C
adjacent terms is always constant. So, we get,

©
𝑑 = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1
𝑑 = (3𝑥 ) − (𝑥 + 1)
𝑑 = 3𝑥 − 𝑥 − 1
𝑑 = 2𝑥 − 1 …… (1)
Also,
𝑑 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2
𝑑 = (4𝑥 + 2) − (3𝑥 )
𝑑 = 4𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 2
𝑑 =𝑥+2 …… (2)
2𝑥 − 1 = 𝑥 + 2
2𝑥 − 𝑥 = 2 + 1
𝑥=3
Therefore, for 𝑥 = 3, these three terms will form an A.P.
Page No 5.30:
Question 3: Show that (a − b)2, (a2 + b2) and (a + b)2 are in A.P.
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
Here, we are given three terms and we need to show that they are in A.P.,
NO A D
CO N
First term (a1) = (𝑎 − 𝑏)2
A
Second term (a2) = (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 )
PY
DO U A
Third term (a3) = (𝑎 + 𝑏)2

T
ED PR
So, in an A.P. the difference of two adjacent terms is always constant. So,
to prove that these terms are in A.P. we find the common difference, we
C
get,
©
𝑑 = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1
𝑑 = (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ) − (𝑎 − 𝑏)2
𝑑 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 − (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 − 2𝑎𝑏)
𝑑 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 − 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 + 2𝑎𝑏
𝑑 = 2𝑎𝑏 …… (1)
Also,
𝑑 = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1
𝑑 = (𝑎 + 𝑏)2 − (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 )
𝑑 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 2𝑎𝑏 − 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2
𝑑 = 2𝑎𝑏 …… (2)
Now, since in equations (1) and (2) the values of d are equal, we can say
that these terms are in A.P. with 2ab as the common difference.
Hence proved
Page No 5.30:
Question 4: The sum of three terms of an A.P. is 21 and the product of
the first and the third terms exceeds the second term by 6, find three terms.
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
NO A D
In the given problem, the sum of three terms of an A.P is 21 and the
CO N
product of the first and the third term exceeds the second term by 6.
A
We need to find the three terms.
PY
DO U A
Here,
T
ED PR
Let the three terms be (𝑎 − 𝑑), 𝑎, (𝑎 + 𝑑) where, a is the first term

and d is the common difference of the A.P
C
So,
©
(𝑎 − 𝑑) + 𝑎 + 𝑎(𝑎 + 𝑑) = 21
3𝑎 = 21
𝑎=7 …… (1)
Also,
(𝑎 − 𝑑)(𝑎 + 𝑑) = 𝑎 + 6
𝑎2 − 𝑑 2 = 𝑎 + 6 (Using 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 = (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎 − 𝑏))
(7)2 − 𝑑2 = 7 + 6 (Using 1)
49 − 13 = 𝑑2
Further solving for 𝑑,
𝑑2 = 36
𝑑 = √36
𝑑=6 …… (2)
Now, using the values of a and d in the expressions of the three terms, we
get,
First term = 𝑎 − 𝑑
So,
T IO S
𝑎−𝑑 =7−6
I
NO A D
=1
CO N
A
Second term = a
PY
DO U A
So,
T
ED PR
𝑎=7
Also,
C
Third term = 𝑎 + 𝑑
©
So,
𝑎+𝑑 =7+6
= 13
Therefore, the three terms are 1, 7 and 13.
Page No 5.30:
Question 5: Three numbers are in A.P. If the sum of these numbers be 27
and the product 648, find the numbers.
ANSWER:
In the given problem, the sum of three terms of an A.P is 27 and the
product of the three terms is 648. We need to find the three terms.
Here,
Let the three terms be (𝑎 − 𝑑), 𝑎, (𝑎 + 𝑑) where a is the first term
So,
(𝑎 − 𝑑) + 𝑎 + (𝑎 + 𝑑) = 27
T IO S
3𝑎 = 27
I
…… (1)
𝑎=9
NO A D
CO N
A
Also,
PY
(𝑎 − 𝑑)𝑎(𝑎 + 𝑑) = 𝑎 + 6
DO U A
T
𝑎(𝑎2 − 𝑑2 ) = 648 [Using 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 = (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎 − 𝑏)]
ED PR
9(92 − 𝑑2 ) = 648
C
81 − 𝑑2 = 72
©

81 − 𝑑2 = 72
81 − 72 = 𝑑2
𝑑 = √9
𝑑=3 …… (2)
Now, substituting (1) and (2) in three terms
So,
𝑎−𝑑 =9−3
=6
Also,
Second term = a
So,
𝑎=9
Also,
T IO S I
So,
NO A D
CO N
𝑎+𝑑 =9+3
A
= 12
PY
DO U A
Therefore, the three terms are 6, 9 and 12.

T
ED PR
Page No 5.30:
C
©
Question 6: Find the four numbers in A.P., whose sum is 50 and in which
the greatest number is 4 times the least.
ANSWER:
Here, we are given that four number are in A.P., such that their sum is 50
and the greatest number is 4 times the smallest.
So, let us take the four terms as 𝑎 − 𝑑, 𝑎, 𝑎 + 𝑑, 𝑎 + 2𝑑.
Now, we are given that sum of these numbers is 50, so we get,
(𝑎 − 𝑑) + (𝑎) + (𝑎 + 𝑑) + (𝑎 + 2𝑑) = 50
𝑎 − 𝑑 + 𝑎 + 𝑎 + 𝑑 + 𝑎 + 2𝑑 = 50
4𝑎 + 2𝑑 = 50
2𝑎 + 𝑑 = 25 …… (1)
Also, the greatest number is 4 times the smallest, so we get,
𝑎 + 2𝑑 = 4(𝑎 − 𝑑)
𝑎 + 2𝑑 = 4𝑎 − 4𝑑
4𝑑 + 2𝑑 = 4𝑎 − 𝑎
6𝑑 = 3𝑎
3
𝑑= 𝑎 …… (2)
6
T IO S
Now, using (2) in (1), we get,
I
3
NO A D
2𝑎 + 𝑎 = 25
CO N
6
A
12𝑎+3𝑎
= 25
6
PY
DO U A
15𝑎 = 150
T
ED PR
150
𝑎=
15
𝑎 = 10
C
©
Now, using the value of a in (2), we get

3
𝑑 = (10)
6
10
𝑑=
2
𝑑=5
So, first term is given by,
𝑎 − 𝑑 = 10 − 5
=5
Second term is given by,
𝑎 = 10
Third term is given by,
𝑎 + 𝑑 = 10 + 5
= 15
Fourth term is given by,
𝑎 + 2𝑑 = 10 + (2)(5)
T IO S
= 10 + 10
I
= 20
NO A D
CO N
Therefore, the four terms are 5, 10, 15, 20.
A
PY
DO U A
Page No 5.30:
T
ED PR
Question 7: The sum of three numbers in A.P. is 12 and the sum of their
cubes is 288. Find the numbers.
C
ANSWER:
©
In the given problem, the sum of three terms of an A.P is 12 and the sum
of their cubes is 288.
We need to find the three terms.
Here,
Let the three terms be (𝑎 − 𝑑), 𝑎, (𝑎 + 𝑑)where, a is the first term
So,
(𝑎 − 𝑑) + (𝑎) + (𝑎 + 𝑑) = 12
3𝑎 = 12
12
𝑎=
3
𝑎=4
Also, it is given that
(𝑎 − 𝑑)3 + (𝑎)3 + (𝑎 + 𝑑)3 = 288
So, using the properties:
(𝑎 − 𝑏)3 = 𝑎3 − 𝑏 3 + 3𝑎𝑏 2 − 3𝑎2 𝑏
(𝑎 + 𝑏)3 = 𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 + 3𝑎𝑏 2 + 3𝑎2 𝑏
T IO S
We get,
I
(𝑎 − 𝑑)3 + (𝑎)3 + (𝑎 + 𝑑)3 = 288
NO A D
𝑎3 − 𝑑3 − 3𝑎2 𝑑 + 3𝑑2 𝑎 + 𝑎3 + 𝑎3 + 𝑑3 + 3𝑎2 𝑑 + 3𝑑2 𝑎 = 288
CO N
A
3𝑎3 + 6𝑑2 𝑎 = 288
𝑎3 + 2𝑑2 𝑎 = 96
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Further solving for 𝑑 by substituting the value of a, we get,

(4)2 + 2𝑑2 (4) = 96
C
64 + 8𝑑2 = 96
©
8𝑑2 = 96 − 64
32
𝑑2 =
8

𝑑=4
𝑑 = √4
𝑑 = ±2
Now, here d can have two values +2 and -2.
So, on substituting the values of a = 4 and d = 2 in three terms, we get,
So,
𝑎−𝑑 =4−2
=2
Second term = a
So,
𝑎=4
T IO S I
So,
NO A D
CO N
𝑎+𝑑 =4+2
A
=6
PY
DO U A
Also, on substituting the values of a = 4 and 𝑑 = −2 in three terms, we

T
ED PR
get,
First term =𝑑 = −2
C
So,
©
𝑎 − 𝑑 = 4 − (−2)
=4+2
=6
Second term = a
So,
𝑎=4
So,
𝑎 + 𝑑 = 4 + (−2)
=4−2
=2
Therefore, the three terms are 2, 4 and 6 or 6, 4 and 2.
Page No 5.30:
T IO S
Question 8: Divide 56 in four parts in A.P. such that the ratio of the
product of their extremes to the product of their means is 5 : 6.
I
ANSWER:NO A D
CO N
A
Let the four terms of the AP be a − 3d, a − d, a + d and a + 3d.
PY
Given:
DO U A
(a − 3d) + (a − d) + (a + d) + (a + 3d) = 56
T
ED PR
⇒⇒ 4a = 56
⇒⇒ a = 14
C
(𝑎−3𝑑)(𝑎+3𝑑) 5
©
Also, (𝑎−𝑑)(𝑎+𝑑)
=
6
𝑎2 −9𝑑2 5
⇒ =
𝑎2 −𝑑2 6
(14)2 −9𝑑2 5
⇒ (14)2 −𝑑2
=
6
196−9𝑑2 5
⇒ =
196−𝑑2 6
⇒ 1176 − 54𝑑2 = 980 − 5𝑑2

⇒ 196 = 49𝑑2
⇒ 𝑑2 = 4
⇒ 𝑑 = ±2
When d = 2, the terms of the AP are 8, 12, 16, 20. When d = −2, the
terms of the AP are 20, 18, 12, 8.
Page No 5.30:
Question 9: The angles of a quadrilateral are in A.P. whose common
difference is 10°. Find the numbers.
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
NO A D
Here, we are given that the angles of a quadrilateral are in A.P, such that
CO N
A
the common difference is 10°.
PY
DO U A
So, let us take the angles as 𝑎 − 𝑑, 𝑎 + 𝑑, 𝑎 + 2𝑑
T
Now, we know that the sum of all angles of a quadrilateral is 360°. So, we
ED PR
get,
(𝑎 − 𝑑) + (𝑎) + (𝑎 + 𝑑) + (𝑎 + 2𝑑) = 360
C
©
𝑎 − 𝑑 + 𝑎 + 𝑎 + 𝑑 + 𝑎 + 2𝑑 = 360
4𝑎 + 2(10) = 360
4𝑎 = 360 − 20
On further simplifying for a, we get,
340
𝑎=
4
𝑎 = 85
So, the first angle is given by,
𝑎 − 𝑑 = 85 − 10
= 75
Second angle is given by,
𝑎 = 85
Third angle is given by,
𝑎 + 𝑑 = 85 + 10
= 95
Fourth angle is given by,
𝑎 + 2𝑑 = 85 + (2)(10)
T IO S I
= 85 + 20
NO A D
CO N
= 105
A
Therefore, the four angles of the quadrilateral are 75, 85, 95, 105.
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 5.30:
Question 10: Split 207 into three parts such that these are in A.P. and the
C
product of the two smaller parts is 4623.

©
ANSWER:
Suppose three parts of 207 are (a − d), a, (a + d) such that, (a + d) >a
> (a − d).
𝑎 − 𝑑 + 𝑎 + 𝑎 + 𝑑 = 207
⇒ 3𝑎 = 207
⇒ 𝑎 = 69Now, (𝑎 − 𝑑) × 𝑎 = 4623
⇒ 69(69 − 𝑑) = 4623
⇒ (69 − 𝑑) = 67
⇒𝑑=2
Therefore, the three required parts are 67, 69 and 71.
Page No 5.30:
Question 11: The angles of a triangle are in A.P. The greatest angle is
twice the least. Find all the angles.
ANSWER:
T IO S
Suppose the angles of a triangle are (a − d), a, (a + d) such that,
(a + d) >a > (a − d).
I
NO A D
𝑎 − 𝑑 + 𝑎 + 𝑎 + 𝑑 = 180 [angle sum property]
CO N
A
⇒ 3𝑎 = 180
PY
DO U A
⇒ 𝑎 = 60
T
ED PR
Now, (𝑎 + 𝑑) = 2(𝑎 − 𝑑)
⇒ 𝑎 + 𝑑 = 2𝑎 − 2𝑑
C
⇒ 𝑎 = 3𝑑
©
60
⇒𝑑= = 20
3
Therefore, the three 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 are 40, 60, 80.
Page No 5.30:
Question 12: The sum of four consecutive numbers in A.P. is 32 and the
ratio of the product of the first and last terms to the product of two middle
terms is 7: 15. Find the number.
ANSWER:
Let the four terms of the AP be a − 3d, a − d, a + d and a + 3d.
Given:
(a − 3d) + (a − d) + (a + d) + (a + 3d) = 32
⇒⇒ 4a = 32
⇒⇒ a = 8
Also,
(𝑎−3𝑑)(𝑎+3𝑑) 7
(𝑎−𝑑)(𝑎+𝑑)
=
15
𝑎2 −9𝑑2 7
⇒ =
𝑎2 −𝑑2 15
T IO S
(8)2 −9𝑑2 7
I
⇒ (8)2 −𝑑2
=
15
NO A D
CO N
64−9𝑑2 7
A
⇒ =
64−𝑑2 15
PY
DO U A
⇒ 960 − 135𝑑2 = 448 − 7𝑑2

T
ED PR
⇒ 512 = 128𝑑2
⇒ 𝑑2 = 4
C
©
⇒ 𝑑 = ±2
When a = 8 and d= 2, then the terms are 2, 6, 10, 14.
When a = 8 and d= −2, then the terms are 14, 10, 6, 2.
Exercise 5.6
Page No 5.50:
Question 1: Find the sum of the following arithmetic progressions:
(i) 50, 46, 42, ... to 10 terms
(ii) 1, 3, 5, 7, ... to 12 terms
9 15
(iii) 3, , 6, , ... to 25 terms
T IO S
2 2
I
(iv) 41, 36, 31, ... to 12 terms
NO A D
CO N
A
(v) a + b, a − b, a − 3b, ... to 22 terms
PY
DO U A
(vi) (x − y)2, (x2 + y2), (x + y)2, ..., to n terms

T
ED PR
𝑥−𝑦 3𝑥−2𝑦 5𝑥−3𝑦

(vii) , ... to n terms
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥+𝑦 𝑥+𝑦
C
©
(viii) −26, −24, −22, ... to 36 terms.

ANSWER:
In the given problem, we need to find the sum of terms for different
arithmetic progressions. So, here we use the following formula for the
sum of n terms of an A.P.,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
Where; a = first term for the given A.P.

d = common difference of the given A.P.
n = number of terms
(i) 50, 46, 42, …. To 10 terms
Common difference of the A.P. (d)
= 𝑎2 − 𝑎1
= 46 − 50
= −4
First term for the given A.P. (a) = 50
T IO S
So, using the formula we get,
I
10
𝑆10 = [2(50) + (10 − 1)(−4)]
NO A D
2
CO N
= (5)[100 + (9)(−4)]
A
PY
= (5)[100 − 36]
DO U A
T
= (5)[64]
ED PR
= 320
C
Therefore, the sum of first 10 terms for the given A.P. is 320.
©
(ii) 1, 3, 5, 7, …, -26 To 12 terms.

Common difference of the A.P. (d)
= 𝑎2 − 𝑎1
=3−1
=2
12
𝑆𝑛 = [2(1) + (12 − 1)(2)]
2
= (6)[2 + (11)(2)]
= (6)[2 + 22]
= (6)[24]
= 144
9 15
T IO S
(iii) 3, , 6, , ….To 25 terms.
2 2
I
Common difference of the A.P. (d) = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1
NO A D
CO N
9
A
= −3
2
PY
DO U A
9−6
=
2
T
ED PR
3
=
2

C
©

25 3
𝑆25 = [2(3) + (25 − 1) ( )]
2 2
25 3
= ( ) [6 + (24) ( )]
2 2
25 72
= ( ) [6 + ( )]
2 6
25
= ( ) [6 + 36]
2
25
= ( ) [42]
2
= (25)(21)
= 525
𝑆25 = 525
(iv) 41, 36, 31, …. To 12 terms.

T IO S I
= 36 − 41
NO A D
CO N
= −5
A
PY
DO U A

T
ED PR

12
𝑆12 = [2(41) + (12 − 1)(−5)]
C
2
©
= (6)[82 + (11)(−5)]
= (6)[82 + 55]
= (6)[27]
= 162
(v) 𝑎 + 𝑏, 𝑎 − 𝑏, 𝑎 − 3𝑏, …To 22 terms.

= (𝑎 − 𝑏) − (𝑎 + 𝑏)
=𝑎−𝑏−𝑎−𝑏
= −2𝑏
First term for the given A.P. (a) = 𝑎 + 𝑏
22
𝑆22 = [2(𝑎 + 𝑏) + (22 − 1)(−2𝑏)]
2
= (11)[2𝑎 + 2𝑏 + (21)(−2𝑏)]
T IO S
= (11)[2𝑎 + 2𝑏 + 42𝑏]
I
= (11)[2𝑎 − 40𝑏]
NO A D
CO N
A
= 22𝑎 − 440𝑏
PY
DO U A
T
Therefore, the sum of first 22 terms for the given A.P. is 22𝑎 − 440𝑏.
ED PR
(vi) (𝑥 − 𝑦)2 , (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ), (𝑥 + 𝑦)2 , ….To n terms.

C
©

= (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) − (𝑥 + 𝑦)2
= 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥𝑦)
= 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 + 2𝑥𝑦
= 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 2𝑥𝑦
= 2𝑥𝑦
Number of terms (n) = n
First term for the given A.P. (a) = (𝑥 − 𝑦)2
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2(𝑥 − 𝑦)2 + (𝑛 − 1)2𝑥𝑦]
2
Now, taking 2 common from both the terms inside the bracket we get,
𝑛
= ( ) [(2)(𝑥 − 𝑦)2 + (2)(𝑛 − 1)𝑥𝑦]
2
𝑛
= ( ) (2)[(𝑥 − 𝑦)2 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑥𝑦]
2
= (𝑛)[(𝑥 − 𝑦)2 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑥𝑦]

Therefore, the sum of first n terms for the given A.P. is (𝑛)[(𝑥 − 𝑦)2 +
T IO S
(𝑛 − 1)𝑥𝑦]
I
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑥−𝑦 3𝑥−2𝑦 5𝑥−3𝑦
(vii) To n terms.
PY
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥+𝑦 𝑥+𝑦
DO U A

T
ED PR
𝑥−𝑦
First term for the given A.P. (a) = ( )
𝑥+𝑦
C

©
3𝑥−2𝑦 𝑥−𝑦
=( )−( )
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥+𝑦
(3𝑥−2𝑦)−(𝑥−𝑦)
=
𝑥+𝑦
3𝑥−2𝑦−𝑥+𝑦
=
𝑥+𝑦
2𝑥−𝑦
=
𝑥+𝑦

𝑛 𝑥−𝑦 2𝑥−𝑦
𝑆22 = [2 ( ) + (𝑛 − 1) ( )]
2 𝑥+𝑦 𝑥+𝑦
𝑛 2𝑥−2𝑦 (𝑛−1)(2𝑥−𝑦)
= ( ) [( )+( )]
𝑛 2𝑥−2𝑦 𝑛(2𝑥−𝑦)−1(2𝑥−𝑦)
= ( ) [( )+( )]
𝑛 2𝑥−2𝑦 𝑛(2𝑥−𝑦)−2𝑥+𝑦
= ( ) [( )+( )]
Now, on further solving the above equation we get,

𝑛 2𝑥−2𝑦+𝑛(2𝑥−𝑦)−2𝑥+𝑦
= ( )[ ]
2 𝑥+𝑦
𝑛 𝑛(2𝑥−𝑦)−𝑦
= ( )( )
2 𝑥+𝑦
T IO S
𝑛 𝑛(2𝑥−𝑦)−𝑦
I
Therefore, the sum of first n terms for the given A.P. is ( ) ( ).
2 𝑥+𝑦
NO A D
CO N
(viii) -26, -24, -22, … To 36 terms.
A
PY
DO U A
= (−24) − (−26)
T
ED PR
= −24 + 26
=2
C
©

First term for the given A.P. (a) = −26
36
𝑆36 = [2(−26) + (36 − 1)(2)]
2
= (18)[−52 + (35)(2)]
= (18)[−52 + 70]
= (18)[18]
= 324
Page No 5.51:
Question 2: Find the sum to n term of the A.P. 5, 2, −1, −4, −7, ...,
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we need to find the sum of the n terms of the given
A.P. “5, 2, −1, −4, −7, ...,”.
So, here we use the following formula for the sum of n terms of an A.P.,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
T IO S
2
I
NO A D
CO N
A
n = number of terms
PY
DO U A
For the given A.P. (5, 2, −1, −4, −7, ...,),
T
ED PR

=2−5
C
= −3
©

𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2(5) + (𝑛 − 1)(−3)]
2
𝑛
= [10 + (−3𝑛 + 3)]
2
𝑛
= [10 − 3𝑛 + 3]
2
𝑛
= [13 − 3𝑛]
2
𝑛
Therefore, the sum of first n terms for the given A.P. is [13 − 3𝑛].
2
Page No 5.51:
Question 3: Find the sum of n terms of an A.P. whose nth terms is given
by 𝑎𝑛 = 5 − 6n.
ANSWER:
Here, we are given an A.P., whose nth term is given by the following
expression, 𝑎𝑛 = 5 − 6n
T IO S
So, here we can find the sum of the n terms of the given A.P., using the
I
𝑛
formula, 𝑆𝑛 = ( ) (𝑎 + 𝑙)
NO A D 2
CO N
A
Where, a = the first term
PY
DO U A
l = the last term
T
So, for the given A.P,
ED PR
The first term (a) will be calculated using 𝑛 = 1in the given equation
for nth term of A.P.
C
©
𝑎 = 5 − 6(1)
=5−6
= −1
Now, the last term (l) or the nth term is given
𝑎𝑛 = 5 − 6𝑛
So, on substituting the values in the formula for the sum of n terms of an
A.P., we get,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = ( ) [(−1) + 5 − 6𝑛]
2
𝑛
= ( ) [4 − 6𝑛]
2
𝑛
= ( ) (2)[2 − 3𝑛]
2
= (𝑛)(2 − 3𝑛)
Therefore, the sum of the n terms of the given A.P. is (𝑛)(2 − 3𝑛).
Page No 5.51:
Question 4: Find the sum of last ten terms of the A.P.: 8, 10, 12, 14, ....,
T IO S
126.
I
ANSWER:
NO A D
CO N
A
The given A.P is 8, 10, 12, 14,...., 126.
PY
DO U A
a = 8 and d = 2.
When this A.P is reversed, we get the A.P.
T
ED PR
126, 124, 122, 120,....

So, first term becomes 126 and common difference −2.
C
The sum of first 10 terms of this A.P is as follows:

10
©
𝑆10 = [2 × 126 + 9(−2)]

2
= 5[234]
= 1170
Page No 5.51:
Question 5: Find the sum of the first 15 terms of each of the following
sequences having nth term as
(i) 𝑎𝑛 = 3 + 4n
(ii) 𝑏𝑛 = 5 + 2n
(iii) 𝑥𝑛 = 6 − n
(iv) 𝑦𝑛 = 9 − 5n
ANSWER:
(i) Here, we are given an A.P. whose nth term is given by the following
expression, 𝑎𝑛 = 3 + 4n. We need to find the sum of first 15 terms.
T IO S
𝑛
I
2
NO A D
CO N
A
l = the last term
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
The first term (a) will be calculated using 𝑛 = 1 in the given equation
C
©
𝑎 = 3 + 4(1)
=3+4
=7
𝑙 = 𝑎𝑛 = 3 + 4𝑛
A.P., we get,
15
𝑆15 = ( ) [(7) + 3 + 4(15)]
2
15
= ( ) [10 + 60]
2
15
= ( ) (70)
2
= (15)(35)
= 525
Therefore, the sum of the 15 terms of the given A.P. is 𝑆15 = 525.
(ii) Here, we are given an A.P. whose nth term is given by the following
T IO S
expression
I
We need 𝑏𝑛 = 5 + 2n to find the sum of first 15 terms.
NO A D
CO N
A
formula,
PY
DO U A
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = ( ) (𝑎 + 𝑙)
2
T
ED PR

l = the last term
C
©

𝑏 = 5 + 2(1)
=5+2
=7
𝑙 = 𝑏𝑛 = 5 + 2𝑛
A.P., we get,
15
𝑆15 = ( ) [(7) + 5 + 2(15)]
2
15
= ( ) [12 + 30]
2
15
= ( ) (42)
2
= (15)(21)
= 315
T IO S
Therefore, the sum of the 15 terms of the given A.P. is 𝑆𝑛 = 315.
I
(iii) Here, we are given an A.P. whose nth term is given by the following
NO A D
expression, 𝑥𝑛 = 6 − 𝑛. We need to find the sum of first 15 terms.
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
formula,
T
𝑛
ED PR
𝑆𝑛 = ( ) (𝑎 + 𝑙)
2

C
l = the last term

©

The first term (a) will be calculated using 𝑛 = 1in the given equation
𝑥 =6−1
=5
𝑙 = 𝑎𝑛 = 6 − 𝑛
A.P., we get,
15
𝑆15 = ( ) [(5) + 6 − 15]
2
15
= ( ) [11 − 15]
2
15
= ( ) (−4)
2
= (15)(−2)
= −30
T IO S
Therefore, the sum of the 15 terms of the given A.P. is 𝑆15 = −30.
I
(iv) Here, we are given an A.P. whose nth term is given by the following
NO A D
expression, 𝑦𝑛 = 9 − 5n. We need to find the sum of first 15 terms.
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
formula,
T
𝑛
ED PR
𝑆𝑛 = ( ) (𝑎 + 𝑙)
2

C
l = the last term

©

𝑦 = 9 − 5(1)
=9−5
=4
𝑙 = 𝑎𝑛 = 9 − 5𝑛
A.P., we get,
15
𝑆15 = ( ) [(4) + 9 − 5(15)]
2
15
= ( ) [13 − 75]
2
15
= ( ) (−62)
2
= (15)(−31)
= −465
T IO S
I
NO A D
CO N
Page No 5.51:
A
Question 6: Find the sum of first 20 terms of the sequence whose nth term
PY
DO U A
is an = An + B.
T
ED PR
ANSWER:
Here, we are given an A.P. whose nth term is given by the following
C
expression an = An + B. We need to find the sum of first 20 terms.

