Qualitative Chemistry

66 ¸YMZ imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS
 ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES 
ASPECT SERIES 
1g cÎ ¸YMZ imvqb
Aa¨vq-02 QUALITATIVE CHEMISTRY
 SURVEY TABLE  wK coe?  †Kb coe?  †Kv_v n‡Z coe?  KZUzKz coe?
CONCEPT MAGNETIC TOPICS MAKING DECISION [†h Kvi‡Y co‡e] VVI For This Year
No. [hv co‡e] DU GU M & D S & T Engr. HSC WRITTEN MCQ
CONCEPT-01 cigvYyi †g․wjK KwYKv 25% 90% 25% 25% - 50% ** ***
CONCEPT-02 cvigvYweK gZev` I cigvYyi g‡Wjmg~n - 25% 90% 25% - 75% *** **
CONCEPT-03 ISO (AvB‡mv) m¤úwK©Z Z_¨ 90% 75% 90% 50% 50% 50% ** ****
CONCEPT-04 †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v 50% 75% 25% 90% 75% 90% **** ****
CONCEPT-05 AiweU I AiweUvj m¤cwK©Z Z_¨vejx 80% 90% - 75% - 75% **** ****
CONCEPT-06 B‡jKUªb web¨vm I K‡qKwU bxwZ 75% 50% 50% 75% 75% 90% *** ***
CONCEPT-07 eY©vjxwgwZ 25% 50% 95% 50% 25% 75% *** ****
CONCEPT-08 `ªve¨Zv, `ªve¨Zvi ¸Ydj (`ªve¨Zv ¸Yv¼) I `ªve¨Zv bxwZ 75% 75% 75% 75% 90% 90% **** ****
CONCEPT-09 wewfbœ Avqb kbv³KiY I MÖæc weKviK 50% 50% 75% 50% 50% 75% *** **
CONCEPT-10 •Re †h․‡Mi Avw½K we‡kølY 30% 75% 90% 75% - - * ***
CONCEPT-11 †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd - 50% 75% 50% - 25% * ***
CONCEPT-12 †ZRw¯…qZv I wbDwK¬qvi wewµqv 90% 75% 50% 90% 90% -
CONCEPT-13 MvwYwZK mgm¨v I gvbwmK mgvavb 90% 25% - 75% 90% 75% **** ****
BASIC TOUCH AT A GLANCE ¸iæZ¡c~Y© kã¸‡”Qi cwiwPwZ I cÖ‡qvM (TOPICS Gi ¸iæZ¡vbymv‡i)

kã cwiwPwZ I cÖ‡qvM
iv`vi‡dv‡W©i iv`vi‡dv‡W©i g‡Wj Abyhvqx wbDwK¬qvm‡K †K›`ª K‡i B‡jKUªbmg~n cÖPÛ MwZ‡Z N~Y©biZ, †hb •e`y¨wZK AvKl©YRwbZ †K›`ªgyLx ej
cigvYy g‡Wj Ges N~Y©vqgvb B‡jKUª‡bi †K›`ª ewng~©wL ej ci¯úi‡K cÖkwgZ K‡i|
Zwor †P․¤^Kxq †iwW‡qkb cigvYyi B‡jKUªbxq KvVv‡gv Aa¨q‡bi Aci GKwU Dcvq n‡jv cigvYy †_‡K wbtm„Z Zwor †P․¤^Kxq †iwW‡qk‡bi we‡kølY|
cigvYy‡Z B‡jKUªbmg~n wbw`©ó kw³¯Í‡i Ae¯vb K‡i| B‡jKUªb hLb wb¤œ kw³¯Íi †_‡K D”PZi kw³¯Í‡i DcbxZ nq, ZLb kw³
†ev‡ii cigvYy g‡Wj †kvwlZ nq| Avevi, B‡jKUªb hLb D”P kw³¯Íi †_‡K wb¤œ kw³¯Í‡i AebwgZ nq, ZLb GKwU †dvUb wewKwiZ nq| †dvUbwUi kw³
mswkøó kw³¯Íi `ywUi cv_©‡Kï mgvb|
B‡jKUª‡bi •ØZ •ewkó¨ B‡jKUªb Ges c`v‡_©i Ab¨vb¨ KwYKvmg~‡ni •ØZ •ewkó¨ i‡q‡Q: KYv I Zi½ •ewkó¨|
†hme msL¨v Øviv cigvYyi g‡a¨ †Kv_vq, Kxfv‡e B‡jKUªb¸‡jv Ae¯vb Ki‡e, Zvi mwVK Ges c~Y©v½ eY©b v †Ìqvi cÖKvk‡K Zv‡ì
†Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v
†Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v e‡j| cigvYy‡Z we`¨gvb cÖwZwU B‡jKUªb‡K PviwU wfbœZi †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v Øviv wPwýZ Kiv nq|
†h msL¨vi mvnv‡h¨ †Kv‡bv GKwU B‡jKUªb †Kvb cÖavb kw³¯Í‡i †_‡K wbDwK¬qv‡mi PZzw`©‡K AveZ©bkxj Zv cÖKvk Kiv nq Zv‡K cÖavb
cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v
†Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v e‡j| cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v (n) Øviv cÖavb kw³¯Íimg~n cÖKvwkZ nq| GwU cigvYyi AvKvi (size) wbav©iY K‡i|
cigvYy‡Z B‡jKUªb AveZ©‡bi Rb¨ cÖwZwU cÖavb kw³ ¯Íi wbw`©ó msL¨K Dckw³¯Í‡i wef³ _v‡K| GKwU B‡jKUªb cÖavb kw³¯Í‡ii
mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v †Kvb Dc¯Í‡i i‡q‡Q Zv cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ †h †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v eëüZ nq Zv‡K mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v e‡j| mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg
msL¨v, l Øviv AiweUv‡ji AvK…wZ (shape) cÖKvwkZ nq: s, p, d, f ..... Aÿimg~n l = 0, 1, 2, 3, .... Gi mv‡_ mswkøó|
B‡jKUª‡bi N~Y©‡bi d‡j cigvYyi Af¨šÍ‡i cÖ_‡g we`y¨r †ÿÎ Ges Zvi cÖfv‡e †P․¤^K †ÿ‡Îi m„wó nq| †P․¤^K †ÿ‡Îi cÖfv‡e
‡P․¤^Kxq †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v B‡jKUª‡bi wewfbœ AiweUv‡ji Iwi‡q‡›Ukb ev Awfweb¨vm N‡U| GB web¨vm cÖKiYmg~n‡K cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨ †h †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi
AeZviYv Kiv nq Zv‡K g¨vM‡bwUK †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v e‡j| G‡K m Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq|
B‡jKUªb wbR A‡ÿi Dci Nwoi KuvUvi AveZ©‡bi w`‡K ev wecixZ w`‡K jvwU‡gi g‡Zv Nyi‡Z Nyi‡Z wbDwK¬qvm‡K cÖ`wÿY K‡i|
w¯úb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v
wbR A‡ÿi PZzw`©‡K B‡jKUª‡bi N~Y©‡bi w`K cÖKvkKvix msL¨v‡K w¯úb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v e‡j| G‡K s Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq|
UV Øviv Rvj †bvU kbv³KiY AwZ‡e¸bx gwbU‡ii gva¨‡g Rvj †bvU, Rvj wfmv, Rvj cvm‡cvU©‡K AwZ `ªæZZvi mv‡_ kbv³ Kiv hvq|
Gg.Avi.AvB g¨vM‡bwUK †i‡Rvb¨vÝ B‡gwRs (MRI) eZ©gv‡b KwZcq †ivM wbY©‡qi †ÿ‡Î eûj cÖPwjZ GKwU c×wZ|
‡Kvb †g․‡ji eY©vwj †iLv AZ¨šÍ mywbw`©ó| `ywU †g․‡ji †ÿ‡Î KL‡bv GKBiKg eY©vwj‡iLv AwR©Z nq bv| d‡j eY©vwj †iLv †g․‡ji
eY©vwj †iLv
kbv³Ki‡Y ÔwdsMvi wcÖ›UÕ wn‡m‡e cwiMwYZ|
wbw`©ó ZvcgvÎvq 100 MÖvg `ªveK m¤ú„³ Ki‡Z hZ MÖvg †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó DòZvq, ¯^í`ªve¨ †Kv‡bv AvqwbK †h․‡Mi m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Y
`ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj
mvg¨ve¯vq AvqbØ‡qi NbgvÎvi ¸Ydj‡K `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj e‡j|
†Kjvmb ‡Kv‡bv c`v‡_©i m¤ú„³ `ªeY †_‡K †Kjvm MV‡bi cÖwµqv‡K †Kjvmb e‡j| cybt‡Kjvmb c×wZ Øviv c`v‡_©i weï×KiY Kiv nq|
 ASPECT SERIES  cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm 
CHEMISTRY PLUS ¸YMZ imvqb 67
kã cwiwPwZ I cÖ‡qvM
‣Re †h․‡Mi weï×Ki‡Y eëüZ c×wZmg~n n‡jv: cvZb, AvswkK cvZb, ev®ú cvZb BZ¨vw`| †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd c×wZ‡Z †h․M
•Re †h․‡Mi weï×KiY
wgkÖ‡Yi c„_KxKiY, weï×KiY I cwigvYMZ we‡kølY m¤úbœ Kiv nq|
G bxwZ‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q ÒcigvYy‡Z B‡jKUªbmg~n wewfbœ kw³¯Í‡i cÖ‡e‡ki mgq, me©cÖ_g me‡P‡q Kg kw³m¤úbœ ¯Í‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡e|
AvDdevD bxwZ
wb¤œ kw³¯Íi c~Y© nIqvi ci cieZ©x‡Z D”PZi kw³m¤úbœ ¯Í‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡e|Ó Gfv‡eB cigvYy‡Z B‡jKUªbmg~‡ni web¨vm N‡U|
mgkw³m¤úbœ wewfbœ AiweUv‡j B‡jKUªbmg~n Ggbfv‡e cÖ‡ek Ki‡e †hb Zviv mev©waK cwigv‡Y AhyM¥ Ae¯vq _vK‡Z cv‡i| G
û‡Ûi bxwZ
AhyM¥ B‡jKUª‡bi w¯úb GKBgyLx nq|
G bxwZi Av‡jv‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwiÑ ÒGKwU cigvYy‡Z `ywU B‡jKUª‡bi PviwU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb GKBiƒc n‡Z cv‡i bv
cwji eR©b bxwZ
AšÍZ GKwU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb wfbœ nq|Ó
IR iwk¥ IR iwk¥ ev Ae‡jvwnZ iwk¥ GKeY©x Av‡jvK iwk¥| Gi mvnv‡h¨ wewfbœ †ivM wbY©q Kiv hvq|
cvZb ‡Kv‡bv Zij wgkÖY‡K cÖ_‡g ev®úxfeb K‡i Zvici GB ev®ú‡K Nbxfeb K‡i cybivq Zi‡j cwiYZ Kivi cÖwµqvB cvZb|
AvswkK cvZb ‡Kv‡bv Zij Dcv`v‡bi wgkÖY †_‡K GK GK K‡i Dcv`vb¸‡jv‡K Ask Ask K‡i c„_K Kivi c×wZ‡K AvswkK cvZb ejv nq|
‡µvgv‡UvMÖvwd G c×wZ‡Z Dcv`vb‡K weï× AvKv‡i c„_KxKiY, GKB mv‡_ kbv³KiY Ges cwigvY wbY©q Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
PART-01: STRUCTURE OF ATOM
cigvYy t cig+AYy = cigvYy| cig A_© AZ¨šÍ Avi AYy A_© ÿz`ª| cigvYy k‡ãi A_© AZ¨šÍ ÿz`ª| weÁvbx †W‡gvwµUv‡mi g‡Z, cigvYy A_© (A = not,
tom = divisible) AwefvR¨| A¨vwi÷U‡ji g‡Z, G aviYv wU fyj| cieZ©xKv‡j ¯‥zj wkÿK Rb Wvë‡bi nv‡ZB cigvYy gZev` •eÁvwbK iƒc jvf K‡i|
 CONCEPT 01 cigvYyi †g․wjK KwYKv [EXQ. MAT, JU, RU, CU]

 Item-01: A. cigvYyi msL¨v m¤úwK©Z Z_¨t cigvYyi †gvU KwYKvi msL¨v 200 Gi gZ| Gi g‡a¨ ¯vqx KwYKv 3wU|
g~j KwYKv
¯’vqx g~j KwYKv (3) A¯’vqx g~j KwYKv (100) K‡¤úvwRU KwYKv (2)
B‡jKUªb ‡cÖvUb wbDUªb Avjdv KwYKv wWD‡Uib KwYKv
†KvqvK© (6)
¯’vqx †KvqvK© A¯’vqx †KvqvK©
Avc WvDb ÷ªs Pvg© eUg Uc
cvBIb wgDIb cwRUªb MÖvwfUb ‡gmb ‡evmb wbDwUª‡bv Gw›U wbDwUª‡bv
A¯vqx g~j KwYKv (cÖvq 100) : wbD Avw›Ui cvwR †g‡q Mv‡W©‡b e‡m gb †cj|
wbD Avw›Ui cvwR †g‡q Mv‡W©‡b e‡m gb †cj
wbDwUª‡bv A¨vw›UwbDwUª‡bv cwRUªb, cwRwUª‡bv †gmb MÖ¨vwfUb †evmb wgDIb cvBIb
 g‡b ivLvi wUcm : ¯vqx KwYKv 3wU (B‡jKUªb, †cÖvUb, wbDUªb), K‡¤úvwRU KwYKv 2wU (Avjdv, wWD‡Uib) GQvov evKx meB A¯vqx KwYKv|
 ‡R‡b ivLv fvj :
 B‡jKUªb‡K ejv nq Kÿc‡_ mÂviYkxj FYvZ¥K KYv|  †cÖvUb‡K ejv nq †g․‡ji cwiwPwZ wba©viK|
 wbDUªb‡K ejv nq wbi‡cÿZvi iƒcKvi|  wbDUªb msL¨v AvB‡mv‡Uvc wba©viY K‡i|
 †g․‡ji AvB‡mv‡Uvc Dnvi wbDUªb msL¨vi Dci wbf©ikxj|  †cÖvUb msL¨v I wbDUªb msL¨v‡K ejv nq wbDwK¬qb msL¨v ev fimsL¨v|
 †cÖvUb MwVZ nq `ywU Avc †KvqvK© Ges GKwU WvDb †KvqvK© wb‡q|  wbDUªb MwVZ nq `ywU WvDb †KvqvK© Ges GKwU Avc †KvqvK© wb‡q|
+2 –1
 Avc †Kvqv‡K©i PvR© 3 (e–) Ges WvDb †Kvqv‡K©i PvR© 3 (e–)|
 Item-02: Q‡Ki gva¨‡g cigvYyi wewfbœ KwYKvi eY©bv †`qv nj-
bvg cigvYy wbDwK¬qvm B‡jKUªb (en) †cÖvUb (Pn) wbDUªb (Nn)
Avwe®‥vi wLªt c~e© 4_©/5g kZvãx| 1911 1897 1919 1932
Avwe®‥viK ‡W‡gvwµUvm iv`vi‡dvW© ‡R. †R. _gmb iv`vi‡dvW© P¨vWDBK
Ae¯vb - †K‡›`ª Kÿc‡_ wbDwK¬qv‡m wbDwK¬qv‡m
- 4.810-10 e.s.u +4.810-10e.s.u
PvR© wbi‡cÿ (0) abvZ¥K (+ve) wbi‡cÿ (0)
ev, -1.610-19C ev, +1.610-19C
fi 10-27 – 10-25kg cigvYyi (cÖvq) mg¯Í fi 9.108510-28gm 1.67210-24gm 1.674410-24gm
nvB‡Wªv‡R‡bi 1
- - ¸Y mgvb GKUz †ewk
Zzjbvq fi 1837
e¨vmva© 10–8 cm 10–12 - 10–13 cm 1.410–13 cm 1.410–13 cm 1.410–13 cm
imvq‡b Av‡cwÿK Pv‡R©i ev f‡ii †Kvb GKK †bB
 Item-03: ms‡KZ n‡Z †g․‡ji cwiPq wbY©q ev B‡jKUªb, †cÖvUb I wbDUªb msL¨v wbY©q :
mvaviY ms‡KZ cwiwPwZ
A m X = †g․‡ji cÖZxK, A = P + n = wbDwK¬qb/gvm/cvigvYweK fi msL¨v,
Z Xn m = PvR©, n = cigvYyi msL¨v, Z = cvigvYweK msL¨v/‡cÖvUb msL¨v
A. B‡jKUªb msL¨v (e); †cÖvUb msL¨v(p) I wbDUªb msL¨v (n) wbY©q

31 18
15P (p = 15, e = 15, n = 31–15 = 16)
[JU-A5.2017-18] 8O2– (p = 8, e = 8+2 = 10, n = 18–8 = 10) [CU.2000-01,JU.13-14]
4 ++ 32 2–
[JU-A1.2017-18] [RU. 2011-12]
2He (p = 2, e = 2–2 = 0, n = 4–2 = 2) 16S (p = 16, e = 16+2 = 18, n = 32–16 = 16)
1 +
N– (p =7, e =7+1=8, n = 15–7 =8)
15
[JU-A3.2017-18] [JU-A9.2017-18]
1H (p = 1, e = 1–1 = 0, n = 1–1 = 0) 7
B. GKvwaK AYyi †¶‡Î wbDUªb msL¨v(n) wbY©q

wbDUªb msL¨v, n = (A – Z)  cigvYyi msL¨v  AYyi msL¨v
MODEL EXAMPLE SOLVE MODEL EXAMPLE SOLVE
14 16
(14 – 7)  2  20 = 280 (16 – 8)  2  15 = 240
7N2 Gi 20wU AYyi wbDUªb msL¨v KZ? 8O2 Gi 15wU AYyi wbDUªb msL¨v KZ?
32 31
(32 – 16)  8  10 = 1280 (31 – 15)  4  10 = 640
16S8 Gi 10wU AYyi wbDUªb msL¨v KZ? 15P4 Gi 10wU AYyi wbDUªb msL¨v KZ?
C. †h․Mg~j‡Ki B‡jKUªb msL¨v I †hvRb B‡jKUªb msL¨v wbY©q

