VIDEO

It is a wave that moves

parallel to the
motion of the particles of
medium.

LONGITUDINAL
COMPRESSION RAREFACTION
Are waves that move
perpendicular
to the movement of the
particles
of the medium.

TRANSVERSE
 CREST

TROUGH
 It is the distance from one
compression or trough to the
next or between two successive
compressions(trough).

Wavelength
The number of compressions
passing by a certain point in 1
second.

FREQUENCY
VERY GOOD !!!
ACTIVITY 1
GUESS the WORD

and the SENTENCE

Guess the picture. If you guessed the picture, get the first letter of
each picture to guess the word.
W A V E
V V

V
W H E R E D O E S

S O U N D T R A V E L S

F A S T E S T
 WHERE DOES
SOUND TRAVELS
FASTEST?
PROBLEM SOLVING
REVIEW
PROBLEM SOLVING
REVIEW
OBJECTIVES
Identify the different media where the sound could travel.

Distinguish which material transmits sound the fastest through an

activity.

Cite the importance of sound waves as it travel in different media.

Waves are classified into
2 kinds

1.LONGITUDINAL WAVES
2. TRANSVERSE WAVES
 1.LONGITUDINAL WAVES
-are waves created by pushing and
the medium.
It is a wave that moves parallel to the
motion of the particles of medium.
Sound wave-is an example of longitudinal
 LONGITUDINAL WAVES
- It is created by force applied per unit
area (pressure). Thus longitudinal
wave is also called PRESSURE WAVE.
Sound waves are example of
Longitudinal wave.
2. TRANSVERSE WAVES
- are waves that move perpendicular
to the movement of the particles
of the medium.
An example of transverse wave is HEAT.

In this wave, TROUGH and CREST are produced.

TROUGH- is the lowest part of a transverse wave
CREST-is the highest portion of a transverse wave.
CHARACTERISTICS OF WAVE(Sound) :
1. WAVELENGTH-is the distance
from one compression/trough
to the next or between two
successive compressions/trough.
-its units is meter(m)
2. FREQUENCY-the number of
compressions passing by a certain
point in 1 second.
- its unit is Hertz,
- the higher the frequency, the
higher pitch
PITCH- describes how high or low
a sound is.
it is measured in hertz.
Human ears can only hear 20-20,000 Hz
Infrasonic-lower than 20 Hz
Ultrasonic-greater than 20,000 Hz
 Amplitude-the HIGHNESS of wave
- the greater the amplitude , the
louder the sound.
Loudness- intensity of sound. Unit
for intensity is decibel(dB)
3. SPEED OF WAVE
- the product(multiply) of
measured wavelength and the
computed frequency.
 = f  or v= 
T
SOUND
Are vibrations that travel through a medium such as air.

It is transmitted in a medium through vibrations of particles

in a medium.

It consists of waves that travels or propagates through a

medium. Meaning sound cant travel through a vacuum.
Medium
(Plural: Media)
A material regarded as a means of transmission
of a wave (particularly sound) from the source
going to the receiver.

3 Kinds of Media
-particles are packed
together

-since the particles

are close with each
other, the vibrations
travel fastest in this
medium.
-particles are loosely
packed and have spaces
in between
- though they are close with
each other but there are
spaces in between, the
vibrations would take time
before it moves to the next
particle, the vibrations travel
slower in this medium.
-molecules are far from
each other
-they constantly move in
all directions, which
makes the vibrations
move slowest in this
medium.
For every 1 degree C
increase in temperature,
there is a 0.6m/s increase
in the speed of sound.

1 C = 0.6 m/s
VIDEO
QUIZ
____1. Which of the following materials best transmit sound?
A. Solid B. Gas C. Liquid D. B and C
____2. It is said that sound travels faster in medium with particles that are
very close with each other, which of the following materials sound travels
faster?
A. carbon dioxide B. water C. steel D. Space
____3. Which of the following particles can make the speed of sound transmit
fast?
QUIZ
TRUE or FALSE. Write T if the statement is true and F is it is false.