©
𝑛
2

l = the last term
The first term (a) will be calculated using in the given equation
𝑎 = 𝐴(1) + 𝐵
=𝐴+𝐵
𝑙 = 𝑎𝑛 = 𝐴𝑛 + 𝐵
A.P., we get,
20
𝑆𝑛 = ( ) [(𝐴 + 𝐵 ) + 𝐴(20) + 𝐵]
2
= 10[21𝐴 + 2𝐵 ]
= 210𝐴 + 20𝐵
T IO S
Therefore, the sum of the first 20 terms of the given A.P. is 𝑆20 = 210𝐴 +
20𝐵.
I
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 5.51:
PY
DO U A
Question 7: Find the sum of the first 25 terms of an A.P. whose nth term
T
is given by an = 2 − 3n.
ED PR
ANSWER:
C
©
expression, an = 2 − 3n. We need to find the sum of first 25 terms.

𝑛
2

l = the last term
𝑎 = 2 − 3(1)
=2−3
= −1
𝑙 = 𝑎𝑛 = 2 − 3𝑛
A.P., we get,
25
𝑆25 = ( ) [(−1) + 2 − 3(25)]
T IO S
2
I
25
= ( ) [1 − 75]
NO A D
2
CO N
A
25
= ( ) (−74)
2
PY
DO U A
= (25)(−37)
T
ED PR
= −925
C
©
Page No 5.51:
Question 8: Find the sum of the first 25 terms of an A.P. whose nth term
is given by an = 7 − 3n.
ANSWER:
expression, an = 7 − 3n. We need to find the sum of first 25 terms.
𝑛
2

l = the last term
𝑎 = 7 − 3(1)
=7−3
=4
T IO S
𝑙 = 𝑎𝑛 = 7 − 3𝑛
I
NO A D
CO N
A
A.P., we get,
PY
25
DO U A
𝑆25 = ( ) [(4) + 7 − 3(25)]
2
T
ED PR
25
= ( ) [11 − 75]
2
25
= ( ) (−64)
C
2
©
= (25)(−32)
= −800
Therefore, the sum of the 25 terms of the given A.P. is 𝑆𝑛 = −800.
Page No 5.51:
Question 9: If the sum of a certain number of terms starting from first
term of an A.P. is 25, 22, 19, ..., is 116. Find the last term.
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we have the sum of the certain number of terms of
an A.P. and we need to find the last term for that A.P.
So here, let us first find the number of terms whose sum is 116. For that,
we will use the formula,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

n = number of terms
So for the given A.P (25, 22, 19, … )
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
The sum of n terms 𝑆𝑛 = 116
A
PY
DO U A
= 22 − 25
T
ED PR
= −3
C
A.P., we get,
©
𝑛
116 = [2(25) + (𝑛 − 1)(−3)]
2
𝑛
116 = ( ) [50 + (−3𝑛 + 3)]
2
𝑛
116 = ( ) [53 − 3𝑛]
2
(116)(2) = 53𝑛 − 3𝑛2

So, we get the following quadratic equation,
3𝑛2 − 53𝑛 + 232 = 0
On solving by splitting the middle term, we get,
3𝑛2 − 24𝑛 − 29𝑛 + 232 = 0
3𝑛(𝑛 − 8) − 29(𝑛 − 8) = 0
(3𝑛 − 29)(𝑛 − 8) = 0
Further,
3𝑛 − 29 = 0
29
𝑛=
3
T IO S
Also,
I
𝑛−8=0
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑛=8
PY
Now, since n cannot be a fraction, so the number of terms is 8.
DO U A
T
So, the term is a8
ED PR
𝑎8 = 𝑎1 + 7𝑑
= 25 + 7(−3)
C
©
= 25 − 21
=4
Therefore, the last term of the given A.P. such that the sum of the terms
is 116 is 4.
Page No 5.51:
Question 10:
(i) How many terms of the sequence 18, 16, 14, ... should be taken so that
their sum is zero?
(ii) How many terms are there in the A.P. whose first and fifth terms are
−14 and 2 respectively and the sum of the terms is 40?
(iii) How many terms of the A.P. 9, 17, 25,... must be taken so that their
sum is 636?
(iv) How many terms of the A.P. 63, 60, 57, ... must be taken so that their
sum is 693?
ANSWER:
T IO S
In the given problem, we have the sum of the certain number of terms of
I
an A.P. and we need to find the number of terms.
NO A D
CO N
A
(i) A.P. is
PY
So here, let us find the number of terms whose sum is 0. For that, we will
DO U A
use the formula,

T
ED PR
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

C
©

n = number of terms
The sum of n terms (Sn) = 0
= 16 − 18
= −2
A.P., we get,
𝑛
0 = [2(18) + (𝑛 − 1)(−2)]
2
𝑛
0 = ( ) [36 + (−2𝑛 + 2)]
2
𝑛
0 = ( ) [38 − 2𝑛]
2
Further,
𝑛
=0
2
𝑛=0
Or,
T IO S I
38 − 2𝑛 = 0
NO A D
CO N
−38
𝑛=
A
−2
PY
𝑛 = 19
DO U A
T
Since, the number of terms cannot be zero, the number of terms (n) is 𝑛 =
ED PR
19.
(ii) Here, let us take the common difference as d.
C
©
So, we are given,

First term (a1) = −14
Fifth term (a5) = 2
Sum of terms (Sn) = 40
Now,
𝑎5 = 𝑎1 + 4𝑑
2 = −14 + 4𝑑
2 + 14 = 4𝑑
16
𝑑=
4
𝑑=4
Further, let us find the number of terms whose sum is 40. For that, we will
use the formula,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

n = number of terms
The first term (a1) = −14
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
Common difference of the A.P. (d) = 4
A
PY
DO U A
A.P., we get,
T
𝑛
40 = [2(−14) + (𝑛 − 1)(4)]
ED PR
2
𝑛
40 = ( ) [−28 + (4𝑛 − 4)]
C
2
©
𝑛
40 = ( ) [−32 + 4𝑛]
2
40(2) = −32𝑛 + 4𝑛2

4𝑛2 − 32𝑛 − 80 = 0
𝑛2 − 8𝑛 + 20 = 0
𝑛2 − 10𝑛 + 2𝑛 + 20 = 0
𝑛(𝑛 − 10) + 2(𝑛 − 10) = 0
(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 − 10) = 0
Further,
𝑛+2=0
𝑛 = −2
Or,
𝑛 − 10 = 0
𝑛 = 10
T IO S
Since the number of terms cannot be negative. Therefore, the number of
terms (n) is 𝑛 = 10
I
NO A D
(iii) A.P. is 9, 17, 25, ….
CO N
A
So here, let us find the number of terms whose sum is 636. For that, we
PY
will use the formula,
DO U A
𝑛
T
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
ED PR

C

©
n = number of terms
= 17 – 9
=8
A.P., we get,
𝑛
636 = [2(9) + (𝑛 − 1)(8)]
2
𝑛
636 = ( ) [18 + (8𝑛 − 8)]
2
𝑛
636 = ( ) [10 + 8𝑛]
2
636(2) = 10𝑛 + 8𝑛2

8𝑛2 + 10𝑛 − 1272 = 0
4𝑛2 + 5𝑛 − 636 = 0
T IO S
I
NO A D
4𝑛2 − 48𝑛 + 53𝑛 − 363 = 0
CO N
A
4𝑛(𝑛 − 12) − 53(𝑛 − 12) = 0
PY
DO U A
(4𝑛 − 53)(𝑛 − 12) = 0
T
ED PR
Further,
C
4𝑛 − 53 = 0
©
53
𝑛=
4
Or,
𝑛 − 12 = 0
𝑛 = 12
Since, the number of terms cannot be a fraction, the number of terms (n)
is 12.
(iv) A.P. is 63, 60, 57, …...
So here, let us find the number of terms whose sum is 693. For that, we
will use the formula,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

n = number of terms
T IO S
I
= 60 – 63
NO A D
CO N
=–3
A
PY
DO U A
A.P., we get,
T
ED PR
𝑛
693 = [2(63) + (𝑛 − 1)(−3)]
2
𝑛
693 = ( ) [126 + (−3𝑛 + 3)]
C
2
©
𝑛
693 = ( ) [129 − 3𝑛]
2
693(2) = 129𝑛 + 3𝑛2

3𝑛2 − 129𝑛 + 1386 = 0
𝑛2 − 43𝑛 + 462 = 0
𝑛2 − 22𝑛 − 21𝑛 + 462 = 0
𝑛(𝑛 − 22) − 21(𝑛 − 22) = 0
(𝑛 − 22)(𝑛 − 21) = 0
Further,
𝑛 − 22 = 0
𝑛 = 22
Or,
𝑛 − 21 = 0
𝑛 = 21
Here, 22nd term will be
T IO S I
𝑎22 = 𝑎1 + 21𝑑
NO A D
CO N
= 63 + 21(−3)
A
= 63 − 63
PY
DO U A
=0
T
ED PR
So, the sum of 22 as well as 21 terms is 693. Therefore, the number of

terms (n) is 21 or 22.
C
©
(v)
The given AP is 27, 24, 21, ...
First term of the AP = 27
Common difference = 24 − 27 = −3
Let the sum of the first x terms of the AP be 0.
𝑥
Sum of first x terms = [2 × 27 + (𝑥 − 1)(−3)] = 0
2
𝑥
⇒ [54 + (−3𝑥 + 3)] = 0
2
⇒ 𝑥 (54 − 3𝑥 + 3) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 (57 − 3𝑥 ) = 0
Now, either x = 0 or 57 − 3x = 0.
Since the number of terms cannot be 0, 𝑥 ≠ 0.
∴ 57 − 3x = 0
⇒ 57 = 3x
⇒ x = 19
Thus, the sum of the first 19 terms of the AP is 0.
Page No 5.51:
Question 11: Find the sum of the first
(i) 11 terms of the A.P.2, 6, 10. 14
T IO S I
(ii) 13 terms of the A.P. −6, 0, 6, 12, ...
NO A D
CO N
A
(iii) 51 terms of the A.P. : whose second term is 2 and fourth term is 8.
PY
ANSWER:
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
©

n = number of terms
(i) 2, 6, 10, 14, …... To 11 terms.
=6−2
=4
11
𝑆𝑛 = [2(2) + (11 − 1)(4)]
2
11
= ( ) [4 + (10)(4)]
2
11
= ( ) [4 + 40]
2
11
= ( ) [44]
2
T IO S
= 242
I
NO A D
CO N
A
(ii) -6, 0, 6, 12, …. To 13 terms.
PY
DO U A
T
= 0 − (−6)
ED PR
=6
C
©

13
𝑆𝑛 = [2(−6) + (13 − 1)(6)]
2
13
= ( ) [−12 + (12)(6)]
2
13
= ( ) [−12 + 72]
2
13
= ( ) [60]
2
= 390
(iii) 51 terms of an A.P whose 𝑎2 = 2 and 𝑎4 = 8
Now,
𝑎2 = 𝑎 + 𝑑
2=𝑎+𝑑 … (1)
Also,
𝑎4 = 𝑎 + 3𝑑
8 = 𝑎 + 3𝑑
T IO S
... (2)
I
Subtracting (1) from (2), we get
NO A D
CO N
2𝑑 = 6
A
𝑑=3
PY
DO U A
Further substituting 𝑑 = 3 in (1), we get

T
ED PR
2=𝑎+3
𝑎 = −1
C
©

51
𝑆𝑛 = [2(−1) + (51 − 1)(3)]
2
51
= ( ) [−2 + (50)(3)]
2
51
= ( ) [−2 + 150]
2
51
= ( ) [148]
2
= 3774
Page No 5.51:
Question 12: Find the sum of
(i) the first 15 multiples of 8
(ii) the first 40 positive integers divisible by (a) 3 (b) 5 (c) 6.
T IO S
(iii) all 3 − digit natural numbers which are divisible by 13.
I
NO A D
(iv) all 3 − digit natural numbers, which are multiples of 11.
CO N
A
(v) all 2 − digit natural numbers divisible by 4.
PY
DO U A
T
(vi) first 8 multiples of 3.
ED PR
ANSWER:
C
©
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

n = number of terms
(i) First 15 multiples of 8.
So, we know that the first multiple of 8 is 8 and the last multiple of 8 is
120.
Also, all these terms will form an A.P. with the common difference of 8.
So here,
First term (a) = 8
Now, using the formula for the sum of n terms, we get
15
𝑆𝑛 = [2(8) + (15 − 1)8]
2
T IO S
15
= ( ) [16 + (14)8]
2
I
NO A D
15
= ( ) [16 + 112]
CO N
2
A
15
= ( ) [128]
PY
DO U A
2
T
= 960
ED PR
Therefore, the sum of the first 15 multiples of 8 is 960

C
(ii) (a) First 40 positive integers divisible by 3

©
120.
So here,
First term (a) = 3
40
𝑆𝑛 = [2(3) + (40 − 1)3]
2
= 20[6 + (39)3]
= 20[6 + 117]
= 20[123]
= 2460
Therefore, the sum of first 40 multiples of 3 is 2460
(b) First 40 positive integers divisible by 5
T IO S
200.
I
NO A D
CO N
A
So here,
PY
DO U A
First term (a) = 5
T
ED PR

C

©
40
𝑆𝑛 = [2(5) + (40 − 1)5]
2
= 20[10 + (39)5]
= 20[10 + 195]
= 20[205]
= 4100
(c) First 40 positive integers divisible by 6
240.
So here,
First term (a) = 6
40
T IO S
𝑆𝑛 = [2(6) + (40 − 1)6]
2
I
= 20[12 + (39)6]
NO A D
CO N
= 20[12 + 234]
A
PY
= 20[246]
DO U A
T
= 4920
ED PR

(iii) All 3-digit natural number which are divisible by 13
C
©
So, we know that the first 3-digit multiple of 13 is 104 and the last 3-digit
multiple of 13 is 988.
So here,
Last term (l) = 988
So, here the first step is to find the total number of terms. Let us take the
number of terms as n.
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
988 = 104 + (𝑛 − 1)13
988 = 104 + 13𝑛 − 13
988 = 91 + 13𝑛
988−91
T IO S
𝑛=
13
I
897
𝑛=
NO A D
CO N
13
A
𝑛 = 69
PY
DO U A
T
69
ED PR
𝑆𝑛 = [2(104) + (69 − 1)13]

2
69
= [208 + (68)13]
C
2
©
69
= (208 + 884)
2

69
𝑆𝑛 = (1092)
2
= 69(546)
= 37674
Therefore, the sum of all the 3 digit multiples of 13 is 𝑆𝑛 = 37674.
(iv) all 3-digit natural numbers, which are multiples of 11.
We know that the first 3 digit number multiple of 11 will be 110.

Last 3-digit number multiple of 11 will be 990.
So here,
Last term (l) = 990
Now, as we know,
T IO S
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
I
NO A D
CO N
A
990 = 110 + (𝑛 − 1)11
PY
DO U A
990 = 110 + 11𝑛 − 11
T
ED PR
990 = 99 + 11𝑛
891 = 11𝑛
C
81 = 𝑛
©

81
𝑆𝑛 = [2(110) + (81 − 1)11]
2
81
𝑆𝑛 = [220 + 80 × 11]
2
81
𝑆𝑛 = × 1100
2
𝑆𝑛 = 81 × 550
𝑆𝑛 = 44550
Therefore, the sum of all the 3 digit multiples of 11 is 44550.
(v) 2-digit no. divisible by 4 are 12,16,20,........,96

We can see it forms an AP as the common difference is 4 and the
first term is 4.
To find no. of terms n,
we know that
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
96 = 12 + (𝑛 − 1)4
84 = (𝑛 − 1)4
21 = 𝑛 − 1
T IO S
22 = 𝑛
I
Now, NO A D
CO N
A
First term (a) = 12
PY
DO U A
T
Common difference (d) =4
ED PR

22
C
𝑆22 = [2(12) + (22 − 1)4]

2
©
𝑆22 = 11[24 + 84]

𝑆22 = 1188
Hence, the sum of 22 terms is 1188 which are divisible by 4.
(vi)
First 8 multiples of 3 are { 3, 6, 9...,24}
We can observe they are in AP with first term (a) = 3 and last term (l) =
24 and number of terms are 8.
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = (𝑎 + 𝑙)
2
8
⇒ 𝑆𝑛 = (3 + 24)
2
𝑆8 = 4 × (3 + 24) = 108
Hence, the sum of the first 8 multiples of 3 is 108.
T IO S I
Page No 5.51:
NO A D
CO N
Question 13: Find the sum:
A
PY
(i) 2 + 4 + 6 ... + 200
DO U A
T
ED PR
(ii) 3 + 11 + 19 + ... + 803
(iii) (−5) + (−8)+ (−11) + ... + (−230)

C
©
(iv) 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + ... + 199
1
(v) 7 + 10 +14+...+84
2
(vi) 34 + 32 + 30 + ... + 10
(vii) 25 + 28 + 31 + ... + 100
1 1
(viii) 18 + 15 +13+...+ (−49 )
2 2
ANSWER:
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

n = number of terms
T IO S
(i) 2 + 4 + 6 + ⋯ + 200
I
NO A D
CO N
A
=6–4
PY
DO U A
=2
T
ED PR
So here,
First term (a) = 2
C
Last term (l) = 200

©

Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
200 = 2 + (𝑛 − 1)2
200 = 2 + 2𝑛 − 2
200 = 2𝑛
200
𝑛=
2
𝑛 = 100
100
𝑆𝑛 = [2(2) + (100 − 1)2]
2
= 50[4 + (99)2]
= 50(4 + 198)
T IO S
I
NO A D
𝑆𝑛 = 50(202)
CO N
A
= 10100
PY
DO U A
Therefore, the sum of the A.P is 𝑆𝑛 = 10100
T
ED PR
(ii) 3 + 11 + 19 + ⋯ + 803
C

©
= 19 – 11
=8
So here,
First term (a) = 3
Last term (l) = 803
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
803 = 3 + (𝑛 − 1)8
803 = 3 + 8𝑛 − 8
803 + 5 = 8𝑛
808 = 8𝑛
808
T IO S
𝑛=
8
I
𝑛 = 101
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
101
𝑆𝑛 = [2(3) + (101 − 1)8]
DO U A
2
T
101
ED PR
= [6 + (100)8]
2
101
= (806)
C
2
©
= 101(403)
= 40703
(iii) (−5) + (−8) + (−11) + ⋯ + (−230)
= −8 − (−5)
= −8 + 5
= −3
So here,
Last term (l) = −230
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
T IO S
−203 = −5 + (𝑛 − 1)(−3)
I
NO A D
−203 = −5 − 3𝑛 + 3
CO N
A
−203 + 2 = −3𝑛
PY
DO U A
−228
=𝑛
−3
T
ED PR
𝑛 = 76
C
©
76
𝑆𝑛 = [2(−5) + (76 − 1)(−3)]
2
= 38[−10 + (75)(−3)]
= 38(−10 − 225)
= 38(−235)
= −8930
Therefore, the sum of the A.P is 𝑆𝑛 = −8930
(iv) 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + ⋯ + 199
=3–1
=2
So here,
First term (a) = 1
Last term (l) = 199
T IO S
I
NO A D
Now, as we know,
CO N
A
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
PY
DO U A
T
199 = 1 + (𝑛 − 1)(2)
ED PR
199 = 1 + 2𝑛 − 3
C
199 + 1 = 2𝑛
©
200
𝑛=
2
𝑛 = 100
100
𝑆𝑛 = [2(1) + (100 − 1)2]
2
= 50[2 + (99)2]
= 50(2 + (99)2)
= 50(2 + 198)
𝑆𝑛 = 50(200)
= 10000
1
(v) 7 + 10 + 14 + ⋯ + 84
2
Common difference of the A.P is

(d) =
1
= 10 − 7
2
T IO S
21
= −7
I
2
21−14 NO A D
CO N
=
A
2
7
PY
=
DO U A
2
T
So here,
ED PR
First term (a) = 7

C
Last term (l) = 84

©
7
Common difference (d) =
2
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
7
84 = 7 + (𝑛 − 1)
2
7𝑛 7
84 = 1 + −
2 2
14−7 7𝑛
84 = +
2 2
84(2) = 7 + 7𝑛
Further solving for n,
7𝑛 = 168 − 7
161
𝑛=
7
𝑛 = 23
T IO S
23 7
𝑆𝑛 = [2(7) + (23 − 1) ]
I
2 2
= NO A D
23
[14 + (22) ]
7
CO N
2 2
A
23
= (14 + 77)
PY
DO U A
2
23
T
= (91)
ED PR
= −8930
C

©
2093
𝑆𝑛 =
2
2093
Therefore, the sum of the A.P is 𝑆𝑛 =
2
(vi) 34 + 32 + 30 + ⋯ + 10

= 32 – 34
=–2
So here,
First term (a) = 34
Last term (l) = 10
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
T IO S
10 = 34 + (𝑛 − 1)(−2)
I
NO A D
10 = 34 − 2𝑛 + 2
CO N
A
10 = 36 − 2𝑛
PY
DO U A
10 − 36 = −2𝑛
T
ED PR

−2𝑛 = −26
C
−26
𝑛=
©
−2
𝑛 = 13
13
𝑆𝑛 = [2(34) + (13 − 1)(−2)]
2
13
= [68 + (12)(−2)]
2
13
= (68 − 24)
2
13
= (44)
2

𝑆𝑛 = 13(2)
= 286
(vii) 25 + 28 + 31 + ⋯ + 100
= 28 – 25
=3
T IO S
So here,
I
First term (a) = 25
NO A D
CO N
Last term (l) = 100
A
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Now, as we know,
C
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
©

100 = 25 + (𝑛 − 1)(3)
100 = 25 + 3𝑛 − 3
100 = 22 + 3𝑛
100 − 22 = 3𝑛
78 = 3𝑛
78
𝑛=
3
𝑛 = 26
26
𝑆𝑛 = [2(25) + (26 − 1)(3)]
2
= 13[50 + (25)(3)]
= 13(50 + 75)
= 13(125)
T IO S
𝑆𝑛 = 1625
I
Therefore, the sum of the A.P is 𝑆𝑛 = 1625.
NO A D
CO N
A
1 1
PY
(viii) 18 + 15 + 13 + ⋯ + (−49 )
DO U A
2 2
T
ED PR
1
= 15 − 18
2
C
31
= − 18
©
2
31−36
=
2
−5
=
2
So here,
First term (a) = 18
1 −99
Last term (l) = −49 =
2 2
−5
2
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
−99 −5
= 18 + (𝑛 − 1)
2 2
−99 −5 5
= 18 + ( ) 𝑛 −
2 2 2
5 5 99
𝑛 = 18 + +
T IO S
2 2 2
I
5 104
𝑛 = 18 +
NO A D
2 2
CO N
𝑛 = 28
A
PY
DO U A
28
T −5
𝑆𝑛 = [2 × 18 + (28 − 1) ( )]
ED PR
2 2
−5
𝑆𝑛 = 14 [36 + 27 ( )]
2
C
©
𝑆𝑛 = −441
Therefore, the sum of the A.P is 𝑆𝑛 = −441
Page No 5.52:
Question 14: The first and the last terms of an A.P. are 17 and 350
respectively. If the common difference is 9, how many terms are there and
what is their sum?
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we have the first and the last term of an A.P. along
with the common difference of the A.P. Here, we need to find the number
of terms of the A.P. and the sum of all the terms.
Here,
The first term of the A.P (a) = 17
The last term of the A.P (l) = 350
The common difference of the A.P. = 9
Let the number of terms be n.
So, as we know that,
𝑙 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
T IO S I
We get,
NO A D
CO N
350 = 17 + (𝑛 − 1)9
A
350 = 17 + 9𝑛 − 9
PY
DO U A
350 = 8 + 9𝑛
T
ED PR
350 − 8 = 9𝑛
Further solving this,
C
342
©
𝑛=
9
𝑛 = 38
Using the above values in the formula,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = ( ) (𝑎 + 𝑙)
2
38
= ( ) (17 + 350)
2
= (19)(367)
= 6973
Therefore, the number of terms is 𝑛 = 38 and the sum 𝑆𝑛 = 6973.
Page No 5.52:
Question 15: The third term of an A.P. is 7 and the seventh term exceeds
three times the third term by 2. Find the first term, the common difference
and the sum of first 20 terms.
ANSWER:
In the given problem, let us take the first term as a and the common
difference as d.
T IO S
𝑎3 = 7 … (1)
I
𝑎7 = 3𝑎3 + 2 … (2)
NO A D
CO N
So, using (1) in (2), we get,
A
𝑎7 = 3(7) + 2
PY
DO U A
= 21 + 2
T
ED PR
= 23 … (3)
Also, we know,
C
©
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
𝑎3 = 𝑎 + (3 − 1)𝑑
7 = 𝑎 + 2𝑑 (Using 1)
𝑎 = 7 − 2𝑑 … (4)
Similarly, for the 7th term (n = 7),
𝑎7 = 𝑎 + (7 − 1)𝑑
24 = 𝑎 + 6𝑑 (Using 3)
𝑎 = 24 − 6𝑑 … (5)
Subtracting (4) from (5), we get,
𝑎 − 𝑎 = (23 − 6𝑑 ) − (7 − 2𝑑)
0 = 23 − 6𝑑 − 7 + 2𝑑
0 = 16 − 4𝑑
4𝑑 = 16
𝑑=4
T IO S
Now, to find a, we substitute the value of 𝑑 in (4),
I
𝑎 = 7 − 2(4)
NO A D
CO N
𝑎 =7−8
A
𝑎 = −1
PY
DO U A
So, for the given A.P 𝑑 = 4 and 𝑎 = −1

T
ED PR
So, to find the sum of first 20 terms of this A.P., we use the following
formula for the sum of n terms of an A.P.,
C
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
©

n = number of terms
So, using the formula for n = 20, we get,
20
𝑆𝑛 = [2(−1) + (20 − 1)(4)]
2
= (10)[−2 + (19)(4)]
= (10)[−2 + 76]
= (10)[74]
= 740
Therefore, the sum of first 20 terms for the given A.P. is 𝑆𝑛 = 740.
Page No 5.52:
Question 16: The first term of an A.P. is 2 and the last term is 50. The
sum of all these terms is 442. Find the common difference.
ANSWER:
T IO S
with the sum of all the terms of A.P. Here, we need to find the common
I
NO A D
CO N
Here,
A
PY
DO U A

T
ED PR
Sum of all the terms 𝑆𝑛 = 442

Let the common difference of the A.P. be 𝑑.
C
©
So, let us first find the number of the terms (n) using the formula,
𝑛
442 = ( ) (2 + 50)
2
𝑛
442 = ( ) (52)
2
442 = (𝑛)(26)
442
𝑛=
26
𝑛 = 17
Now, to find the common difference of the A.P. we use the following
formula,
𝑙 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
We get,
50 = 2 + (17 − 1)𝑑
50 = 2 + 17𝑑 − 𝑑
50 = 2 + 16𝑑
50−2
=𝑑
16
Further, solving for 𝑑,
T IO S
48
𝑑=
I
16
𝑑=3 NO A D
CO N
A
Therefore the common difference of the A.P 𝑑 = 3.
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 5.52:
Question 17: If 12th term of an A.P. is −13 and the sum of the first four
C
terms is 24, what is the sum of first 10 terms.