01. Kve©‡bi cvigvYweK msL¨v 6Ges Aw·‡R‡bi cvigvYweK msL¨v 8. Kve©‡bU g~j‡K †gvU B‡jKUªb msL¨v wbY©q Ki|
mgvavb: CO32- g~j‡Ki B‡jKUªb msL¨v = Kve©‡bi B‡jKUªb msL¨v + (3 Aw·‡R‡bi B‡jKUªb msL¨v) + 2 (`ywU FYvZ¥K Avav‡bi Rb¨)
CO32- = 6 + (38) + 2 = 6 + 24 + 2 = 32
04. mvjdvi Gi †cÖvUb msL¨v 16 I Aw·‡R‡bi †cÖvUb msL¨v 8| GKwU S2O32– Avq‡b †gvU †hvRb B‡jKUªb msL¨v KZ?
mgvavb: S2O32– g~j‡Ki †hvRb B‡jKUªb msL¨v = 2  mvjdv‡ii †hvRb B‡jKUªb msL¨v + (3 Aw·‡R‡bi †hvRb B‡jKUªb msL¨v) + 2 (2wU FYvZ¥K Avav‡bi
Rb¨) = 62 + (36) + 2 = 32
†h․Mg~jK ev Avqb B‡jKUªb msL¨v †hvRb B‡jKUªb msL¨v
SO42– 16 + (48) + 2 = 16 + 32 + 2 = 50 6 + (46) + 2 = 32
NO3– 7+ (38) + 1 = 7 + 24 + 1 =32 5+ (36) + 1 = 24
S4O62– (16  4) + (86) + 2 = 114 (64) + (66) + 2 = 62
NH4+ 7 + (1 × 4) – 1 = 10 5 + (1 × 4) – 1 = 8
weÁvb wkÿv_©x‡ì AwZ mn‡RB D”PZi K¨vwiqvi I myD”P wel‡q PvÝ †c‡Z..........
 Avm‡c± evsjv  Avm‡c± ENGLISH  Avm‡c± GK  Avm‡c± c`v_©  Avm‡c± MwYZ  Avm‡c± Rxe

SAQ
Short Ans Question WRITTEN SUGGESTION BAQ
Broad Ans Question
cÖkœ-1 : H+ †K †cÖvUb ejv nq †Kb?

DËi : 1wU H cigvYy‡Z 1wU electron I 1wU †cÖvUb _v‡K| D³ H cigvYy‡Z 1wU electron Z¨vM Ki‡j GwU H+ Avq‡b cwiYZ nq| A_©vr 1wU H+ Avq‡b ïaygvÎ
GKwU †cÖvUb Qvov Avi wKQz _v‡K bv| ZvB H+ †K †cÖvUb ejv nq|
cÖkœ 2 : cigvbyi †gvU A¯vqx KwbKvi msL¨v KZ?
DËi : 100 wU|
cÖkœ 3 : †cÖvUb I wbDUªb msL¨v‡K GK‡G Kx e‡j?
DËi : wbDwK¬qb msL¨v |
cÖkœ 4 : iv`vi‡dvW© cigvYyi g‡Wj cixÿvi mn‡hvMx M‡elK e„‡›ì bvg †jL|
DËi : MvBMvi I gvm©‡Wb|
 REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS 

STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION e¨vL¨v: wbDUªb msL¨v = (fi msL¨v - †cÖvUb msL¨v)
†m‡ÿ‡Î D. Ackb G 10wU wbDUªb n‡e = 19-9 = 10
DU 88
01. _v‡qvmvj‡dU, S2O32– Avq‡b me©‡gvU †hvRb B‡jKUª‡bi msL¨v KZ? 07. Sr wbDwK¬qv‡m wb‡Pi †Kvb g~j KwYKv¸‡jv we`¨gvb?
38 [DU.1997-98]
[DU-Ka. 2014-15] A. 88wU wbDUªb I 38wU †cÖvUb
A. 28 B. 30 C. 32 D. 34 B. 88wU wbDUªb I 38wU †cÖvUb I 38wU B‡jKUªb
mwVK DËi: C. 32 C. 126wU wbDUªb I 38wU †cÖvUb
e¨vL¨v: S2O32– Avq‡b †hvRb B‡jKUªb msL¨v = (mvjdv‡ii †hvRb B‡jKUªb D. 50wU wbDUªb I 38wU †cÖvUb
msL¨v  2) + (Aw·‡R‡bi †hvRb B‡jKUªb msL¨v 3) + 2 (2wU FYvZ¥K mwVK DËi: D. 50wU wbDUªb I 38wU †cÖvUb
Avav‡bi Rb¨) = 62 + (63) + 2 = 32 e¨vL¨v: AZ Sr
31
02. 15 P4 Gi 15 wU AYyi g‡a¨ KqwU wbDUªb Av‡Q? [DU. 2010-2011, RU-F. 2015-16] GLv‡b, A = fi msL¨v, Z = cvt msL¨v/†cÖvUb msL¨v = 38
A. 160 B. 64 C. 960 D. 1800 myZivs wbDUªb msL¨v = A-Z = 88-38 =50
mwVK DËi: C. 960
31 JnU
e¨vL¨v: 15 P4 Gi GKwU AYyi wbDUªb msL¨v = (31-15)  4 = 16  4 = 64 01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU cigvYyi ¯vqx g~j KwYKv? [JnU-A.2017-18]
 15 wU AYyi wbDUªb msL¨v = 64 15 = 960 A. cwRUªb B. wbDwUª‡bv C. wbDUªb D. ‡gmb
03. B‡j±ª‡bi fi / cÖK…Z fi? [DU. 2009-2010, JU:2013-2014,2009-10] mwVK DËi: C. wbDUªb
A. 5.5  10-23g B. 10.7  10-17g e¨vL¨v: B‡jKUªb, †cÖvUb I wbDUªb nj cigvYyi 3wU ¯vqx g~j KwYKv|
C. 9.1  10 g
-28
D. 9.1  10-30g 02. 1Å mgvb KZ? [JnU. 2015-16]
mwVK DËi: C. 9.1  10-28 g A. 10–10m B. 10–8m C. 10–9m D. 106m
–10
04. GKwU cigvYyi bxU Avavb +1| Gi 18wU B‡j±ªb Ges 20wU wbDUªb i‡q‡Q| mwVK DËi: A. 10 m
-10 -9
GwUi †cÖvUb msL¨v n‡”Q: [DU. 2009-2010] e¨vL¨v: 1Å = 10 m, 1nm = 10 m
27
A. 18 B. 19 C. 20 D. 21 03. 13 Al wbDwK¬qvmwU‡Z wbDUª‡bi msL¨v nj- [JnU. 05-06,CU.2010-11]
mwVK DËi: B. 19 A. 13 B. 27 C. 14 D. 40
e¨vL¨v: p = e  x = 18 + 1 = 19 mwVK DËi: C. 14
05. †g․‡ji cwiwPwZ wb‡Pi †Kvb †g․wjK KwYKvi msL¨vi Dci wbf©ikxj? e¨vL¨v: wbDUªb msL¨v = 27- 13 = 14
[DU.2000-2001,CU. 2011–12; CU. 2019-20]
A. B‡jKUªªb B. cwRUªb C. †cÖvUb D. wbDUªb JU
mwVK DËi: C. ‡cÖvUb 01. †Kvb cigvYy¸‡jvi me©ewnt¯ kw³¯Í‡i GKB msL¨K B‡jKUªb we`¨gvb?
e¨vL¨v: †g․‡ji cwiwPwZ †cÖvUb msL¨v Z_v cvigvYweK msL¨vi Dci wbf©ikxj| [JU-A, Set-A. 2019-20]
A. H, Li B. He, C C. C, Mg D. O. N
†Kbbv cvigvYweK msL¨vi Dci wfwË K‡i †g․jmg~n‡K ch©vq mviYx‡Z
mwVK DËi: A. H, Li
mvRv‡bv n‡q‡Q| 18
06. †Kvb †ÿ‡Î cÖZxK Øviv wb‡`©wkZ cigvYyi MVb mwVKfv‡e eY©bv Kiv nq 02. 8 O AvB‡mv‡Uvc G wbDUªb msL¨v KZ? [JU-D,Set-C: 2018-19]
bvB? [DU.1999-2000] A.8 B. 10 C. 18 D. 9
A. 11 Na 11 Protons + 12 Neutrons + 11 Electrons
23 mwVK DËi: B. 10
18
B. 13 Al 13 Protons + 13 Electrons + 14 Neutrons
27 e¨vL¨v: 8 O AvB‡mv‡Uvc G; †cÖvUb = 8wU, wbDUªb = 10wU, B‡j±ªb = 8wU
03. Avjdv KYvi fi msL¨v KZ?
C  6 Protons + 6 Electrons + 7 Neutrons
13 [JU-D,Set-C: 2018-19]
C. 6 A.1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
D. 9 F  9 Protons + 9 Electrons + 9 Neutrons mwVK DËi: D. 4
19
4
mwVK DËi: D. 199 F  9 Protons + 9 Electrons + 9 Neutrons e¨vL¨v: 2He2+ ‡K Avjdv KYv ejv nq| †cÖvUb-2, fi-4 Ges PvR© +2|
2 e¨vL¨v: †cÖvUb‡K ejv nq †g․‡ji cwiwPwZ wba©viK| ZvB †cÖvUb ev cvigvYweK
04. 1H- G B‡jKUªb msL¨v- [JU-A4.2017-18, A2.2017-18,KU. 2012-2013]
msL¨vB †g․‡ji †g․wjK ag©|
A. 1wU B. 2wU C. 3wU D. ‡KvbwUB bq 04. ‡Kvb g~j KwYKvwU LyeB A¯vqx? [RU.2007-2008]
mwVK DËi: B. 2wU A. B‡jKUªb B. ‡cÖvUb C. cwRUªb D. wbDUªb
e¨vL¨v: e = 1 - (-1) = 1+ 1= 2 mwVK DËi: C. cwRUªb
05. H3O+ Avq‡b KZwU B‡jKUªb we`¨gvb? [JU-A1.2017-18] 05. †g․‡ji wbDwK¬Ib msL¨v ej‡Z wK eySvq? [RU.2007-2008]
A. 11 B. 10 C. 9 D. 8 A. ‡cÖvUb I wbDUª‡bi †gvU msL¨v B. ‡cÖvUb I B‡jKUª‡bi †gvU msL¨v
mwVK DËi: B. 10 C. ‡dvUb I B‡jKUª‡bi †gvU msL¨v D. wbDUªb I B‡jKUª‡bi †gvU msL¨v
e¨vL¨v: (13) + (81) – 1 = 3 + 8 – 1 = 10 mwVK DËi: A. ‡cÖvUb I wbDUª‡bi †gvU msL¨v
06. NH4+ Avq‡b KZwU B‡jKUªb we`¨gvb? [JU-A2.2017-18]
e¨vL¨v: A = p +n; A = Atomic Number,
A. 12 B. 11 C. 5 D. 10 P = Proton Number, n = Neutron Number
06. cvigvYweK fi GKK (amu)-Gi gvb KZ? [RU. 2007-08, KU.2011-12]
mwVK DËi: D. 10
A. 1.660510-10g B. 1.660510-20g
e¨vL¨v: (7  1) + (1  4) - 1 = 7 + 4 - 1 = 10
–
C. 1.560510-20g D. 1.660510-24g
07. NO3 Avq‡b KZwU B‡jKUªb we`¨gvb? [DU. 2019-20; JU-A3.2017-18]
mwVK DËi: D. 1.660510-24g
A.16 B. 15 C. 31 D. 32 e¨vL¨v: IUPAC m‡¤§j‡b GKK wn‡m‡e Kve©b-12 AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci f‡ii 1/12
mwVK DËi: D. 32
Ask‡K ÔG¨vUwgK gvm BDwbUÕ ms‡ÿ‡c a.m.u. bvg †`qv nq| G‡K
e¨vL¨v: e– = (17) + (83) – (- 1) = 7+24+1= 32 ÔWvjUbÕ ejv nq| 1 WvjUb = 1.6605  10-24 g |
13
08. C G wbDUªb msL¨v KZ? [JU-6.2017-18]
A. 6 B. 7 C.13 D. 4
CU
+
mwVK DËi: B. 7 01. [NH4] Avq‡b †gvU KqwU wbDUªb _v‡K? [†Ìqv Av‡Q, N Gi cvigvYweK
msL¨v 7 Ges fi msL¨v 14,H Gi Dfq msL¨vB 1] [CU-F1.2016-17]
e¨vL¨v: n = A - P = 13 - 6 = 7
A. 7 B. 11 C. 12 D. 14 E. 8
09. 189 F Avq‡b †cÖvUb msL¨v- [JU-A. 2016-17] mwVK DËi: A. 7
A. 9 wU B. 8 wU C. 10 wU D. 18 wU e¨vL¨v: ‡h‡nZz H-G †Kvb wbDUªb _v‡K bv ZvB N-Gi 7wU wbDUªb msL¨vB G
mwVK DËi: A. 9 wU †h․‡Mi †gvU wbDUªb msL¨v| NH+4 †Z Av‡Q n=7, e= 10, p=11, n+p =18|
e¨vL¨v: PvR©hy³ Avq‡bi †ÿ‡Î †cÖvUb msL¨vi †Kvb cwieZ©b N‡U bv ïaygvÎ 02. †cÖvU‡bi PvR© n‡jv --------| [CU. 2015-16]
–19 –23
B‡jKUªb msL¨vi cwieZ©b N‡U| A. 1C B. 1.602  10 C C. 6.02310 C
D. 9.109 10–28C E. 6.626 10–34C
10. 1 Wvë‡bi mgZzj¨ †KvbwU? [JU-D: 2010-11, A: 2010-11] –19
mwVK DËi: B. 1.602  10 C
A. 2 amu B. 12gm Kve©b C. 1 cigvYy wnwjqvg D. 1.6605 × 10–24 gm Kve©b 206
03. 82 Pb Gi wbDUªb msL¨v KZ? [CU.2009-2010]
mwVK DËi: D. 1.6605 × 10–24 gm Kve©b
A. 82 B. 206 C.288 D. 164 E.124
e¨vL¨v: G¨vUwgK gvm BDwb‡Ui (a.m.u) Aci bvg n‡”Q Wvëb (Dalton)|
mwVK DËi: E.124
1 Wvëb (Dalton) = 1.6605 × 10–24 g|
e¨vL¨v: n = A –Z = 206 – 82 = 124
11. cigvYy e¨v‡mi †gvUvgywU gvb KZ? [JU. 2009-2010]
04. wbDUªb KYv- [CU.2005-2006]
A. 10-12 ‡m.wg B. 10-10 ‡m.wg C. 10-8 ‡m.wg D. 10-15 ‡m.wg A. Gi fi 1 MÖvg B. B‡jKUª‡bi wecixZ PvR©hy³
mwVK DËi: C. 10-8 ‡m.wg C. mKj cigvYy‡Z we`¨gvb k~b¨ fi hy³ D. fi †cÖvU‡bi f‡ii cÖvq mgvb
RU mwVK DËi: D. fi †cÖvU‡bi f‡ii cÖvq mgvb
01. †KvbwU K‡¤úvwRU KwYKv? [RU.2018-19;JU. 2011-2012, Kz.‡ev. 2015] 05. 4 He Gi cvigvYweK fi- [CU.2000-2001]
2
A. Avjdv B. wbDwUª‡bv C. cwRUªb D. †gmb A. 3.304 amu B. 4.036 amu C. 5.035 amu D. 7.80 amu
mwVK DËi: A. Avjdv mwVK DËi: B. 4.036 amu
2 4
e¨vL¨v: K‡¤úvwRU KwYKv 1D; 2 IU
02. Aw·‡R‡bi Ab¨Zg AvB‡mv‡Uvc 17O G wbDUªb msL¨v KqwU? [RU-G2.2017-18] 01. Z¡ivwš^Z Kiv hvq bv- [IU. 2019-20]
A. 8 B. 7 C. 9 D. 17 A. Neutron B. Proton C. -Particles D. -Particles

