1. Minh last wrote to his pen pal five months ago.

=> Minh hasn’t ............................................................................................................

2. She often went shopping on Sundays.
=> She used ................................................................................................................
3. Making friends is difficult.
=> It is .........................................................................................................................
4. Would you please close the door ?
=> Would you mind .....................................................................................................
5. I’m not able to ride a motorbike.
=> I wish ......................................................................................................................
6. What a pity ! We don’t have a television set.
=> We wish ..................................................................................................................
7. My father planted these trees last week.
=> These trees .............................................................................................................
8 REPORTED SPEECH
1/ Statements :
S + said to + object + that + S + V + O
told (changed)

said + that + S +V + O
(changed)
Ex : He said : “I’ll lend you my book, Alice.”
=> He told Alice that he would lend her his book.
Ex : They said : “We like oranges.”
=> They said that they liked oranges.
2/ Yes-no question :
S + asked + object + if / whether + S + V + O
(changed)
Ex : She said : “ Do you go to school today, my son?”
=> She asked her son if / whether he went to school that day.
Ex : “Are you a teacher?” he asked me.
=> He asked me if / whether I was a teacher.
3/ Wh-questions :
S + asked + object + wh-word + S + V + O
↓ (changed)
who
what
where
when

Ex : She said : “ Where are you going now, Tom?”

=> She asked Tom where he was going then.
4/ Imperatives :

asked
told to infinitive
S + ordered + object +
forced not + to infinitive
advised
begged
Ex : She said : “Open the windows, please.”
=> She told me to open the windows

Ex : He said : “ Don’t be late for school, Alice”

=> He advised Alice not to be late for school.
Notes :

1/ Khi động từ tường thuật ở các thì hiện tại (hiện tại đơn, hiện tại hoàn thành,
hiện tại tiếp diễn) hay tương lai thì ta không đổi thì của động từ cũng như các từ chỉ
thời gian và nơi chốn.

Ex : She says : “ I will go there with you today.”

=> She says that she will go there with me today.
2/ Khi động từ tường thuật ở quá khứ ta tiến hành đổi thì của động từ và các từ chỉ
thời gian và nơi chốn từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp như sau :