©
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we need to find the sum of first 10 terms of an A.P.
Let us take the first term 𝑎 and the common difference as d
𝑎12 = −13
𝑆4 = 24
Also, we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
𝑎12 = 𝑎 + (12 − 1)𝑑
−13 = 𝑎 + 11𝑑
𝑎 = −13 − 11𝑑 … (1)
So, as we know the formula for the sum of n terms of an A.P. is given by,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

T IO S
n = number of terms
I
NO A D
CO N
4
A
𝑆4 = [2𝑎 + (4 − 1)𝑑]
2
PY
DO U A
24 = (2)[2𝑎 + (3)(𝑑)]
T
24 = 4𝑎 + 6𝑑
ED PR
4𝑎 = 24 − 6𝑑
C
6
𝑎 =6− 𝑑 … (2)
©

6
𝑎 − 𝑎 = (6 − 𝑑) − (−13 − 11𝑑)
4
6
0 = 6 − 𝑑 + 13 + 11𝑑
4
6
0 = 19 + 11𝑑 − 𝑑
4
44𝑑−6𝑑
0 = 19 +
4
On further simplifying for 𝑑, we get,

38𝑑
0 = 19 +
4
19
−19 = 𝑑
2
−19(2)
𝑑=
19
𝑑 = −2
𝑎 = −13 − 11(−2)
𝑎 = −13 + 22
T IO S
𝑎=9
I
NO A D
Now, using the formula for the sum of n terms of an A.P. for n = 10, we
CO N
A
get,
PY
10
DO U A
𝑆𝑛 = [2(9) + (10 − 1)(−2)]
2
T
ED PR
= (5)[18 + (9)(−2)]
= (5)[18 − 18]
C
= (5)[0]
©
=0
Therefore, the sum of first 10 terms for the given A.P. is 𝑆𝑛 = 0.
Page No 5.52:
1 2
Question 18: Find the sum of n terms of the series (4 − ) + (4 − ) +
𝑛 𝑛
3
(4 − ) +..........
𝑛
ANSWER:
1 2 3
Let the given series be S (4 − ) + (4 − ) + (4 − ) +..........
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
1 2 3
= [4 + 4 + 4 + ⋯ ] − [ + + + ⋯ ]
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
1
= 4[ 1 + 1 + 1 + ⋯ ] − [ 1 + 2 + 3 + ⋯ ]
𝑛
= 𝑆1 − 𝑆2
𝑆1 = 4[1 + 1 + 1 + ⋯ ]
𝑎 = 1, 𝑑 = 0
𝑛 𝑛
𝑆1 = 4 × [2 × 1 + (𝑛 − 1) × 0] (𝑆𝑛 = (2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑))
T IO S
2 2
I
⇒ 𝑆1 = 4𝑛
NO A D
CO N
1
A
𝑆2 = [1 + 2 + 3 + ⋯ ]
𝑛
PY
DO U A
𝑎 = 1, 𝑑 = 2 − 1 = 1
T
1 𝑛
𝑆2 = × [2 × 1 + (𝑛 − 1) × 1]
ED PR
𝑛 2
1
= [ 2 + 𝑛 − 1]
C
2
©
1
= [1 + 𝑛 ]
2
1
Thus, 𝑆 = 𝑆1 − 𝑆2 = 4𝑛 − [1 + 𝑛]
2
8𝑛−1−𝑛 7𝑛−1
𝑆= =
2 2
7𝑛−1
Hence, the sum of n terms of the series is .
2
Page No 5.52:
Question 19:
In an A.P., if the first term is 22, the common difference is −4 and the sum
to n terms is 64, find n.
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we need to find the number of terms of an A.P. Let
us take the number of terms as n.
𝑎 = 22
𝑑 = −4
𝑆𝑛 = 64
T IO S
I
NO A D
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
CO N
2
A
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
n = number of terms
C
𝑛
©
𝑆𝑛 = [2(22) + (𝑛 − 1)(−4)]
2
𝑛
64 = [44 − 4𝑛 + 4]
2
64(2) = 𝑛(48 − 4𝑛)

128 = 48𝑛 − 4𝑛2
Further rearranging the terms, we get a quadratic equation,
4𝑛2 − 48𝑛 + 128 = 0
On taking 4 common, we get,
𝑛2 − 12𝑛 + 32 = 0
Further, on solving the equation for n by splitting the middle term, we get,
𝑛2 − 12𝑛 + 32 = 0
𝑛2 − 8𝑛 − 4𝑛 + 32 = 0
𝑛(𝑛 − 8) − 4(𝑛 − 8) = 0
(𝑛 − 8)(𝑛 − 4) = 0
So, we get,
(𝑛 − 8) = 0
T IO S
𝑛=8
I
Also,
NO A D
CO N
(𝑛 − 4) = 0
A
𝑛=4
PY
DO U A
Therefore, 𝑛 = 4 or 8
T
ED PR
Page No 5.52:
C
©
Question 20: In an A.P., if the 5th and 12th terms are 30 and 65
respectively, what is the sum of first 20 terms?
ANSWER:
difference d
𝑎5 = 30 … (1)
𝑎12 = 65 … (2)
Also, we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
𝑎5 = 𝑎 + (5 − 1)𝑑
30 = 𝑎 + 4𝑑 (Using 1)
𝑎 = 30 − 4𝑑 … (3)
𝑎12 = 𝑎 + (12 − 1)𝑑
65 = 𝑎 + 11𝑑
T IO S
(Using 2)
I
𝑎 = 65 − 11𝑑 … (4)
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑎 − 𝑎 = (65 − 11𝑑) − (30 − 4𝑑)
PY
DO U A
0 = 65 − 11𝑑 − 30 + 4𝑑
T
ED PR
0 = 35 − 7𝑑
7𝑑 = 35
C
©
𝑑=5
𝑎 = 30 − 4(5)
𝑎 = 30 − 20
𝑎 = 10
So, for the given A.P 𝑑 = 5 and 𝑎 = 1
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

n = number of terms
20
𝑆20 = [2(10) + (20 − 1)(5)]
2
= (10)[20 + (19)(5)]
= (10)[20 − 95]
T IO S
= (10)[115]
I
= 1150
NO A D
CO N
A
Therefore, the sum of first 20 terms for the given A.P. is 𝑆20 = 1150.
PY
DO U A
T
Page No 5.52:
ED PR
Question 21: Find the sum of first 51 terms of an A.P. whose second and
third terms are 14 and 18 respectively.
C
©
ANSWER:
difference as d.
𝑎2 = 14 … (1)
𝑎3 = 18 … (2)
Also, we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
For the 2nd term (n = 2),
𝑎2 = 𝑎 + (2 − 1)𝑑
14 = 𝑎 + 𝑑 (Using 1)
𝑎 = 14 − 𝑑 … (3)
Similarly, for the 3rd term (n = 3),
𝑎3 = 𝑎 + (3 − 1)𝑑
18 = 𝑎 + 2𝑑 (Using 2)
𝑎 = 18 − 2𝑑 … (4)
T IO S
I
𝑎 − 𝑎 = (18 − 2𝑑 ) − (14 − 𝑑)
NO A D
CO N
0 = 18 − 2𝑑 − 14 + 𝑑
A
0=4−𝑑
PY
DO U A
𝑑=4
T
ED PR

𝑎 = 14 − 4
C
©
𝑎 = 10
So, for the given A.P 𝑑 = 4 and 𝑎 = 10
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

n = number of terms
51
𝑆51 = [2(10) + (51 − 1)(4)]
2
51
= [20 + (50)(4)]
2
51
= [20 − 200]
2
51
= [220]
2
= 51(110)
T IO S
= 5610
I
Therefore, the sum of first 51 terms for the given A.P. is 𝑆51 = 5610.
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
Page No 5.52:
DO U A
T
Question 22: If the sum of 7 terms of an A.P. is 49 and that of 17 terms
ED PR
is 289, find the sum of n terms.

ANSWER:
C
©
In the given problem, we need to find the sum of n terms of an A.P. Let
us take the first term as a and the common difference as d.
𝑆7 = 49 … (1)
𝑆17 = 289 … (2)
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

n = number of terms
7
𝑆7 = [2(𝑎) + (7 − 1)(𝑑)]
2
7
49 = ( ) [2𝑎 + (6)(𝑑)] (Using 1)
2
14𝑎+42𝑑
49 =
2
49 = 7𝑎 + 21𝑑
T IO S
Further simplifying for a, we get,
I
49−21𝑑
𝑎=
NO A D
7
CO N
𝑎 = 7 − 3𝑑 … (3)
A
PY
Also, using the formula for n = 17, we get,
DO U A
17
T
𝑆17 = [2(𝑎) + (17 − 1)(𝑑)]
ED PR
2
17
289 = ( ) [2𝑎 + (16)(𝑑)] (Using 2)
2
C
(17)(2)𝑎+(17)(16)𝑑
©
289 =
2
289 = 17𝑎 + 136𝑑

Further simplifying for a, we get,
289−136𝑑
𝑎=
17
𝑎 = 17 − 8𝑑 … (4)
𝑎 − 𝑎 = (17 − 8𝑑 ) − (7 − 3𝑑)
0 = 17 − 8𝑑 − 7 + 3𝑑
0 = 10 − 5𝑑
5𝑑 = 10
𝑑=2
𝑎 = 7 − 3(2)
𝑎 =7−6
T IO S
𝑎=1
I
Now, using the formula for the sum of n terms of an A.P., we get,
NO A D
CO N
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2(1) + (𝑛 − 1)(2)]
A
2
𝑛
PY
= [2 + 2𝑛 − 2]
DO U A
2
T
𝑛
ED PR
= ( ) (2𝑛)
2
= 𝑛2
C
Therefore, the sum of first n terms for the given A.P. is 𝑆𝑛 = 𝑛2 .

©
Page No 5.52:
Question 23: The first term of an A.P. is 5, the last term is 45 and the sum
is 400. Find the number of terms and the common difference.
ANSWER:
with the sum of all the terms of A.P. Here, we need to find the number of
terms and the common difference of the A.P.
Here,
𝑛
400 = ( ) (5 + 45)
2
𝑛
400 = ( ) (50)
2
T IO S
400 = (𝑛)(25)
I
NO A D
400
CO N
𝑛=
25
A
𝑛 = 16
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
formula,
𝑙 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
C
We get,
©
45 = 5 + (16 − 1)𝑑
45 = 5 + (15) − 𝑑
45 = 5 + 15𝑑
45−2
=𝑑
15

40
𝑑=
15
8
𝑑=
3
Therefore, the number of terms is 𝑛 = 16 and the common difference of
8
the A.P is 𝑑 = .
3
Page No 5.52:
Question 24: In an A.P. the first term is 8, nth term is 33 and the sum to
first n terms is 123. Find n and d, the common differences.
ANSWER:
T IO S
In the given problem, we have the first and the nth term of an A.P. along
I
NO A D
with the sum of the n terms of A.P. Here, we need to find the number of
CO N
A
Here,
PY
DO U A

T
ED PR
The nth term of the A.P (l) = 33

C
©

𝑛
123 = ( ) (8 + 33)
2
𝑛
123 = ( ) (41)
2
(123)(2)
=𝑛
4
246
𝑛=
41
𝑛=6
formula,
𝑙 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
We get,
33 = 8 + (6 − 1)𝑑
33 = 8 + (5) − 𝑑
33−8
=𝑑
5
T IO S
25
𝑑=
I
5
𝑑=5 NO A D
CO N
A
PY
the A.P. 𝑑 = 5.
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 5.52:
Question 25: In an A.P., the first term is 22, nth term is −11 and the sum
C
©
to first n terms is 66. Find n and d, the common difference

ANSWER:
In the given problem, we have the first and the nth term of an A.P. along
with the sum of the n terms of A.P. Here, we need to find the number of
Here,
The nth term of the A.P (l) = −11
𝑛
66 = ( ) [22 + (−11)]
2
𝑛
66 = ( ) (22 − 11)
2
(66)(2) = (𝑛)(11)
Further, solving for n
(66)(2)
𝑛=
T IO S
11
I
𝑛 = (6)(2)
NO A D
CO N
𝑛 = 12
A
PY
DO U A
formula,
T
ED PR
𝑙 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
We get,
C
−11 = 22 + (12 − 1)𝑑

©
−11 = 22 + (11)𝑑
−11−22
=𝑑
11

−33
𝑑=
11
𝑑 = −3
the A.P. 𝑑 = −3.
Page No 5.52:
respectively. If sum of all its terms is 420, find its common difference.
ANSWER:
𝑛
We know that, sum of first n terms = Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d]
2
Also, nth term = an = a + (n − 1)d
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A
a = 7, an = 49 and Sn = 420
PY
DO U A
Now,
T
an = a + (n − 1)d
ED PR
⇒ 49 = 7 + (n − 1)d
⇒ 42 = nd − d
C
⇒ nd − d = 42 ....(1)
©
Also,
𝑛
Sn = [2 × 7 + (n − 1)d]
2
⇒ 420 = n2n2[14 + nd − d]
⇒ 840 = n[14 + 42] [From (1)]
⇒ 56n = 840
⇒ n = 15 ....(2)
On substituting (2) in (1), we get
nd − d = 42
⇒ (15 − 1)d = 42
⇒ 14d = 42
⇒d=3
Thus, common difference of the given A.P. is 3.
Page No 5.52:
respectively. If the sum of all its terms is 400, find its common difference.
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑛
2
PY
DO U A

T
ED PR

C
©
a = 5, an = 45 and Sn = 400
Now,
an = a + (n − 1)d
⇒ 45 = 5 + (n − 1)d
⇒ 40 = nd − d
⇒ nd − d = 40 ....(1)
Also,
𝑛
Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d]
2
⇒ 400 = n2n2[10 + nd − d]
⇒ 800 = n[10 + 40] [From (1)]
⇒ 50n = 800
⇒ n = 16 ....(2)
nd − d = 40
⇒ (16 − 1)d = 40
⇒ 15d = 40
8
⇒d=
3
T IO S
8
I
Thus, common difference of the given A.P. is .
3
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 5.52:
PY
DO U A
Question 28: The sum of first 9 terms of an A.P. is 162. The ratio of its
T
ED PR
6th term to its 13th term is 1 : 2. Find the first and 15th term of the A.P.
Disclaimer: There is a misprint in the question, 'the sum of 9 terms'

C
should be written instead of 'the sum of q terms'.

©
ANSWER:
𝑛
2
𝑎6 1
Sq = 162 and =
𝑎13 2
Now,
𝑎6 1
=
𝑎13 2
𝑎+(6−1)𝑑 1
⇒ =
𝑎+(13−1)𝑑 2
𝑎+5𝑑 1
⇒ =
𝑎+12𝑑 2
⇒ 2𝑎 + 10𝑑 = 𝑎 + 12𝑑
⇒ 2𝑎 − 𝑎 = 12𝑑 − 10𝑑
T IO S
⇒ 𝑎 = 2𝑑
I
.....(1)
Also,
NO A D
CO N
9
A
S9 = [2a + (9 − 1)d]
2
PY
9
⇒ 162 = [2(2d) + 8d]
DO U A
[From (1)]
2
1
T
⇒ 18 = [12d]
ED PR
2
⇒ 18 = 6d
⇒d=3
C
⇒a=2×3 [From (1)]

©
⇒a=6
Thus, the first term of the A.P. is 6.
Now,
a15 = 6 + (15 − 1)3

= 6 + 42
= 48
Thus, 15th term of the A.P. is 48.

Page No 5.52:
Question 29: If the 10th term of an A.P. is 21 and the sum of its first 10
terms is 120, find its nth term.
ANSWER:
𝑛
2
and n term = an = a + (n − 1)d
T IO S
th
I
Now,
NO A D
CO N
10
[2a + (10 − 1)d]
A
S10 =
2
PY
⇒ 120 = 5(2a + 9d)
DO U A
⇒ 24 = 2a + 9d
T
⇒ 2a + 9d = 24
ED PR
....(1)
Also,
C
a10 = a + (10 − 1)d

©
⇒ 21 = a + 9d
⇒ 2a + 18d = 42 ....(2)

18d − 9d = 42 − 24
⇒ 9d = 18
⇒d=2
⇒ 2a = 24 − 9d [From (1)]
⇒ 2a = 24 − 9 × 2
⇒ 2a = 24 − 18
⇒ 2a = 6
⇒a=3
Also,
an = a + (n − 1)d
= 3 + (n − 1)2
= 3 + 2n − 2
= 1 + 2n
Thus, nth term of this A.P. is 1 + 2n.
T IO S
Page No 5.52:
I
Question 30: The sum of the first 7 terms of an A.P. is 63 and the sum of
NO A D
CO N
its next 7 terms is 161. Find the 28th term of this A.P.
A
ANSWER:
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
𝑛
2
C
©
It is given that sum of the first 7 terms of an A.P. is 63.

And sum of next 7 terms is 161.
∴ Sum of first 14 terms = Sum of first 7 terms + sum of next 7 terms
= 63 + 161 = 224
Now,
7
S7 = [2a + (7 − 1)d]
2
⇒ 63 = 7272(2a + 6d)
⇒ 18 = 2a + 6d
⇒ 2a + 6d = 18 ....(1)
Also,
14
S14 = [2a + (14 − 1)d]
2
⇒ 224 = 7(2a + 13d)
⇒ 32 = 2a + 13d
⇒ 2a + 13d = 32 ....(2)

13d − 6d = 32 − 18
⇒ 7d = 14
⇒d=2
⇒ 2a = 18 − 6d [From (1)]
T IO S
⇒ 2a = 18 − 6 × 2
I
⇒ 2a = 18 − 12
NO A D
CO N
⇒ 2a = 6
A
⇒a=3
PY
DO U A

T
ED PR
⇒ a28 = 3 + (28 − 1)2

= 3 + 27 × 2
= 57
C
©
Thus, 28th term of this A.P. is 57.
Page No 5.52:
Question 31: The sum of first seven terms of an A.P. is 182. If its 4th and
the 17th terms are in the ratio 1: 5, find the A.P.
ANSWER:
𝑛
2
𝑆7 = 182
7
⇒ [2𝑎 + (7 − 1)𝑑] = 182
2
1
⇒ (2𝑎 + 6𝑑) = 26
2
⇒ 𝑎 + 3𝑑 = 26
T IO S
⇒ 𝑎 = 26 − 3𝑑 ....(1)
I
NO A D
CO N
Also,
A
𝑎4 1
PY
=
DO U A
𝑎17 5
T
𝑎+(4−1)𝑑 1
ED PR
⇒ =
𝑎+(17−1)𝑑 5
𝑎+3𝑑 1
⇒ =
C
𝑎+16𝑑 5
©
⇒ 5(𝑎 + 3𝑑) = 𝑎 + 16𝑑

⇒ 5𝑎 + 15𝑑 = 𝑎 + 16𝑑
⇒ 5𝑎 − 𝑎 = 16𝑑 − 15𝑑
⇒ 4𝑎 = 𝑑 .....(2)
𝑎 = 26 − 3(4𝑎)
⇒ 𝑎 = 26 − 12𝑎
⇒ 12𝑎 + 𝑎 = 26
⇒ 13𝑎 = 26
⇒𝑎=2
⇒𝑑 =4×2 [𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 (2)]
⇒𝑑=8
Thus, the A.P. is 2, 10, 18, 26, ......
T IO S
Page No 5.52:
I
Question 32: The nth term of an A.P is given by (−4n + 15), Find the sum
NO A D
CO N
of first 20 terms of this A.P.
A
ANSWER:
PY
DO U A
𝑎𝑛 = −4𝑛 + 15
T
ED PR
⇒ 𝑎1 = −4 + 15 = 11
Also, 𝑎2 = −8 + 15 = 7
C
©
Common difference, 𝑑 = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 7 − 11 = −4
20
Now, 𝑆20 = [2 × 11 + (20 − 1)(−4)]
2
= 10(22 − 76)
= −540
Page No 5.52:
Question 33: In an A.P., the sum of first ten terms is −150 and the sum
of its next ten terms is −550. Find the A.P.
ANSWER:
Here, we are given 𝑆10 = −150 and sum of the next ten terms is −550.
Let us take the first term of the A.P. as a and the common difference as d.
So, let us first find a10. For the sum of first 10 terms of this A.P,
First term = a
Last term = a10
So, we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
T IO S I
𝑎10 = 𝑎 + (10 − 1)𝑑
NO A D
CO N
= 𝑎 + 9𝑑
A
PY
DO U A
𝑛
T 2
ED PR

l = the last term
C
©

10
𝑆10 = ( ) (𝑎 + 𝑎 + 9𝑑)
2
−150 = 5(2𝑎 + 9𝑑)

−150 = 10𝑎 + 45𝑑
−150−45𝑑
𝑎= … (1)
10
Similarly, for the sum of next 10 terms (S10),

First term = a11
Last term = a20
𝑎11 = 𝑎 + (11 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎 + 10𝑑
𝑎20 = 𝑎 + (20 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎 + 19𝑑
T IO S
I
10
𝑆10 = ( ) (𝑎 + 10𝑑 + 𝑎 + 19𝑑)
NO A D 2
CO N
A
−550 = 5(2𝑎 + 29𝑑)
PY
−550 = 10𝑎 + 145𝑑
DO U A
T
−550−145𝑑
𝑎= … (2)
ED PR
10
Now, subtracting (1) from (2),

C
−550−145𝑑 −150−45𝑑
𝑎−𝑎 =( )−( )
©
10 10
−550−145𝑑+150+45𝑑
0=
10
0 = −400 − 100𝑑
100𝑑 = −400
𝑑 = −4
Substituting the value of 𝑑 in (1)
−150−45(−4)
𝑎=
10
−150+180
=
10
30
=
10
=3
So, the A.P. is 3, −1, −5, −9, … with 𝑎 = 3, 𝑑 = −4.
Page No 5.52:
Question 34: Sum of the first 14 terms of an A.P. is 1505 and its first term
is 10. Find its 25th term.
ANSWER:
T IO S
First term, a = 10
I
NO A D
CO N
Sum of first 14 terms, 𝑆14 = 1505
A
PY
14
DO U A
⇒ [2 × 10 + (14 − 1)𝑑] = 1505
2
T
ED PR
⇒ 7 × (20 − 13𝑑) = 1505

1505
⇒ 20 − 13𝑑 = = 215
C
7
©
⇒ 13𝑑 = −195
⇒ 𝑑 = −15
Now,
𝑎25 = 10 + 24(−15) = −350
Page No 5.52:
Question 35: In an A.P., the first term is 2, the last term is 29 and the sum
of the terms is 155. Find the common difference of the A.P.
ANSWER:
with the sum of all the terms of A.P. Here, we need to find the common
Here,
Sum of all the terms (Sn) = 155
T IO S
I
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑛
155 = ( ) (2 + 29)
2
PY
DO U A
𝑛
155 = ( ) (31)
T 2
ED PR
155(2) = (𝑛)(31)
310
𝑛=
C
31
©
𝑛 = 10
formula,
𝑙 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
We get,
29 = 2 + (10 − 1)𝑑
29 = 2 + (9)𝑑
29 − 2 = 9𝑑
27
𝑑=
9
𝑑=3
Therefore, the common difference of the A.P. is 𝑑 = 3.
Page No 5.53:
Question 36: The first and the last term of an A.P. are 17 and 350
respectively. If the common difference is 9, how many terms are there and
what is their sum?
ANSWER:
T IO S
I
with the common difference of the A.P. Here, we need to find the number
NO A D
CO N
of terms of the A.P. and the sum of all the terms.
A
Here,
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR

The common difference of the A.P. = 9
C
Let the number of terms be n.