mwVK DËi: C. 9 mwVK DËi: A. Neutron
01. cigvYy‡Z wbDUªb Avwe®‥vi K‡ib- [IU. 2014-15]
e¨vL¨v: A=n+p n=A-p=17-8=9
A. wbDUb B. iv`vi‡dvW© C. P¨vWDBK D. _gmb
03. †KvbwU †g․‡ji †g․wjK ag©? [RU. 2009-10]
mwVK DËi: C. P¨vWDBK
A. wbDwK¬qvm B. cvigvYweK fi 02. AvaywbK cigvYyev‡ì RbK †K? [IU.2003-2004]
C. cvigvYweK msL¨v D. AvB‡mv‡Uvc A. Rb Wvëb B. †kjx C. j¨vfqwm‡q D. wjD‡qb ûK
mwVK DËi: C. cvigvYweK msL¨v mwVK DËi: A. Rb Wvëb
STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION
SUST BUET
01. †Kvb †g․jwUi AYy wØ-cvigvYweK? [SUST:2008-2009] 01. wb‡gœi †KvbwU‡Z wbDUª‡bi Zzjbvq †ewk B‡jKUªb Av‡QÑ [BUET 2010-11]
A. O B. S C. P D. He A. Al3+ B. C
mwVK DËi: A. O C. O2- D. F
e¨vL¨v: †g․j cigvYy ms‡KZ mwVK DËi: C. O2-
O 2wU O2 e¨vL¨v: ms‡KZ B‡jKUªb wbDUªb
S 8wU S8 Al3+ 13 – 3 = 10 27 – 13 = 14
P 4wU P4 C 6 12 – 6 = 6
He 1wU He O2- 8 +2 = 10 16 – 8 = 8
02. wbDwK¬qv‡mi e¨vmva© wb‡Pi †KvbwUi ch©vqfy³? [SUST:2008-09] F 9 19 – 9 = 10
A. 10-10 m B. 10-12 m C. 10-15 m D. 10-17m KUET
–15
mwVK DËi: C. 10 m 01. †Kvb Z_¨wU fyj- [KUET.2013-14,HSTU-B.2017-18]
JUST A. ‡cÖvU‡bi fi (1.67310-24g)
01. B‡jKUªb Avwe®‥vi K‡ib †K? [JUST-C: 2019-20] B. ‡cÖvUb wbDwK¬qv‡m _v‡K
A. †R. †R. _gmb B. iv`vi‡dvW© C. wbDUb D. g¨v· cøv¼ C. H cigvYy ‡_‡K GKwU B‡jKUªb mwi‡q wb‡jB †cÖvUb cvIqv hvq
mwVK DËi: A. †R. †R. _gmb D. ‡cÖvU‡bi PvR© 1.67310-19C
e¨vL¨v: 1897 mv‡j weÁvbx †R. ‡R. _gmb K¨v‡_vW iwk¥ cixÿvi mvnv‡h¨ mwVK DËi: D. ‡cÖvU‡bi PvR© 1.67310-19C
B‡jKUª‡bi Aw¯ÍZ¡ cÖgvY K‡ib| †ZRw®…q †g․j †_‡K wbtm„Z -iwk¥ e¨vL¨v: †cÖvU‡bi PvR© = + (1.60  10-19)C
cÖK…Zc‡ÿ `ªæZ B‡jKUªb KwYKvi GKwU cÖevn Qvov Avi wKQzB bq| ZvB B‡jKUª‡bi PvR© = – (1.60  10-19)C
ejv hvq, K¨v‡_vW iwk¥ gv‡bB B‡jKUªb| [Ref. W. Kwei] wbDUª‡bi PvR© = 0
02. †KvbwU A¯vqx g~j KwYKv bq? [JUST. 2019-20]
CUET
A. Neutrino B. Neutron C. Mason D. Positron
mwVK DËi: B. Neutron 01. †cÖvUb cigvYyi †Kv_vq Ae¯vb K‡i? [CUET: 2013-14]
02. GKwU Avq‡b 5 wU †cÖvUb, 6 wU wbDUªb Ges PvR© Av‡Q +3, Bnvi GUwgK msL¨v A. In the orbit B. In the nucleus
KZ? [JUST. 2015-16]
C. In the orbital D. Outside of the nucleus
A. 5 B. 6 C. 10 D. 3 mwVK DËi: B. In the nucleus
mwVK DËi: A. 5 e¨vL¨v: e  Aiwe‡U Ae¯vb K‡i| †cÖvUb wbDwK¬qv‡m Ae¯vb K‡i|
MBSTU
01. mvjdvBW 
32
16 S 2
 Avq‡b B‡jKUªb msL¨v KZ? [MBSTU-A1.2017-18]
STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION
A. 16 B. 18 C. 32 D. 34 MAT
mwVK DËi: B. 18 01. K¨v‡_vW iwk¥ wK? [MAT. 2015-16]
e¨vL¨v: 16 + 2 = 18 wU| A. †evmb B. B‡jKUªb
02. H+ Avq‡b KZwU wbDUªb Av‡Q? [MBSTU-C.2016-17] C. †cÖvUb D. wbDUªb
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3 mwVK DËi: B. B‡jKUªb
mwVK DËi: A. 0 e¨vL¨v: 1897 mv‡j weÁvbx †R. ‡R. _gmb K¨v‡_vW iwk¥ cixÿvi mvnv‡h¨
e¨vL¨v: H+ Avq‡b gvÎ GKwU †cÖvUb Av‡Q|G‡Z †Kvb wbDUªb ev B‡jKUªb †bB| B‡jKUª‡bi Aw¯ÍZ¡ cÖgvY K‡ib| †ZRw®…q †g․j †_‡K wbtm„Z -iwk¥
03. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi Kÿc‡_ AveZ©xZ B‡jKUªb AcmviY Ki‡j wK cvIqv
cÖKZ… c‡ÿ `ªæZ B‡jKUªb KwYKvi GKwU cÖevn Qvov Avi wKQzB bq| ZvB
hvq? [BMSTU. B. 2016-17]
ejv hvq, K¨v‡_vW iwk¥ gv‡bB B‡jKUªb| [Ref. W. Kwei]
A. cwRUªb B. †gmb C. †cÖvUb D. wnwjqvg Gi wbDwK¬qvm
02. Aw·‡Rb cigvYyi wbDwK¬qv‡m †cÖvUb msL¨v n‡jv- [MAT:2013-2014]
mwVK DËi: C. †cÖvUb
A. 6 B. 8
e¨vL¨v: H  H+ + e- ; H+ Gi Aci bvg †cÖvUb|
C. 10 D. 12
PUST mwVK DËi: B. 8
01. †KvbwUi fi me‡P‡q Kg? [PBSTU.2014-15; HSTU.2013-14] Board Ques.
A. B‡jKUªb B. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYy 01.
24
2+
Mg Gi kw³¯Í‡i B‡jKUªb KqwU? [XvKv †evW©.2016]
C. wbDUªb D. cwRUªb 12
A. 12 B. 24
mwVK DËi: A. B‡jKUªb I D. cwRUªb
C. 10 D. 14
e¨vL¨v: ¯vqx g~j KwYKvmg~‡ni f‡ii mwVK µg n‡jv:
mwVK DËi: C. 10
wbDUªb (1.675 × 10–24g) > †cÖvUb (1.673 × 10–24g) > B‡jKUªb (9.1 × 10–28 g)|
e¨vL¨v: B‡jKUªb msL¨v = †cÖvUb msL¨v  PvR© msL¨v = 12 – 2 = 10
B‡jKUª‡bi wecixZ KYv n‡jv- cwRUªb| G `ywU KYvi fi mgvb|
 CONCEPT 02 cvigvYweK gZev` I cigvYyi g‡Wjmg~n
 Chart – 01: wewfbœ ai‡bi cigvYy g‡Wj :
cigvYy g‡Wj Avwe®‥vi‡Ki bvg mvj ZË¡/wfwË
_gmb Plum-Pudding _gmb 1897 wKmwgm cywWs g‡Wj bv‡g cwiwPZ|
iv`vi‡dvW© cigvYy g‡Wj iv`vi‡dvW© 1911 ¯^Y© cv‡Zi Dci - KYv
‡evi cigvYy g‡Wj bxjm †evi 1913 cøv‡¼i †Kvqv›Uvg ZË¡
‡evi I mgvi wdì g‡Wj ‡evi I mgviwdì 1916 eY©vjx‡Z m~² †iLvi e¨vL¨v
Zi½ ejwe`¨v g‡Wj jyBm wW eªMwj 1924 B‡jKUª‡bi KYv I Zi½ ag©
 Chart – 02: GK bR‡i wewfbœ ai‡bi cigvYy g‡Wj :
iv`vi‡dvW© g‡Wj ‡evi Gi g‡Wj
1. g~jwfwËt wbDU‡bi gnvKl© I N~Y©bZ‡Ë¡i Dci cÖwZwôZ| 1. g~jwfwËt cøvs‡Ki †Kvqv›Uvg Z‡Ë¡i Dci cÖwZwôZ|
2. G‡K †mvjvi wm‡÷g g‡Wj ev wbDwK¬qvi g‡Wj e‡j| 2. G‡K nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYy g‡Wj e‡j|
3. cigvYy we`y¨r wbi‡cÿ| ZvB wbDwK¬qv‡mi abvZ¥K PvR© 3. w¯i Kÿc‡_ cÖ`wÿYKv‡j e– †Kv‡bv kw³ †kvlY ev wewKiY K‡i bv| GB Kÿc_mg~n
msL¨vi mgvb msL¨K FYvZ¥K PvR©hy³ B‡jKUªb _v‡K| n‡jv w¯i Kÿc_ ev kw³¯Íi ev AiweU|
c&ª‡qvMt  f‡ii wbZ¨Zv m~Î
nh
 aªyeK AbycvZ m~Î eû AbycvZ m~Î c&ª‡qvMt B‡j±ª‡bi †K․wYK fi‡e‡Mi aviYv †`q| ‡K․wYK fi‡eM, mvr =
2
wee„wZ:  ‡mvbvi cvZ = 0.0004 cm cyiæ wee„wZ: B‡j±ª‡bi w¯i Kÿc_ ev kw³¯Í‡ii aviYv †`q|
 ‡mvbvi cvZ ZnS AveiYhy³ kw³i †kvlY ev wewKiY I eY©vjxi m„wói aviYv †`q|
 99%  - KYv cvZ †f` Ki‡Z cv‡i cÖ¯ Ívebv :
 20,000 Gi g‡a¨ gvÎ 1wU KYv wd‡i Av‡m  kw³¯Íi welqK gZev` : B‡jKUªb KZ¸‡jv e„ËvKvi Aby‡gvw`Z Kÿc‡_ N~Y©vqgvb _v‡K|
nh
 cigvYyi AwaKvsk ¯vb dvuKv  †K․wYK fi‡eM welqK gZev` : †evi ZË¡ g‡Z B‡jKUª‡bi †K․wYK fi‡eM, mvr =
2
 abvZ¡K As‡ki bvg wbDwK¬qvm
 kw³i wewKiY welqK gZev` : B‡jKUªb kw³ †kvlY ev wewKiY K‡i wb¤œ †_‡K D‡”P
DV‡Z ev D”P †_‡K wb‡¤œ bvg‡Z cv‡i| E = E2 – E1 = hf
we‡kl `„wó :  KYv we”QziY cixÿvwU K‡iwQ‡jb iv`vi‡dv‡W©i `yBRb mn‡hvMx MvBMvi I gvm©‡WBb|
 iv`vi‡dv‡W©i cigvYy cixÿvq eëüZ DcKiY: ivdv wR Av‡mb-
ivdv wR Av †mb
   
iv`vi‡dvW© wR¼ mvjdvBW (ZnS) -KYv †mvbvi cvZ (0.0004 cm)
iv`vi‡dvW© g‡W‡ji mxgve×Zv †evi g‡W‡ji mxgve×Zv

 GKvwaK B‡jKUªb wewkó cigvYy‡Z wKfv‡e B‡jKUªbmg~n AveZ©b  eû B‡jKUªb wewkó cigvYy eY©vwj e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|
K‡i Zvi e¨vL¨v †bB|  G g‡Wj Abymv‡i cigvYy‡Z B‡jKUª‡bi Ae¯vb mywbw`©ó Ges MwZ‡eMI
 cigvYyi eY©vwji †Kvb my¯úó e¨vL¨v w`‡Z cv‡i bv| mywbw`©ó| hv hyMcr n‡Z cv‡i bv| (nvB‡Rbev‡M©i AwbðqZv bxwZ n‡e)
 GwU A¯vqx g‡Wj KviY MÖnmg~n PvR©wenxb Ges B‡jKUªb FYvZ¥K  Pz¤^K †ÿ‡Îi cÖfv‡e eY©vwj †iLv¸‡jv Av‡iv m~² †iLvq wef³ n‡q c‡o| G‡K
PvR©avix| wRg¨vb cÖfve e‡j| eY©vwj †iLvi ZxeªZv GB g‡W‡ji mvnv‡h¨ e¨vL¨v Kiv hvq
 Kÿc‡_i AvKvi AvK…wZ m¤^‡Ü †Kvb aviYv †bB| bv|
 †ev‡ii cigvYy g‡W‡ji mxgve×Zv: KYvi w¯iZv AwbwðZ-
KYvi w¯iZv AwbwðZ
  
e Gi KYv I Zi½ ag© e¨vL¨v w`‡Z cv‡ibv| w¯i kw³ ¯Í‡ii aviYv Øviv eY©vjx e¨vL¨v w`‡Z cv‡i bv| nvB‡Rbev‡M©i AwbðqZv bxwZ
Rvb‡ZB n‡e- B‡j±ªb msL¨v 1 Gi †ewk n‡j †evi cigvYyi g‡Wj Zvi eY©vjx e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| †hgb-He+, Li2+ Gi eY©vjx e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cv‡i wKš‧ Li+,
Be2+ mg~‡ni eY©vjx e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|
 Chart – 03: ‡g․‡ji cvigvYweK fi wbY©‡qi †¯‥j :
†¯‥‡ji bvg cÖ¯ÍveK mvj
nvB‡Wªv‡Rb †¯‥j Wvëb 1803
Aw·‡Rb †¯‥j ÷vm 1860
Kve©b †¯‥j IUPAC 1962 (nvRvix- 1961)
 Chart – 04: GK bR‡i mgxKiYmg~n :
gZev` mgxKiY wfwË
wW-eªMjx  = h/mv ev mv = h/  B‡jKUª‡bi KYv I Zi½ ag©
†mªvwWÄvi  2 ψ  2 ψ  2 ψ 8π 2 m Zi½ ejwe`¨vi mgxKiY
   (E  U)   0.
x 2 y 2 z 2 h2
nvB‡Rbev‡M©i AwbðqZv bxwZ h ℏ hw` †Kvb KYvi fi‡eM wbfz©jfv‡e wbY©q Kiv m¤¢e nq
x.p  ev, x.p  2 ZLb Gi Ae¯vb wbY©q AwbwðZ n‡q c‡o|
4
†evi mgxKiY nh B‡jKUª‡bi w¯i Kÿc_ ev AiweU ev kw³¯Í‡ii
mvr  ; aviYv/cø¨v‡¼i †Kvqv›Uvg ZË¡
2π
cøv‡¼i mgxKiY E = h †Kv‡bv PvR©hy³ e¯‧ ev KYv †Kv‡bv e„ËvKvi c‡_ Nyi‡j Zv
µgvMZkw³ wewKiY Ki‡e|
iv`vi‡dvW© - cigvYy g‡W‡ji †K›`ª¯ wbDwK¬qv‡mi Aw¯ÍZ¡|
†evi-evix mgxKiY (n + l) AiweUv‡ji kw³µg m¤úwK©Z aviYv
-t Z_¨ KwYKv: (HOT NEWS GALLERY) t-

 ivWvi‡dvW© cigvYy g‡W‡ji Aci bvg †mvjvi wm‡÷g GUg g‡Wj ev wbDwK¬qvi cigvYy g‡Wj|
 SAQ
Broad Ans Question
cÖkœ-1 : †evi cigvYy g‡W‡ji wfwË wK?