Direct speech Reported speech

(câu trực tiếp) (câu tường thuật)
TENSES
* Simple present tense  Simple past tense
( Verb / V+s/es ) (V+ed / V2)
* Present continuous tense  Past continuous tense
(am / is / are + V+ing) (was / were + V+ing)
* Present perfect tense  Past perfect tense
(have / has + V+ed / V3) (had + V+ed / V3)
* Simple past tense  Past perfect tense
(V+ed / V2) (had + V+ed / V3)
* Past perfect tense  Past perfect tense
(had + V+ed / V3) (had + V+ed / V3)
* Will / Can / May  Would / Could / Might
* Must  Had to
* Have to  Had to
* Should / Ought to  Should / Ought to
DEMONSTRATIVE
* This  That
* These  Those
PLACE
* Here  There
* There  There
TIME
* Now  Then
* Today  That day
* Tonight  That night
* Tomorrow  The next day / The following day
* Yesterday  The day before / The previous day
* Ago  Before
* Last week  The previous week
* Next week  The following week
EXERCISES
Reported speech
A. Statements :
1. “I see her today,” he said.
=> He said ……………………………………………………………………
2. “I don’t like this film,” John said to Mary.
=> John told Mary ……………………………………………………………
3. Hoa said to David, “I can’t go to the movies with you tomorrow.”
=> Hoa told David ……………………………………………………………
4. We said to them, “Your houses are very nice.”
=> We told them ……………………………………………………………..
5. Van said, “ I like oranges better than bananas.”
=> Van said …………………………………………………………………..
6. “We’ll stay at home,” Ba and Liz said.
=> Ba and Liz said …………………………………………………………...
7. “I play a game with him,” Bill said.
=> Bill said …………………………………………………………………….
8. Mr. Pike said, “I need an aspirin now.”
=> Mr. Pike said ………………………………………………………………
9. “I may have a new job here,” Mrs Hoa said.
=> Mrs Hoa said ………………………………………………………………
10. “The subject is interesting,” the students said.
=> The students said …………………………………………………………
11. “I have something to show you now,” he said to me.
=> He told me …………………………………………………………………
12. “I’m leaving here for Hue tomorrow,” she said.
=> She said ……………………………………………………………………..
13. “I’ll come with you as soon as I am ready,” Tom said to her.
=> Tom said to her ……………………………………………………………..
14. “I must go now,” the father said to us.
=> The father told us …………………………………………………………...
15. “I’m having a good time here,” said Maryam.
=> Maryam said …………………………………………………………………
B. Yes-no questions :
1. “Can you play the piano?”, he asked the girl.
=> He asked the girl …………………………………………………………….
2. “Do you like pop music?”, Hoa told Maryam.
=> Hoa asked Maryam ………………………………………………………….
3. “Can you speak French and English?”, she asked.
=> She asked me ………………………………………………………………..
4. “Do you listen to music a lot?”, she said.
=> She asked me ………………………………………………………………..
5. “Are you hungry?”, she asked us.
=> She asked us …………………………………………………………………
6. “Do you always go to church on Sundays?”, she asked me.
=> She asked me …………………………………………………………………
 7.“Is a return ticket cheaper than 2 singles?”, said my aunt.
=> My aunt asked …………………………………………………………………
C. Wh-questions :
1. “Why do you come here late?”, she asked me.
=> She asked me ………………………………………………………………….
2. “Where do you live, the boy?”, asked the man.
=> The man asked …………………………………………………………………
3. “What’s your favorite color?”, she said to me.
=> She asked me …………………………………………………………………...
4. The policeman said, “What is happening?”
=> The policeman asked …………………………………………………………...
5. She asked me, “ Why do you have to do this work?”
=> She asked me ……………………………………………………………………
6. The man asked them, “What do you know about animals?”
=> The man asked them ……………………………………………………………
7. “How old are you?”, she asked me.
=> She asked me ……………………………………………………………………
8. “How do you go to school?”, I asked her.
=> I asked her ………………………………………………………………………..
Reported speech
1. Nhi said, “I am visiting Hoi An now.”
 Nhi said that .......................................................................................................................
2. She said, “I must stay at home tomorrow.”
 She said that ......................................................................................................................
3. Hoa asked Tim,” Do you like this place ?”
 Hoa asked Tim ...................................................................................................................
4. She said,” Can you speak Spanish, Minh ?”
 She asked Minh .................................................................................................................
5. My friend said,” Are you going to leave tomorrow ?”
 My friend asked me ...........................................................................................................
6. She asked the tourists, “ Do you know the way to the station ?”
 She asked the tourtists ......................................................................................................
7. “ Do you want to visit Dien Bien Phu, Lan ?” I said.
 I asked Lan ........................................................................................................................
8. “ Does your brother study at a university, Nam ?” Quang asked me.
 Quang asked Nam .............................................................................................................
9. “ Is Ha Long Bay in Northern Viet Nam, Phuong ?” Mary asked Phuong.
 Mary asked Phuong .................................................................................................................
10. “ Is Phong Nha Cave far from Ha Noi, Lan ?” Peter asked.
 Peter asked Lan .......................................................................................................................
11. “ Can you lend me some money?” Henry said to Susan
=> Henry asked Susan if ...............................................................................................................
12. “ Where do you live ?” The interviewer said to me.
=> The interviewer asked ..............................................................................................................
13. They asked him, “ Do you like to play this game ?”
=> They asked ...............................................................................................................................
14. She asked me, “ Why do you have to do this work ?”
=> She asked ................................................................................................................................
15. “ Do you always go to church on Sundays ?” she asked me.
=> She asked me ..........................................................................................................................
16. “ Are you hungry ?” she asked us.
=> She asked us ...........................................................................................................................
17. “How many languages can you speak?” The examiner asked.
=> The examiner asked me …………………………………………………………………………….
. They couldn’t help you because they were not here.
=> They were not here, ................................................................................................