HANNAH JANE SUETOS

ALICIA SAMBRANA

EMESIS

-Act of forceful expulsion of gastric contents through the mouth

Pathophysiology of Emesis

 Vomiting is caused by noxious stimulation of the vomiting center directly or indirectly via 1 or
more of 4 additional sites: the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the vestibular system, the
chemoreceptor trigger zone, and higher centers in the cortex and thalamus

ANTIEMETICS

-a group of drugs which are used to control nausea and vomiting

EXAMPLE OF ANTIEMETIC DOPAMINE ANTAGONIST

1. Metoclopramide (Reglan)

USE

-Metoclopramide is used to treat the symptoms of slow stomach emptying (gastroparesis) in patients
with diabetes. It works by increasing the movements or contractions of the stomach and intestines.

CONTRAINDICATION

- it is contraindicated in patients with pheochromocytoma probably due to release of catecholamines

from the tumor. This drug cause hypertensive crises may be controlled by phentolamine.

SIDE EFFECT

- drowsiness.

excessive tiredness.

weakness.

headache.

dizziness.

diarrhea.
nausea.

vomiting.

DRUG INTERACTION

-Metoclopramide increase increase absorption rate of drugs like asprine, diazepam

2. Domperidone (Motilium)

USE

-helps you to stop feeling or being sick (nausea or vomiting). It can also be used to treat stomach pain

CONTRAINDICATION

-contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to domperidone,in the presence of gastro-

intestinal haemorrhage, obstruction or perforation and in patients with prolactin-releasing pituitary
tumour

SIDE EFFECTS

-Difficulty in speaking.

disorientation.

dizziness.

irregular heartbeat.

light-headedness.

loss of balance or muscle control

DRUG INTERACTION

-may enhanced the absorption of concurrently administered drugs.

3. Chlorpromazine

USE

-used to treat the symptoms of schizophrenia (a mental illness that causes disturbed or unusual
thinking, loss of interest in life, and strong or inappropriate emotions)

CONTRAINDICATIONS
-Chlorpromazine should not be given if there is a known hypersensitivity or allergy to phenothiazines.
The drug should be used cautiously in patients on antihypertensive medications due to the risk of
developing severe hypotension

SIDE EFFECTS

-dizziness, feeling unsteady, or having trouble keeping your balance.

-blank facial expression.

-shuffling walk.

-restlessness.

-agitation.

-nervousness

DRUG INTERACTION

-may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects

https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00477