DËi : †evi cigvYy g‡W‡ji wfwË nj g¨v· cøv¼ Gi †Kvqv›Uvg ZË¡|
cÖkœ-2 : †evi g‡W‡ji cÖ¯Ívebv¸‡jv wjL|
DËi : †evi g‡W‡ji cÖ¯Ívebv¸‡jv wb¤œiƒc: (i) kw³¯Íi m¤úwK©Z (ii) ‡K․wYK fi‡eM m¤úwK©Z (iii) kw³i †kvlY I wewKiY m¤úwK©Z
cÖkœ-3 : B‡jKUªb wbDwK¬qv‡m cwZZ nq bv ev wbDwK¬qvm †_‡K `~‡i hvq bv †Kb?
DËi : B‡jKUª‡bi N~Y©‡bi mgq wµqviZ, †K›`ªgyLx I †K›`ªwegyLx ej mgvb I wecixZgyLx nIqvq|
cÖkœ-4 : Rxg¨vb cÖfve wK?
DËi : evwn¨K Pz¤^K †ÿ‡Îi cÖfv‡e cÖwZwU cvigvYweK eY©vwj †iLv GKvwaK †iLvq wef³ n‡q c‡o| G‡K Rxg¨vb cÖfve e‡j|
cÖkœ-5 : ÷vK© cÖfve wK?
DËi : evwn¨K •e`y¨wZK †ÿ‡Îi cÖfv‡e cvigvYweK ¯Íi¸‡jv wef³ n‡q hvq Ges RwUj eY©vwji D™¢e N‡U| G‡K ÷vK© cÖfve e‡j|
cÖkœ-6 : B‡jKUª‡bi •ØZ a‡g©i aviYv cÖ`vb K‡ib †K? •ØZ ag© m¤úwK©Z mgxKiYwU wjL|
h
DËi : ‣ØZ a‡g©i aviYv cÖwZwôZ K‡ib jyBm wW-eªMwj| •ØZ ag© m¤úwK©Z mgxKiYwU n‡jv:  = mv
cÖkœ-7 :  I 2 Gi Zvrch© wjL|
DËi :  :  †K AvB‡Rb dvskb ejv nq| Gi †Kv‡bv †f․Z Zvrch© †bB| GwU ïaygvÎ B‡jKUª‡bi Zi‡½i we¯Í…wZ cÖKvk K‡i| Gi gvb aYvZ¥K ev FYvZ¥K n‡Z cv‡i|
2 : 2 Øviv AiweUv‡ji †h wÎgvwÎK Ae¯v‡b B‡jKUªb cvIqv hvq Zvi NbZ¡‡K cÖKvk Kiv nq| 2 Gi cÖwZwU gvb B‡jKUª‡bi Zi‡½i ZxeªZvi
mgvbycvwZK| 2-Gi gvbB cigvYy‡Z wewfbœ kw³i AiweUvj cÖKvk K‡i| 2-Gi gvb me mgq abvZ¥K nq|
cÖkœ-8 : nvB‡Rbev‡M©i AwbðqZv m~ÎwU Kx?/ nvB‡Rbev‡M©i Ae¯’v‡bi I fi‡e‡Mi AwbðqZv bxwZwU wjL| [JnU.2018-19]
DËi : GKB mg‡q B‡j±ª‡bi Ae¯vb I fi‡eM wbY©q Ki‡Z †M‡j Df‡qi gv‡bi g‡a¨ wKQzUv fzj ev AwbðqZv †`Lv hvq A_©vr nvB‡Rbev‡M©i AwbðqZv m~ÎwU nj
B‡jKUª‡bi Ae¯vb Ges MwZ‡eM GK‡Î KL‡bv mwVKfv‡e wbY©q Kiv m¤¢e bq|
cÖkœ-9 : Avjdv KYv Kx? [wm.‡ev. 2016, 2017; iv.‡ev. 2016, 2019; P.†ev.,wm.†ev.2016, 2017]
4
DËi : wnwjqvg cigvYy †_‡K 2 wU B‡jKUªb mwi‡q wb‡j †h wØÑabvZ¥K wnwjqvg Avqb Drcbœ nq Zv‡K Avjdv KYv e‡j| †mwU n‡jv 2He++
STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION Ges †evi cigvYy g‡W‡ji wfwË cøv‡¼i †Kvqv›Uvg ZË¡|
DU JnU
01. ‡evi cigvYyi g‡W‡ji wfwË wK? 01. cigvYy m¤^‡Ü me©Rbwew`Z mZ¨ †KvbwU?
[DU. 2000-2001] [JnU.2008-09]
A. cøv‡¼i †Kvqv›Uvg ZË¡ B. Wvë‡bi cvigvYweK ZË¡ A. cigvYy ¯ vqx
C. Avi‡nwbqvm ZË¡ D. cvDwji eR©b ZË¡ B. mvaviY Ae¯vq cigvYy †_‡K Av‡jvK iwk¥ wbM©Z nq
mwVK DËi: A. cøv‡¼i †Kvqv›Uvg ZË¡ C. we‡kl Ae¯vq cigvYy †_‡K Av‡jvK iwk¥ wbM©Z n‡j Zv wbw`©ó K¤úvs‡Ki nq
e¨vL¨v: iv`vi †dv‡W©i cigvYy g‡W‡ji wfwË Newton Gi gnvKl© I N~Y©b ZË¡ D. Gi †KvbwUB mZ¨ bq|
mwVK DËi: C. we‡kl Ae¯vq cigvYy †_‡K Av‡jvK iwk¥ wbM©Z n‡j Zv wbw`©ó
K¤úvs‡Ki nq| e¨vL¨v: 1 AvYweK fi = 1 †gvj, 2 AvYweK fi = 2 †gvj|
e¨vL¨v: A. cigvYy ¯vqx K_vwU mZ¨ bq| KviY wKQy †g․‡ji cigvYy
RU
(AvB‡mv‡Uvc) Av‡Q hviv ¯^Ztù~Z©fv‡e wewfbœ iwk¥ wewKiY K‡i bZzb
01. cøv¼ aªƒe‡Ki gvb KZ? [RU-Science-2,Set-3: 2018-19]
wbDwK¬qvmhy³ cigvYy‡Z cwiYZ nq| ZvB cigvYy me‡ÿ‡Î ¯vqx bq| –34
A. 6.626 × 10 Ryj B. 6.626 × 10–34 †m‡KÛ
B. DËiwU fzj KviY mvaviY Ae¯vq bq eis D”P ZvcgvÎvq Ges •e`y¨wZK –34
C. 6.626 × 10 Ryj †m‡KÛ D. †KvbwUB bq
ùzwj½ Pvjbv Ki‡j cigvYy †_‡K Av‡jvK iwk¥ †ei nq| –34
mwVK DËi: C. 6.626 × 10 Ryj †m‡KÛ
C. mwVK; KviY cÖ‡Z¨K †g․‡ji wbw`©ó •ewkó¨c~Y© †iLv eY©vjx Av‡Q| hv
wbw`©ó Zi½-‣`‡N¨©i ev wbw`©ó K¤úvs‡Ki Av‡jv kw³i mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³| e¨vL¨v: cøv¼ aªæeK h Gi gvb 6.626 × 10-34 Ryj †m‡KÛ|
ZvB eyb‡mb wkLvq DËß K+ †_‡K ‡e¸wb Ges Ca Avqb †_‡K B‡Ui 02. cigvYy‡Z AiweUv‡ji aviYv wb‡Pi †KvbwU †_‡K cvIqv hvq?
[RU-Science,Set-1: 2018-19]
gZ jvj wkLv Drcbœ nq|
A. †evi cigvYy g‡Wj B. iv`vi‡dvW© cigvYy g‡Wj
JU C. †Kvqv›Uvg ejwe`¨v D. AvDdevD bxwZ
01. cigvYy¯ †Kvb B‡jKUªb wbgœ kw³ ¯Íi †_‡K D”P kw³ ¯Í‡i Mgb Ki‡j- mwVK DËi: A. †evi cigvYy g‡Wj
i. kw³ †kvlY K‡i ii. cigvYyi w¯wZ e„w× cvq e¨vL¨v: †evi cigvYy g‡W‡ji cÖ¯Ívebvmg~n-
iii. †kvwlZ kw³i cwigvY E =h ‡KvbwU mwVK? [JU-A1.2017-18] (i) B‡jKUª‡bi w¯i Kÿc_ ev kw³¯Í‡ii aviYv
A. i I ii B. i I iii C. ii I iii D. i,ii I iii (ii) B‡jKUª‡bi †K․wYK fi‡e‡Mi aviYv
mwVK DËi: B. i I iii (iii) kw³i †kvlY ev wewKiY I eY©vjx m„wói aviYv
e¨vL¨v: B‡jKUªb kw³ †kvlY K‡i wb¤œ kw³¯Íi †_‡K D”P kw³ ¯Í‡i Mgb Ki‡j 03. †evi-Gi cigvYy g‡Wj †KvbwUi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e? [RU-C: 2015-16]
+ + +
cigvYyi w¯wZkxjZv n«vm cvq| A. H B. He C. Li D. Be+
+
hc mwVK DËi: B. He
†kvwlZ kw³i cwigvY E = h ev E = nq|
 e¨vL¨v: †evi cigvYy g‡Wj GK B‡jKUªb wewkó cigvYy ev Avq‡bi (†hgb H
02. cigvYy¯ †Kvb B‡jKUªb D”P kw³ ¯Íi †_‡K wbgœ kw³ ¯Í‡i Mgb Ki‡j cigvYy, He+, Li2+, Be3+ Avq‡bi) wewfbœ eY©vwji e¨vL¨v w`‡Z cv‡i|
i. cigvYywU Av‡jvK kw³ wewKiY Ki‡e| ii. wewKwiZ kw³i cwigvY
CU
E=h iii. cigvYyi w¯wZ n«vm cv‡e| †KvbwU mwVK? [JU-A4.2017-18]
01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU cø¨v‡¼i mgxKiY? [CU-Ka.2016-17, 15-16,2005-06]
A. i I ii B. i I iii C. ii I iii D. i,ii I iii 2
A. E=h B. E= mc
mwVK DËi: A. i I ii
h h
e¨vL¨v: B‡jKUªb kw³ wewKiY K‡i D”P kw³ ¯Íi †_‡K wb¤œ kw³¯Í‡i Mgb K‡i| C. = D. = cRT E. x.p 
E  h  
hc mv 4
d‡j cigvYyi ¯vqxZ¡ e„w× cvq| wewKwiZ kw³i cwigvY 
|
mwVK DËi: A. E = h
03. iv`vi‡dvW© wbDwK¬qvm Avwe®‥v‡ii cixÿvq ZnS †Kb eënvi K‡ib? 02.  = h/mv GB mgxKiYwU †Kvb mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ mshy³? [CU.2005-2006]
[JU-D1.2017-18]
A. nvB‡Rbev‡M©i AwbwðqZv m~Î B. cøv¼ mgxKiY
A. - KYvi w`K cwieZ©b Kivi Rb¨
C. AvBb÷vBb m~Î D. †mªvwWÄvi Zi½ mgxKiY
B. - KYvi w`K cwieZ©b eySvi Rb¨
E. wW eªMjx mgxKiY
C. abvZ¡K †ÿÎ •Zixi Rb¨
mwVK DËi: E. wW eªMjx mgxKiY
D. FYvZ¡K †ÿÎ ‣Zixi Rb¨
03. B‡jKUª‡bi Zi½ag© cÖ`k©bKvix mgxKiYwU‡K ejv nq- [CU 2004-05]
mwVK DËi: B. - KYvi w`K cwieZ©b eySvi Rb¨
A. †ev‡ii mgxKiY B. nvB‡Rbev‡M©i mgxKiY
e¨vL¨v: iv`vi‡dvW© wbDwK¬qvm Avwe®‥v‡ii cixÿvq ZnS c`v© eënvi K‡ib|
C. wW eªMwji mgxKiY D. †¯ªvwWÄvi mgxKiY
KviY, ZnS AveiYxi Dci cwZZ -KYv Av‡jvK”QUv we”QziY K‡i Z_v mwVK DËi: C. wW eªMwji mgxKiY
- KYvi w`K cwieZ©b eySv hvq|
e¨vL¨v: B‡jKUª‡bi Zi½ag© cÖ`k©bKvix mgxKiYwU‡K ejv nq wW eªMwji mgxKiY|
04. ‡Kvb cixÿvi gva¨‡g †cÖvU‡bi Aw¯Í‡Z¡i cÖgvY cvIqv hvq? [JU-6.17-18]
04. GKwU wbw`©ó kw³¯Í‡i cwiågYiZ B‡jKUª‡bi †K․wYK fi‡eM mvr =
A. K¨v‡_vW iwk¥ B. A¨v‡bvW iwk¥ C. K¨vbvj iwk¥ D. -iwk¥ nh/2  n‡jv- [CU.2002-2003]
mwVK DËi: A. K¨v‡_vW iwk¥ A. ‡ev‡ii cigvYy g‡W‡ji GKwU ¯^xKvh©
e¨vL¨v: weÁvbx †Mvì÷vBb K¨v‡_vW iwk¥ b‡j abvZ¥K Avavb Avwe®‥vi K‡ib B. iv`vi‡dv‡W©i cigvYy g‡W‡ji GKwU ¯^xKvh©
hv‡K K¨vbvj iwk¥ ev A¨v‡bvW iwk¥ e‡j| cÖK…Z c‡ÿ GivB †cÖvUb| C. mgvi wd‡ìi m~Î
05. cigvYyi abvZ¥K wbDwK¬qv‡mi Aw¯ÍZ¡ cÖgvwYZ nq- D. cvDwji eR©b bxwZ
[JU & CU.2013-2014,2010-11] mwVK DËi: A. ‡ev‡ii cigvYy g‡W‡ji GKwU ¯^xKvh©
A. wbDwK¬qv‡mi cÖK…Z fi †_‡K B.AvjdvKYv cixÿv†_‡K
C. M¨v‡mi ZworÿiY Øviv D. K¨v‡_vW iwk¥ cixÿv Øviv IU
mwVK DËi: B. Avjdv KYv cixÿv †_‡K 01.  2
-Gi gvb B‡jKUª b Zi‡½i Zxeª Zvi- [IU-A.2017-18]
06. †Kvb c`v‡_©i `yB AvYweK fi cwigv‡Y †gvj msL¨v KZ n‡e? [JU 2010-11] A. e¨¯Í v by cvwZK B. mgvby c vwZK
A. 2 B. 2/ AvYweK fi C. 1 D. AvYweK fi/ 2 C. e‡M©i mgvbycvwZK D. e‡M©i e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK
mwVK DËi: A. 2 mwVK DËi: B. mgvby c vwZK
e¨vL¨v:  -Gi gvb Øviv †Kvb ¯v‡b B‡jKUªb cvIqvi m¤¢vebv‡K †evSvq|  - 05. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Zi½ msL¨vi mgxKiY?
2 2 SERIES 
ASPECT
[MBSTU-A1.2017-18]
Gi gvb me©`v abvZ¥K Ges Zv Zi½ ZxeªZvi mgvbycvwZK nq| – 1 1 1
02. †evi cigvYy g‡Wj Abymv‡i †Kvb AYyi cÖ_g AiweUv‡ji e¨vmva© r n‡j A.  = B.   C.  = D. E = hv
  
Z…Zxq AiweUv‡ji e¨vmva© n‡e- [IU 2010-11]
mwVK DËi: A. – =
1
A. r B. 3r C. r/3 D. 9r 
mwVK DËi: D. 9r
n2 – 1 1 1
e¨vL¨v: †h †Kvb †evi K‡ÿi e¨vmva© = × r| GLv‡b, r n‡jv †Kvb AYyi cÖ_g e¨vL¨v:  = = RH n 2 – n 2
Z  1 2
AiweUv‡ji e¨vmva©| myZivs Z…Zxq AiweUv‡ji e¨vmva© nj 9r| 06. c`v_© n‡Z weKwiZ kw³ wew”Qbœfv‡e wK wnmv‡e †ei nq? [HSTU-B.2017-18]
CoU A. AvqwbK kw³i c¨v‡KU B. wefe kw³i c¨v‡KU
01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU AbycfÖ v m„wóKvix c`v_©? [CoU–A. 2019-20] C. AwZ‡e¸wb iwk¥i c¨v‡KU D. ÿz`ª kw³i c¨v‡KU
A. ZnS B. Na2S C. CaS D. K2S
mwVK DËi: A. ZnS mwVK DËi: D. ÿz`ª kw³i c¨v‡KU
e¨vL¨v: ZnS Gi Dci iwk¥ AvcwZZ n‡j PK PK K‡i | Abycf Ö v m„wóKvix c`v_© e¨vL¨v: 1900 wLª÷v‡ã weÁvbx g¨v· cøv¼ Zvi weL¨vZ †Kvqv›Uvg Z‡Ë¡ e‡jb
nIqvq iv`vi‡dvW© Zvi -KYv we”QziY cixÿvq ZnS Gi AveiYhy³ c`©v Av‡jvK wew”Qbœfv‡e ÿz`ª kw³i wbw`©ó GKK c¨v‡KU ev †Kvqv›Uvg iƒ‡c
eënvi K‡ib| wewKwiZ nq|
STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION
BSMRSTU
SUST
01. †ev‡ii ¯^xKvh© Abyhvqx Aby‡gvw`Z B‡jKUª‡bi †K․wYK fi‡eM KZ?
01. GKwU cigvYyi wbDwK¬qv‡m 18 wU wbDUªb Ges M †m‡j 7 wU B‡jKUªb
[BSMRSTU.Ka. 2016-17]
i‡q‡Q| cigvYywUi fi KZ? [SUST-A. 2019-20]
A. 18 B. 17 C. 25 h h h nh
A. B. C. D.
D. 35 E. 36 2n 2n 2n 2
mwVK DËi: D. 35
2 2 6 2 5 nh
e¨vL¨v: 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p = Cl(17) Gi fi 35.5 Gi ms‡KZ 35
17Cl
mwVK DËi: D.
2
K L M
A_©vr n = 18 nh
JUST e¨vL¨v: †ev‡ii B‡jKUª‡bi †K․wYK fi‡eM, mvr =
2
01. iv`vi‡dvW© -KYv we”QziY cixÿvq †Kvb c`v‡_©i cÖ‡jchy³ c`©v eënvi PUST
K‡ib? [JUST-C: 2019-20]
A. Au B. ZnS C. Ra D. PbS 01. GKwU cigvYyi M– †Lvj‡m 7 wU B‡jKUªb Av‡Q Ges Dnvi †K‡›`ª 18wU
mwVK DËi: B. ZnS wbDUªb Av‡Q, cigvYywUi fi msL¨v KZ? [PUST. 2019-20]
01. iv`vi‡dv‡W©i cixÿvq wKQz -KYv m¤ú~Y© wecixZ w`‡K wd‡i Av‡m †Kb? A. 25 B. 27 C. 35 D. 42
[JUST-B. 2016-17] mwVK DËi: C. 35
A. cigvYyi B‡jKUªb Øviv wePz¨Z nq
B. †K‡›`ª AwZ ÿz`ª wbDwK¬qv‡mi mv‡_ msNl© N‡U e¨vL¨v: M †kj ej‡Z 3q kw³¯Íi †evSvq Ges GwUB me©‡kl kw³šÍi| GLv‡b
C. cvi¯úwiK wewKi‡Y MwZc_ cwieZ©b nq 7wU e– Av‡Q gv‡b 1g (K †kj) I 2q (L †kj) kw³¯Íi c~Y© Ges †m¸‡jv‡Z
D. cigvYyi B‡jKUª‡bi mv‡_ msNl© N‡U h_vµ‡g 2 I 4wU e– Av‡Q|
mwVK DËi: B. †K‡›`ª AwZ ÿz`ª wbDwK¬qv‡mi mv‡_ msNl© N‡U  †gvU B‡jKUªb = 2 + 8 + 7 = 17.
MBSTU A_©vr, cigvYywUi wbDwK¬qv‡m 17 wU †cÖvUb Av‡Q|
01. †Kvb B‡jKUªb web¨vmwU me©v‡cÿv myw¯Z? [MBSTU-C. 2019-20]  fi msL¨v = p + n = 17 + 18 = 35.
A. d2 B. d7 C. d2 D. d10
mwVK DËi: D. d10 NSTU
02. wb‡Pi †Kvb mgxKiYwU mwVK bq? [MBSTU-A. 2019-20] 01. GKwU Avq‡bi 18wU B‡jKUªb, 20wU wbDUªb I PvR© msL¨v-2 n‡j Gi fi
– 1 – c msL¨v KZ n‡e? [NSTU-C. 2019-20]
A.  = B.  = C. E = h D. E  
  A. 38 B. 36 C. 42 D. 22
mwVK DËi: D. E   mwVK DËi: B. 36
e¨vL¨v: E    E = h = hc  E1 e¨vL¨v: Avq‡bi PvR© msL¨v –2 I 18wU B‡jKUªb Av‡Q|
 