©
So, as we know that,

𝑙 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
We get,
350 = 17 + (𝑛 − 1)9
350 = 17 + 9𝑛 − 9
350 = 8 + 9𝑛
350 − 8 = 9𝑛
Further solving this,
342
𝑛=
9
𝑛 = 38
Using the above values in the formula,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = ( ) (𝑎 + 𝑙)
2
38
= ( ) (17 + 350)
2
T IO S
= (19)(367)
I
NO A D
= 6973
CO N
A
Therefore, the number of terms is 𝑛 = 38 and the sum 𝑆𝑛 = 6973.
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 5.53:
Question 37: Find the number of terms of the A.P. −12, −9, −6, ..., 21. If
C
1 is added to each term of this A.P., then find the sum of all terms of the
©
A.P. thus obtained.

ANSWER:
First term, 𝑎1 = −12
Common difference, 𝑑 = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = −9 − (−12) = 3
𝑎𝑛 = 21
⇒ 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑 = 21
⇒ −12 + (𝑛 − 1) × 3 = 21
⇒ 3𝑛 = 36
⇒ 𝑛 = 12
Therefore, number of terms in the given A.P. is 12.
Now, when 1 is added to each of the 12 terms, the sum will increase by
12.
So, the sum of all terms of the A.P. thus obtained
= 𝑆12 + 12
12
= [2(−12) + 11(3)] + 12
2
= 6 × (9) + 12
T IO S
= 66
I
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 5.53:
PY
DO U A
Question 38: The sum of the first n terms of an A.P. is 3n2 + 6n. Find
T
the nth term of this A.P.
ED PR
ANSWER:
C

©
𝑛
2
It is given that sum of the first n terms of an A.P. is 3n2 + 6n.
∴ First term = a = S1 = 3(1)2 + 6(1) = 9.
Sum of first two terms = S2 = 3(2)2 + 6(2) = 24.
∴ Second term = S2 − S1 = 24 − 9 = 15.
∴ Common difference = d = Second term − First term

= 15 − 9 = 6
⇒ an = 9 + (n − 1)6
⇒ an = 9 + 6n − 6
⇒ an = 3 + 6n
Thus, nth term of this A.P. is 3 + 6n.
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 5.53:
Question 39: The sum of first n terms of an A.P. is 5n − n2. Find
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
ANSWER:
C
©
𝑛
2
It is given that sum of the first n terms of an A.P. is 5n − n2.
∴ First term = a = S1 = 5(1) − (1)2 = 4.
Sum of first two terms = S2 = 5(2) − (2)2 = 6.
∴ Second term = S2 − S1 = 6 − 4 = 2.

= 2 − 4 = −2
⇒ an = 4 + (n − 1)(−2)
⇒ an = 4 − 2n + 2
⇒ an = 6 − 2n
Thus, nth term of this A.P. is 6 − 2n.
Page No 5.53:
T IO S
Question 40: The sum of the first n terms of an A.P. is 4n2 + 2n. Find
I
NO A D
CO N
A
ANSWER:
PY
DO U A
T
𝑛
ED PR

2
It is given that sum of the first n terms of an A.P. is 4n2 + 2n.

C
©
∴ First term = a = S1 = 4(1)2 + 2(1) = 6.

Sum of first two terms = S2 = 4(2)2 + 2(2) = 20.
∴ Second term = S2 − S1 = 20 − 6 = 14.

= 14 − 6 = 8

⇒ an = 6 + (n − 1)(8)
⇒ an = 6 + 8n − 8
⇒ an = 8n − 2
Thus, nth term of this A.P. is 8n − 2.
Page No 5.53:
Question 41: The sum of first n terms of an A.P. is 3n2 + 4n. Find the
25th term of this A.P.
ANSWER:
T IO S
𝑆𝑛 = 3𝑛2 + 4𝑛
I
We know
NO A D
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑆𝑛 − 𝑆𝑛 − 1
CO N
A
∴ 𝑎𝑛 = 3𝑛2 + 4𝑛 − 3(𝑛 − 1)2 − 4(𝑛 − 1)
PY
DO U A
⇒ 𝑎𝑛 = 6𝑛 + 1 = 151
T
ED PR
Page No 5.53:
C
Question 42: The sum of first n terms of an A.P is 5n2 + 3n. If its mth
©
terms is 168, find the value of m. Also, find the 20th term of this A.P.
ANSWER:
𝑆𝑛 = 5𝑛2 + 3𝑛
We know
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑆𝑛 − 𝑆𝑛 − 1
∴ 𝑎𝑛 = 5𝑛2 + 3𝑛 − 5(𝑛 − 1)2 − 3(𝑛 − 1)
𝑎𝑛 = 10𝑛 − 2
Now,
𝑎𝑚 = 168
⇒ 10𝑚 − 2 = 168
⇒ 10𝑚 = 170
⇒ 𝑚 = 17
𝑎20 = 10(20) − 2 = 198
Page No 5.53:
T IO S
Question 43: The sum of first q terms of an A.P. is 63q − 3q 2. If its pth
I
term is −60, find the value of p. Also, find the 11th term of this A.P.
NO A D
CO N
ANSWER:
A
𝑆𝑞 = 63𝑞 − 3𝑞 2
PY
DO U A
We know
T
ED PR
𝑎𝑞 = 𝑆𝑞 − 𝑆𝑞−1
∴ 𝑎𝑞 = 63𝑞 − 3𝑞 2 − 63(𝑞 − 1) + 3(𝑞 − 1)2
C
©
𝑎𝑞 = 66 − 6𝑞
Now, 𝑎𝑝 = −60
⇒ 66 − 6𝑝 = −60
⇒ 126 = 6𝑝
⇒ 𝑝 = 21
𝑎11 = 66 − 6 × 11 = 0
Page No 5.53:
Question 44: The sum of first m terms of an A.P. is 4m2 − m. If its nth
term is 107. find the value of n. Also, find the 21st term of this A.P.
ANSWER:
𝑆𝑚 = 4𝑚2 − 𝑚
We know 𝑎𝑚 = 𝑆𝑚 − 𝑆𝑚−1
∴ 𝑎𝑚 = 4𝑚2 − 𝑚 − 4(𝑚 − 1)2 + (𝑚 − 1)
𝑎𝑚 = 8𝑚 − 5
Now, 𝑎𝑛 = 107
T IO S
⇒ 8𝑛 − 5 = 107
I
⇒ 8𝑛 = 112
NO A D
CO N
⇒ 𝑛 = 14
A
𝑎21 = 8(21) − 5 = 163
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 5.53:
Question 45: If the sum of the first n terms of an A.P is 4n − n2, what is
C
the first term? What is the sum of first two terms? What is the second
©
term? Similarly, find the third, the tenth and the nth terms.
ANSWER:
In the given problem, the sum of n terms of an A.P. is given by the
expression,
𝑆𝑛 = 4𝑛 − 𝑛2
So here, we can find the first term by substituting 𝑛 = 1,
𝑆𝑛 = 4𝑛 − 𝑛2
𝑆1 = 4(1) − (1)2
=4−1
=3
Similarly, the sum of first two terms can be given by,
𝑆2 = 4(2) − (2)2
=8−4
=4
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑆𝑛 − 𝑆𝑛−1
T IO S
So,
I
𝑎2 = 𝑆2 − 𝑆1
NO A D
CO N
=4−3
A
=1
PY
DO U A
Now, using the same method we have to find the third, tenth and nth term
T
ED PR
of the A.P.
So, for the third term,
C
𝑎3 = 𝑆3 − 𝑆2
©
= [4(3) − (3)2 ] − [4(2) − (2)2 ]

= (12 − 9) − (8 − 4)
=3−4
=1
Also, for the tenth term,
𝑎10 = 𝑆10 − 𝑆9
= [4(10) − (10)2 ] − [4(9) − (9)2 ]
= (40 − 100) − (36 − 81)
= −60 + 45
= −15
So, for the nth term,
= [4(𝑛) − (𝑛)2 ] − [4(𝑛 − 1) − (𝑛 − 1)2 ]
= (4𝑛 − 𝑛2 ) − (4𝑛 − 4 − 𝑛2 − 1 + 2𝑛)
= 4𝑛 − 𝑛2 − 4𝑛 + 4 + 𝑛2 + 1 − 2𝑛
T IO S
= 5 − 2𝑛
I
Therefore, 𝑎 = 3, 𝑆2 = 4, 𝑎2 = 1, 𝑎3 = −1, 𝑎10 = −15.
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 5.53:
PY
DO U A
Question 46: If the sum of first n terms of an A.P. is 1212(3n2 + 7n), then
T
ED PR
find its nth term. Hence write its 20th term.

ANSWER:
C

©
𝑛
2
1
It is given that sum of the first n terms of an A.P. is (3n2 + 7n).
2
1
∴ First term = a = S1 = [3(1)2 + 7(1)] = 5.
2
1
Sum of first two terms = S2 = [3(2)2 + 7(2)] = 13.
2
∴ Second term = S2 − S1 = 13 − 5 = 8.
=8−5=3

⇒ an = 5 + (n − 1)(3)
⇒ an = 5 + 3n − 3
⇒ an = 3n + 2
Thus, nth term of this A.P. is 3n + 2.
T IO S I
Now,
NO A D
a20 = a + (20 − 1)d
CO N
A
⇒ a20 = 5 + 19(3)
PY
⇒ a20 = 5 + 57
DO U A
⇒ a20 = 62
T
ED PR
Thus, 20th term of this A.P is 62.

C
©
Page No 5.53:
3𝑛2 13
Question 47: In an A.P., the sum of first n terms is + 𝑛. Find its
2 𝑛
25th term.
ANSWER:
Here, the sum of first n terms is given by the expression,
3𝑛2 13
𝑆𝑛 = + 𝑛
2 𝑛
We need to find the 25th term of the A.P.

So we know that the nth term of an A.P. is given by,
So 𝑎25 = 𝑆25 − 𝑆24 …… (1)
So, using the expression given for the sum of n terms, we find the sum of
25 terms (S25) and the sum of 24 terms (S24). We get,
3(25)2 13
𝑆25 = + (25)
2 2
3(625) 13(25)
= +
2 2
1875 325
= +
2 2
T IO S
2200
I
=
2
NO A D
CO N
= 1100
A
Similarly,
PY
DO U A
3(24)2 13
T
𝑆24 = + (24)
ED PR
2 2
3(576) 13(24)
= +
2 2
C
1728 312
= +
©
2 2
2040
=
2
= 1020
Now, using the above values in (1),
𝑎25 = 𝑆25 − 𝑆24
= 1100 − 1020
= 80
Therefore, 𝑎25 = 80.
Page No 5.53:
Question 48: Find the sum of all natural numbers between 1 and 100,
which are divisible by 3.
ANSWER:
In this problem, we need to find the sum of all the multiples of 3 lying
between 1 and 100.
of 3 before 100 is 99.
T IO S
I
So here,
NO A D
CO N
First term (a) = 3
A
Last term (l) = 99
PY
DO U A

T
ED PR
C
Now, as we know,
©
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
99 = 3 + (𝑛 − 1)3
99 = 3 + 3𝑛 − 3
99 = 3𝑛
99
𝑛=
3
𝑛 = 33
Now, using the formula for the sum of n terms,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
We get,
33
𝑆𝑛 = [2(3) + (33 − 1)3]
2
33
= [6 + (32)3]
2
33
= (6 + 96)
2
T IO S
33(102)
=
2
I
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑆𝑛 = 33(51)
PY
DO U A
= 1683
T
Therefore, the sum of all the multiples of 3 lying between 1 and 100 is
ED PR
𝑆𝑛 = 1683.
C
©
Page No 5.53:
Question 49: Find the sum of first n odd natural numbers.
ANSWER:
In this problem, we need to find the sum of first n odd natural numbers.
So, we know that the first odd natural number is 1. Also, all the odd terms
will form an A.P. with the common difference of 2.
So here,
First term (a) = 1
Now, as we know,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
So, for n terms,

𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2(1) + (𝑛 − 1)2]
2
𝑛
= [2 + 2𝑛 − 2]
2
𝑛
= (2𝑛)
T IO S
2
I
= 𝑛2
NO A D
CO N
Therefore, the sum of first n odd natural numbers is 𝑆𝑛 = 𝑛2 .
A
PY
DO U A
Page No 5.53:
T
ED PR
Question 50: Find the sum of all odd numbers between (i) 0 and 50 (ii)
100 and 200.
C
ANSWER:
©
(i) In this problem, we need to find the sum of all odd numbers lying
between 0 and 50.
So, we know that the first odd number after 0 is 1 and the last odd number
before 50 is 49.
So here,
First term (a) = 1
Last term (l) = 49
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
49 = 1 + (𝑛 − 1)2
49 = 1 + 2𝑛 − 2
T IO S
49 = 2𝑛 − 1
I
NO A D
49 + 1 = 2𝑛
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
50 = 2𝑛
T
50
ED PR
𝑛=
2
𝑛 = 25
C
©

𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
For n = 25, we get,

𝑆𝑛 = 25(25)
= 625
Therefore, the sum of all the odd numbers lying between 0 and 50 is 𝑆𝑛 =
625.
(ii) In this problem, we need to find the sum of all odd numbers lying
between 100 and 200.
So, we know that the first odd number after 0 is 101 and the last odd
number before 200 is 199.
So here,
T IO S
Last term (l) = 199
I
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
Now, as we know,
T
ED PR
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
C
©
199 = 101 + (𝑛 − 1)2

199 = 101 + 2𝑛 − 2
199 = 99 + 2𝑛
199 + 99 = 2𝑛
100 = 2𝑛
100
𝑛=
2
𝑛 = 50
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
For n = 50, we get,

50
𝑆𝑛 = [2(101) + (50 − 1)2]
2
= 25[202 + (49)2]
= 25(202 + 98)
= 25(300)
T IO S
= 7500
I
NO A D
Therefore, the sum of all the odd numbers lying between 100 and 200 is
CO N
𝑆𝑛 = 7500.
A
PY
DO U A
T
Page No 5.53:
ED PR
Question 51: Show that the sum of all odd integers between 1 and 1000
which are divisible by 3 is 83667.
C
©
ANSWER:
In this problem, we need to prove that the sum of all odd numbers lying
between 1 and 1000 which are divisible by 3 is 83667.
So, we know that the first odd number after 1 which is divisible by 3 is 3,
the next odd number divisible by 3 is 9 and the last odd number before
1000 is 999.
So, all these terms will form an A.P. 3, 9, 15, 21 … with the common
difference of 6
So here,
First term (a) = 3
Last term (l) = 999
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
999 = 3 + (𝑛 − 1)6
T IO S
999 = 3 + 6𝑛 − 6
I
NO A D
999 = 6𝑛 − 3
CO N
A
999 + 3 = 6𝑛
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
1002 = 6𝑛
1002
𝑛=
67
C
©
𝑛 = 167
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
For n = 167, we get,

167
𝑆𝑛 = [2(3) + (167 − 1)6]
2
167
= [6 + (166)6]
2
167
= (6 + 996)
2
167
= (1002)
2
𝑆𝑛 = 167(501)
= 83667
Therefore, the sum of all the odd numbers lying between 1 and 1000 is
𝑆𝑛 = 83667.
Hence proved
T IO S
Page No 5.53:
I
NO A D
Question 52: Find the sum of all integers between 84 and 719, which are
CO N
A
multiples of 5.
PY
ANSWER:
DO U A
T
ED PR
between 84 and 719.

C

©
So here,
First term (a) = 85
Last term (l) = 715
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
715 = 85 + (𝑛 − 1)5
715 = 85 + 5𝑛 − 5
715 = 80 − 5𝑛
715 + 80 = 5𝑛
T IO S
635 = 5𝑛
I
635
𝑛=
NO A D 5
CO N
A
𝑛 = 127
PY
DO U A
𝑛
T
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
ED PR
We get,
C
127
𝑆𝑛 = [2(85) + (127 − 1)5]
©
2
127
= [170 + (126)5]
2
127
= (170 + 630)
2
127(800)
=
2

𝑆𝑛 = 127(400)
= 50800
𝑆𝑛 = 50800.
Page No 5.53:
Question 53: Find the sum of all integers between 50 and 500, which are
divisible by 7.
ANSWER:
between 50 and 500.
T IO S
I
NO A D
CO N
A
So here,
PY
DO U A
First term (a) = 56

T
ED PR
Last term (l) = 497

C
©
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
497 = 56 + (𝑛 − 1)7
497 = 56 + 7𝑛 − 7
497 = 49 + 7𝑛
497 − 49 = 7𝑛
448 = 7𝑛
448
𝑛=
5
𝑛 = 64
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
For n = 64, we get,
T IO S
64
𝑆𝑛 = [2(56) + (64 − 1)7]
I
2
NO A D
= 32[112 + (63)7]
CO N
A
= 32(112 + 441)
PY
DO U A
= 32(553)
T
ED PR
= 17696
C
𝑆𝑛 = 17696.
©
Page No 5.53:
Question 54: Find the sum of all even integers between 101 and 999.
ANSWER:
In this problem, we need to find the sum of all the even numbers lying
So, we know that the first even number after 101 is 102 and the last even
number before 999 is 998.
So here,
Last term (l) = 998
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
T IO S
I
NO A D998 = 102 + (𝑛 − 1)2
CO N
A
998 = 102 + 2𝑛 − 2
PY
DO U A
998 = 100 + 2𝑛
T
ED PR
998 − 100 = 2𝑛
C
898 = 2𝑛
©
898
𝑛=
2
𝑛 = 449
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
For n = 64, we get,

449
𝑆𝑛 = [2(102) + (449 − 1)2]
2
449
= [204 + (448)2]
2
449
= (204 + 896)
2
449
= (1100)
2

𝑆𝑛 = 449(550)
= 246950
Therefore, the sum of all the even numbers lying between 101 and 999 is
𝑆𝑛 = 246950.
T IO S I
Page No 5.53:
NO A D
CO N
Question 55: Find the sum of all integers between 100 and 550, which
A
are divisible by 9.
PY
DO U A
ANSWER:
T
ED PR
(i) In this problem, we need to find the sum of all the multiples of 9 lying
C
So, we know that the first multiple of 9 after 100 is 108 and the last
©
multiple of 9 before 550 is 549.

So here,
Last term (l) = 549
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
549 = 108 + (𝑛 − 1)9
549 = 108 + 9𝑛 − 9
549 = 99 + 9𝑛
549 − 99 = 9𝑛
T IO S
450 = 9𝑛
I
450
𝑛=
NO A D9
CO N
A
𝑛 = 50
PY
DO U A
𝑛
T
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
ED PR
We get,
C
50
𝑆𝑛 = [2(108) + (50 − 1)9]
©
= 25[216 + (49)9]
= 25(216 + 441)
= 25(657)
= 16425
𝑆𝑛 = 16425
(ii)
In this problem, we need to find the sum of all the integers lying
between 100 and 550 which are not multiples of 9.
So, we know that the sum of all the multiples of 9 lying between 100
and 550 is 16425.
The sum of all the integers lying between 100 and 550 which are not
multiples of 9 is
[101 + 102 + 103 + .....+ 549] − 16425

= [(1 + 2 + ⋯ . . +549) − (1 + 2 + ⋯ . .100)] − 16425
549×550 100×101
= [( )−( )] − 16425
2 2
= 150975 − 5050 − 16425
T IO S I
= 129500
NO A D
CO N
A
(iii)
Integers between 1 and 500 which are multiples of both 2 and 5 are
PY
DO U A
10, 20, 30, ....., 490.
T
𝑎𝑛 = 490
ED PR
⇒ 10 + (𝑛 − 1)10 = 490
C
⇒ (𝑛 − 1)10 = 480
©
⇒ 𝑛 = 49
Now,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
49
𝑆49 = [20 + (48)10]
2
49
𝑆49 = [500]
2
𝑆49 = 49 × 250 = 12250

(iv)
Integers from 1 and 500 which are multiples of both 2 and 5 are
10, 20, 30, ....., 500.
𝑎𝑛 = 500
⇒ 10 + (𝑛 − 1)10 = 500
⇒ (𝑛 − 1)10 = 490
⇒ 𝑛 = 50
T IO S
Now,
I
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
NO A D
2
CO N
A
50
𝑆50 = [20 + (49)10]
2
PY
DO U A
= 25[510]
T
ED PR
= 12750
(v)
C
Integers from 1 and 500 which are multiples of 2 or 5 are

©
Multiples of 2 are 2, 4, 6, .....500. Therefore sum of all the multiples of 2

from 1 and 500 is
𝑎𝑛 = 500
⇒ 2 + (𝑛 − 1)2 = 500
⇒ 𝑛 = 250
250
𝑆250 = (4 + 249 × 2) = 125 × 502 = 62750
2
and
Multiples of 5 are 5, 10, 15, ....., 500. Therefore sum of all the multiples
of 5 from 1 and 500 is
𝑎𝑛 = 500
⇒ 5 + (𝑛 − 1)5 = 500
⇒ 𝑛 = 100
100
𝑆100 = (10 + 99 × 5) = 50 × 505 = 25250
2
Multiples of both 2 and 5 are 10, 20, 30, ......, 500.
Therefore sum of all the multiples of 2 and 5 from 1 and 500 is
𝑎𝑛 = 500
⇒ 10 + (𝑛 − 1)10 = 500
⇒ (𝑛 − 1)10 = 490
T IO S
⇒ 𝑛 = 50
I
Now, NO A D
CO N
A
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
PY
2
DO U A
50
𝑆50 = [20 + (49)10]
T
2
ED PR
= 25[510]
C
= 12750
©
Hence, the sum of Integers from 1 and 500 which are multiples of 2 or 5
is
[ sum of all the multiples of 2 + sum of all the multiples of 5 ] − [ sum of
all the multiples of 2 and 5 ]
= [ 62750 + 25250 ] − 12750
= 75250
Page No 5.53:
Question 56: Let there be an A.P. with first term 'a', common difference
'd'. If 𝑎𝑛 denotes in nth term and Sn the sum of first n terms, find.
(i) n and Sn, if a = 5, d = 3 and an = 50.
(ii) n and a, if an = 4, d = 2 and Sn = −14.
(iii) d, if a = 3, n = 8 and Sn = 192.
(iv) a, if an = 28, Sn = 144 and n= 9.
T IO S
(v) n and d, if a = 8, an = 62 and Sn = 210
I
NO A D
(vi) n and an, if a = 2, d = 8 and Sn = 90.
CO N
A
(vii) k, if 𝑆𝑛 = 3𝑛2 + 5𝑛 and ak =164k,
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
(viii) S22, if d = 22 and a22 = 149

ANSWER:
C
(i) Here, we have an A.P. whose nth term (an), first term (a) and common
©
difference (d) are given. We need to find the number of terms (n) and the
sum of first n terms (Sn).
Here,
First term (a) = 5
Last term (an) = 50
50 = 5 + (𝑛 − 1)3
50 = 5 + 3𝑛 − 3
50 = 2 + 3𝑛
3𝑛 = 50 − 2
Further simplifying for n,
3𝑛 = 48
48
𝑛=
3
𝑛 = 16
T IO S
Now, here we can find the sum of the n terms of the given A.P., using the
I
formula,
NO A D
CO N
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = ( ) (𝑎 + 𝑙)
A
2
PY
DO U A
T
l = the last term
ED PR
So, for the given A.P, on substituting the values in the formula for the sum
of n terms of an A.P., we get,
C
©
16
𝑆16 = ( ) (5 + 50)
2
= 8(55)
= 440
Therefore, for the given A.P 𝑛 = 16 and 𝑆16 = 440
(ii) Here, we have an A.P. whose nth term (an), sum of first n terms (Sn)
and common difference (d) are given. We need to find the number of
terms (n) and the first term (a).
Here,
Last term ( ) = 4
Sum of n terms (Sn) = −14
4 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)2
4 = 𝑎 + 2𝑛 − 2
4 + 2 = 𝑎 + 2𝑛
6−𝑎
T IO S
𝑛= … (1)
2
I
Now, here the sum of the n terms is given by the formula,
NO A D
CO N
𝑛
A
𝑆𝑛 = ( ) (𝑎 + 𝑙)
2
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
l = the last term

C

©
𝑛
−14 = ( ) (𝑎 + 4)
2
−14(2) = 𝑛(𝑎 + 4)
−28
𝑛= … (2)
𝑎+4

6−𝑎 −28
=
2 𝑎+4
(6 − 𝑎)(𝑎 + 4) = −28(2)
6𝑎 − 𝑎2 + 24 − 4𝑎 = −56
−𝑎2 + 2𝑎 + 24 + 56 = 0
−𝑎2 + 2𝑎 + 80 = 0
𝑎2 − 2𝑎 − 80 = 0
Further, solving it for a by splitting the middle term,
𝑎2 − 2𝑎 − 80 = 0
𝑎2 − 10𝑎 + 8𝑎 − 80 = 0
𝑎(𝑎 − 10) + 8(𝑎 − 10) = 0
T IO S
(𝑎 − 10)(𝑎 + 8) = 0
I
So, we get,
NO A D
CO N
𝑎 − 10 = 0
A
𝑎 = 10
PY
DO U A
Or
T
ED PR
𝑎+8=0
𝑎 = −8
C
©
Substituting, 𝑎 = 10 in (1),
6−10
𝑛=
2
−4
𝑛=
2
𝑛 = −2
Here, we get n as negative, which is not possible. So, we take 𝑎 = −8,
6−(−8)
𝑛=
2
6+8
𝑛=
2
14
𝑛=
2
𝑛=7
Therefore, for the given A.P 𝑛 = 7 and 𝑎 = −8
(iii) Here, we have an A.P. whose first term (a), sum of first n terms (Sn)
and the number of terms (n) are given. We need to find common
difference (d).
Here,
T IO S
First term ( ) = 3
I
NO A D
Sum of n terms (Sn) = 192
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
T
So, to find the common difference of this A.P., we use the following
ED PR
formula for the sum

of n terms of an A.P
C
©
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = ( ) [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

n = number of terms
8
𝑆8 = [2(3) + +(8 − 1)(𝑑)]
2
192 = 4[6 + (7)(𝑑)]