_____4. Sound is propagated only through a medium.

_____5. Sound travels slowest in air.
_____6. Sounds can travel through empty space (a vacuum).
_____7. Sounds travel faster in liquids than in solids.
_____8. Sound travels slower in medium with particles that are very close
with each other.
_____9. Sound travels fastest in solid, slower in liquid and slowest in gas.
_____10. Steel is a better transmitter of sound than water.
ASSIGNMENT

1.Where does sound

travels fastest, in hot or
cold medium?
2.How does temperature
affects the speed of
sound?
2 types of waves

1. TRANSVERSE

2. LONGITUDINAL
FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE
SPEED OF SOUNDS

1.Elastic property

2.Phase of Matter

3.Density of Medium

4. Temperature of the medium

 When people think of the term “elastic”
the first thing that comes to their mind is
rubber or lastiko. So every time they talk
about elasticity, they think that rubber is
the most elastic material. But that is a
misconception, stretching is not equal to
elasticity. When we say “elasticity” it is
the ability of the material to maintain its
shape and not deform when force is
applied to the object or medium. Steel
Between metal and rubber, metal is more
capable of being elastic that rubber.

Rubber
1.Elastic property
Elastic property- the tendency of a
material to maintain its shape and not
deform when force is applied to the
object or medium.

Sound travels faster in medium with high Steel

elastic property(like steel) than in lower
elastic property like rubber.

Steel –is rigid material , its particles have

strong forces of attraction for each other.
Rubber
Rubber-easily deform or flexible material
2.Phase of Matter

Solid, Liquid and Gas are the three main phases of matter.

Bond strength between particles is strongest in solid

materials and is weakest in gases.

Sound waves travel faster in solids than liquids and faster in

liquids than in gases.
 3.Density of Medium

When the medium is dense, the molecules in the medium

are closely packed, which means that the sound travels
faster. Therefore, the speed of sound increases as the
density of the medium increases.
4. Temperature of the medium
Sound is directly affected by the temperature of the
medium. The hotter the medium, the faster the
sound travels.

At high temperature particles have more

energy(kinetic) and thus vibrate faster.
4. Temperature of the medium
Temperature greater than 0 C speed of sound is
greater than 331 m/s by an amount 0.6 m/s /C of the
temperature of the medium.

 = 331 m/s + 0.6 m/s ( )

°C
SPEED OF SOUND IN AIR
Temperature (0C) Speed (m/s)
0 331
5 334
10 337
20 343
For every 1 degree C
increase in temperature,
there is a 0.6m/s increase
in the speed of sound.

1 C = 0.6 m/s
What is the speed of sound in Metro
Manila if its temperature is 30 °C?

 = 331 m/s + 0.6 m/s ( )

°C
PROPERTIES OF SOUND

REFLECTION

REFRACTION
REFLECTION
is described as turning back of a wave as it
hits a barrier.
Example: People would sing in private places like bathroom
because hard walls or small dimension create echoes or
multiple reflection of sound.

Echo is an example of reflected sound.

Reverberation refers to multiple reflections or
echoes in a certain place.
ECHO

REVERBERATION
ECHO

SONAR RADAR
REVERBERATION
WHY OPEN FIELD CONCERTS
HELD IN THE EVENING?
REFRACTION
is described as the changing in speed of sound resulting to the bending of
sounds when it encounters a medium of different density or
temperature, or altitude.

Example:
Open field concerns are held
during nighttime because
sound is heard better in far
areas during nighttime than
during daytime. This happen
due to refraction.
Materials:

watch/clock that ticks

mobile phone
wooden dowel 80-100 cm long (or wooden ruler)
metal rod 80-100 cm long
string (1 meter) (yarn, nylon or cotton pwede)
metal spoon
3 pieces zip lock bag (3x3) or waterproof mobile phone carrying case (I have zip
lock bag but if you have a waterproof case then please bring it.