03. wb‡Pi †Kvb cigvYy/Avqb‡K †evi cigvYy g‡Wj e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cv‡i? Here, ‡cÖvUb msL¨v = 18 – 2 = 16 fi msL¨v = 16 + 20 = 36
[MBSTU-C. 2019-20]
A. He B. H+ C. Be3+D. Be2+ STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION
mwVK DËi: C. Be3+
e¨vL¨v: †Kej gvÎ GK B‡jKUªb wewkó cigvYyi eb©vjxi e¨vL¨v †evi g‡Wj KUET
Ki‡Z cv‡i| 01. †evi cigvYy g‡W‡j GKwU †evi B‡jKUªb Z…Zxq kw³¯Íi ev w¯i Kÿc‡_
04. †KvbwU AiweUvj cÖKvk K‡i? [MBSTU-C. 2019-20] GKwU c~Y© AveZ©b Ki‡Z KqwU c~Y© Zi½ m„wó Ki‡e?
A.  B. E C. h2 D. 2 [KUET 2009-10; Kz.‡ev:2013]
mwVK DËi: D.  2
A. 1 B. 3 C. 6 D. 9 E. 2
e¨vL¨v:  Øviv AvB‡Rb dvskb eySv‡bv nq Ges 2 Øviv AiweUvj †evSvq| mwVK DËi: B. 3
nh nh STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION
e¨vL¨v: †evi cigvYy g‡Wj Abyhvqx, mvr = ; ev, 2r =
mv
|
2
MAT
h
Avevi, wW-eªMwji mgxKiY Abyhvqx,  = mv  2r = n|
01. †ev‡ii cÖ_g ¯^xKvh© †_‡K ¯vqx K‡ÿi kZ© †KvbwU? [MAT 2001-02]
hn20 h h0
ZvB 3q kw³ ¯Í‡ii cwiwa, 2r = 3| myZivs 3q kw³¯Í‡i cÖ‡Z¨K AveZ©b A. rn = B. L = n C. r1 = D. †KvbwUB bq
me2 2 me2
Kv‡j B‡jKUªbwU 3wU c~Y© Zi½ m„wó K‡i| h
mwVK DËi: B. L = n
2
Textile College e¨vL¨v: GKwU wbw`©ó kw³¯Í‡ii N~Y©bkxj B‡jKUª‡bi †K․wYK fi‡eM (mvr)
01 Which of the following has the same number of proton as in h h
wbw`©ó Ges Zv Gi ALÐ ¸wYZK| ZvB mvr = n |
an  particle? [Tex.Eng.Clg. 2019-20] 2 2
A. H B. H+ Board Ques.
C. He D. H2 01. †Kvb gZev‡` cigvYy‡K †m․i RM‡Zi mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv n‡q‡Q? [Xv.‡ev. 15]
mwVK DËi: C. He A. Zi½ ejwe`¨v cigvYy g‡Wj B. †evi cigvYy g‡Wj
C. †evi-mgviwdì cigvYy g‡Wj D. iv`vi‡dvW© cigvYy g‡Wj
e¨vL¨v: - particle = 2p + 2n ;He = 2p + 2n + 2e-
mwVK DËi: D. iv`vi‡dvW© cigvYy g‡Wj
 CONCEPT 03 ISO (AvB‡mv ) m¤úwK©Z Z_¨

 Item-01: AvB‡mv‡Uvc: AvB‡mv‡Uvc Avwe¯‥vi K‡ib weÁvbx G÷b, 1919 mv‡j| MÖxK, iso = GKB tope = ¯vb|
 ‡g․‡ji AvB‡mv‡Uvc Dnvi wbDUªb msL¨vi Dci wbf©ikxj|  G‡ì †cÖvUb msL¨v A_©vr cvigvYweK msL¨v mgvb|
 wbDwK¬qvm ev fi msL¨v wfbœ|  Giv GKB †g․‡ji cigvYy| me©‡gvU AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci msL¨v cÖvq 1300|
 ch©vq ZvwjKvq GKB ¯vb `Lj K‡i|  AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci †ÿ‡Î †cÖvUb msL¨v Kvh©Ki|
 †f․Z ag© wfbœ wKš‧ ivmvqwbK ag© Awfbœ|
 Na (11) I Au (79) e¨ZxZ cÖK…wZ‡Z mKj †g․‡ji GKvwaK AvB‡mv‡Uvc i‡q‡Q| [Ref: ¸n, nvRvix I bvM, wjsKb I gwni m¨vi]
 g‡b ivLvi gRvi wbqgt AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci †kl eY© ÔcÕ A_v©r †cÖvUb msL¨v mgvb|
‡g․‡ji bvg AvB‡mv‡Uvc ‡g․‡ji bvg AvB‡mv‡Uvc
1 127 131 129
nvB‡Wªv‡Rb 1 H , 12 H , 13 H (K…wÎg) Av‡qvwWb 53 I, 53 I, 53 I (‡ZRw¯…q)
16 17 18 31 32
Aw·‡Rb O , O , O (‡ZRw¯…q)
8 8 8 dmdivm 15 P , 15 P (‡ZRw¯…q)
35 37 51 52
‡K¬vwib 17 Cl , 17 Cl ‡µvwgqvg 24 Cr (‡ZRw¯…q), 24 Cr
12 13 14 22 235 238
Kve©b 6C , C , C , (‡ZRw¯…q),
6 6 6 C BD‡iwbqvg U,
92 92 U
†R‡b ivLv fv‡jv : fvix cvwb  wWD‡Uwiqvg A·vBW

2
(1H ) 2O = D2O. [wUªwUqvg K…wÎg fvix cvwb e‡j fi msL¨v 3 n‡jI G‡K ev` †Ìqv n‡q‡Q|]
 Item-02: AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci eënvi-weÁvb I cÖhyw³i me kvLvq †ZRw¯…q AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci e¨vcK eënvi i‡q‡Q| †hgb-
 wPwKrmv weÁv‡b AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci eënvit
AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci ms‡KZ AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci eënvi AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci ms‡KZ AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci eënvi
131 wUDgvi Gi Ae¯vb I AvqZb Ges MjMÛ ev Avqib cwi‡kvlY M‡elYv (A‡š¿)
I Fe-59 & Fe-55
53
_vBi‡qW MÖwši e„w× RwbZ wPwKrmv|
44
22 Ti i³‡mªv‡Z wgwkªZ K‡i kix‡i i‡³i cwigvY wbY©q| †ZRw¯…q 24
11 Na
i³mÂvjb M‡elYv
60
Co K¨vÝvi AvµvšÍ †Kvl aŸsm Kiv| 99 gw¯Í‡®‥i wUDgv‡ii ¯vb wba©viY
27 43Tc
32
15 P i³ ¯^íZv †iv‡Mi wPwKrmv| Ra-226 K¨vÝvi wba©viY|
P-32 & C-14 DNA I RNA Gi MVb ch©v‡jvPbv Cs-137 g„wËKv webó I aŸs‡mi Drm wba©viK|
cv_‡ii eqm wbY©q| 63 K¨v‡giv I cøvRgv cÖ`k©bx‡Z ÒjvBU
U- 238 28Ni ‡mÝiÓ wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq|
35 32 †Kvb Dw™¢‡ì Rb¨ KZUzKy mvi I wKfv‡e cÖ‡qvM Kiv Rxev‡k¥i eqm Z_v c„w_exi AvbygvwbK
S Ges P C-14 Dating
16 15
ìKvi Zv Rvb‡Z eënvi Kiv nq| eqm wbY©q Kiv hvq
 Item-03: AvB‡mvevi t g‡b ivLvi gRvi wbqgt AvB‡mvevi Gi †kl eY© ÔeviÕ A_v©r wbDwK¬qb msL¨v ev fi msL¨v mgvb|
[JU.2010-2011]
Topics cÖkœ weMZ mvj Topics cÖkœ weMZ mvj

64
29 Cu,
64
30 Zn
nj
64
Ni , 64
29 Cu ,
64
Zn nj
AvB‡mvevi 28 30 CU.2003-2004 AvB‡mvevi ci¯úi- [CUET. 2014-15]
ci¯úi-
 wbDUªb msL¨v I †cÖvUb msL¨v wfbœ  wfbœ †g․‡ji cigvYy  ch©vq ZvwjKvq wfbœ ¯vb `Lj K‡i
 Item-04: AvB‡mv‡Uvb : AvB‡mv‡Uvb Avwe¯‥…Z nq 1919 mv‡j|
 Isotone gv‡b wbDUªb msL¨v mgvb  fi msL¨v I †cÖvUb msL¨v wfbœ  wfbœ †g․‡ji cigvYy  ch©vq ZvwjKvq wfbœ ¯vb `Lj K‡i|
g‡b ivLvi gRvi wbqgt AvB‡mv‡Uvb Gi †kl eY© ÔbÕ A_v©r wbDUªb msL¨v mgvb|
Topics D`vniY weMZ mvj Topics D`vniY weMZ mvj
2 3
1 H, 2 He
JU-A1.2017-18
14
6
C I 7 N ci¯úi-
15
JU-A1.2017-18
37 40 JU-A4.2017-18
15
7 NI 16
8 O ci¯úi- JU-A2.2017-18 Cl I Ca ci¯úi-
17 20
AvB‡mv‡Uvb 35 33 34 AvB‡mv‡Uvb 40
Ca I
39
K ci¯úi-
17 Cl, 15 P, 16 S BUET.2011-2012 JU-A13.2017-18
20 19
12 13
6 C I C Gi cv_©K¨
6 14 16 JnU.2013-14,JU.2009-
6C Ges 8 O ci¯ú‡ii-
CU.2001-2002
2010
n‡jv- wbDUªb msL¨v
 Item-05: AvB‡mvB‡jKUªwbK: mgvb ev GKB B‡jKUªb wewkó Avqb ev AYy-cigvYy‡K mgB‡jKUªwbK ev AvB‡mvB‡jKUªwbK ejv nq|
 mgB‡j±ªwbK Avqb
Avqb B‡j±ªb msL¨v Avqb B‡j±ªb msL¨v
N3– 10 Na+ 10
O2– 10 Mg 2+ 10 B‡j±ªb msL¨v mgvb
F– 10 Ne 10
 Item-06: AvB‡mvWvqvdvi: ‡h mg¯Í †g․‡ji cigvYyi wbDwK¬qv‡m wbDUªb I †cÖvUb msL¨vi cv_©K¨ mgvb Zv‡ì‡K ci¯ú‡ii AvB‡mvWvqvdvi e‡j|
‡g․‡ji cigvYy ‡cÖvUb msL¨v wbDUªb msL¨v wbDUªb msL¨v-‡cÖvUb msL¨v
39
19 K 19 20 20-19=1
19
9 F 9 10 10-9=1
myZivs 1939 K I 199 F ci¯ú‡ii AvB‡mvWvqvdvi| †Kvb wbDwK¬qvBW Ges †mB wbDwK¬qvBWwU †_‡K GKwU - KYv wbtmi‡Yi d‡j Drcbœ cigvYy ci¯ú‡ii
AvB‡mvWvqvdvi nq|
 Item-07: AvB‡mv÷vi: ‡h mKj AYyi g‡a¨ mgmsL¨K cigvYy I mgmsL¨K B‡jKUªb _v‡K Zv‡ì‡K ci¯ú‡ii AvB‡mv÷vi e‡j|
AYy cigvYyi msL¨v ‡gvU B‡jKUªb msL¨v AYy cigvYyi msL¨v ‡gvU B‡jKUªb msL¨v
N2 1+1=2 7+7=14 HCl 1+1=2 1+17=18
CO 1+1=2 6+8=14 F2 1+1=2 9+9=18
myZivs (N2, CO) ‡Rvov Ges (HCl, F2) ‡Rvov ci¯úi AvB‡mv÷vi
 SAQ
Broad Ans Question
cÖkœ-1 : AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci •ewkó¨ wjL|

DËi : (i) GKB †g․‡ji cigvYy; (ii) ch©vq mviwY‡Z GKB Ae¯v‡b _v‡K; (iii) ivmvqwbK ag© GKB wKš‧ †f․Z a‡g© cv_©K¨ cwijwÿZ nq|
cÖkœ-2 : C-14 Dating e‡j?
DËi : Avwe®‥…Z Rxevk¥ ev dwm‡j †ZRw¯…q Kve©‡bi (C-14) †ZRw¯…qZv wbY©q K‡i Zv †_‡K Rxev‡k¥i eqm Z_v c„w_exi AvbygvwbK eqm wbY©q Kivi c×wZwU‡K
C-14 Dating ejv nq|
cÖkœ-3 : 32P Gi eënvi wjL|
DËi : (i) 32P i³ ¯^íZv (blood leukemia), cwjmvB‡_wgqv Gi wPwKrmvq eëüZ nq|
(ii) 32P eënvi K‡i GKwU MvQ gvwU †_‡K wK cwigvY dm‡dU MÖnY K‡i Zv wbY©q Kiv hvq|
(iii) 32P eënvi K‡i DNA I RNA Gi MVb ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i Rxeb inm¨ D`NvUb Kiv hvq|
cÖkœ-4 : cÖK…wZ‡Z †Kvb †Kvb †g․‡ji GKvwaK AvB‡mv‡Uvc †bB?
DËi : ‡mvwWqvg (Na) I †Mvì (Au)|

STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION 07. GKwU cigvYyi 17wU †cÖvUb I 20wU wbDUªb _vK‡j cigvYyi AvB‡mv‡UvcwUi
ms‡KZ n‡e- [DU.1998-1999]
DU
85 37 35 37
01. †Kvb cigvYy ev Avq‡b B‡j±ªb I wbDUª‡bi msL¨v mgvb? [DU-A:2018-19] A. 37Rb B. 20Ca C. 17Cl D. 17Cl
A.
9
4 Be B.
19
9 F C.
23
11 Na  D.
18
8 O 2- mwVK DËi: D. 17Cl
37
18
mwVK DËi: D. 8 O 2- e¨vL¨v: 17wU †cÖvUb gv‡b cvigvYweK msL¨v 17| cvigvYweK msL¨v 17 n‡”Q
e¨vL¨v: cigvYy B‡j±ªb wbDUªb †K¬vwi‡bi Ges wbDUªb msL¨v 20 e‡j fi msL¨v n‡e 17+20 = 37
9
4 Be 4 5
JnU
19
9F 9 10 01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU AvB‡mv‡Uv‡bi D`vniY? [JU-A, Set-A. 2019-20]
23  A. 32
P B. 14C C. 40
Ca D. 39
K
11 Na 10 12 15 6 20 19
40 39
18 2 mwVK DËi: C. 20 Ca I D. 19K
80 10 10
14 16 e¨vL¨v: cÖkœwU‡Z fzj Av‡Q| mwVK DËi GK‡Î (C + D)|
02. C I O ci¯ú‡ii-
6 8 02. cÖK…wZ‡Z †K¬vwi‡bi AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci msL¨v KZ? [JnU. 2011-2012]
[DU-Ka. 14-15, BSMRSTU.17-18,JU.17-18,2009-10,JnU.13-14]
A. Isomer B. Isotone A. 1 B. 3 C. 4 D. 2
C. Isobar D. Isotope mwVK DËi: D. 2
mwVK DËi: B. Isotone e¨vL¨v: cÖK…wZ‡Z †K¬vwi‡bi `ywU AvB‡mv‡Uvc Av‡Q GK_v me©cÖ_g cÖgvY K‡ib
14 16
e¨vL¨v: CI O ci¯ú‡ii AvB‡mv‡Uvb| KviY, Df‡qi wbDUªb msL¨v 8 weÁvbx A¨v÷b|
6 8
35 37
03. AvB‡mvU‡bi D`vniY- [DU.2013-14, JU-D1.2017-18,IU.2013-14, wm.‡ev. 2016] ‡K¬vwi‡bi AvB‡mv‡Uvct 17 Cl , 17 Cl
13 13 40 40 1 2
A. 7 N, 6 C B. 18 Ar, 20Ca 03. GK AvYweK msL¨vwewkó †Kvb †g․‡ji wZbwU AvB‡mvUc 1 H, 1 H, Ges
40 40 31 32 3
C. 20 Ca, 19 K D. 15 P, 16 S 1 H | †Kvb AvB‡mv‡UvcwUi ewnt¯ †k‡j GKwU B‡jKUªb?
31 32 [JnU.2007-2008,RU.2008-09,2012-13]
mwVK DËi: D. 15 P, 16 S A.
1
H B.
2
H C.
3
H D. All the there.
1 1 1
e¨vL¨v: g‡b ivLvi †UKwbK t mgvb †cÖvUb = AvB‡mv‡Uvc;
mwVK DËi: D. All the there.
mgvb wbDUªb=AvB‡mv‡Uvb; mgvb fi = AvB‡mvevi| 1 2 3
e¨vL¨v: 1H, 1H I 1H Giv ci¯ú‡ii AvB‡mv‡Uvc Ges mevi †cÖvUb msL¨v 1|
P I S Df‡qiB wbDUªb msL¨v 16
31 32 myZivs mevi ewnt¯ †k‡j GKwU B‡jKUªb _vK‡e|
†hgb- 15 P, 16 S (n=A–P=31-15=16 ,32-16=16) 04. wb‡gœi †Kvb wbDwK¬qvm hyMjwU‡K AvB‡mv‡Uvb ejv n‡e? [JnU.2005-2006]
04. wb‡¤œi species ¸‡jvi g‡a¨ wK wgj Av‡Q? [DU. 2011-2012] 32 34 12
A. S, S B. C, 146 C C. 12
C, 137 N D.
14
N, 146 C.
Ne 19 F 24 Mg 2
20 16 16 9 6 7
12
A. isotopes to each other B. isomers of each other mwVK DËi: C. 6 C, 137 N
C. isoelectronic with each other D. isotones to each other e¨vL¨v: A. n = 32 – 16 = 16, 34 – 16 = 18
mwVK DËi: C. isoelectronic with each other B. n = 12 – 9 = 3, 14 –6 = 8
e¨vL¨v: 20 Ne (e= p =10) C. n = 12 – 6 = 6, 13 – 7 = 6
F (e = 9+1=10) , 24 Mg 2 (e =122=10)
19 
D. n = 14 – 7 = 7, 14 –6 = 8
Dc‡ii cÖ‡Z¨K ‡ÿ‡Î B‡jKUªb msL¨v mgvb ZvB Zviv ci¯ú‡ii mg AvB‡mv‡Uvb A_©vr wbDUªb msL¨v mgvb|
B‡jKUªwbK ev ISOELECTRONIC
RU
05. ‡Kvb †mUwUi Avqbmg~n mgB‡jKUªwbK? [DU.2001-2002,BU.2012-13]
– – – 15
2+ 2+
A. Mg , Ca , Sr 2+
B. F , Cl , Br 01. bvB‡Uªv‡R‡bi AvB‡mv‡Uvc 7 N -G wbDUªb msL¨v KZ?
C. O2–, F– D. Al3+, Fe3+, Cr3+ [RU. 2012-2013; JUST 2019-2020]
mwVK DËi: C. O2–, F– A. 6 B. 7 C. 8 D. 9
2– ,  mwVK DËi: C. 8
e¨vL¨v: O = 8+2=10 Electron F =9+1=10 Electron
B‡jKUªb msL¨v mgvb e‡j Bnviv mg B‡jKUªwbK ev AvB‡mv B‡jKUªwbK| e¨vL¨v: n=A-Z = 15-7= 8
06. GKwU ‡g․‡ji AvB‡mv‡Uvc ¸‡jvi g‡a¨ wfbœ _v‡K? [DU.2001-2002] 02. cÖK…wZ‡Z G hveZ cÖvß AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci msL¨v- [RU 2008-09]
A. Atomic Number B.Number of Electrons A. 1100 B. 1150
C.Number of Protons D.Number of Neutron C. 1300 D. 1350
mwVK DËi: D.Number of Neutron mwVK DËi: C. 1300
03. `yBwU AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci gv‡S †KvbwU mwVK? [RU 2008-09, IU-D 2004-05 & 2013-14] BRU
A. wbDUª‡bi msL¨v mgvb B. †cÖvU‡bi msL¨v mgvb 01. CO, CN– Ges N2 cÖRvwZ mg~n njÑ [BRU-F 2012-13]
C. wbDUªb + †cÖvU‡bi msL¨v mgvb A. Inorganic species B. Having co-ordinate bond
D. B‡jKUªb + †cÖvUb + wbDUª‡bi msL¨v mgvb C. Isoelectronic D. Having polar bond
mwVK DËi: B. †cÖvU‡bi msL¨v mgvb mwVK DËi: C. Isoelectronic
e¨vL¨v: †hme cigvYyi †cÖvUb msL¨v mgvb wKš‧ fi msL¨v wfbœ Zv‡ì‡K e¨vL¨v: CO, CN– Ges N2 cÖRvwZmg~‡ni cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki †hvRbx †k‡j mgvb msL¨K
ci¯ú‡ii AvB‡mv‡Uvc ejv nq| (14) B‡jKUªb we`¨gvb| ZvB Giv Isoelectronic|
CU
01. ‡g․‡ji AvB‡mv‡Uvc Dnvi †Kvb g~j Kvh©Ki msL¨vi Dci wbf©i K‡i? DU-7Clg
40 40
[CU.2008-09, 2006-2007] 01. 18 Ar Ges 19 K cigvYy `yBwU‡Z †KvbwUi msL¨v mgvb?
A. ‡cÖvUb B. wbDwK¬qvm C. cwRUªb D. wbDUªb E. B‡jKUªb [7clg,Unit-A:2018-19]
mwVK DËi: D. wbDUªb A. B‡j±ªb B. wbDUªb C. wbDwK¬qb D. †cÖvUb
e¨vL¨v: †g․‡ji AvB‡mv‡Uvc Zvi wbDUªb msL¨vi wfbœZvi Kvi‡Y m„wó nq| †hgb- mwVK DËi: C. wbDwK¬qb
Aw·‡R‡bi wZbwU AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci †cÖvUb msL¨v mgvb| wKš‧ wbDUªb msL¨vi 02. †KvbwUi B‡j±ªb web¨vm Al3+ Avq‡bi Abyiƒc? [7clg,Unit-A:2018-19]
wfbœZvi Kvi‡Y wZbwU AvB‡mv‡Uvc m„wó n‡q‡Q| A. O B. F– C. Cl– D. Mg+
60
02. ‡ZRw¯…q 27 Co Gi mvnv‡h¨ †Kvb †ivM wbY©q Kiv hvq? mwVK DËi: B. F –
(13)Al  1s 2s 2p , 8O  1s 2s 2p
[CU. 2006-2007, BRU.2013-14] e¨vL¨v: 3+ 2 2 6 2 2 4
A. ‡W½yR¡i B. K¨vÝvi C. wUDgvi D. Wvqv‡ewUm
9F  1s 2s 2p ; 12Mg  1s 2s 2p 3s
- 2 2 6 - 2 2 6 1
mwVK DËi: B. K¨vÝvi
e¨vL¨v: kix‡ii †Kvb ¯v‡b wUDgvi n‡j A_ev K¨vÝvi n‡j †Kvevë-60 (60Co)
eënvi K‡i †ivM wbY©q Kiv nq| (Av‡iv Rvb‡Z †ZRw¯…qZvi eënvi wkL‡Z n‡e|) STEP 02
ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION
03. wb‡gœi ‡Kvb ‡RvovwU ci¯ú‡ii AvB‡mv‡Uvc? [CU.2004-2005] SUST
+ 2- - 4-
32 30
A. 14 Si Ges 14 Si
64 64
B. 29 Cu Ges 30 Zn 01. Na , O , F , C Avqb ¸wji g‡a¨ wK ai‡bi wgj Av‡Q?
[SUST- 14-15, JSTU-C.2017-18]
35 2
C.
35
17 Cl Ges 14 Si D. 1 H Ges 42 He. A. ‡cÖvUb msL¨v mgvb B. B‡jKUªb msL¨v mgvb
C. fi msL¨v mgvb D. wbDUb msL¨v mgvb
mwVK DËi: A. 32 30
14 Si Ges 14 Si
mwVK DËi: B. B‡jKUªb msL¨v mgvb
e¨vL¨v: AvB‡mv‡Uvc n‡jv GKB †g․‡ji wfbœ wfbœ fi wKš‧ †cÖvUb msL¨v mgvb|
e¨vL¨v: Na+,O2–, F–, C4– Giv ci¯ú‡ii AvB‡mv B‡jKUªwbK|
wmwjK‡bi cvigvYweK msL¨v 14 wKš‧ fi msL¨v wfbœ 32 I 30|
04. ‡h me cigvYyi wbDUªb msL¨v mgvb wKš‧ †cÖvUb msL¨v I fi msL¨v wfbœ A_©vr G‡ì B‡jKUªb msL¨v mgvb|
Zv‡ì e‡j- [CU.2002-2003] JUST
A. AvB‡mv‡Uvc B. AvB‡mv‡Uvb C.AvB‡mvevi D.AvB‡mvgvi 01. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU †ZRwµq AvB‡mv‡Uvc? [JUST-A,Set-Kha 2018-19]
mwVK DËi: B. AvB‡mv‡Uvb A. 14C B. 16O C. 14N D. 35Cl
e¨vL¨v: AvB‡mv‡Uvb n‡jv wbDUªb msL¨v mgvb Ges fi msL¨v I †cÖvUb msL¨v wfbœ| 14
mwVK DËi: A. C
05. 14 Si, 15 P Ges 16 S ci¯ú‡ii |
30 31 32
[CU. 14-15, 01-02,RU.09-10]
e¨vL¨v: ‡ZRw®…q AvB‡mv‡Uvc 14C| c„w_exi eqm wbY©‡q GwU eëüZ nq|
A. AvB‡mv‡Uvc B. AvB‡mv‡Uvb C. AvB‡mvevi
D. AvB‡mv‡Uvc I AvB‡mv‡Uvb E. AvB‡mv‡Uvc I AvB‡mvevi MBSTU
mwVK DËi: B. AvB‡mv‡Uvb 01. K+ Gi mgB‡jKUªbxq †KvbwU? [MBSTU-C. 2019-20]
e¨vL¨v: wbDUªb msL¨v mgvb (16, 16, 16) ZvB ci¯úi AvB‡mv‡Uvb| A. Al3+ B. S2 C. F D. O2
2
KU mwVK DËi: B. S
01. `yBwU cigvYyi wbDwK¬qb msL¨v mgvb wKš‧ †cÖvUb msL¨v wfbœ, Zv‡ì ejv e¨vL¨v: K+ Gi e msL¨v 18 Ges S2 Gi e msL¨v 18|
nq- [KU. 2011-2012,RU.2012-13,JU.2010-11] 02. wWD‡Uwiqv‡gi wbDUªb msL¨v KZ? [MBSTU-C. 2019-20]
A. AvB‡mvevi B. AvB‡mv‡Uvb C. AvB‡mv‡Uvc D. AvB‡mvgvi A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
mwVK DËi: A. AvB‡mvevi mwVK DËi: B. 1
02. †KvbwU †_‡K Zxeª Mvgv iwk¥ wb‡ÿc K‡i K¨vÝvi wUDgvi aŸsm Kiv hvq?
e¨vL¨v: 21H , wbDUªb msL¨v = 2  1 = 1
[KU.2009-2010, BRU.13-14] 18
A. 12C B. 14C C. 60Co D. 58Co 03. 8 O
AvB‡mv‡UvcwUi fi msL¨v n‡”Q- [MBSTU- 17-18, CU. 2009-10]
60
mwVK DËi: C. Co A. 8 B.10 C. 18 D. 22 E. 26
IU mwVK DËi: C. 18
01. cÖK…wZ‡Z cÖvß ¯vqx Kve©‡bi AvB‡mv‡Uvc wK? e¨vL¨v: Mass, A = 18, P = 8, n = 18-8=10
[IU.2002-2003,KU-A.2009-10, MBSTU-C2.2017-18,CU.2009-10,JU.2013-14] 12 13
04. 6 C Ges 6 C ci¯ú‡ii? [MBSTU-C,Set-2:2018-19]
A. Kve©b-12 B. Kve©b-14 C. Kve©b-13 D. Kve©b-15
mwVK DËi: A.Kve©b-12 A. AvB‡mv‡Uvc B. AvB‡mv‡Uvb
e¨vL¨v: cÖK…wZ‡Z Kve©‡bi `ywU ¯vqx AvB‡mv‡Uvc we`¨gvb| C-12 nj Kve©‡bi C. AvB‡mvevi D. AvB‡mv‡Uvb I AvB‡mv‡Uvc
mvaviY AvB‡mv‡Uvc wKš‧ C-14 nj Kve©‡bi †ZRw¯…q AvB‡mv‡Uvc| Zvn‡jv mwVK DËi: A. AvB‡mv‡Uvc
C-12, C-13 G‡ì cÖvPzh© h_vµ‡g 98.89% I 1.11%| ZvB C-12 ‡K e¨vL¨v: ci¯ú‡ii cvigvYweK msL¨v mgvb e‡j Giv ci¯ú‡ii AvB‡mv‡Uvc|
‡ewk ¯vqx AvB‡mv‡Uvc aiv nq|
BSMRSTU STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION
14
01. 6
CI 16
8
O ci¯ú‡iiÑ [BSMRSTU-A. 2019-20]
CUET
A. AvB‡mvevi B. AvB‡mv‡Uvc C. AvB‡mvgvi D. AvB‡mv‡Uvb 01. ‡Kvb `ywU cigvYy ci¯ú‡ii AvB‡mvevi? [CUET. 2014-15]
mwVK DËi: D. AvB‡mv‡Uvb A. 64Cu, 64Zn B. 35Cl, 34S C. 30Si, 31P D. 1H, 2H
e¨vL¨v: 146C I 168OG‡ì wbDUªb msL¨vi h_vµ‡g 8 I 8,ZvB Giv AvB‡mv‡Uvb| 64
mwVK DËi: A. Cu, Zn 64
02. ‡KvbwU Cl- Gi AvB‡mvB‡j±ªwbK? [BSMRSTU-B.2017-18] 02. wb‡Pi wbDwK¬qvmÎq Gi g‡a¨ †Kvb¸wj AvB‡mvUwbK? [CUET. 2014-15]
A. S2– B. P3– C. K+ D. meKqwU 235
U 92 40
Ar18
mwVK DËi: D. meKqwU 1 3 3 237 40
e¨vL¨v: hv‡ì B‡jKUªb msL¨v mgvb Zviv ci¯ú‡ii AvB‡mvB‡jKUªwbK| A. H, H, H B. U 92 C. Ar19 D.14C, 15N, 16O
Cl– = B‡jKUªb msL¨v 18, S2- G 18wU, P3- G 18wU, K+G 18wU K‡i 238
U 92 40
Ar20
B‡jKUªb we`¨gvb| 14
mwVK DËi: D. C, N, O 15 16
03. fvix cvwb †KvbwU? [BSMRSTU:2018-19] e¨vL¨v: wbDUªb msL¨v mgvb| [14–6 =8, 15–7 = 8, 16–8 = 8]
A. H2O B. D2O C. H3O+ D. H2O2 BUTex
mwVK DËi: B. D2O 01. MjMÛ †iv‡Mi wPwKrmvq wb‡gœi †Kvb AvB‡mv‡Uvc eënvi Kiv nq?
e¨vL¨v: H2O  cvwb; D2O  fvwi cvwb (wWD‡Uwiqvg 1 H)|
2
[BUTex.2013-14; JSTU-B. 2016-17, JU.2013-14]
A. 131I B. 127 I C. 129 I D. 126 I
HSTU mwVK DËi: A. 131I
01. wb‡gœi †Kvb AvqbwU‡Z wµÞb (Kr) cigvYyi gZ mgmsL¨K B‡jKUªb STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION
we`¨gvb? [HSTU-A.2017-18]
MAT
A. Cl- B. Rb+
C. Na+ D. Xe 01. Aw·‡R‡bi KZwU AvB‡mv‡Uvc cvIqv hvq? [MAT. 2019-20]
+ A. PviwU B. `yBwU C. GKwU D. wZbwU
mwVK DËi: B. Rb
mwVK DËi: D. wZbwU
e¨vL¨v: Rb G B‡jKUªb msL¨v 37 Ges Rb+ G B‡jKUªb msL¨v 36 hv wµÞb e¨vL¨v: Aw·‡R‡bi wZbwU AvB‡mv‡Uvc: 16O, 17O, 18O
8 8 8
(Kr) Gi B‡jKUªb msL¨vi mgvb| Giv AvB‡mvB‡j±ªwbK|
02. wb‡Pi †Kvb †g․jwUi ¯vqx AvB‡mv‡Uvc Av‡Q? [MAT 2018-19]
02. wb‡Pi †Kvb wmwi‡R wZbwU KYviB mgmsL¨K B‡jKUªb we`¨gvb?
A. Na B. K C. Fe D. Ca
[HSTU-B.2016-17]
A. Cl, Br, I– B. F–, Ne, Na+ mwVK DËi: A. Na
C. Li+, Na+, K+ D. Mg2+, O2–, Na e¨vL¨v: cÖK…wZ‡Z Na I Au e¨wZZ mKj †g․‡ji GKvwaK AvB‡mv‡Uvc i‡q‡Q|
–
mwVK DËi: B. F , Ne, Na + A_©vr †mvwWqv‡gi GKwU gvÎ ¯vqx AvB‡mv‡Uvc Av‡Q|
03. †h mg¯Í cigvYyi fimsL¨v ev cvigvYweK IRb GKB wKš‧ cvigvYweK
e¨vL¨v: F–, Ne, Na+ G‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki 10wU K‡i B‡jKUªb i‡q‡Q|
msL¨v wfbœ, Zv‡ì‡K e‡j- [MAT- 2017-18]
DU Technology A. AvB‡mvgvi B. AvB‡mvevi C. AvB‡mv‡Uvb D. AvB‡mv‡Uvc
01. wb‡¤œi †Kvb hyMjØq ci¯ú‡ii AvB‡mv‡Uvb? [DU-Projukti. 2019-20]
mwVK DËi: B. AvB‡mvevi
12 13 35 37
04. wb‡¤œi †KvbwUi AvB‡mv‡Uvc GKwU? [MAT. 2015-16]
A. 6 C and 6 C B. 17 Cl and 17 Cl A. C B. Cl C. H D. Na
C. 13
6C and 147 N D. 14
6C and 147 N mwVK DËi: D. Na
13
e¨vL¨v: cÖK…wZ‡Z †gvU cÖvß AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci msL¨v cÖvq 1300| G‡ì g‡a¨ ïay ¯^Y©
mwVK DËi: C. 6C and 147 N (Au)Ges †mvwWqv‡gi (Na) AvB‡mv‡Uvc GKwU K‡i|
 CONCEPT 04 †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v
 Item-01: †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi cÖv_wgK Z_¨vejxt
‡Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v cÖZxK wK wb‡`©k K‡i Avwe®‥viK MvwbwZK mgxKiY we‡kl Z_¨
kw³ ¯Í‡ii nh †h †Kv‡bv cÖavb kw³¯Í‡ii m‡e©v”P B‡jKUªb aviY
cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v n ‡evi mvr =
AvKvi 2 ÿgZv n‡”Q 2n2|
mnKvix ev A¨vwRgy_vj Dckw³¯Í‡ii h l (l  1) `l’ Gi gvb 0 n‡eB Ges n – 1 ch©šÍ|
l mgvi-wdì mvr =
†Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v AvK…wZ 2
ml h (i) m Gi gvb + l †_‡K 0 mn –l n‡Z cv‡i|
mvr =
2 (ii) †h †Kv‡bv Dckw³¯Í‡i †gvU AiweUvj msL¨v = (2l + 1)
g¨vM‡bwUK ev Pz¤^K AiweUvj msL¨v
m wRg¨vb (iii) †h †Kv‡bv Dckw³¯Í‡ii m‡e©v”P B‡jKUªb
†Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v Ges web¨vm
aviYÿgZv = 2(2l + 1)
(iii) n Gi †h †Kvb gv‡bi Rb¨ †gvU AiweUvj msL¨v nq n2
w¯úb ev N~Y©b B‡jKUªb N~Y©‡bi D‡jb‡eK I h s ( s  1) B‡jKUªb N~Y©‡bi w`K s =  2
1
s ev ms mvr =
†Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v cÖK…wZ I w`K Myìw¯§_ 2
‡R‡b ivLv fvj-  †gvU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v 4 wU  Kÿc_ wfwËK †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v 3wU  w`K wb‡`©kK †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v 1wU
 mwVK/mwVK bq A_ev Aby‡gv`b‡hvM¨/Aby‡gv`b‡hvM¨ bq m¤úwK©Z Z_¨vejxt
mwVK bq, mZ¨ bq, Aby‡gv`b‡hvM¨ bq, wg_¨v n‡e hw`, n = l, n=0, n < l, l < m, n = m nq ev s=1/2 Qvov Ab¨ wKQz nq| Gevi we‡kølYx
`„wó wb‡q D`vniY jÿ¨ Ki|
m¤úK© mwVK/mwVK bq KviY
1
n = 3, l = 3, m = 2, s = + /2 mwVK bq n = l A_©vr cÖavb I mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v mgvb| hv m¤¢e bq|
n = 4, l = 3, m = 4, s = +1/2 mwVK bq l < m A_©vr †P․¤^Kxq †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v, mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi †P‡q
†QvU hv Am¤¢e|
n = 0, l = 3, m = 2, s = +1/2 mwVK bq n = 0 A_©vr cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v (n) Gi gvb 0 (k~b¨) hv m¤¢e bq|
n = 3, l = 3, m = 2, s = +1 mwVK bq s Gi gvb me©`vB  1/2 Ges n = l hv m¤¢e bq|
 ‡Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v †_‡K B‡jKUªb msL¨v wbY©q t
†UKwbKt en = m Gi gvb msL¨v  s Gi gvb (w`K) msL¨v [s Gi gvb Fixed = 1/2]
1
(i) n = 3, l =2, m = 2, s = 1/2 ( m = 5wU gvb),  en = 52 = 10 (iv) n = 2, l = 0, m = 0 , s =   en = 12 = 2
2
1
(ii) n = 3, l = 2, m = 1 (gv‡b GKwU) s = +  en = 11 = 1 1
2 (v) n = 3, l = 1, m = -1 , s = +  en = 11 = 1
2
1
(iii) n = 2, l = 1, m = +1 , s =   en = 12 = 2 1
2 (vi) n = 4, l = 3, m = +2 , s = -  en = 11 = 1
2
 cÖavb kw³¯Íi †_‡K B‡jKUªb msL¨v wbY©q t
mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v Pz¤^Kxq
cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg cÖavb Dc¯Í‡i B‡jKUª‡bi †gvU B‡jKUª‡bi
0 †_‡K †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v (m) 0 mn AiweUvj msL¨v
msL¨v kw³¯Íi (n) msL¨v =2(2ℓ+1) msL¨v
(n–1) ch©šÍ l
K n=1 ℓ=0 0 1 2(2×0+1)=2 2
ℓ=0 0 1 2(2×0+1)=2
L n=2 8
1 +1,0,–1 3 2(2×1+1)=6
ℓ=0 0 1 2(2×0+1)=2
M n=3 1 +1, 0,–1 3 2(2×1+1)=6 18
2 +2,+1,0,–1,–2 5 2(2×2+1)=10
ℓ=0 0 1 2(2×0+1)=2
1 +1,0,–1 3 2(2×1+1)=6
N n=4 32
2 +2,+1,0,–1,–2 5 2(2×2+1)=10
3 +3,+2,+1,0,–1,–2,–3 7 2(2×3+1)=14
 SAQ
Broad Ans Question
cÖkœ-1 : ÔlÕ Øviv Kx wb‡`©wkZ nq?