192 = 24 + 28𝑑
28𝑑 = 192 − 24
168
𝑑=
28
𝑑=6
Therefore, the common difference of the given A.P. is 𝑑 = 6.
(iv) Here, we have an A.P. whose nth term (an), sum of first n terms (Sn)
and the number of terms (n) are given. We need to find first term (a).
T IO S
Here,
I
Last term (𝑎9 ) = 28
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
Now,
T
ED PR
𝑎9 = 𝑎 + 8𝑑
28 = 𝑎 + 8𝑑 … (1)
C
©
Also, using the following formula for the sum of n terms of an A.P
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = ( ) [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

n = number of terms
9
𝑆8 = ( ) [2𝑎 + (9 − 1)𝑑]
2
144(2) = 9[2𝑎 + 8𝑑]

288 = 18𝑎 + 72𝑑 … (2)
Multiplying (1) by 9, we get
9𝑎 + 72𝑑 = 252 … (3)
Further, subtracting (3) from (2), we get
9𝑎 = 36
36
𝑎=
9
𝑎=4
T IO S
Therefore, the first term of the given A.P. is 𝑎 = 4.
I
(v) Here, we have an A.P. whose nth term (an), sum of first n terms (Sn)
NO A D
CO N
and first term (a) are given. We need to find the number of terms (n) and
A
the common difference (d).
PY
DO U A
Here,
T
ED PR
First term ( ) = 8
C

©
Now, here the sum of the n terms is given by the formula,

𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = ( ) (𝑎 + 𝑙)
2

l = the last term
𝑛
210 = ( ) (8 + 64)
2
210(2) = 𝑛(70)
420
𝑛=
70
𝑛=6
Also, here we will find the value of d using the formula,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
62 = 8 + (6 − 1)𝑑
62 − 8 = (5)𝑑
54
T IO S
=𝑑
5
I
54
NO A D
𝑑=
CO N
5
A
54
Therefore, for the given A.P 𝑛 = 6 and 𝑑 =
PY
5
DO U A
(vi) Here, we have an A.P. whose first term (a), common difference (d)
T
ED PR
and sum of first n terms are given. We need to find the number of terms
(n) and the nth term (an).
C
Here,
©
First term (a) = 2

Sum of first nth terms (𝑆𝑛 ) = 90
So, to find the number of terms (n) of this A.P., we use the following
formula for the sum
of n terms of an A.P
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = ( ) [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

n = number of terms
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2(2) + (𝑛 − 1)(8)]
2
𝑛
90 = [4 + 8𝑛 − 8]
2
90(2) = 𝑛[8𝑛 − 4]
180 = 8𝑛2 − 4𝑛
Further solving the above quadratic equation,
T IO S
8𝑛2 − 4𝑛 − 180 = 0
I
NO A D
2𝑛2 − 𝑛 − 45 = 0
CO N
A
PY
2𝑛2 − 10𝑛 + 9𝑛 − 45 = 0
DO U A
T
2𝑛(𝑛 − 5) + 9(𝑛 − 5) = 0
ED PR
(2𝑛 + 9)(𝑛 − 5) = 0
C
Now,
©
2𝑛 + 9 = 0
2𝑛 = −9
9
𝑛=−
2
Also,
𝑛−5=0
𝑛=5
Since n cannot be a fraction
Thus, n = 5
Also, we will find the value of the nth term (an) using the formula,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
𝑎𝑛 = 2 + (5 − 1)8
𝑎𝑛 = 2 + (4)(8)
𝑎𝑛 = 2 + 32
T IO S
𝑎𝑛 = 34
I
Therefore, for the given A.P 𝑛 = 5 and 𝑎𝑛 = 34.
NO A D
CO N
A
(vii)
𝑎𝑘 = 𝑆𝑘 − 𝑆𝑘 − 1
PY
DO U A
⇒ 164 = (3𝑘 2 + 5𝑘) − (3(𝑘 − 1)2 + 5(𝑘 − 1))

T
ED PR
⇒ 164 = 3𝑘 2 + 5𝑘 − 3𝑘 2 + 6𝑘 − 3 − 5𝑘 + 5
⇒ 164 = 6𝑘 + 2
C
©
⇒ 6𝑘 = 162
⇒ 𝑘 = 27
(viii) Given d = 22, 𝑎22 = 149, 𝑛 = 22

We know that
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
149 = 𝑎 + (22 − 1)22
149 = 𝑎 + 462
𝑎 = −313
Now, Sum is given by

𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = ( ) [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

n = number of terms
So, using the formula for n = 22, we get
22
𝑆22 = {2 × (−313) + (22 − 1) × 22)}
T IO S
2
I
𝑆22 = 11{−626 + 462}
NO A D
CO N
𝑆22 = −1804
A
PY
Hence, the sum of 22 terms is −1804.
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 5.54:
C
Question 57: If Sn denotes the sum of first n terms of an A.P., prove

©
that S12 = 3(S8 − S4).

ANSWER:
𝑛
2
Now,
4
S4 = [2a + (4 − 1)d]
2
= 2(2a + 3d)
= 4a + 6d ....(1)
8
S8 = [2a + (8 − 1)d]
2
= 4(2a + 7d)
= 8a + 28d ....(2)
12
S12 = [2a + (12 − 1)d]
2
= 6(2a + 11d)
= 12a + 66d ....(3)
T IO S I
NO A D
S8 − S4 = 8a + 28d − (4a + 6d)
CO N
A
= 4a + 22d
PY
DO U A
Multiplying both sides by 3, we get
T
ED PR
3(S8 − S4) = 3(4a + 22d)

= 12a + 66d
C
= S12 [From (3)]

©
Thus, S12 = 3(S8 − S4).
Page No 5.54:
Question 58: A thief, after commiting a theft runs at a uniform speed of
50 m/minute. After 2 minutes, a policeman runs to catch him. He goes 60
m in first minute and increases his speed by 5 m/minute every succeeding
minute. After how many minutes, the policeman will catch the thief.?
ANSWER:
Suppose the policeman catches the thief after t minutes.
Uniform speed of the thief = 50 m/min
∴ Distance covered by thief in (t + 2) minutes = 50 m/min × (t + 2) min =
50 (t + 2) m
The distance covered by the policeman in t minutes is in AP, with 60 and
5 as the first term and the common difference, respectively.
Now,
Distance covered by policeman in t minutes = Sum of t terms
T IO S
𝑡
= [2 × 60 + (𝑡 − 1) × 5]
2
I
𝑡
NO A D
= [115 + 5𝑡] 𝑚
CO N
2
A
When the policeman catches the thief, we have
PY
DO U A
𝑡
[115 + 5𝑡] = 50(𝑡 + 2)
2
T
ED PR
115𝑡 + 5𝑡 2 = 100𝑡 + 200

⇒ 5𝑡 2 + 15𝑡 − 200 = 0
C
©
⇒ 𝑡 2 + 3𝑡 − 40 = 0
⇒ (𝑡 + 8)(𝑡 − 5) = 0
So, t = −8 or t = 5
∴t=5 (As t cannot be negative)
Thus, the policeman catches the thief after 5 min.
Page No 5.54:
Question 59: The sums of first n terms of three A.P. are S1,S2 and S3. The
first term of each is 5 and their common differences are 2, 4 and 6
respectively. Prove that S1 + S3 = 2S2
ANSWER:
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
For 𝑆1 , when 𝑎 = 1 and 𝑑 = 1.

𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
𝑆1 = [2(1) + (𝑛 − 1)] = [2 + 𝑛 − 1] = [𝑛 + 1]
2 2 2

𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
𝑆2 = [2(1) + (𝑛 − 1)(2)] = [2 + 2𝑛 − 2] = [2𝑛] = 𝑛2
2 2 2
T IO S
I
𝑛
NO A D 𝑛
𝑆3 = [2(1) + (𝑛 − 1)(3)] = [2 + 3𝑛 − 3] = [3𝑛 − 1]
𝑛
CO N
2 2 2
A
𝑛 𝑛
Therefore, 𝑆1 + 𝑆3 = [𝑛 + 1] + [3𝑛 − 1]
PY
DO U A
2 2
𝑛
T
= [4𝑛] = 2𝑛2
ED PR
𝑆1 + 𝑆3 = 2𝑆2
C
Hence proved.
©
Page No 5.54:
Question 60: Resham wanted to save at least ₹6500 for sending her
daughter to school next year (after 12 months). She saved ₹450 in the first
month and raised her savings by ₹20 every next month. How much will
she able to save in next 12 months? Will she be able to send her daughter
to the school next year?
ANSWER:
It is given that Reshma saved ₹450 in the first month and raised her
savings by ₹20 every next month.
So, her savings are in an AP, with the first term (a) = ₹450 and the
common difference (d) = ₹20.
We need to find her savings for 12 months, so n = 12.
𝑛
We know that the sum of n terms of an AP is 𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑].
2
Reshma's savings for 12 months:
12
𝑆12 = [2 × 450 + (12 − 1) × 20]
2
= 6(900 + 220)
= 6 × 1120
= 6720
T IO S
So, she will save ₹6,720 in 12 months.
I
She needed to save at least ₹6,500 for sending her daughter to school
NO A D
CO N
next year.
A
Since ₹6,720 is greater than ₹6,500, Reshma can send her daughter to
PY
school.
DO U A
The question aims to encourage personal savings and emphasize the
T
ED PR
need of female education.

C
Page No 5.54:
©
Question 61: In a school, students decided to plant trees in and around

the school to reduce air pollution. It was decided that the number of trees,
that each section of each class will plant, will be double of the class in
which they are studying. If there are 1 to 12 classes in the school and each
class has two sections, find how many trees were planted by the students.
ANSWER:
𝑛
2
It can be observed that the number of trees planted by the students forms
an A.P.
2, 4, 6, 8, ... , 24
Here, a = 2, d = 2 and n = 12.
12
∴ 𝑆𝑛 = [2×2+(12−1)2]
2
= 6(4 + 22)
= 6(26)
= 156
T IO S
Therefore, trees planted by 1 section of all the classes = 156.
I
NO A D
Number of trees planted by 2 sections of all the classes = 2 × 156 = 312
CO N
A
Thus, 312 trees were planted by the students.
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 5.54:
Question 62: Ramkali would need ₹1800 for admission fee and books
C
etc., for her daughter to start going to school from next year. She
©
saved ₹50 in the first month of this year and increased her monthly saving
by ₹20. After a year, how much money will she save? Will she be able to
fulfil her dream of sending her daughter to school?
ANSWER:
𝑛
2

Saving of Ramkali in 1 year = ₹50 + ₹70 + ₹90.......
Here, a = 50, d = 70 − 50 = 20 and n = 12.

12
∴ 𝑆𝑛 = [2 × 50 + (12 − 1)20]
2
= 6[100 + 220]
= 6 × 320
= 1920
Hence, After a year, she will save ₹1920.
Since, required amount for admission is ₹1800 and her savings will
T IO S
be ₹1920.
I
NO A D
CO N
Thus, yes she will be able to fulfil her dream of sending her daughter to
A
school.
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 5.54:
Question 63: A man saved Rs 16500 in ten years. In each year after the
C
first he saved Rs 100 more than he did in the preceding year. How much
©
did he save in the first year?

ANSWER:
Here, we are given that the total saving of a man is Rs 16500 and every
year he saved Rs 100 more than the previous year.
So, let us take the first installment as a.
Second installment = 𝑎 + 100
Third installment = 𝑎 + 100 + 100
So, these installments will form an A.P. with the common difference (d)
= 100
The sum of his savings every year 𝑆𝑛 = 16500
Number of years (n) = 10
So, to find the first installment, we use the following formula for the sum
of n terms of an A.P.,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

n = number of terms
T IO S I
NO A D 10
CO N
𝑆10 = [2(𝑎) + (10 − 1)(100)]
A
2
PY
16500 = 5[2𝑎 + (9)(100)]
DO U A
16500 = 10𝑎 + 4500

T
ED PR
16500 − 4500 = 10𝑎

Further solving for a,
C
©
10𝑎 = 12000
𝑎 = 𝑅𝑠 1200
Therefore, man saved Rs 1200 in the first year.
Page No 5.54:
Question 64: A man saved Rs. 32 during the first year, Rs 36 in the
second year and in this way he increases his saving by Rs 4 every year.
Find in what time his saving will be Rs. 200.
ANSWER:
Here, we are given that the total saving of a man is Rs 200. In the first
year he saved Rs 32 and every year he saved Rs 4 more than the previous
year.
So, the first installment = 32.
Second installment = 36
Third installment = 36 + 4
So, these installments will form an A.P. with the common difference (d)
T IO S
=4
I
The sum of his savings every year 𝑆𝑛 = 200
NO A D
CO N
We need to find the number of years. Let us take the number of years as n.
A
So, to find the number of years, we use the following formula for the sum
PY
DO U A
of n terms of an A.P.,
T
ED PR
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

C
©

n = number of terms
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2(32) + (𝑛 − 1)(4)]
2
𝑛
200 = [64 + 4𝑛 − 4]
2
400 = 𝑛(60 + 4𝑛)

400 = 60𝑛 + 4𝑛2
We get a quadratic equation,
4𝑛2 + 60𝑛 − 400 = 0
𝑛2 + 15𝑛 − 100 = 0
Further solving for n by splitting the middle term, we get,
𝑛2 + 15𝑛 − 100 = 0
𝑛2 − 5𝑛 + 20𝑛 − 100 = 0
𝑛(𝑛 − 5) + 20(𝑛 − 5) = 0
(𝑛 − 5)(𝑛 + 20) = 0
T IO S
So,
I
𝑛−5=0
NO A D
CO N
𝑛=5
A
Or
PY
DO U A
𝑛 + 20 = 0
T
ED PR
𝑛 = −20
Since number of years cannot be negative. So, in 5 years, his savings will
C
be Rs 200.
©
Page No 5.54:
Question 65: A man arranges to pay off a dept. of Rs 3600 by 40 annual
instalments which form an arithmetic series. When 30 of the instalments
are paid, he dies leaving one-third of all debt unpaid, find the value of the
first instalment.
ANSWER:
In the given problem,
Total amount of debt to be paid in 40 installments = Rs 3600
After 30 installments one−third of his debt is left unpaid. This means that
he paid two third of the debt in 30 installments. So,
2
Amount he paid in 30 installments = (3600)
3
= 2(1200)
= 2400
Let us take the first installment as a and common difference as d.
T IO S
So, using the formula for the sum of n terms of an A.P,
𝑛
I
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
NO A D
2
CO N
Let us find a and d, for 30 installments.
A
30
PY
𝑆30 = [2𝑎 + (30 − 1)𝑑]
DO U A
2
T
2400 = 15[2𝑎 + (29)𝑑]
ED PR
2400
= 2𝑎 + 29𝑑
15
C
160 = 2𝑎 + 29𝑑
©
160−29𝑑
𝑎= … (1)
2
Similarly, we find a and d for 40 installments.

40
𝑆40 = [2𝑎 + (40 − 1)𝑑]
2
3600 = 20[2𝑎 + (39)𝑑]

3600
= 2𝑎 + 39𝑑
15
180 = 2𝑎 + 39𝑑
180−39𝑑
𝑎= … (2)
2

180−39𝑑 160−29𝑑
𝑎−𝑎 =( )−( )
2 2
180−39𝑑−160+29𝑑
0=
2
0 = 20 − 10𝑑
10𝑑 = 20
20
𝑑=
T IO S
10
I
𝑑=2
NO A D
CO N
Substituting the value of d in (1), we get.
A
160−29(2)
PY
𝑎=
DO U A
2
160−58
T
=
ED PR
2
102
=
2
C
©
= 51
Therefore, the first installment is 𝑅𝑠 51.
Page No 5.54:
Question 66: There are 25 trees at equal distances of 5 metres in a line
with a well, the distance of the well from the nearest tree being 10 metres.
A gardener waters all the trees separately starting from the well and he
returns to the well after watering each tree to get water for the next. Find
the total distance the gardener will cover in order to eater all the trees.
ANSWER:
In the given problem, there are 25 trees in a line with a well such that the
distance between two trees is 5 meters and the distance between the well
and the first tree is 10 meters.
So, the total distance covered to water first tree = 10 meters
Then he goes back to the well to get water.
So,
The total distance covered to water second tree = 25 meters
T IO S
The total distance covered to water third tree = 35 meters
I
NO A D
The total distance covered to water fourth tree = 45 meters
CO N
A
So, from second tree onwards, the distance covered by the gardener forms
an A.P. with the first term as 25 and common difference as 10.
PY
DO U A
So, the total distance covered for 24 trees can be calculated by using the
T
ED PR
formula for the sum of n terms of an A.P,

C
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
©
We get,
24
𝑆𝑛 = [2(25) + (24 − 1)(10)]
2
= 12[50 + (23)(10)]
= 12(50 + 230)
= 12(280)
= 3360
So, while watering the 24 trees he covered 3360 meters. Also, to water
the first tree he covers 10 meters. So the distance covered while watering
25 trees is 3370 meters.
Now, the distance between the last tree and the well = 10 + 24(5)
= 10 + 120
= 130
So, to get back to the well he covers an additional 130 m. Therefore, the
total distance covered by the gardener = 3370 + 130 = 3500
Therefore, the total distance covered by the gardener is 3500 m.
T IO S
Page No 5.54:
I
NO A D
Question 67: A man is employed to count Rs 10710. He counts at the rate
CO N
A
of Rs 180 per minute for half an hour. After this he counts at the rate of
Rs 3 less every minute than the preceding minute. Find the time taken by
PY
DO U A
him to count the entire amount.
T
ED PR
ANSWER:
In the given problem, the total amount = Rs 10710.
C
For the first half and hour (30 minutes) he counts at a rate of Rs 180 per
©
minute. So,
The amount counted in 30 minutes = (180) (30) = 5400
So, amount left after half an hour = 10710 – 5400 = 5310
After 30 minutes he counts at a rate of Rs 3 less every minute. So,
At 31st minute the rate of counting per minute = 177.
At 32nd minute the rate of counting per minute = 174.
So, the rate of counting per minute for each minute will form an A.P. with
the first term as 177 and common difference as −3.
So, the total time taken to count the amount left after half an hour can be
calculated by using the formula for the sum of n terms of an A.P,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
We get,
𝑛
5310 = [2(177) + (𝑛 − 1)(−3)] ….. (1)
2
5310(2) = 𝑛[354 − 3𝑛 + 3]
10620 = 𝑛(357 − 3𝑛)
10620 = 357𝑛 − 3𝑛2
T IO S
I
NO A D
3𝑛2 − 357𝑛 + 10620 = 0
CO N
A
𝑛2 − 119𝑛 + 3540 = 0
PY
DO U A
Solving the equation by splitting the middle term, we get,
T
𝑛2 − 60𝑛 − 59𝑛 + 3540 = 0
ED PR
𝑛(𝑛 − 60) − 59(𝑛 − 60) = 0

C
(𝑛 − 60)(𝑛 − 59) = 0
©
So,
𝑛 − 59 = 0
𝑛 = 59
Or
𝑛 − 60 = 0
𝑛 = 60
Now let n = 60 then finding the last term, we get

𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [𝑎 + 𝑙]
2
60
5310 = [177 + 𝑙]
2
177 = 177 + 𝑙
𝑙=0
It means the work will be finesh in 59th minute only because 60th term i
s 0. So, we will take n = 59
Therefore, the total time required for counting the entire amount = 30 +
59 minutes = 89 minutes
T IO S
So, the total time required for counting the entire amount is 89 minutes.
I
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 5.54:
PY
DO U A
Question 68: A piece of equipment cost a certain factory Rs 60,000. If it
T
depreciates in value, 15% the first, 13.5% the next year, 12% the third
ED PR
year, and so on. What will be its value at the end of 10 years, all
percentages applying to the original cost?
C
ANSWER:
©

Cost of the equipment = Rs 600,000
It depreciates by 15% in the first year. So,
Depreciation in 1 year
= 600000 – 495000
= 105000
= 90000
It depreciates by 13.5% of the original cost in the 2 year. So,
13.5
Depreciation in 2 year = (600000) = 81000
100
Further, it depreciates by 12% of the original cost in the 3 year. So,
12
Depreciation in 3 year (600000) = 72000
100
So, the depreciation in value of the equipment forms an A.P. with first
term as 90000 and common difference as −9000.
So, the total depreciation in value in 10 years can be calculated by using
the formula for the sum of n terms of an A.P,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
T IO S
2
I
We get,
NO A D
CO N
10
𝑆𝑛 = [2(90000) + (10 − 1)(−9000)]
A
2
10
PY
= [18000 + (9)(−9000)]
DO U A
2
T
= 5(180000 − 81000)
ED PR
= 5(99000)
C
= 495000
©
So, the total depreciation in the value after 10 years is Rs 495000.

Therefore, the value of equipment = 600000 – 195000 = 105000
So, the value of the equipment after 10 years is Rs 105,000.
Page No 5.55:
Question 69 A sum of Rs 700 is to be used to give seven cash prizes to
students of a school for their overall academic performance. If each prize
is Rs 20 less than its preceding prize, find the value of each prize.
ANSWER:
Total amount of money (Sn) = Rs 700
There are a total of 7 prizes and each prize is Rs 20 less than the previous
prize. So let us take the first prize as Rs a.
So, the second prize will be Rs 𝑎 − 20, third prize will be Rs 𝑎 − 20 −
20.
Therefore, the prize money will form an A.P. with first term a and
common difference −20.
T IO S
So, using the formula for the sum of n terms,
I
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
NO A D
2
CO N
A
We get,
PY
7
700 = [2(𝑎) + (7 − 1)(−20)]
DO U A
2
T
7
ED PR
700 = [2𝑎 + (6)(−20)]

2
7
700 = (2𝑎 − 120)
C
2
©
700 = 7(𝑎 − 60)

700
= 𝑎 − 60
7
100 + 60 = 𝑎
𝑎 = 160
Therefore, the value of first prize is Rs 160.
Second prize = Rs 140
Third prize = Rs 120
Fourth prize = Rs 100
Fifth prize = Rs 80
Sixth prize = Rs 60
Seventh prize= Rs 40
So the values of prizes are Rs 160, Rs 140, Rs 120, Rs 100, Rs 80, Rs 60,
Rs 40.
Page No 5.55:
Question 70: If Sn denotes the sum of the first n terms of an A.P., prove
T IO S
that S30 = 3(S20 − S10)
I
NO A D
ANSWER:
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
𝑛
T 2
ED PR
Now,
10
[2a + (10 − 1)d]
C
S10 =
2
©
= 5(2a + 9d)
= 10a + 45d ....(1)
20
S20 = [2a + (20 − 1)d]
2
= 10(2a + 19d)
= 20a + 190d ....(2)
30
S30 = [2a + (30 − 1)d]
2
= 15(2a + 29d)
= 30a + 435d ....(3)

S20 − S10 = 20a + 190d − (10a + 45d)
= 10a + 145d
On multiplying both sides by 3, we get

3(S20 − S10) = 3(10a + 145d)
= 30a + 435d
= S30 [From (3)]
Hence, S30 = 3(S20 − S10)
T IO S I
Page No 5.55:
NO A D
CO N
Question 71: Solve the question (−4) + (−1) + 2 + 5 +.... +x = 437.
A
ANSWER:
PY
DO U A
Suppose x is nth term of the given A.P.
T
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑥
ED PR
Here, 𝑎 = −4, 𝑑 = 3.
C
It is given that, 𝑆𝑛 = 437.

©
𝑛
⇒ [2(−4) + (𝑛 − 1)3] = 437
2
⇒ 3𝑛2 − 11𝑛 − 874 = 0

⇒ 3𝑛2 − 57𝑛 + 46𝑛 − 874 = 0
⇒ 3𝑛(𝑛 − 19) + 46(𝑛 − 19) = 0
46
⇒𝑛=− , 19
3
Since, n cannot be in fraction so n=19.Now, 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑥

⇒ (−4) + (19 − 1)3 = 𝑥
⇒ −4 + 54 = 𝑥
⇒ 𝑥 = 50
Page No 5.55:
Question 72:
Which term of the A.P. −2, −7, −12, .... will be −77? Find the sum of this
A.P. upto the term −77.
ANSWER:
Here, a = −2 and d = −5.
T IO S
If 𝑎𝑛 = −77
I
NO A D
⇒ (−2) + (𝑛 − 1)(−5) = −77
CO N
A
⇒ −2 − 5𝑛 + 5 = −77
PY
DO U A
⇒ 𝑛 = 16
T
𝑛
ED PR
Therefore, 𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]

2
16
⇒ 𝑆16 = [2(−2) + (16 − 1)(−5)]
C
2
©
= 8[−4 − 75]
= −632
Page No 5.55:
Question 73: The sum of first n terms of an A.P. whose first term is 8 and
the common difference is 20 is equal to the sum of first 2n terms of another
A.P. whose first term is −30 and common difference is 8. Find n.
ANSWER:
According to the question, we have
𝑛 2𝑛
[2(8) + (𝑛 − 1)20] = [2(−30) + (2𝑛 − 1)8]
2 2
⇒ [16 + 20𝑛 − 20] = 2[−60 + 16𝑛 − 8]
⇒ 20𝑛 − 4 = −136 + 32𝑛
⇒ 12𝑛 = 132
⇒ 𝑛 = 11𝑛
Page No 5.55:
T IO S
Question 74: The students of a school decided to beautify the school on
the annual day by fixing colourful on the straight passage of the school.
I
NO A D
They have 27 flags to be fixed at intervals of every 2 metre. The flags are
CO N
stored at the position of the middle most flag. Ruchi was given the
A
responsibility of placing the flags. Ruchi kept her books where the flags
PY
DO U A
were stored. She could carry only one flag at a time. How much distance
T
did she cover in completing this job and returning back to collect her
ED PR
books? What is the maximum distance she travelled carrying a flag?

