Qual

ti
tat
ivet
estofchar
bohy
drat
es

Carbohydrat
esar epolyhydroxyaldehydesandket ones,ar emai nlydiv
ided
i
ntomonosacchar i
des,disacchari
desand Pol ysaccharides.Thecommonl y
occurr
ingmonosacchar i
desincludesglucose,f
ructose,gal act
ose,ribose etc.
Thetwomonosacchar i
descombi nedtogethert
of orm disaccharideswhich
i
ncludesucrose,lactoseandmal t
ose.Starchandcel l
ulosef al
lintothecategory
ofpolysacchari
deswhi chconsistsofmanymonosacchar ideresidues.

Mol
isch’
sTest
Thi
st estisspecif
icforallcar
bohydrat
es,Monosacchar
idegi
vesa
r
api
dposi
tiv
et est,
Disacchar
idesandpol
ysacchar
idesr
eactsl
ower.
Pr
inci
ple:
Theaci
dinreagentdehydr
atespent
osestoformf ur
fur
aland
dehydrat
eshexosestoform 5-hy
droxymethy
lfur
fur
al.Thefur
fural
sfurt
her
reactwit
hα-napht
holpresenti
nthetestr
eagentt
oproduceav iol
etri
ng.

I
Compounds&Reagent
s

1- conc.Sul
fur
icaci
d
2- al
phaNapht
hol:
prepar
ebydi
l
uti
ng5gm ofal
phaNapht
hol
in100ml
Ethanol
.

Met
hod:
• 2mlofsugarsoluti
oninatestt
ube.
•Add2dropsoft heα-
napht
holsol
uti
on(5%inet
hanol
,prepar
efr
esh)
•Careful
l
y,pourabout1mlofconc.H2SO4downthesi
deofthetubesoast
o
formtwolay
er
`2l ay
erswil
lfor
mssugari
nthet
opandaci
dint
hebot
tom t
heni
nthebor
der
li
ne
v
iol
ate
Ri
ngwi
l
lAppear
.

Bi
al’
sTest
Pr
inci
ple:
Thistestisusedt odistinguishpentosesugar s.l
ike(Ri boseandXy l
ose)
Bialr eagentcont ains HCl ,or
cinoland f erri
c chl ori
de.The pent ose sugars are
hydrolysedbyt heHClt of or
m afurfuralderi
vative.Thisder i
vat
ivet henreact
swi t
ht he
orcinoltofor
m abl ue-
gr eencompl exinthepr esenceoff err
ici
onsv iaacondensation
reacti
on.Poly saccharidesmadeup ofpent oseuni tsar ehy drolysed t
o breakt he
glycosidi
cbondsandt henunder got hesamer eactiont oformt hecompl ex.Hexoses
arealsohy dr
ol ysedandr eactwi
tht heorcinolbutf orm ar edtobr owncompl exrather
thanabl ue-
greencol ourat i
on.

I
I
Compounds&Reagent
s:
1- Fi
vecar
bonsugar
\Sol
uti
on(
RiboseorXy
lose1%concent
rat
ion)
.
2- Concent
rat
edHCl
.
3- Bai
l
'sr
eagentpr
epar
edbydi
ssol
vi
ng1.
5gm ofOr
cinol
in500ml
ofConc.
HCl
thenadd20dr
opsofFeCl
3(10%Conc.
)
Wor
kMet
hod:
1-
Add0.
5ml
ofsugarsol
uti
on
2-
1ml
ofbai
lreagent…
3-Heati
nboi
l
edwat
erbat
hfor2t
o3mi
nut
es,
sol
uti
onwi
l
lcol
ort
obl
ue-
greenwi
th
pent
oses.

Sel
i
wanof
f’
sTest
:
Pr
inci
ple:
Thi
stesti
sparti
cul
arforket
onessacchar
ides(Fr
uctose),thi
stestcanconsi
deras
modif
icat
ionofmoli
sche'
stestwher
eassulfur
icaci
dr epl
acedbyhy dr
ochl
ori
cacid,
al
phanaphtholr
epl
acedbyResorci
nolwit
houtthatbothtestsaresi
milari
nscient
if
ic
i
dea.

I
II
 HCl
-
3H2O

-
5hy
droxy
met
hyl
fur
fur
al

Met
hod:

1-
Sol
uti
onoff
ruct
osesugar1%.

2-
Sel
i
wanoffreagentpr
epar
edbydi
ssol
vi
ng0.
5gm orr
esor
cinoli
n1l
i
terofHCL
i
n3Molarconcentr
ati
on.
.٪1 ‫محلول سكر الفركتوز‬

‫هيدروكسي ميثيل فورفورال‬5 -

2-Seliwanofreagent ‫ جم أو‬0.5 ‫تم إعداده عن طريق إذابة‬resorcinolin1 ‫ لتر من‬HCL ‫ تركيز موالر‬3 ‫في‬.

Wor
kmet
hod:

1-
Put1ml
ofr
eagenti
ntestt
ubet
hen

2-Add0.
5ml
ofsugarSol
.

3-
Heatf
or1-
3mi
nut
es,
sol
uti
onwi
l
lbecomer
edcompl
ex.

:‫طريقة العمل‬

1-Put1mlofreagentintesttubethen 2-Add0.5mlofsugarSol. 3- ‫ حل معقد‬،‫ دقائق‬3-1 ‫الحرارة ملدة‬. .

I
V
 -
v v
+

Labresul
t:Fr
uct
oseisaketosesugarthatwil
lreactwi
ththereagenttof
ormthecherr
y
-r
edcomplexaft
er1minute.TheGlucosesolut
ionwill
alsoform api
nktoredcomplex
butnotaf
ter1minut
e.I
twillfor
mthecompl exafteralongerper
iod.