DËi : Ôl' Øviv mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v ev A¨vwRgy_vj †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v eySvq hv AvK…wZ wb‡`©k K‡i|
h l(l+1) h 0  (0 + 1)
cÖkœ-2 : s-AiweUv‡ji †ÿ‡Î †K․wYK fi‡e‡Mi gvb KZ? DËi: mvr = 2
=
2
=0
1
cÖkœ-3 : cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v n = 3 n‡j Ab¨vb¨ †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v¸‡jv wK wK? DËi: n = 3, l = 0, 1, 2 m = (0, ±1, ±2), S ±
2
cÖkœ-4 : 4d Dckw³¯Í‡ii AiweUvj ¸‡jvi Rb¨ n, l I m-Gi gv‡bi ZvwjKv wjL| DËi : n = 4, l = 2, m = 0, ±1, ±2
cÖkœ-5 : †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v Kx? [e.‡ev. 2016; h.‡ev. 2016]
DËi : †Kvqv›Uvg ejwe`¨v Abymv‡i cigvYy‡Z Aew¯Z B‡jKUª‡bi kw³¯Í‡ii AvKvi, AvK…wZ, kw³¯Í‡ii web¨vm Ges wbR A‡¶i PZzw`©‡K AveZ©‡bi w`K cÖKvkK
msL¨v‡K †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v e‡j|
STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION e¨vL¨v: n=2 n‡j, 1=1 Ges m=-1, 0,+1, s=  1/2
cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v I mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v KLbI mgvb n‡Z cv‡i bv|
DU
06. cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v wb‡Pi †KvbwU wb‡`©k K‡i? [DU.2001-2002]
01. wb‡gœi †Kvb& †Kvqv›Uvg †mUwU cigvYyi GKwU B‡j±«‡bi Rb¨ m¤¢e bq?
[DU. 2012-2013]
A. AiweUv‡j B‡jKUªb Ae¯v‡bi w`K B. B‡jKUª‡bi AiweUv‡ji AvK…wZ
A. n = 2, l = 1, m = 0, s = +1/2 B. n = 3, l = 1, m = 2, s = –1/2 C. B‡jKUª‡bi kw³¯Íi D. B‡jKUª‡bi N~Y©‡bi w`K
C. n = 1, l = 0, m = 0, s = –1/2 D. n = 2, l = 0, m = 0, s = +1/2 mwVK DËi: C. B‡jKUª‡bi kw³¯Íi
mwVK DËi: B. n = 3, l = 1, m = 2, s = –1/2 JnU
myZivs, n = 3 n‡j ℓ= 1 n‡Z cv‡i| Avevi ℓ = 1 n‡j m = 0, +1, –1 01. mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v (l)-Gi gvb KZ n‡j f-AiweUvj m¤¢e? [JnU. 2015-16]
n‡Z cv‡i| wKš‧ m = 2 m¤¢e bq| A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
02. wb‡gœi †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v¸wji †Kvb †mUwU Aby‡gvw`Z bq? [DU. 2010-2011] mwVK DËi: C. 3
A. n = 1, l = 0, m = 0 B. n = 2, l = 2, m = -1 e¨vL¨v: l=0s, l = 1 p, l = 2  d, l = 3  f
C. n = 3, l = 2, m = 2 D. n = 4, l = 3, m = -1
02. cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v 4 n‡j AiweUvj -Gi msL¨v n‡e-
mwVK DËi: B. n = 2, l = 2, m = –1 [JnU. 2014-15;HSTU-B:2017-18]
e¨vL¨v: n l m s A. 16 B. 14 C. 10 D. 32
1 0 0 1/2 mwVK DËi: A. 16
0 0 e¨vL¨v: AiweUvj msL¨v = n2 = 42 = 16;
2 1/2
1 –1, 0, +1 03. 3d Dc¯Í‡ii KZ¸‡jv ¯^xK…Z Pz¤^Kxq †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v Av‡Q? [JnU.2010-2011]
0 0 A. 3 B. 7 C. 5 D. 9
3 1 –1, 0, +1 1/2 mwVK DËi: C. 5
2 –2, –1, 0, +1, +2 e¨vL¨v: 3d Dc¯Í‡i, n=3, l = 3–1 = 2
0 0 myZivs, Py¤^Kxq †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v ms = (+2, +1, 0, –1, –2) A_©vr †gvU
1 –1, 0, +1 †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v 5wU|
4 1/2
2 –2, 0, +1, +2 04. ‡P․¤^Kxq †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v wK wb‡`©k K‡i?
3 –3, –2, –1, 0, +1, +2, +3 [JnU.2005-06, RU.2009-10, IU.2004-05, JU-A3.2017-18]
A. AiweUv‡ji AvKvi B. AiweUv‡ji Ae¯vb
myZivs n = 2 n‡j l = 0, 1 n‡Z cv‡i wKš‧ l = 2 n‡Z cv‡i bv| C. AiweUv‡ji w`K D. AiweUv‡ji MwZ
A_©vr KLbB cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v I mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v mgvb n‡Z mwVK DËi: C. AiweUv‡ji w`K
cv‡i bv| Kv‡RB B †mUwU Aby‡gvw`Z bq|
JU
03. cigvYyi GKwU B‡jKUª‡bi Rb¨ wb‡Pi PviwU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi †Kvb †mU&wU
Aby‡gv`b‡hvM¨? [DU. 2008-2009] 01. wb‡Pi †Kvb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vwU AiweUv‡ji AvK…wZ msÁvwqZ K‡i?
1 [JU-D,Set-C: 2018-19]
A. n = 1, l = 1, m = 0, and s = + /2 A.n B. l C. m D. s
B. n = 3, l = 1, m = -2, and s = -1/2 mwVK DËi: B. l
C. n = 2, l = 1, m = 0, and s = +1/2 e¨vL¨v: cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v (n) Kÿc‡_i AvKvi
D. n = 2, l = 0, m = 0, and s = 1 mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v (l) Kÿc‡_i AvK…wZ
mwVK DËi: C. n = 2, l = 1, m = 0, and s = +1/2 ‡P․¤^Kxq †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v (m) wÎgvwÎK w`K web¨vm
e¨vL¨v: n = 2, l = 1, m = +1, 0, -1 and s w¯úb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v (s) e- Gi N~Y©‡bi w`K
=  1/2 Kv‡RB C. Aby‡gv`b‡hvM¨| 02. Dckw³ ¯Íi s Gi Rb¨ l I m Gi gvb h_vµ‡g- [JU.2017-18, KU-17-18]
04. GKwU AiweUv‡j PviwU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb n = 3, l = 2, m = 1 Ges A. 0, 1 B. 1, 0 C. 0, 0 D. 1, 1
1 mwVK DËi: C. 0, 0
s   n‡j B‡jKUªb msL¨v n‡e- [DU. 2007-2008] e¨vL¨v: Dckw³¯Íi s Gi Rb¨ mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v l Gi gvb nq 0| l Gi
2
A. 1wU B. 2wU C. 5wU D. 10wU gvb 0 n‡j m Gi gvb I 0 n‡e|
mwVK DËi: A. 1wU 03. Dckw³ ¯Íi p Gi Rb¨ l I m Gi gvb h_vµ‡g- [JU-A2.2017-18]
A. 1I 1,0,-1 B. 0I 1,0,-1 C. 0,1 I 1,0 D. 1,0,-1I 1
e¨vL¨v: GLv‡b m = 1 I s = + 1  en = 1  1 = 1wU mwVK DËi: A. 1I 1,0,-1
2
05. wb‡Pi †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v¸‡jvi †Kvb †mUwU wbwl×? e¨vL¨v: p Dc kw³ ¯Í‡ii Rb¨ l = 1 Ges m = (–1,0,1)
[DU.2003-2004, Jn. U.2008-2009,2007-08] 04. Py¤^Kxq †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb wbf©i K‡i- [JU-A4.2017-18]
A. n = 1; 1=0; m = 0; s =  1/2 A. cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi Dci B. mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi Dci
B. n = 3; 1=2; m = -2; s =  1/2 C. w¯úb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi Dci D. me¸‡jvi Dci
C. n = 2; 1=2; m = +2; s =  1/2 mwVK DËi: B. mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi Dci
D. n = 4; 1=2; m = 0; s =  1/2 e¨vL¨v: mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v l n‡j Py¤^Kxq †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb nq -l
mwVK DËi: C. n=2; 1=2; m=+2; s=  1/2 †_‡K 0 mn + l ch©šÍ|
05. cÖwZwU l Gi gv‡bi Rb¨ m Gi gvb Av‡Q- [JU-A9.2017-18] 02. ‡mvwWqvg cigvYyi 11 Zg B‡jKUª‡bi PviwU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb nj-
A. 2  msL¨K B. (2  -1)msL¨K [RU-H3.2017-18]