ANSWER:
C
©
Distance covered to place the first flag to the left of the middle flag = 2
× 2 m = 4 m.
Distance covered to place the second flag to the left of the middle flag =
2 × 4 m = 8 m.
Similarly,
Distance covered to place the thirteenth flag to the left of the middle flag
= 2 × 26 m = 52 m.
Now,
The total distance covered = 2 ( 4 + 8 + 12 +....+ 52)
The sum is as follows:
13
𝑆 = 2 × (4 + 52)
2
= 13 × 56
= 728 𝑚
The total distance travelled is 728 m and maximum distance travelled in

carrying a flag is 26 m.
VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (VSAQs)

Page No 5.56:
T IO S
Question 1: Define an arithmetic progression.
I
ANSWER:
NO A D
CO N
An arithmetic progression is a sequence of terms such that the difference
A
between any two consecutive terms of the sequence is always same.
PY
DO U A
Suppose we have a sequence 𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 , 𝑎4 , ….
T
ED PR
So, if these terms are in A.P., then,

𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑑
C
𝑎3 − 𝑎2 = 𝑑
©
𝑎4 − 𝑎3 = 𝑑
And so on…
Here, d is the common difference of the A.P.
Example: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 … is an A.P. with common difference (d) as 2.
Page No 5.56:
Question 2: Write the common difference of an A.P. whose nth term is
an = 3n + 7.
ANSWER:
In the given problem, nth term is given by,
an = 3n + 7.
To find the common difference of the A.P., we need two consecutive
terms of the A.P.
So, let us find the first and the second term of the given A.P.
First term (𝑛 = 1),
T IO S
𝑎1 = 3(1) + 7
I
=3+7NO A D
CO N
A
= 10
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
𝑎2 = 3(2) + 7
=6+7
C
= 13
©
Now, the common difference of the A.P. (d) = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1

= 13 – 10
=3
Page No 5.56:
Question 3: Which term of the sequence 114, 109, 104, ... is the first
negative term?
ANSWER:
Here, A. P is 114, 109, 104, ...
So, first term, 𝑎 = 114
Now,
= 109 – 114
= -5
Now, we need to find the first negative term,
𝑎𝑛 < 0
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
114 + (𝑛 − 1)(−5) < 0
A
114 − 5𝑛 + 5 < 0
PY
DO U A
119 − 5𝑛 < 0
T
ED PR
5𝑛 > 119
C
119
©
𝑛>
5
4
𝑛 > 23
5
𝑛 ≥ 24 (as n is a natural number)

Thus, 𝑛 = 24
Therefore, the first negative term is the 24th term of the given A.P.
Page No 5.56:
Question 4: Write the value of a30 − a10 for the A.P. 4, 9, 14, 19, ....
ANSWER:
In this problem, we are given an A.P. and we need to find a30 − a10.
A.P. is 4, 9, 14, 19, ….
Here,
First term (a) = 4
Common difference of the A.P. (d) = 9 – 4 = 5
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
T IO S I
Here, we find a30 and a20.
NO A D
CO N
So, for 30th term,
A
PY
DO U A
𝑎30 = 𝑎 + (30 − 1)𝑑
T
ED PR
= 4 + (29)(5)
= 4 + 145
C
©
= 149
𝑎10 = 𝑎 + (10 − 1)𝑑
= 4 + (9)(5)
= 4 + 45
= 49
So,
𝑎30 − 𝑎10 = 149 − 49
= 100
Therefore, for the given A.P 𝑎30 − 𝑎10 = 100.
Page No 5.56:
Question 5: Write 5th term from the end of the A.P. 3, 5, 7, 9, ..., 201.
ANSWER:
given A.P. 3, 5, 7, 9 …201
Here, to find the 5th term from the end let us first find the common
T IO S
difference of the A.P. So,
I
NO A D
First term (a) = 3
CO N
A
PY
Common difference (d) = 5 – 3 = 2
DO U A
T
Now, as we know, the nth term from the end can be given by the formula,
ED PR
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑙 − (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
So, the 5th term from the end,
C
©
𝑎5 = 201 − (5 − 1)2
= 201 − (4)2
= 201 − 8
= 193
Page No 5.56:
Question 6: Write the value of x for which 2x, x + 10 and 3x + 2 are in
A.P.
ANSWER:
First term (a1) = 2𝑥
Second term (a2) = 𝑥 + 10
𝑑 = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1
T IO S
𝑑 = (𝑥 + 10) − (2𝑥 )
I
NO A D
𝑑 = 𝑥 + 10 − 2𝑥
CO N
A
𝑑 = 10 − 𝑥 … (1)
PY
DO U A
Also,
T
ED PR
𝑑 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2
𝑑 = (3𝑥 + 2) − (𝑥 + 10)
C
𝑑 = 3𝑥 + 2 − 𝑥 − 10
©
𝑑 = 2𝑥 − 8 … (2)
10 − 𝑥 = 2𝑥 − 8
2𝑥 + 𝑥 = 10 + 8
3𝑥 = 18
18
𝑥=
3
𝑥=6
Page No 5.56:
Question 7: Write the nth term of an A.P. the sum of whose n terms is Sn.
ANSWER:
We are given an A.P. the sum of whose n terms is Sn. So, to calculate
the nth term of the A.P. we use following formula,
So, the nth term of the A.P. is given by 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑆𝑛 − 𝑆𝑛−1 .
T IO S I
NO A D Page No 5.56:
CO N
A
Question 8: Write the sum of first n odd natural numbers.
PY
DO U A
ANSWER:
T
ED PR
C

©
So here,
First term (a) = 1
Now, as we know,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
So, for n terms,

𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2(1) + (𝑛 − 1)2]
2
𝑛
= [2 + 2𝑛 − 2]
2
𝑛
= (2𝑛)
2
= 𝑛2
Page No 5.56:
Question 9: Write the sum of first n even natural numbers.
T IO S
ANSWER:
I
In this problem, we need to find the sum of first n even natural numbers.
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
So here,
T
ED PR
First term (a) = 2

C

©
Now, as we know,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
So, for n terms,

𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2(2) + (𝑛 − 1)2]
2
𝑛
= [4 + 2𝑛 − 2]
2
𝑛
= (2 + 2𝑛)
2
= 𝑛(1 + 𝑛)
Therefore, the sum of first n even natural numbers is 𝑆𝑛 = 𝑛(1 + 𝑛).
Page No 5.56:
Question 10: If the sum of n terms of an A.P. is Sn = 3n2 + 5n. Write its
common difference.
ANSWER:
Here, we are given,
Sn = 3n2 + 5n
T IO S
Let us take the first term as 𝑎 and the common difference as d.
I
NO A D
Now, as we know,
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
So, we get,
T
𝑎𝑛 = (3𝑛2 + 5𝑛) − [3(𝑛 − 1)2 + 5(𝑛 − 1)]
ED PR
= 3𝑛2 + 5𝑛 − [3(𝑛2 + 1 − 2𝑛) + 5𝑛 − 5]

C
[Using (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 − 𝑎𝑏]

©
= 3𝑛2 + 5𝑛 − (3𝑛2 + 3 − 6𝑛 + 5𝑛 − 5)
= 3𝑛2 + 5𝑛 − 3𝑛2 − 3 + 6𝑛 − 5𝑛 + 5
= 6𝑛 + 2 …. (1)
Also,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎 + 𝑛𝑑 − 𝑑
= 𝑛𝑑 + (𝑎 − 𝑑 ) … (2)
On comparing the terms containing n in (1) and (2), we get,
𝑑𝑛 = 6𝑛
𝑑=6
Page No 5.56:
Question 11: Write the expression of the common difference of an A.P.
whose first term is 𝑎 and nth term is b.
ANSWER:
T IO S
Here, we are given
I
NO A D
First term = a
CO N
A
Last term = b
PY
DO U A
Let us take the common difference as d
T
ED PR
Now, we know
C
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
©
So,
For the last term (an),
𝑏 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
𝑏 − 𝑎 = (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
𝑏−𝑎
𝑑=
𝑛−1
𝑏−𝑎
Therefore, common difference of the A.P. is 𝑑 =
𝑛−1
Page No 5.56:
Question 12: The first term of an A.P. is p and its common difference
is q. Find its 10th term.
ANSWER:
Here, we are given,
First term (a) = p
Common difference (d) = q
We need to find the 10th term (an).
T IO S
As we know,
I
NO A D
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
CO N
A
So, for 10th term (n = 10), we get,
PY
DO U A
𝑎10 = 𝑝 + (10 − 1)𝑞
T
ED PR
= 𝑝 + 9𝑞
Therefore, 𝑎10 = 𝑝 + 9𝑞
C
©
Page No 5.56:
Question 13: For what value of p are 2p + 1, 13, 5p − 3 are three
consecutive terms of an A.P.?
ANSWER:
First term (a1) = 2𝑝 + 1
Second term (a2) = 13
Third term (a3) = 5𝑝 − 3
We need to find the value of p for which these terms are in A.P. So, in an
𝑑 = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1
𝑑 = 13 − (2𝑝 + 1)
𝑑 = 13 − 2𝑝 − 1
𝑑 = 12 − 2𝑝 …. (1)
Also,
𝑑 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2
𝑑 = (5𝑝 + 3) − 13
T IO S I
𝑑 = 5𝑝 − 3 − 13
NO A D
CO N
𝑑 = 5𝑝 − 16 …. (2)
A
PY
DO U A
12 − 2𝑝 = 5𝑝 − 16
T
ED PR
5𝑝 + 2𝑝 = 16 + 12
7𝑝 = 28
C
©
28
𝑝=
7
𝑝=4
Therefore, for 𝑝 = 4, these three terms will form an A.P.
Page No 5.56:
4
Question 14: If , a, 2 are three consecutive terms of an A.P., then find
5
the value of a.
ANSWER:
Here, we are given three consecutive terms of an A.P.
4
First term (a1) =
5
Second term (a2) = 𝑎

Third term (a3) = 2
We need to find the value of a. So, in an A.P. the difference of two
adjacent terms is always constant. So, we get,
𝑑 = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1
4
T IO S
𝑑=𝑎− …. (1)
5
I
Also,
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑑 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2
PY
𝑑 =2−𝑎 …. (2)
DO U A
T
ED PR
4
𝑎− =2−𝑎
5
C
4
𝑎+𝑎 =2+
©
5
10+4
2𝑎 =
5
14
𝑎=
10
7
𝑎=
5
7
Therefore, 𝑎 =
5
Page No 5.56:
Question 15: If the sum of first p term of an A.P. is ap2 + bp, find its
common difference.
ANSWER:
Here, we are given,
𝑆𝑝 = 𝑎𝑝2 + 𝑏𝑝
Let us take the first term as a’ and the common difference as d.
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑝 = 𝑆𝑝 − 𝑆𝑝−1
T IO S
So, we get,
I
𝑎𝑝 = (𝑎𝑝2 + 𝑏𝑝) − [𝑎(𝑝 − 1)2 + 𝑏(𝑝 − 1)]
NO A D
CO N
= 𝑎𝑝2 + 𝑏𝑝 − [𝑎(𝑝2 + 1 − 2𝑝) + 𝑏𝑝 − 𝑏]
A
[Using (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 − 𝑎𝑏]
PY
DO U A
= 𝑎𝑝2 + 𝑏𝑝 − (𝑎𝑝2 + 3 − 2𝑎𝑝 + 𝑏𝑝 − 5)

T
ED PR
= 𝑎𝑝2 + 𝑏𝑝 − 𝑎𝑝2 − 3 + 2𝑎𝑝 − 𝑏𝑝 + 5

= 2𝑎𝑝 − 𝑎 + 𝑏 …. (1)
C
©
Also,
𝑎𝑝 = 𝑎′ + (𝑝 − 1)𝑑
= 𝑎′ + 𝑝𝑑 − 𝑑
= 𝑝𝑑 + (𝑎′ − 𝑑 ) … (2)
On comparing the terms containing p in (1) and (2), we get,
𝑑𝑝 = 2𝑎𝑝
𝑑 = 2𝑎
Therefore, the common difference is 𝑑 = 2𝑎
Page No 5.56:
Question 16: Find the 9th term from the end of the A.P. 5, 9, 13,...,185.
ANSWER:
Common difference, d, of the AP = 9 − 5 = 4
Last term, l, of the AP = 185
We know that the nth term from the end of an AP is given by l − (n −
1)d.
Thus, the 9th term from the end is
185 − (9 − 1)4
T IO S
= 185 − 4 × 8
= 185 − 32
I
= 153 NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
Page No 5.56:
T
ED PR
Question 17: For what value of k will the consecutive terms 2k + 1, 3k +

3 and 5k − 1 form an A.P.?
C
ANSWER:
©
The given terms are 2k + 1, 3k + 3 and 5k − 1.

The differences between the consecutive terms are
3k + 3 − (2k + 1) = k + 2 = d1
and
5k − 1 − (3k + 3) = 2k − 4 = d2
If the given terms are in an AP, then
d1 = d2
⇒ k + 2 = 2k − 4
⇒k=6
Hence, the value of k for which the given terms are in an AP is 6.
Page No 5.56:
1 1+𝑚 1+2𝑚
Question 18: Write the nth term of the A.P. , , , . . ..
𝑚 𝑚 𝑚
ANSWER:
1 1+𝑚 1+2𝑚
Given: A.P. , , , …..
𝑚 𝑚 𝑚
We know that the nth term of an AP is given by
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
In the given AP
1
𝑎=
𝑚
T IO S
1+𝑚 1 1+𝑚−1
𝑑= − = =1
I
𝑚 𝑚 𝑚
NO A D
Thus, the nth term of the given AP is
CO N
A
1 1+(𝑛−1)𝑚
𝑎𝑛 = + (𝑛 − 1)1 =
𝑚 𝑚
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 5.56:
Question 19: In an A.P., if the common difference d = – 4, and the
C
seventh term a7 is 4, then find the first term.

©
ANSWER:
nth term of an AP is 𝑇𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
For an AP with first term as 'a' and common difference as 'd', the seventh
term is a + 6d.
According to the question, common difference(d) is −4 and the seventh
term(a7) is 4.
So, a + 6d will be
⇒ a + 6(−4) = 4
⇒ a = 28
Hence, the first term is 28.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
Page No 5.57:
Question 1: Mark the correct alternative in each of the following:
If 7th and 13th terms of an A.P. be 34 and 64 respectively, then its 18th
term is
(a) 87
T IO S I
(b) 88
NO A D
CO N
A
(c) 89
PY
DO U A
(d) 90
T
ED PR
ANSWER:
C

©
Here,
𝑎7 = 34
𝑎13 = 64
So,
𝑎7 = 𝑎 + (7 − 1)𝑑
34 = 𝑎 + 6𝑑 …. (1)
Also,
𝑎13 = 𝑎 + (13 − 1)𝑑
64 = 𝑎 + 12𝑑 …. (2)
Further, to solve for 𝑎 and d
64 − 34 = (𝑎 + 12𝑑) − (𝑎 + 6𝑑)
30 = 𝑎 + 12𝑑 − 𝑎 − 6𝑑
30 = 6𝑑
30
T IO S
𝑑=
6
I
𝑑=5 … (3)
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
34 = 𝑎 + 6(5)
DO U A
T
34 = 𝑎 + 30
ED PR
𝑎 = 34 − 30
C
𝑎=4
©
Thus,
𝑎=4
𝑑=5
𝑎18 = 4 + (18 − 1)5
= 4 + 17(5)
= 4 + 85
= 89
Hence, the correct option is (c).
Page No 5.57:
Question 2: If the sum of P terms of an A.P. is q and the sum of q terms
is p, then the sum of p + q terms will be
(a) 0
T IO S
(b) p − q
I
NO A D
CO N
(c) p + q
A
PY
(d) −(p + q)
DO U A
T
ANSWER:
ED PR
In the given problem, we are given 𝑆𝑝 = 𝑞 and 𝑆𝑞 = 𝑝

C
We need to find 𝑆𝑝+𝑞

©
Now, as we know,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
So,
𝑝
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑝 − 1)𝑑]
2
𝑝
𝑞 = [2𝑎 + (𝑝 − 1)𝑑]
2
2𝑞 = 2𝑞𝑝 + 𝑝(𝑝 − 1)𝑑 ….. (1)

Similarly,
𝑞
𝑆𝑞 = [2𝑎 + (𝑞 − 1)𝑑]
2
𝑞
𝑝 = [2𝑎 + (𝑞 − 1)𝑑]
2
2𝑝 = 2𝑎𝑞 + 𝑞 (𝑞 − 1)𝑑 ….. (2)

2𝑝 − 2𝑝 = 2𝑎𝑝 + [𝑝(𝑝 − 1)𝑑] − 2𝑎𝑞 − [𝑞 (𝑞 − 1)𝑑]
2𝑞 − 2𝑝 = 2𝑎(𝑝 − 𝑞 ) + [𝑝(𝑝 − 1) − 𝑞 (𝑞 − 1)𝑑]
−2(𝑝 − 𝑞 ) = 2𝑎(𝑝 − 𝑞 ) + [(𝑝2 − 𝑞 2 ) − (𝑝 − 𝑞 )]
T IO S
−2 = 2𝑎 + (𝑝 + 𝑞 − 1)𝑑 ….. (3)
I
Now,
NO A D
CO N
𝑝+𝑞
A
𝑆𝑝+𝑞 = [2𝑎 + (𝑝 + 𝑞 − 1)𝑑]
2
PY
DO U A
𝑝+𝑞
𝑆𝑝+𝑞 = ( ) (−2) … (Using 3)
2
T
ED PR
𝑆𝑝+𝑞 = −(𝑝 + 𝑞 )
Thus, 𝑆𝑝+𝑞 = −(𝑝 + 𝑞 )
C
©
Hence, the correct option is (d).
Page No 5.57:
Question 3: If the sum of n terms of an A.P. be 3n2 + n and its common
difference is 6, then its first term is
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 1
(d) 4
ANSWER:
In the given problem, the sum of n terms of an A.P. is given by the
expression,
𝑆𝑛 = 3𝑛2 + 𝑛
Here, we can find the first term by substituting as sum of first term of
the A.P. will be the same as the first term. So we get,
𝑆𝑛 = 3𝑛2 + 𝑛
T IO S
𝑆1 = 3(1)2 + (1)
I
NO A D
=3+1
CO N
A
=4
PY
Therefore, the first term of this A.P is 𝑎 = 4. So, the correct option is (d).
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 5.57:
C
Question 4: The first and last terms of an A.P. are 1 and 11. If the sum
©
of its terms is 36, then the number of terms will be
(a) 5
(b) 6
(c) 7
(d) 8
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we need to find the number of terms in an A.P. We
are given,
First term (a) = 1
Last term (an) = 11
Sum of its terms 𝑆𝑛 = 36
Now, as we know,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = ( ) (𝑎 + 𝑙)
2
T IO S
l = the last term
I
NO A D
So, we get,
CO N
𝑛
A
36 = ( ) (1 + 11)
2
PY
DO U A
36(2) = 12𝑛
T
ED PR
36(2)
𝑛=
12
𝑛=6
C
©
Therefore, the total number of terms in the given A.P. is 𝑛 = 6

Hence the correct option is (b).
Page No 5.57:
Question 5: If the sum of n terms of an A.P. is 3n2 + 5n then which of
its terms is 164?
(a) 26th
(b) 27th
(c) 28th
(d) none of these.

ANSWER:
𝑆𝑛 = 3𝑛2 + 5𝑛
We need to find which term of the A.P. is 164.
Let us take 164 as the nth term
T IO S I
So,
NO A D
CO N
164 = 𝑆𝑛 − 𝑆𝑛−1
A
164 = 3𝑛2 + 5𝑛 − [3(𝑛 − 1)2 + 5(𝑛 − 1)]
PY
DO U A
Using the property,

T
ED PR
(𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 − 2𝑎𝑏
We get,
C
164 = 3𝑛2 + 5𝑛 − [3(𝑛2 + 1 − 2𝑛) + 5(𝑛 − 1)]

©
164 = 3𝑛2 + 5𝑛 − [3𝑛2 + 3 − 6𝑛 + 5𝑛 − 5]

164 = 3𝑛2 + 5𝑛 − (3𝑛2 − 𝑛 − 2)
164 = 3𝑛2 + 5𝑛 − 3𝑛2 + 𝑛 + 2
164 = 6𝑛 + 2
6𝑛 = 164 − 2
162
𝑛=
6
𝑛 = 27
Therefore, 164 is the 24th term of the given A. P.
Page No 5.57:
Question 6: If the sum of n terms of an A.P. is 2n2 + 5n, then its nth
term is
(a) 4n − 3
T IO S
(b) 3n − 4
I
NO A D
CO N
(c) 4n + 3
A
PY
(d) 3n + 4
DO U A
T
ANSWER:
ED PR

𝑆𝑛 = 2𝑛2 + 5𝑛
C
©
We need to find the nth term.

So,
𝑎𝑛 = (2𝑛2 + 5𝑛) − [2(𝑛 − 1)2 + 5(𝑛 − 1)]
Using the property,
(𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 − 2𝑎𝑏
We get,
𝑎𝑛 = (2𝑛2 + 5𝑛) − [2(𝑛2 + 1 − 2𝑛) + 5(𝑛 − 1)]
= (2𝑛2 + 5𝑛) − (2𝑛2 + 2 − 4𝑛 + 5𝑛 − 5)
= 2𝑛2 + 5𝑛 − 2𝑛2 − 2 + 4𝑛 − 5𝑛 + 5
= 4𝑛 + 3
Therefore, 𝑎𝑛 = 4𝑛 + 3
Hence the correct option is (c).
Page No 5.57:
T IO S
Question 7: If the sum of three consecutive terms of an increasing A.P.
is 51 and the product of the first and third of these terms is 273, then the
I
NO A D
third term is
CO N
A
(a) 13
PY
DO U A
T
(b) 9
ED PR
(c) 21
C
©
(d) 17
ANSWER:
In the given problem, the sum of three consecutive terms of an A.P is 51
and the product of the first and the third terms is 273.
We need to find the third term.
Here,
Let the three terms be (𝑎 − 𝑑), 𝑎, (𝑎 + 𝑑) where, a is the first term
So,
(𝑎 − 𝑑) + 𝑎 + (𝑎 + 𝑑) = 51
3𝑎 = 51
51
𝑎=
3
𝑎 = 17
Also,
(𝑎 − 𝑑)(𝑎 + 𝑑) = 273
𝑎2 − 𝑑2 = 273 [Using 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 = (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎 − 𝑏)]
T IO S
172 − 𝑑2 = 273
I
289 − 𝑑2 = 273
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
Now, it is given that this is an increasing A.P. so d cannot be negative.
DO U A
T
So, d = 4
ED PR
Substituting the values of 𝑎 and d in the expression for the third term, we
get,
C
©
So,
𝑎 + 𝑑 = 17 + 4
= 21
Therefore, the third term is 𝑎3 = 21
Page No 5.57:
Question 8: If four numbers in A.P. are such that their sum is 50 and the
greatest number is 4 times, the least, then the numbers are
(a) 5, 10, 15, 20
(b) 4, 101, 16, 22
(c) 3, 7, 11, 15
T IO S
(d) none of these
I
NO A D
ANSWER:
CO N
A
Here, we are given that four numbers are in A.P., such that their sum is
50 and the greatest number is 4 times the smallest.
PY
DO U A
So, let us take the four terms as 𝑎 − 𝑑, 𝑎, 𝑎 + 𝑑, 𝑎 + 2𝑑.

T
ED PR
Now, we are given that sum of these numbers is 50, so we get,

(𝑎 − 𝑑) + (𝑎) + (𝑎 + 𝑑) + (𝑎 + 2𝑑) = 50
C
©
𝑎 − 𝑑 + 𝑎 + 𝑎 + 𝑑 + 𝑎 + 2𝑑 = 50
4𝑎 + 2𝑑 = 50
2𝑎 + 𝑑 = 25 …. (1)
Also, the greatest number is 4 times the smallest, so we get,
𝑎 + 2𝑑 = 4(𝑎 − 𝑑)
𝑎 + 2𝑑 = 4𝑎 − 4𝑑
4𝑑 + 2𝑑 = 4𝑎 − 𝑎
6𝑑 = 3𝑎
3
𝑑= 𝑎 ….. (2)
6
Now, using (2) in (1), we get,

3
2𝑎 + 𝑎 = 25
6
12𝑎+3𝑎
= 25
6
15𝑎 = 150
150
𝑎=
15
𝑎 = 10
Now, using the value of 𝑎 in (2), we get,
T IO S
3
I
𝑑 = (10)
6
NO A D
CO N
10
A
𝑑=
2
PY
DO U A
𝑑=5
T
So, first term is given by,
ED PR
𝑎 − 𝑑 = 10 − 5
C
=5
©
Second term is given by,

𝑎 = 10
Third term is given by,
𝑎 + 𝑑 = 10 + 5
= 15
Fourth term is given by,
𝑎 + 2𝑑 = 10 + (2)(5)
= 10 + 10
= 20
Therefore, the four terms are 5, 10, 15, 20
Hence, the correct option is (a).
Page No 5.57:
Question 9: Let Sn denote the sum of n terms of an A.P. whose first term
is a. If the common difference d is given by d = Sn − kSn−1 + Sn−2, then k =
(a) 1
T IO S
(b) 2
I
NO A D
CO N
(c) 3
A
PY
DO U A
(d) none of these.
T
ED PR
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we are given 𝑑 = 𝑆𝑛 − 𝑘𝑆𝑛−1 + 𝑆𝑛−2
C
©
We need to find the value of k

So here,
First term = a
Common difference = d
Sum of n terms = Sn
Now, as we know,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑] …. (1)
2
Also, for n-1 terms,

𝑛−1
𝑆𝑛−1 = [2𝑎 + [(𝑛 − 1) − 1]𝑑]
2
𝑛−1
= [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 2)𝑑] … (2)
2
Further, for n-2 terms,
𝑛−2
𝑆𝑛−2 = [2𝑎 + [(𝑛 − 2) − 1]𝑑]
2
𝑛−2
= [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 3)𝑑] … (3)
2
Now, we are given,
T IO S I
𝑑 = 𝑆𝑛 − 𝑘𝑆𝑛−1 + 𝑆𝑛−2
NO A D
CO N
𝑑 + 𝑘𝑆𝑛−1 = 𝑆𝑛 + 𝑆𝑛−2
A
𝑆𝑛 +𝑆𝑛−2 −𝑑
𝑘=
PY
𝑆𝑛−1
DO U A
T
Using (1), (2) and (3) in the given equation, we get
ED PR
𝑛 𝑛−2
[2𝑎+(𝑛−1)𝑑]+ [2𝑎+(𝑛−3)𝑑−2𝑑]
2 2
𝑘= 𝑛−1
[2𝑎+(𝑛−2)𝑑]
C
2
©
1
Taking common, we get,
2
𝑛[2𝑎+(𝑛−1)𝑑]+𝑛−2[2𝑎+(𝑛−3)𝑑−2𝑑]
𝑘=
(𝑛−1)[2𝑎+(𝑛−2)𝑑]
2𝑎𝑚+𝑛2 𝑑−𝑛𝑑+2𝑎𝑛+𝑛2 𝑑−3𝑛𝑑−4𝑎−2𝑛𝑑+6𝑑−2𝑑

=
2𝑎𝑛+𝑛2 𝑑−2𝑛𝑑−2𝑎−𝑛𝑑+2𝑑
2𝑛2 𝑑+4𝑎𝑛−6𝑛𝑑−4𝑎+4𝑑
=
𝑛2 𝑑+2𝑎𝑛−3𝑛𝑑+ −2𝑎+2𝑑
Taking 2 common from the numerator, we get,

2(𝑛2 𝑑+2𝑎𝑛−3𝑛𝑑+ −2𝑎+2𝑑)
𝑘=
𝑛2 𝑑+2𝑎𝑛−3𝑛𝑑+ −2𝑎+2𝑑
=2
Therefore, 𝑘 = 2
Hence, the correct option is (b).
Page No 5.57:
Question 10: The first and last term of an A.P. are a and l respectively.
If S is the sum of all the terms of the A.P. and the common difference is
𝑙 2 −𝑎2
given by then k =
𝑘−(𝑙+𝑎)
ANSWER:
T IO S I
In the given problem, we are given the first, last term, sum and the
NO A D
common difference of an A.P.
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
Here,
T
First term = a
ED PR
Last term = l
C
Sum of all the terms = S

©
𝑙 2 −𝑎2
𝑘−(𝑙+𝑎)
Now, as we know,
𝑙 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑 … (1)
Further, substituting (1) in the given equation, we get
[𝑎+(𝑛−1)𝑑]2 −𝑎2
𝑑=
𝑘−{[𝑎+(𝑛−1)𝑑]+𝑎}
𝑎2 +[(𝑛−1)𝑑]2 +2𝑎(𝑛−1)𝑑−𝑎2
𝑑=
𝑘−{[𝑎+(𝑛−1)𝑑]+𝑎}
[(𝑛−1)𝑑]2 +2𝑎(𝑛−1)𝑑
𝑑=
𝑘−{[𝑎+(𝑛−1)𝑑]+𝑎}
Now, taking d in common, we get,

[(𝑛−1)𝑑]2 +2𝑎(𝑛−1)𝑑
𝑑=
𝑘−{[𝑎+(𝑛−1)𝑑]+𝑎}
(𝑛−1)2 𝑑+2𝑎(𝑛−1)
𝑙=
𝑘−{[𝑎+(𝑛−1)𝑑]+𝑎}
𝑘 − [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑] = (𝑛 − 1)2 𝑑 + 2𝑎(𝑛 − 1)

Taking (n-1) as common, we get,
𝑘 − [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑] = (𝑛 − 1)[(𝑛 − 1)𝑑 + 2𝑎]
𝑘 = 𝑛[(𝑛 − 1)𝑑 + 2𝑎] − [(𝑛 − 1)𝑑 + 2𝑎] + [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
T IO S I
𝑘 = 𝑛[(𝑛 − 1)𝑑 + 2𝑎]
NO A D
CO N
Further, multiplying and dividing the right hand side by 2, we get,
A
𝑛
𝑘 = (2) [(𝑛 − 1)𝑑 + 2𝑎]
PY
DO U A
2
𝑛
T
Now, as we know, 𝑆 = [(𝑛 − 1)𝑑 + 2𝑎]
ED PR
Thus,
C
𝑘 = 25
©
Therefore, the correct option is (b).
Page No 5.57:
Question 11: If the sum of first n even natural numbers is equal to k times
the sum of first n odd natural numbers, then k =
1
(a)
𝑛
𝑛−1
(b)
𝑛
𝑛+1
(c)
2𝑛
𝑛+1
(d)
𝑛
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we are given that the sum of the first n even natural
numbers is equal to k times the sum of first n odd natural numbers.
Now, we know that the first odd natural number is 1. Also, all the odd
T IO S
terms will form an A.P. with the common difference of 2.
I
So here,
NO A D
CO N
A
First term (a) = 1
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
Now, as we know,
𝑛
C
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
©
So, for n terms,

𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2(1) + (𝑛 − 1)2]
2
𝑛
= [2 + 2𝑛 − 2]
2
𝑛
= (2𝑛)
2
= 𝑛2 …. (1)
Also, we know that the first even natural number is 2. Also, all the odd
terms will form an A.P. with the common difference of 2.
So here,
First term (a) = 2
So, for n terms,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2(2) + (𝑛 − 1)2]
2
𝑛
= [4 + 2𝑛 − 2]
2
𝑛
= (2 + 2𝑛)
2
T IO S
Solving further, we get
I
NO A D
= 𝑛(1 + 𝑛)
CO N
A
= 𝑛2 + 𝑛 …. (2)
PY
DO U A
Now, as the sum of the first n even natural numbers is equal to k times the
T
sum of first n odd natural numbers
ED PR
Using (1) and (2), we get

C
𝑛2 + 𝑛 = 𝑘𝑛2
©
𝑛2 +𝑛
𝑘=
𝑛2
𝑛(1+𝑛)
𝑘=
𝑛2
𝑛+1
𝑘=
𝑛
𝑛+1
Therefore, 𝑘 =
𝑛
Page No 5.57:
Question 12: If the first, second and last term of an A.P. are a, b and
2a respectively, its sum is
𝑎𝑏
(a)
2(𝑏−𝑎)
𝑎𝑏
(b) (𝑏−𝑎)
3𝑎𝑏
(c)
2(𝑏−𝑎)
T IO S
(d) none of these
I
ANSWER:
NO A D
CO N
In the given problem, we are given first, second and last term of an A.P.
A
We need to find its sum.
PY
DO U A
So, here
T
ED PR
First term = a
Second term (a2) = b
C
Last term (l) = 2a

©
Now, using the formula 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑

𝑎2 = 𝑎 + (2 − 1)𝑑
𝑏 =𝑎+𝑑
𝑑 =𝑏−𝑎 … (1)
Also,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
2𝑎 = 𝑎 + 𝑛𝑑 − 𝑑
2𝑎 − 𝑎 = 𝑛𝑑 − 𝑑
𝑎+𝑑
=𝑛 … (2)
𝑑
Further as we know,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [𝑎 + 𝑙]
2
Substituting (2) in the above equation, we get

Using (1), we get
𝑎+(𝑏−𝑎)
𝑆𝑛 = (3𝑎)
2(𝑏−𝑎)
𝑏
𝑆𝑛 = (3𝑎)
T IO S
2(𝑏−𝑎)
I
Thus,
NO A D
CO N
3𝑎𝑏
𝑆𝑛 =
A
2(𝑏−𝑎)
PY
Therefore, the correct option is (c).
DO U A
T
ED PR
Page No 5.58:
C
Question 13: If S1 is the sum of an arithmetic progression of 'n' odd

©
number of terms and S2 the sum of the terms of the series in odd places,
𝑆1
then
𝑆2
2𝑛
(a)
𝑛+1
𝑛
(b)
𝑛+1
𝑛+1
(c)
2𝑛
𝑛+1
(d)
𝑛
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we are given 𝑆1 as the sum of an A.P of ‘n’ odd
number of terms and 𝑆2 the sum of the terms of the series in odd places.
𝑆1
We need to find
𝑆2
Now, let a1, a2…. an be the n terms of A.P

Where n is odd
Let d be the common difference of the A.P
T IO S
Then,
I
𝑛
𝑆1 = [2𝑎1 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑] … (1)
NO A D
2
CO N
A
And 𝑆2 be the sum of the terms of the places in odd places,
PY
𝑛+1
DO U A
Where, number of terms =
2
T
ED PR
Common difference = 2d
So,
C
𝑛+1
𝑛+1
©
2
𝑆2 = [2𝑎1 + ( − 1) 2𝑑]
2 2
𝑛+1 𝑛−1
𝑆2 = [2𝑎1 + ( ) 2𝑑]
4 2
𝑛+1
𝑆2 = [2𝑎1 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑] … (2)
4
Now,
𝑛
𝑆1 [2𝑎1 +(𝑛−1)𝑑]
2
= 𝑛+1
𝑆2 [2𝑎1 +(𝑛−1)𝑑]
2
𝑆1 4𝑛
=
𝑆2 2(𝑛+1)
𝑆1 2𝑛
=
𝑆2 𝑛+1
𝑆1 2𝑛
Thus, =
𝑆2 𝑛+1
Therefore, the correct option is (a).
Page No 5.58:
Question 14: If in an A.P. Sn = n2p and Sm = m2p, where Sr denotes the
sum of r terms of the A.P., then Sp is equal to
T IO S
1
(a) 𝑝3
I
2
NO A D
CO N
(b) m n p
A
PY
DO U A
(c) p3
T
ED PR
(d) (m + n) p2
ANSWER:
C
In the given problem, we are given an A.P whose 𝑆𝑛 = 𝑛2 𝑝 and 𝑆𝑚 =

©
𝑚2 𝑝
We need to find 𝑆𝑝
Now, as we know,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
Where, first term = a

Common difference = d
Number of terms = n
So,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
𝑛
𝑛2 𝑝 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
1
𝑝= [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑] … (1)
2𝑛
Similarly,
𝑚
𝑆𝑚 = [2𝑎 + (𝑚 − 1)𝑑]
2
𝑚
𝑚2 𝑝 = [2𝑎 + (𝑚 − 1)𝑑]
2
1
T IO S
𝑝= [2𝑎 + (𝑚 − 1)𝑑] … (2)
2𝑚
I
NO A D
CO N
1 1
(2𝑎 + 𝑛𝑑 − 𝑑) = (2𝑎 + 𝑚𝑑 − 𝑑)
A
2𝑛 2𝑚
⇒ 𝑚(2𝑎 + 𝑛𝑑 − 𝑑) = 𝑛(2𝑎 + 𝑚𝑑 − 𝑑)
PY
DO U A
⇒ 2𝑎𝑚 + 𝑚𝑛𝑑 − 𝑚𝑑 = 2𝑎𝑛 + 𝑚𝑛𝑑 − 𝑛𝑑
T
ED PR
Solving further, we get,

2𝑎𝑚 − 2𝑎𝑛 = −𝑛𝑑 + 𝑚𝑑
C
2𝑎(𝑚 − 𝑛) = 𝑑(𝑚 − 𝑛)
©
2𝑎 = 𝑑 …. (3)
Further, substituting (3) in (1), we get,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [𝑑 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
𝑛
𝑛2 𝑝 = [𝑑 + 𝑛𝑑 − 𝑑]
2
1
𝑝= [𝑛𝑑]
2𝑛
𝑑
𝑝= … (4)
2
Now,
𝑝
𝑆𝑝 = [𝑑 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
𝑝
𝑆𝑝 = [𝑑 + 𝑝𝑑 − 𝑑] (Using 3)
2
𝑝
𝑆𝑝 = [𝑑 (2𝑝)] (Using 4)
2
𝑆𝑝 = 𝑝3
Thus, 𝑆𝑝 = 𝑝3
Therefore, the correct option is (C).
T IO S
Page No 5.58:
I
NO A D
Question 15: If Sn denote the sum of the first n terms of an A.P. If S2n =
CO N
A
3Sn, then S3n : Sn is equal to
PY
DO U A
(a) 4
T
ED PR
(b) 6
C
(c) 8
©
(d) 10
ANSWER:
Here, we are given an A.P. whose sum of n terms is Sn and S2n = 3Sn.
𝑆3𝑛
We need to find .
𝑆𝑛
Here we use the following formula for the sum of n terms of an A.P.,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

n = number of terms
So, first we find S3n,
3𝑛
𝑆3𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (3𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
3𝑛
= [2𝑎 + 3𝑛𝑑 − 𝑑] …. (1)
2
Similarly,
2𝑛
𝑆2𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (2𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
T IO S
2
2𝑛
I
= [2𝑎 + 2𝑛𝑑 − 𝑑] …. (2)
NO A D2
CO N
Also,
A
𝑛
PY
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
DO U A
2
𝑛
T
= [2𝑎 + 𝑛𝑑 − 𝑑] …. (3)
ED PR
Now, 𝑆2𝑛 = 3𝑆𝑛

C
So, using (2) and (3), we get,

©
2𝑛 𝑛
(2𝑎 + 2𝑛𝑑 − 𝑑) = 3 [ (2𝑎 + 𝑛𝑑 − 𝑑)]
2 2
2𝑛 3𝑛
(2𝑎 + 2𝑛𝑑 − 𝑑) = (2𝑎 + 𝑛𝑑 − 𝑑 )
2 2
On further solving, we get,

2(2𝑎 + 2𝑛𝑑 − 𝑑) = 3(2𝑎 + 𝑛𝑑 − 𝑑)
4𝑎 + 4𝑛𝑑 − 2𝑑 = 6𝑎 + 3𝑛𝑑 − 3𝑑
2𝑎 = 𝑛𝑑 + 𝑑 …. (4)
So,
3𝑛
𝑆3𝑛 [2𝑎+3𝑛𝑑−𝑑]
2
= 𝑛
𝑆𝑛 [2𝑎+𝑛𝑑−𝑑]
(2)
𝑛
2
𝑆3𝑛 3(2𝑎+3𝑛𝑑−𝑑)
= (2𝑎+𝑛𝑑−𝑑)
𝑆𝑛
3(𝑛𝑑+𝑑+3𝑛𝑑−𝑑)
= (𝑛𝑑+𝑑+𝑛𝑑−𝑑)
(Using 4)
3(4𝑛𝑑)
=
2𝑛𝑑
=6
T IO S
𝑆3𝑛
Therefore, =6
I
𝑆𝑛
NO A D
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
Page No 5.58:
T
ED PR
Question 16: In an AP. Sp = q, Sq = p and Sr denotes the sum of

first r terms. Then, Sp+q is equal to
C
©
(a) 0
(b) −(p + q)
(c) p + q
(d) pq
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we are given Sp = q and Sq = p
We need to find Sp+q
Now, as we know,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
So,
𝑝
𝑆𝑝 = [2𝑎 + (𝑝 − 1)𝑑]
2
𝑝
𝑞 = [2𝑎 + (𝑝 − 1)𝑑]
2
2𝑞 = 2𝑎𝑝 + 𝑝(𝑝 − 1)𝑑 … (1)

Similarly,
𝑞
𝑆𝑞 = [2𝑎 + (𝑞 − 1)𝑑]
2
T IO S
𝑞
𝑝 = [2𝑎 + (𝑞 − 1)𝑑]
I
2
NO A D
CO N
2𝑝 = 2𝑎𝑞 + 𝑞(𝑞 − 1)𝑑 … (2)
A
PY
DO U A
2𝑞 = 2𝑎𝑝 + 𝑝(𝑝 − 1)𝑑 − 2𝑎𝑞 − [𝑞 (𝑞 − 1)𝑑]

T
ED PR
2𝑞 − 2𝑝 = 2𝑎(𝑝 − 𝑞 ) + [𝑝(𝑝 − 1) − 𝑞 (𝑞 − 1)𝑑]

−2(𝑝 − 𝑞 ) = 2𝑎(𝑝 − 𝑞 ) + [(𝑝2 − 𝑞 2 ) − (𝑝 − 𝑞 )]
C
… (3)
©
−2 = 2𝑎 + (𝑝 + 𝑞 − 1)𝑑
Now,
𝑝+𝑞
𝑆𝑝+𝑞 = [2𝑎 + (𝑝 + 𝑞 − 1)𝑑]
2
(𝑝+𝑞)
𝑆𝑝+𝑞 = (−2) … (Using 3)
2
𝑆𝑝+𝑞 = −(𝑝 + 𝑞 )
Thus, 𝑆𝑝+𝑞 = −(𝑝 + 𝑞 )
Page No 5.58:
Question 17: If Sr denotes the sum of the first r terms of an A.P. Then
, S3n: (S2n − Sn) is
(a) n
(b) 3n
(c) 3
T IO S I
NO A D
(d) none of these
CO N
A
ANSWER:
PY
Here, we are given an A.P. whose sum of r terms is Sr. We need to find
DO U A
𝑆3𝑛
.
T
𝑆2𝑛 −𝑆𝑛
ED PR
𝑛
C
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
©

n = number of terms
So, first we find S3n,
3𝑛
𝑆3𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (3𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
3𝑛
= [2𝑎 + 3𝑛𝑑 − 𝑑] …. (1)
2
Similarly,
2𝑛
𝑆2𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (2𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
2𝑛
= [2𝑎 + 2𝑛𝑑 − 𝑑] …. (2)
2
Also,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
𝑛
= [2𝑎 + 𝑛𝑑 − 𝑑] …. (3)
2
So, using (1), (2) and (3), we get,

3𝑛
𝑆3𝑛 [2𝑎+3𝑛𝑑−𝑑]
T IO S
2
= 2𝑛 𝑛
𝑆2𝑛 −𝑆𝑛 [2𝑎+2𝑛𝑑−𝑑]− [2𝑎+𝑛𝑑−𝑑]
I
2 2
NO A D𝑛
CO N
2
A
𝑆3𝑛 3[2𝑎+3𝑛𝑑−𝑑]
=
PY
𝑆2𝑛 −𝑆𝑛 2[2𝑎+2𝑛𝑑−𝑑]−[2𝑎+𝑛𝑑−𝑑]
DO U A
T 3[2𝑎+3𝑛𝑑−𝑑]
=
ED PR
4𝑎+4𝑛𝑑−2𝑑−2𝑎−𝑛𝑑+𝑑
3[2𝑎+3𝑛𝑑−𝑑]
=
2𝑎+3𝑛𝑑−𝑑
C
©
=3
𝑆3𝑛
Therefore, =3
𝑆2𝑛 −𝑆𝑛
Page No 5.58:
Question 18: If the first term of an A.P. is 2 and common difference is
4, then the sum of its 40 terms is
(a) 3200
(b) 1600
(c) 200
(d) 2800
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we need to find the sum of 40 terms of an arithmetic
progression, where we are given the first term and the common difference.
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

T IO S
n = number of terms
I
Given,NO A D
CO N
A
First term (a) = 2
PY
DO U A
T
ED PR

C
40
𝑆40 = [2(2) + (40 − 1)(4)]
©
= (20)[4 + (39)(4)]
= (20)[4 + 156]
= (20)(160)
= 3200
Therefore, the sum of first 40 terms for the given A.P. is 𝑆40 = 3200. So,
the correct option is (a).
Page No 5.58:
Question 19: The number of terms of the A.P. 3, 7, 11, 15, ... to be
taken so that the sum is 406 is
(a) 5
(b) 10
(c) 12
(d) 14
T IO S
(e) 20
I
ANSWER:
NO A D
CO N
In the given problem, we have an A.P. 3, 7, 11, 15, ….
A
PY
Here, we need to find the number of terms n such that the sum of n terms
DO U A
is 406.
T
ED PR
So here, we will use the formula,

𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
C
2
©

n = number of terms
=7–3
=4
A.P., we get,
𝑛
406 = [2(3) + (𝑛 − 1)(4)]
2
𝑛
406 = ( ) [6 + (4𝑛 − 4)]
2
𝑛
406 = ( ) [2 + 4𝑛]
2
406 = 𝑛 + 2𝑛2
2𝑛2 + 𝑛 − 406 = 0
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
2𝑛2 − 28𝑛 + 29𝑛 − 406 = 0
A
2𝑛(𝑛 − 14) − 29(𝑛 − 14) = 0
PY
DO U A
(2𝑛 − 29)(𝑛 − 14) = 0

T
ED PR
Further,
2𝑛 − 29 = 0
C
29
©
𝑛=
2
Or,
𝑛 − 14 = 0
𝑛 = 14
Since, the number of terms cannot be a fraction, the number of terms (n)
is 𝑛 = 14
Page No 5.58:
Question 20: Sum of n terms of the series √2 + √8 + √18 + √32 +…..
is
𝑛(𝑛 + 1)
(a)
2𝑛
2𝑛
(b)
(𝑛 + 1)
𝑛(𝑛+1)
T IO S
(c)
√2
I
(d) 1 NO A D
CO N
A
ANSWER:
PY
DO U A
In the given problem, we need to find the sum of terms for a given
T
arithmetic progression,
ED PR
√2, √8, √18, √32, …

C
©
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

n = number of terms
Here,
= √8 − √2
= 2√2 − √2
= √2
First term for the given A.P. (a) = √2
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2(√2) + (𝑛 − 1)(√2)]
2
𝑛
= ( ) [2√2 + (√2𝑛 − √2)]
2
𝑛
= ( ) (2√2 + √2𝑛 − √2)
T IO S
2
I
𝑛
= ( ) (√2 + √2𝑛)
NO A D2
CO N
A
Now, taking √2 common from both the terms inside the bracket we get,
PY
𝑛
DO U A
= ( ) √2(𝑛 + 1)
2
T
ED PR
𝑛(𝑛+1)
=
√2
𝑛(𝑛+1)
C
Therefore, the sum of first n terms for the given A.P. is 𝑆𝑛 = . So,
√2
©
the correct option is (c).
Page No 5.58:
Question 21: The 9th term of an A.P. is 449 and 449th term is 9. The
term which is equal to zero is
(a) 501th
(b) 502th
(c) 508th
(d) none of these
ANSWER:
difference as d.
𝑎9 = 449 … (1)
T IO S
𝑎449 = 9 … (2)
I
NO A D
We need to find n
CO N
A
Also, we know,
PY
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
DO U A
T
ED PR
𝑎9 = 𝑎 + (9 − 1)𝑑
C
449 = 𝑎 + 8𝑑 (Using 1)
©
𝑎 = 449 − 8𝑑 …. (3)
𝑎449 = 𝑎 + (449 − 1)𝑑
9 = 𝑎 + 448𝑑 (Using 2)
𝑎 = 9 − 448𝑑 …. (4)
𝑎 − 𝑎 = (9 − 448𝑑) − (449 − 8𝑑)
0 = 9 − 448𝑑 − 449 + 8𝑑
0 = −440 − 440𝑑
440𝑑 = −440
𝑑 = −1
𝑎 = 449 − 8(−1)
𝑎 = 449 + 8
𝑎 = 457
T IO S
So, for the given A.P 𝑑 = −1 and 𝑑 = 457
I
So, let us take the term equal to zero as the nth term. So,
NO A D
CO N
𝑎𝑛 = 457 + (𝑛 − 1)(−1)
A
0 = 457 − 𝑛 + 1
PY
DO U A
𝑛 = 458
T
ED PR
So, 𝑛 = 458
Therefore, the correct option is (d).
C
©
Page No 5.58:
1 1 1
Question 22: If , , are in A.P. Then, x =
𝑥+2 𝑥+3 𝑥+5
(a) 5
(b) 3
(c) 1
(d) 2
ANSWER:
1
First term (a1) =
𝑥+2
1
Second term (a2) =
𝑥+3
1
Third term (a3) =
𝑥+5
T IO S
𝑑 = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1
I
𝑑=( NO A D
1
)(
1
)
CO N
𝑥+3 𝑥+2
A
(𝑥+2)−(𝑥+3)
𝑑=
PY
DO U A
(𝑥+2)(𝑥+3)
T
𝑥+2−𝑥−3
𝑑 = (𝑥+2)(𝑥+3)
ED PR
−1
𝑑 = (𝑥+2)(𝑥+3) … (1)
C
©
Also,
𝑑 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2
1 1
𝑑=( )( )
𝑥+5 𝑥+3
(𝑥+3)−(𝑥+5)
𝑑= (𝑥+5)(𝑥+3)
𝑥+3−𝑥−5
𝑑 = (𝑥+5)(𝑥+3)
−2
𝑑 = (𝑥+5)(𝑥+3) … (2)

−2 −1
(𝑥+5)(𝑥+3)
= (𝑥+2)(𝑥+3)
2(𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 + 2) = 1(𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 + 3)

2𝑥 + 4 = 𝑥 + 5
2𝑥 − 𝑥 = 5 − 4
𝑥=1
T IO S
So, the correct option is (c).
I
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 5.58:
PY
Question 23: The nth term of an A.P., the sum of whose n terms is Sn, is
DO U A
T
ED PR
(a) Sn + Sn−1
(b) Sn − Sn−1
C
©
(c) Sn + Sn+1
(d) Sn − Sn+1
ANSWER:
A.P. we use following formula,
So, the nth term of the A.P. is given by 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑆𝑛 − 𝑆𝑛−1 . Therefore, the
correct option is (b).
Page No 5.58:
Question 24: The common difference of an A.P., the sum of whose n
terms is Sn, is
(a) Sn − 2Sn−1 + Sn−2
(b) Sn − 2Sn−1 − Sn−2
(c) Sn − Sn−2
T IO S
(d) Sn − Sn−1
I
NO A D
ANSWER:
CO N
A
Here, we are given an A.P. the sum of whose n terms is Sn. So, to calculate
the common difference of the A.P, we find two consecutive terms of the
PY
DO U A
A.P.
T
ED PR
Now, the nth term of the A.P will be given by the following formula,
C
Next, we find the (n − 1) th term using the same formula,

©
𝑎𝑛−1 = 𝑆𝑛−1 − 𝑆(𝑛−1)−1

= 𝑆𝑛−1 − 𝑆𝑛−2
Now, the common difference of an A.P. (d) = 𝑎𝑛 − 𝑎𝑛−1
= (𝑆𝑛 − 𝑆𝑛−1 ) − (𝑆𝑛−1 − 𝑆𝑛−2 )

= 𝑆𝑛 − 𝑆𝑛−1 − 𝑆𝑛−1 + 𝑆𝑛−2
= 𝑆𝑛 − 2𝑆𝑛−1 + 𝑆𝑛−2
Therefore, 𝑑 = 𝑆𝑛 − 2𝑆𝑛−1 + 𝑆𝑛−2
Hence the correct option is (a).
Page No 5.58:
Question 25: If the sums of n terms of two arithmetic progressions are in
3𝑛+5
the ratio , then their nth terms are in the ratio
5𝑛−7
3𝑛−1
(a)
5𝑛−1
T IO S
3𝑛+1
(b)
5𝑛+1
I
NO A D
5𝑛+1
CO N
(c)
A
3𝑛+1
PY
DO U A
5𝑛−1
(d)
3𝑛−1
T
ED PR
ANSWER:
In the given problem, the ratio of the sum of n terms of two A. P’s is given
C
by the expression,
©
𝑆𝑛 3𝑛+5
= …. (1)
𝑆𝑛′ 5𝑛+7
We need to find the ratio of their nth terms.

𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

n = number of terms
So,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
Where, a and d are the first term and the common difference of the first
A.P.
Similarly,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛′ = [2𝑎′ + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑′ ]
2
Where, a’ and d’ are the first term and the common difference of the first
A.P.
T IO S I
So,
NO A D
𝑛
CO N
𝑆𝑛 [2𝑎+(𝑛−1)𝑑]
2
=
A
𝑛
𝑆𝑛′ [2𝑎′ +(𝑛−1)𝑑′ ]
2
PY
DO U A
[2𝑎+(𝑛−1)𝑑]
= [2𝑎′ … (2)
+(𝑛−1)𝑑′ ]
T
ED PR

[2𝑎+(𝑛−1)𝑑] 3𝑛+5
=
C
[2𝑎′ +(𝑛−1)𝑑′ ] 5𝑛+7

©
Now, to find the ratio of the nth term, we replace n by . We get,

[2𝑎+(2𝑛−1−1)𝑑] 3(2𝑛−1)+5
[2𝑎′ +(2𝑛−1−1)𝑑′ ]
=
5(2𝑛−1)+7
2𝑎+(2𝑛−2)𝑑 6𝑛−3+5
=
2𝑎′ +(2𝑛−2)𝑑′ 10𝑛−5+7
2𝑎+2(𝑛−1)𝑑 6𝑛+2
=
2𝑎′ +2(𝑛−1)𝑑′ 10𝑛+2
𝑎+(𝑛−1)𝑑 3𝑛+1
=
𝑎′ +(𝑛−1)𝑑′ 5𝑛+1
As we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
Therefore, we get,
𝑎𝑛 3𝑛+1
′ =
𝑎𝑛 5𝑛+1
Page No 5.59:
Question 26: If Sn denote the sum of n terms of an A.P. with first
𝑆𝑥
term a and common difference d such that is independent of x, then
𝑆𝑘𝑥
T IO S I
(a) d= a
NO A D
CO N
A
(b) d = 2a
PY
DO U A
(c) a = 2d
T
ED PR
(d) d = −a
C
ANSWER:
©
Here, we are given an A.P. with a as the first term and d as the common
difference. The sum of n terms of the A.P. is given by Sn.
𝑆𝑥
We need to find the relation between a and d such that is independent
𝑆𝑘𝑥
of
So, let us first find the values of Sx and Skx using the following formula for
the sum of n terms of an A.P.,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

n = number of terms
So, we get,
𝑥
𝑆𝑥 = [2𝑎 + (𝑥 − 1)𝑑]
2
Similarly,
𝑘𝑥
𝑆𝑘𝑥 = [2𝑎 + (𝑘𝑥 − 1)𝑑]
2
So,
𝑥
𝑆𝑥 [2𝑎+(𝑥−1)𝑑]
2
=
T IO S
𝑆𝑘𝑥 𝑘𝑥
[2𝑎+(𝑘𝑥−1)𝑑]
2
I
[2𝑎+(𝑥−1)𝑑]
= NO A D
CO N
𝑘[2𝑎+(𝑘𝑥−1)𝑑]
A
2𝑎+(𝑥−1)𝑑
=
PY
2𝑎𝑘+𝑘 2 𝑥𝑑−𝑘𝑑
DO U A
Now, to get a term independent of x we have to eliminate the other terms,

T
ED PR
so we get
2𝑎 − 𝑑 = 0
C
2𝑎 = 𝑑
©
So, if we substitute 2𝑎 = 𝑑, we get,

2𝑎+(𝑥−1)𝑑 2𝑎+𝑑𝑥−2𝑎
=
2𝑎𝑘+𝑘 2 𝑥𝑑−𝑘𝑑 2𝑎𝑘+𝑘 2 𝑥𝑑−2𝑎𝑑
𝑑𝑥
=
𝑘 2 𝑑𝑥
1
=
𝑘2
Therefore, 2𝑎 = 𝑑
Page No 5.59:
Question 27: If the first term of an A.P. is 𝑎 and nth term is b, then its
common difference is
𝑏−𝑎
(a)
𝑛+1
𝑏−𝑎
(b)
𝑛−1
𝑏−𝑎
(c)
𝑛
T IO S I
𝑏+𝑎
(d)
NO A D
𝑛−1
CO N
A
ANSWER:
PY
Here, we are given the first term of the A.P. as 𝑎 and the nth term (an)
DO U A
as b. So, let us take the common difference of the A.P. as d.

T
ED PR
Now, as we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
C
©
On substituting the values given in the question, we get.

𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
(𝑛 − 1)𝑑 = 𝑏 − 𝑎
𝑏−𝑎
𝑑=
𝑛−1
𝑏−𝑎
Therefore, 𝑑 =
𝑛−1
Page No 5.59:
Question 28: The sum of first n odd natural numbers is
(a) 2n − 1
(b) 2n + 1
(c) n2
(d) n2 − 1
ANSWER:
T IO S
I
NO A D
CO N
A
So here,
PY
DO U A
First term (a) = 1
T
ED PR

C
Now, as we know,
©
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
So, for n terms,

𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2(1) + (𝑛 − 1)2]
2
𝑛
= [2 + 2𝑛 − 2]
2
𝑛
= (2𝑛)
2
= 𝑛2
Hence the correct option is (c).
Page No 5.59:
Question 29: Two A.P.'s have the same common difference. The first
term of one of these is 8 and that of the other is 3. The difference between
their 30th term is
(a) 11
(b) 3
T IO S I
(c) 8
NO A D
CO N
A
(d) 5
PY
DO U A
ANSWER:
T
Here, we are given two A.P.’s with same common difference. Let us take
ED PR
the common difference as d.

C
Given,
©
First term of first A.P. (a) = 8

First term of second A.P. (a’) = 3
We need to find the difference between their 30th terms.
So, let us first find the 30th term of first A.P.
𝑎30 = 𝑎 + (30 − 1)𝑑
= 8 + 29𝑑 … (1)
Similarly, we find the 30th term of second A.P.
𝑎′30 = 𝑎′ + (30 − 1)𝑑
= 3 + 29𝑑 … (2)
Now, the difference between the 30th terms is,
′
𝑎30 − 𝑎30 = (8 + 29𝑑) − (3 + 29𝑑)
= 8 + 29𝑑 − 3 − 29𝑑
=8−3
=5
′
Therefore, 𝑎30 − 𝑎30 =5
T IO S
Page No 5.59:
I
Question 30: If 18, a, b, −3 are in A.P., the a + b =
NO A D
CO N
A
(a) 19
PY
DO U A
(b) 7
T
ED PR
(c) 11
C
(d) 15
©
ANSWER:
Here, we are given four terms which are in A.P.,
First term (a1) = 18
Second term (a2) = a
Third term (a3) = b
Fourth term (a4)= −3
So, in an A.P. the difference of two adjacent terms is always constant. So,
we get,
𝑑 = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1
𝑑 = 𝑎 − 18 …. (1)
Also,
𝑑 = 𝑎4 − 𝑎3
𝑑 = −3 − 𝑏 …. (2)
𝑎 − 18 = −3 − 𝑏
𝑎 + 𝑏 = 18 − 3
T IO S
𝑎 + 𝑏 = 15
I
Therefore, 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 15
NO A D
CO N
Hence the correct option is (d).
A
PY
DO U A
Page No 5.59:
T
ED PR
Question 31: The sum of n terms of two A.P.'s are in the ratio 5n + 9:
9n + 6. Then, the ratio of their 18th term is
C
179
(a)
©
321
178
(b)
321
175
(c)
321
176
(d)
321
ANSWER:
In the given problem, the ratio of the sum of n terms of two A. P’s is given
by the expression,
𝑆𝑛 5𝑛+9
= … (1)
𝑆𝑛′ 9𝑛+6
We need to find the ratio of their 18th terms.
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2

n = number of terms
T IO S
So,
I
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
NO A D
2
CO N
A
Where, 𝑎 and d are the first term and the common difference of the first
PY
A.P.
DO U A
Similarly,
T
ED PR
𝑛
𝑆′𝑛 = [2𝑎′ + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑′]
2
Where, a’ and d’ are the first term and the common difference of the first
C
©
A.P.
So,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 [2𝑎+(𝑛−1)𝑑]
2
= 𝑛
𝑆𝑛′ [2𝑎′ +(𝑛−1)𝑑′ ]
2
[2𝑎+(𝑛−1)𝑑]
= [2𝑎′ … (2)
+(𝑛−1)𝑑′ ]

[2𝑎+(𝑛−1)𝑑] 5𝑛+9
[2𝑎′ +(𝑛−1)𝑑 ′] = 9𝑛+6
Now, to find the ratio of the nth term, we replace n by 2𝑛 − 1. We get,

[2𝑎+(2𝑛−1−1)𝑑] 5(2𝑛−1)+9
[2𝑎′ +(2𝑛−1−1)𝑑′ ]
=
9(2𝑛−1)+6
2𝑎+(2𝑛−2)𝑑 10𝑛−5+9
=
2𝑎′ +(2𝑛−2)𝑑′ 18𝑛−9+6
2𝑎+2(𝑛−1)𝑑 10𝑛+4
=
2𝑎′ +2(𝑛−1)𝑑′ 18𝑛−3
𝑎+(𝑛−1)𝑑 10𝑛+4
=
𝑎′ +(𝑛−1)𝑑′ 18𝑛−3
As we know,
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
T IO S
Therefore, for the 18th terms, we get,
I
𝑎18 10(18)+4
′ =
NO A D
CO N
𝑎18 18(18)−3
A
184
=
PY
321
DO U A
𝑎18 184
Hence =
T
′
𝑎18 321
ED PR
Hence no option is correct.

C
©
Page No 5.59:
5+9+13+... 𝑡𝑜 𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠 17
Question 32: If = , then 𝑛 =
7+9+11+...𝑡𝑜 (𝑛+1) 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠 16
(a) 8
(b) 7
(c) 10
(d) 11
ANSWER:
Here, we are given,
5+9+13+... 𝑡𝑜 𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠 17
= … (1)
7+9+11+...𝑡𝑜 (𝑛+1) 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠 16
We need to find n.
So, first let us find out the sum of n terms of the A.P. given in the
numerator (5 + 9 + 13 + ⋯ ),. Here we use the following formula for the
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
T IO S
2
I
NO A D
CO N
A
n = number of terms
PY
DO U A
Here,
T
ED PR

=9–5
C
©
=4
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = [2(5) + (𝑛 − 1)(4)]
2
𝑛
= ( ) [10 + (4𝑛 − 4)]
2
𝑛
= ( ) (6 + 4𝑛)
2
= 𝑛(3 + 2𝑛) … (2)

Similarly, we find out the sum of (𝑛 + 1) terms of the A.P. given in the
denominator (7 + 9 + 11 + ⋯ ).
Here,
=9–7
=2
T IO S
I
NO A D
CO N
A
𝑛+1
𝑆𝑛 = [2(7) + [(𝑛 − 1) − 1](2)]
PY
2
DO U A
𝑛+1
=( ) [14 + (𝑛)(2)]
T
2
ED PR
= (𝑛 + 1)(7 + 𝑛)
= 7𝑛 + 7 + 𝑛2 + 𝑛
C
©
= 𝑛2 + 8𝑛 + 7 … (3)
Now substituting the values of (2) and (3) in equation (1), we get,
2𝑛2 +3𝑛 17
=
𝑛2 +8𝑛+7 16
16(2𝑛2 + 3𝑛) = 17(𝑛2 + 8𝑛 + 7)

32𝑛2 + 48𝑛 = 17𝑛2 + 136𝑛 + 119
32𝑛2 − 17𝑛2 + 48𝑛 − 136𝑛 − 119 = 0
15𝑛2 − 88𝑛 − 119 = 0
Further solving the quadratic equation for n by splitting the middle term,
we get,
15𝑛2 − 88𝑛 − 119 = 0
15𝑛2 − 105𝑛 + 17𝑛 − 119 = 0
15𝑛(𝑛 − 7) + 17(𝑛 − 7) = 0
(15𝑛 + 17)(𝑛 − 7) = 0
So, we get
15𝑛 + 17 = 0
T IO S
15𝑛 = −17
I
−17
𝑛=
NO A D 15
CO N
A
Or
PY
𝑛−7=0
DO U A
T
𝑛=7
ED PR
Since n is a whole number, it cannot be a fraction. So, 𝑛 = 7

C

©
Page No 5.59:
Question 33: The sum of n terms of an A.P. is 3n2 + 5n, then 164 is its
(a) 24th term
(b) 27th term
(c) 26th term
(d) 25th term

ANSWER:
𝑆𝑛 = 3𝑛2 + 5𝑛
We need to find which term of the A.P. is 164.
Let us take 164 as the nth term.
T IO S
So,
I
164 = 𝑆𝑛 − 𝑆𝑛−1
NO A D
CO N
164 = 3𝑛2 + 5𝑛 − [3(𝑛 − 1)2 + 5(𝑛 − 1)]
A
Using the property,
PY
DO U A
(𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 − 2𝑎𝑏
T
ED PR
We get,
164 = 3𝑛2 + 5𝑛 − [3(𝑛2 + 1 − 2𝑛) + 5(𝑛 − 1)]
C
164 = 3𝑛2 + 5𝑛 − [3𝑛2 + 3 − 6𝑛 + 5𝑛 − 5]

©
164 = 3𝑛2 + 5𝑛 − (3𝑛2 − 𝑛 − 2)

164 = 3𝑛2 + 5𝑛 − 3𝑛2 + 𝑛 + 2
164 = 6𝑛 + 2
6𝑛 = 164 − 2
162
𝑛=
6
𝑛 = 27
Therefore, 164 is the 27th term of the given A. P.
Page No 5.59:
Question 34: If the nth term of an A.P. is 2n + 1, then the sum of
first n terms of the A.P. is
(a) n(n − 2)
(b) n(n + 2)
T IO S I
(c) n(n + 1)
NO A D
CO N
(d) n(n − 1)
A
PY
ANSWER:
DO U A
T
ED PR
expression, 𝑎𝑛 = 2𝑛 + 1. We need to find the sum of first n terms.

C
𝑛
©

l = the last term
𝑎 = 2(1) + 1
=2+1
=3
𝑙 = 𝑎𝑛 = 2𝑛 + 1
A.P., we get,
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = ( ) [(3) + 2𝑛 + 1]
2
𝑛
= ( ) [4 + 2𝑛]
2
T IO S
𝑛
= ( ) (2)(2 + 𝑛)
I
2
NO A D
= 𝑛(2 + 𝑛)
CO N
A
Therefore, the sum of the n terms of the given A.P. is 𝑆𝑛 = 𝑛(2 + 𝑛). So
PY
DO U A
the correct option is (b).
T
ED PR
Page No 5.59:
C
Question 35: If 18th and 11th term of an A.P. are in the ratio 3 : 2, then
©
its 21st and 5th terms are in the ratio
(a) 3 : 2
(b) 3 : 1
(c) 1 : 3
(d) 2 : 3
ANSWER:
In the given problem, we are given an A.P whose 18th and 11th term are in
the ratio 3:2
We need to find the ratio of its 21st and 5th terms
Now, using the formula
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑,
Where,
a = first tem of the A.P
n = number of terms
d = common difference of the A.P
T IO S I
So,
NO A D
CO N
𝑎18 = 𝑎 + (18 − 1)𝑑
A
𝑎18 = 𝑎 + 17𝑑
PY
DO U A
Also,
T
ED PR
𝑎11 = 𝑎 + (11 − 1)𝑑

𝑎11 = 𝑎 + 10𝑑
C
©
Thus,
𝑎18 3
=
𝑎17 2
𝑎+17𝑑 3
=
𝑎+10𝑑 2
2(𝑎 + 17𝑑) = 3(𝑎 + 10𝑑)

2𝑎 + 34𝑑 = 3𝑎 + 30𝑑
Further solving for a, we get
34𝑑 − 30𝑑 = 3𝑎 − 2𝑎
4𝑑 = 𝑎 … (1)
Now,
𝑎21 = 𝑎 + (21 − 1)𝑑
𝑎21 = 𝑎 + 20𝑑
Also,
𝑎5 = 𝑎 + (5 − 1)𝑑
𝑎5 = 𝑎 + 4𝑑
So,
𝑎21 𝑎+20𝑑
T IO S
=
𝑎5 𝑎+4𝑑
I
NO A D
Using (1) in the above equation, we get
CO N
A
𝑎21 4𝑑+20𝑑
=
𝑎5 4𝑑+4𝑑
PY
DO U A
𝑎21 24𝑑
=
𝑎5 8𝑑
T
ED PR
𝑎21 3
=
𝑎5 1
C
Thus, the ratio of the 21st and 5th term is 3: 1

©
Page No 5.59:
Question 36: The sum of first 20 odd natural numbers is
(a) 100
(b) 210
(c) 400
(d) 420
ANSWER:
𝑛
2
The given series is 1 + 3 + 5 + ......
First term = a = 1.
Common difference = d = 3 − 1 = 2
T IO S I
20
NO A D
∴ S20 = [2 × 1 + (20 − 1)2]
CO N
2
A
= 10(2 + 19 × 2)
= 10(40)
PY
DO U A
= 400
T
ED PR

C
©
Page No 5.59:
1 1−2𝑞 1−4𝑞
Question 37: The common difference of the A.P.is , , ... is
2𝑞 2𝑞 2𝑞
(a) −1
(b) 1
(c) q
(d) 2q
ANSWER:
1 1−2𝑞 1−4𝑞
The given A.P. is 1 , , ...
2𝑞 2𝑞 2𝑞
Common difference = d = Second term − First term
1−2𝑞 1
= −
2𝑞 2𝑞
−2𝑞
= = −1
2𝑞
Hence, the correct option is (a).
Page No 5.59:
1 1−3𝑏 1−6𝑏
T IO S
Question 38: The common difference of the A.P. , , , ... is
3 3 3
I
(a)
1
NO A D
CO N
3
A
1
(b) −
3
PY
DO U A
(c) −b
T
(d) b
ED PR
ANSWER:
C

©
1 1−3𝑏 1−6𝑏
The given A.P. is , , , ….
3 3 3

1−3𝑏 1
= −
3 3
−3𝑏
= = −𝑏
3
Page No 5.59:
1 1−6𝑏 1−12𝑏
Question 39: The common difference of the A.P. , , , … is
2𝑏 2𝑏 2𝑏
(a) 2b
(b) −2b
(c) 3
(d) −3
ANSWER:
T IO S I
1 1−6𝑏 1−12𝑏
NO A D
The given A.P. is
2𝑏
,
2𝑏
,
2𝑏
,…
CO N
A
PY
DO U A
1−6𝑏 1
= −
T 2𝑏 2𝑏
ED PR
−6𝑏
= = −3
2𝑏
C

©
Page No 5.60:
Question 40: If k, 2k − 1 and 2k + 1 are three consecutive terms of an
A.P., the value of k is
(a) −2
(b) 3
(c) −3
(d) 6
ANSWER:
Since, k, 2k − 1 and 2k + 1 are three consecutive terms of an A.P.
Then, Second term − First term = Third term − Second term

= d (common difference)
⇒ 2k − 1 − k = 2k + 1 − (2k − 1)
⇒ k − 1 = 2k + 1 − 2k + 1
⇒k−1=2
⇒k=2+1
⇒k=3
T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A
Page No 5.60:
PY
DO U A
Question 41: The next term of the A.P. √7, √28, √63, ....
T
ED PR
(a) √70
C
(b) √84
©
(c) √97
(d) √112
ANSWER:
The given A.P. is √7, √28, √63, … ..

i.e., √7, √4 × 7, √9 × 7, … ..
i.e., √7, 2√7, 3√7, … ..

= 27√7 − √7
= √7
∴ Next term of the A.P. = 3√7 + √7
= 4√7
= √16 × 7
= √112
T IO S
Page No 5.60:
I
NO A D
Question 42: The first three terms of an A.P. respectively are 3y − 1, 3y +
CO N
A
5 and 5y + 1. Then, y equals
PY
(a) −3
DO U A
(b) 4
T
ED PR
(c) 5
(d) 2
C
©
ANSWER:
Since, 3y − 1, 3y + 5 and 5y + 1 are first three terms of an A.P.
Then, Second term − First term = Third term − Second term
= d (common difference)
⇒ 3y + 5 − (3y − 1) = 5y + 1 − (3y + 5)
⇒ 3y + 5 − 3y + 1 = 5y + 1 − 3y − 5
⇒ 6 = 2y − 4
⇒ 2y = 6 + 4
⇒ 2y = 10
⇒y=5

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Chapter 5

Third term (𝑛 = 3),

Second term (𝑛 = 2),

Fourth term (𝑛 = 4),

Second term (𝑛 = 2),

term we use, 𝑛 = 1, we get,

Similarly, we find the other four terms,

Third term(𝑛 = 3),

Fourth term (𝑛 = 4),

Similarly, we find the other four terms,

Fourth term (𝑛 = 4),

Third term (𝑛 = 3),

Similarly, we find the other four terms,

Second term (𝑛 = 2),

3, 𝑎3 = 10, 𝑎4 = 21, 𝑎5 = 36.

Similarly, we find the other four terms,

Third term (𝑛 = 3),

Fifth term (𝑛 = 5),

(a) an = 5n − 4; a12 and a15

(c) an = n (n −1) (n − 2); a5 and a8

indicated terms of the A.P.

We need to find 𝑎12 and 𝑎15

We need to find 𝑎7 and 𝑎8

(iii) 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2)

(iv) 𝑎𝑛 = (𝑛 − 1)(2 − 𝑛)(3 + 𝑛)

(ii) 𝑎1 = 𝑎2 = 2, 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎𝑛−1 − 3, 𝑛 > 2

(iv) 𝑎1 = 4, 𝑎𝑛 = 4𝑎𝑛−1 + 3, 𝑛 > 1.

For 𝑎3 , using 𝑛 = 3, we get,

Therefore, the next five terms, of the given A.P are 𝑎2 = 3, 𝑎3 = 5, 𝑎4 =

Here, we are given that 𝑛>2

So, the next five terms of this A.P would be 𝑎3 , 𝑎4 , 𝑎5 , 𝑎6 and 𝑎7

For 𝑎7 , using 𝑛 = 7, we get,

Here, we are given that 𝑛 ≥ 2

For 𝑎4 , using 𝑛 = 4, we get,

For 𝑎5 , using 𝑛 = 5, we get,

For 𝑎6 , using 𝑛 = 6, we get,

(iv) 𝑎1 = 4, 𝑎𝑛 = 4𝑎𝑛−1 + 3, 𝑛 > 1

Here, we are given that n > 1.

For 𝑎5 , using 𝑛 = 5, we get,

Hence, the given sequence is an A.P and its common difference is d = 5.

Now, to find its 15th using the formula = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2

Common difference (d) = −4

We need to show that these sequences form an A.P

Hence, the given sequence is an A.P

Now, to show that it is an A.P, we will find its few terms by

Hence, the given sequence is an A.P

Hence, the given sequence is an A.P

Therefore, the common difference is 𝑑 = 6.

Question 6: Justify whether it is true to say that the sequence having

Consider the expression an = 2n − 1,

The first four terms are 3, 7, 13, 21.

Here, first term of the given A.P is (a) = −5

(iii) 0.3, 0.55, 0.80, 1.05, …

A.P would be represented by 𝑎, 𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 , 𝑎4 , … …

(i) In the given problem,

(iii)Here, principal (P) = 1000

For the first year,

For the third year,