C. (  +1)msL¨K D. (2  +1) msL¨K 1 1
A. n=3, l=0, m=0, ms= - B. n=3, l=0, m=-1, ms=-
2 2
mwVK DËi: D. (2  +1) msL¨K
1
e¨vL¨v: l Gi cÖwZwU gv‡bi Rb¨ m Gi (2l+1) msL¨K gvb _v‡K| C. n=3, l=0, m=0, ms= + D. A Ges C DfqB
2
06. 4d AiweUvjwUi Rb¨ †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi †Kvb †mUwU mwVK? [JU-A9.2017-18] 1
mwVK DËi: C. n=3, l=0, m=0, ms= + 2
A. n=4,  =0, m=0, s=+ 1 B. n=4,  =1, m=1, s=+ 1
2 2
e¨vL¨v: Na Gi 11 Zg B‡jKUªb 3s AiweUv‡j cÖ‡ek K‡i|
C. n=4,  =2, m=+2, s=+ 1 D. n=4,  =3, m=+2, s=+ 1 1
2 2
3s1 Gi Rb¨ n = 3, l = 0, m = 0, s = +
mwVK DËi: C. n=4,  =2, m=+2, s=+ 2 1 2
03. wb‡Pi 4wU ‡Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gv‡bi †Kvb †mUwU Aev¯Íe? [RU-H. 2015-16]
1 A. 3, 2, –3, +1/2 B. 5, 3, 0, – 1/2
e¨vL¨v: 4d Gi Rb¨ n = 4, l = 2, m = –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, s =  2
C. 4, 0, 0, + 1/2 D. 3, 2, 2, – 1/2
07. Py¤^Kxq †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v m Gi 7 wU gvb cvIqv hvq mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg mwVK DËi: A. 3, 2, –3, +1/2
msL¨v  -Gi †Kvb gv‡bi Rb¨? [JU-A13.2017-18]
1
A. 2 B. 3 e¨vL¨v: n = l, n < l, n = ml, s =  G iKg kZ© _vK‡j †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi
C. 4 D. 5 2
mwVK DËi: B. 3 †mU Aev¯Íe n‡e|
m 1 7 1 04. cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb 2 n‡j g¨vM‡bwUK †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb KZ
e¨vL¨v: m = 2l + 1  2l = m - 1  l =  3 n‡e? [RU. 2009-2010]
2 2
A. 3 B. 2
08. cigvYy¯ †Kvb B‡jKUª‡bi Rb¨ †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi †Kvb †mUwU m¤¢e bq?
[JU-A. 2016-17] C. 5 D. 7
A. n=3, l=2, s=½ B. n=3, l=2, m=1, s=-½ mwVK DËi: A.3
C. n=3, l=2, m=0, s=½ D. n=3, l=1, m=-1, s= ½ e¨vL¨v: n = 2, l = n -1 = 2-1 = 1, m = l(+1,0,-1)
mwVK DËi: A. n=3, l=2, s=½ A_ev, m~ÎwU‡Z gvb emv‡jB mwVK msL¨v Rvbv hvq|
e¨vL¨v: ‡h‡nZy GKwU B‡jKUªb total cycle Gi A‡a©KUv Ny‡i Ges GB N~Y©b m= 2 l +1 = 2.1+1 = 3
Nwoi KvUvi w`‡K ev wecixZ w`K n‡Z cv‡i ZvB w¯úb ‡Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi 05. cigvYy‡Z B‡jKUª‡bi Ae¯vb eY©bv Kiv hvq †KvbwU Øviv? [RU.2009-10]
1 A. ‡Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v B. AiweUvj
gvb  Qvov Ab¨ wKQz n‡Z cvi‡e bv| D³ Ack‡b m Abycw¯Z|
2 C. B‡jKUªb msL¨v D. ‡KvbwUB bq|
09. †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v Øviv wb‡`©wkZ nq bv †KvbwU? [JU:2013-2014] mwVK DËi: A. ‡Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v
A. cigvYyi AvKvi B. cigvYyi AvK…wZ 06. ‡Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi cÖ‡qvRb wK? [RU.2007-2008]
C. wÎgvwÎK w`K web¨vm D. cigvYyi cÖK…wZ A. Kÿc‡_i AvKvi I AvK…wZ cÖKvk K‡i
mwVK DËi: D. cigvYyi cÖK…wZ B. B‡jKUª‡bi Ae¯v‡bi w`K wb‡`©k K‡i
e¨vL¨v: g~jZ †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v Øviv †Kvb cigvYy‡Z cÖwZwU B‡jKUª‡bi kw³¯Í‡ii C. B‡jKUª‡bi N~Y©‡bi w`K wb‡`©k K‡i
AvKvi, AvK„wZ, wÎgvwÎK w`K web¨vm Ges Aÿ eivei B‡jKUªb ¸‡jvi D. me KqwU|
N~Y©b w`K cÖKvk Kiv nq| wKš‧ cigvYyi cÖK…wZ Rvbv hvq bv| mwVK DËi: D. me KqwU|
10. cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v n Gi gvb 3 n‡j mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v l Gi gvb
CU
n‡e? [JU. 2013-2014]
01. n = 3, l = 1 DcK‡ÿ KqwU B‡jKUªb _vK‡Z cv‡i?
A. 1, 2, 3 B. 0, 1, 2
[CU-A.2019-20; CU:2012-13]
C. 0, +1, -1 D. 0, +1, +2 A. 32 B. 8
mwVK DËi: B. 0, 1, 2 C. 18 D. 6
1 mwVK DËi: D. 6
e¨vL¨v: n = cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v n‡j, l = 0 †_‡K n-1, m =  l, s =  2
e¨vL¨v: Avgiv Rvwb, m = 0 mn – l †_‡K + l ch©šÍ
n = 3, l = 0, 1, 2
n = 3, l = 1 n‡j, m = – 1, 0, + 1
RU A_©vr AiweUvj msL¨v 3wU  B‡jKUªb msL¨v = 3  2 = 6wU|
01. H cigvYyi †ejvq wb‡Pi †Kvb B‡jKUªwbK †j‡fj 1wU †dvUb †kvlY Ki‡Z 02. ‡Kvb cigvYyi 3q kw³ ¯Í‡i B‡jKUªb _vwK‡Z cv‡i... [CU-F1.2016-17]
cv‡i? [RU-Science-2,Set-3: 2018-19] A. 8 wU B. 12 wU
A. 3s B. 1s C. 18 wU D. 14 wU E.32 wU
C. 2s D. 2p mwVK DËi: C. 18 wU
mwVK DËi: B. 1s
e¨vL¨v: ‡Kvb cigvYyi †h †Kvb kw³ ¯Í‡i 2n2 msL¨K B‡jKUªb Ges n2 msL¨K
e¨vL¨v: H cigvYyi †ejvq 1s B‡j±ªb †j‡fj 1wU †dvUb †kvlYKi‡Z cv‡i|
AiweUvj _vK‡Z cv‡i| ZvB Z…Zxq kw³ ¯Í‡i 2.32 = 18wU B‡jKUªb Ges
KviY H = 1s1|
n2 = 9wU AiweUvj _vK‡Z cv‡i|
03. B‡jKUª‡bi ‡Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v l = 3 n‡j ml Gi gvb ---| STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION
[CU. 2015-16]
A. –3, –2, –1, 0 B. 3, 2, 1, 0 SUST
1
C. 4, 3, 2, 1 D. 3, 2, 1, 0 E. 4, 3, 2, 1 01. GKwU d B‡jKUª‡bi †¶‡Î †Kvqv›Uvg †Kvb †mUwU mwVK? [SUST-A. 19-20]
mwVK DËi: D. 3, 2, 1, 0 A. (3, 1, 0, 1/2) B. (3, 2, 0, 1/2) C. (3, 1, 2, –1/2)
04. GKwU K¨vjwmqvg wbDwK¬qv‡mi ms‡KZ msL¨v- [CU.2008-2009] D. (2, 2, 2, 1/2) E. (3, 0, –2, 1/2)
A. 20 B. 23 mwVK DËi: B. (3, 2, 0, 1/2)
C. 24 D. 28 e¨vL¨v: d-Awe©Uv‡ji Rb¨ l = 2, m = 2, s = 1
mwVK DËi: A. 20 2
02. ‡Kvb †Kvqv›Uvg (n, l, m, s) msL¨vi web¨vm m¤¢e bq? [SUST-B93]
e¨vL¨v: Ca (20), V (23), Cr 24  , Ni (28)
40 51 52 58
A. (4,2,-3,+1/2 ) B. (3,2,1,+1/2)
20 23 24 28 C. (2,1,0,-1/2) D. (1,0,0+1/2) E. (3,0,0-1/2)
CoU mwVK DËi: A. (4,2,-3,+1/2 )
2+
01. Cu (29) Gi †kl B‡jKUª‡bi Rb¨ mwVK n‡jv? 1
e¨vL¨v: n > l  m Ges s =  2 n‡j AiweUvj m¤¢e|
[CoU–A. 2019-20;CVASU.2013-14]
1 03. ‡Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v n, l Ges ml Øviv h_vµ‡g- [SUST. 2012-2013]
A. n = 3, l = 1, m = + 1, s = + A. †g․‡ji cvigvYweK msL¨v, fi msL¨v I AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci msL¨v eySvq
2
1 B. cigvYy‡Z B‡jKUª‡bi AvK…wZ, †cÖvU‡bi AvK…wZ Ges wbDUª‡bi AvK…wZ eySvq
B. n = 3, l = 2, m = + 2, s = – C. cigvYy‡Z AiweUv‡ji AvKvi, AvK…wZ I wÎgvwÎK web¨vm eySvq
2
1 D. cigvYy‡Z B‡jKUªb msL¨v, †cÖvUb msL¨v I wbDUªb msL¨v eySvq
C. n = 3, l = 1, m = + 0, s = + E. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb †g․‡ji eY©vjxi evgvi wmwiR, jvBg¨vb wmwiR I eª¨v‡KU wmwiR eySvq
2
1 mwVK DËi: C. cigvYy‡Z AiweUv‡ji AvKvi, AvK…wZ I wÎgvwÎK web¨vm eySvq
D. n = 3, l = 3, m = + 3, s = – 04. wb‡Pi †Kvqv›Uvg b¤^‡ii †Kvb †mUwU Aev¯Íe?
2 [SUST:2010-2011]
1 A. (n=2, l =1, m=0, s=+½) B.( n=2, l =1, m=+1, s=+½)
mwVK DËi: B. n = 3, l = 2, m = + 2, s = – 2 C. (n=2, l =0, m=0, s=+½) D. (n=2, l =0, m=+1, s=+½)
02. Fe (26) Gi me©‡kl B‡j±ª‡bi †ejvq †KvbwU mwVK? [CoU-A. 2016-17]
mwVK DËi: D. (n=2, l =0, m=+1, s=+½)
A. n = 3, l = 1, m = + 1, s = +1/2 e¨vL¨v: n=2, l =2-1=1, m=±1(+1,0,-1) , s=±1/2
B. n = 4, l = 2, m = 0, s = +1/2 l = 0 n‡j m Gi gvb +1 n‡Z cv‡i bv| Kv‡RB D AckbwU Aev¯Íe|
C. n = 4, l = l, m = +1, s = +1/2 05. GKwU 4s B‡jKUª‡bi n, l I m Gi gvb- [SUST:2007-08]
D. n = 3, l = 2, m = +1,s = – ½ A. (4, 0,0) B. (4, 1, 0) C. (4, 0, 1) D. (0, 3, 1)
mwVK DËi: D. n = 3, l = 2, m = +1, s = ½ mwVK DËi: A. (4, 0,0)
e¨vL¨v: Fe(26) Gi †kl kw³¯Í‡ii B‡jKUªb web¨vm: [Ar] 3d6 4s2 e¨vL¨v: GKwU 4s B‡jKUª‡bi n, l I m Gi gvb- n = 4, l = 0, m = 0.
2
3dxy 3dyz 3dzx 3dx2–y2 3dz2 4s 06. B‡jKUª‡bi wewfbœ AiweUv‡ji Awi‡q›Ukb (Awfweb¨vm) cÖKv‡ki Rb¨
↿⇂ ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ wb‡Pi †Kvb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v cÖ‡hvR¨?
↿⇂ [SUST:2006-2007]
†kl B‡jKUªbwU 3dxy G Aew¯Z Ges wb¤œ w¯úbhy³| ZvB 3dxy w¯úb A. cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v B. A¨vwRgy_vj †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v
1 C . ‡P․¤^ Kxq †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v D. N~Y©b †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v
†Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v n‡e s = –2| mwVK DËi: C. ‡P․¤^Kxq †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v
IU MBSTU
01. wb‡Pi †Kvb AiweUvjwU m¤¢e bq? [MBSTU-C,Set-2:2018-19]
01. cigvYy¯ †Kvb B‡jKUª‡bi Rb¨ †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi †Kvb †mUwU m¤¢e bq?
[IU- 18-19] A. 3d B. 2p C. 3f D. 4d
A. n=3, 1=2, m=+2, s=+1/2 B. n=2, 1=2, m=0, s=-1/2 mwVK DËi: C. 3f
C. n=3, 1=0, m=0, s=-1/2 D. n=2, 1=1, m=+1, s=+1/2 e¨vL¨v: 3f AiweUv‡ji Rb¨ n = 3 Ges l = 3 e‡j AiweUvjwU m¤¢e bq
mwVK DËi: B. n=2, 1=2, m=0, s = -1/2 02. n = 4 Ges l = 3 DcK‡ÿ me‡P‡q †ewk B‡jKUªb msL¨v n‡e-
e¨vL¨v: n = l n‡j AiweUvj m¤¢e bq| [MBSTU-C2.2017-18,JU-D.16-2017,HSTU-A.16-2017,IU.2005-06]
A. 2 B. 6 C. 10 D. 14
Agriculture
mwVK DËi: D. 14
01. GKwU cigvYyi M †k‡ji cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v 3| H †k‡ji cÖavb kw³
e¨vL¨v: l = 3 n‡j m‡e©v”P B‡jKUªb aviY ÿgZv
¯Í‡ii AiweUvj msL¨v KZ n‡e? [BAU. 2008-09, TS- 11-12]
A. 30 B. 6 C. 9 D. 18 = 2 (2l + 1) = 2 (2  3 + 1) = 14
mwVK DËi: C. 9 03. GKwU cigvYy‡Z PviwU AhyM¥ B‡jKUªb _vK‡j cigvYyi me©‡gvU ¯úxb KZ?
[MBSTU-C2.2017-18]
e¨vL¨v: cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v 3 n‡j H †k‡ji cÖavb kw³ ¯Í‡ii AiweUvj
A. 1 B. 1.5 C. 2 D. 4
msL¨v n‡e 9wU| KviY, AiweUvj msL¨v = n2 = 32 = 9| mwVK DËi: C. 2
1 ASPECT SERIES  1
e¨vL¨v: GKwU cigvYy‡Z GKwU AhyM¥ B‡jKUªb _vK‡j Zvi ¯úxb 2 nq| AZGe, mwVK DËi: A. n = 2, ℓ = 2, m = 0, s = + 2
1
PviwU AhyM¥ B‡jKUª‡bi Rb¨ ¯úxb n‡e = 2  4 = 2 e¨vL¨v: ℓ = (n – 1) ZvB n = 2. ℓ = 2 m¤¢e bq|
BSMRSTU STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION

01. wb‡¤œi †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v¸wji †Kvb †mUwU Aby‡gvw`Z bq?
[BSMRSTU-H.2017-18] KUET
A. n = l, l = 0, m = 0 B. n = 2, l = 2, m = -1 01. bx‡Pi †Kvb †m‡Ui †Kvqv›Uvg bv¤^v‡ii gvbmg~n mwVK bq? [KUET-2016-17]
C. n – 3, l = 2, m = + 2 D. n = 4, l = 3, m = -1
1 1
mwVK DËi: B. n = 2, l = 2, m = -1 A. n=1, l =0, m1=0, ms = +
2
B. n=1, l =1, m1=0, ms = +
2
e¨vL¨v: n = 2 n‡j, l = n – 1 = 2 – 1 = 1 ZvB n = 2, l = 2 m¤¢e bq| 1 1
02. 3d AiweUv‡ji Rb¨ m Gi gvb wb‡gœi †Kvb †mUwU? [BMSTU. B. 2016-17] C. n=2, l =1, m1=0, ms =+ D. n=3, l =1, m1=0, ms =+
2 2
A.  2,  1, 0 B. 1, 0 1
C. 0,1,2,3 D.  3, 2, 1, 0 E. n=3, l =1, m1=0, ms =+
2
mwVK DËi: A.  2,  1, 0 1
e¨vL¨v: 3d AiweUv‡ji Rb¨, n=3,l=2, m= 2( 2,  1, 0 ) mwVK DËi: B. n=1, l =1, m1=0, ms =+2
03. Cu(29) cigvYyi me©ewn¯ Kÿ c‡_i B‡j±ª‡bi PviwU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi e¨vL¨v: lGi gvb me©`v 0 †_‡K (n-1) ch©šÍ nq| n=l mgvb n‡Z cv‡ibv|
gvbÑ [BMSTU-C. 2016-17] 02. Aw·‡R‡bi 8wU B‡jKUªb Av‡Q| bx‡Pi †Kvb Z_¨/ Z_¨mg~n Aw·‡R‡bi
A. n =4, 1=0, m=0, s= -1/2 B. n =4, 1=0, m=0, s= +1/2 B‡jKUª‡bi kw³¯Í‡ii Rb¨ mZ¨? [KUET. 2014-15]
C. n =4, 1=3, m=7, s= -1/2 D. n =4, 1=3, m=7, s= +1/2 2
(i) 1s kw³¯Í‡i cÖ_g B‡jKUª‡bi Rb¨ PviwU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb¸‡jv
mwVK DËi: B. n =4, 1=0, m=0, s= +1/2
e¨vL¨v: Cu(29) Gi me©ewn¯Í¯Íi 4s1 Gi PviwU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb 100 + 1 A_ev 100 – 1
 2  2
1 (ii) Aw·‡R‡bi †cÖ v Ub msL¨v 8 wU wbw`©ó n‡jI wbDUª‡bi msL¨v 8 wbw`©ó bq|
n=4, l = 0, m = 0, s = +
2 (iii) PZz_© †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v, s, ‡P․¤^K †ÿ‡Î B‡jKUª‡bi †P․¤^K åvgK wb‡`©k K‡i|
04. 2p AiweUv‡ji n, l Ges m Gi gvb h_vµ‡g- A. i B. i, ii C. i, iii D. ii, iii E. i, ii, iii
[BMSTU, 2016-17, DU-Ka.2014-15,06-07,RU.11-12]
mwVK DËi: B. i, ii
A. 2, 1, 0 B. 2, 1, (–1, 0, 1)
C. 2, 2, (–2, –1, 0, 1, 2) D. 1, 1, 0 1
e¨vL¨v: (i) mZ¨ KviY n = 1, l = 0, m = 0, s = +2 (ii) mZ¨ KviY O2 Gi
mwVK DËi: B. 2, 1, (–1, 0, 1)
e¨vL¨v: l = 0 n‡j, s AiweUvj, l = 1 n‡j, p AiweUvj, l = 2 n‡j, d isotope we`¨gvb; (iii) mZ¨ bq, KviY s N~Y©‡bi w`K wb‡`©k K‡i|
AiweUvj| 2p Gi †ÿ‡Î n = 2, l = 1, m =  1(+1, 0, –1) BUTex
th
HSTU 01. ‡K¬vwib Gi 14 electron wUi †ÿ‡Î PviwU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi mwVK †mU
01. l  2 n‡j m  KZ? [HSTU-A.2016-17] †KvbwU? [BUTex-2016-17]
A. 0,1,2, 3 B. 0,1,+2 n l m S n l m S
A. B.
C. 1, 2 D. 0,1,2 3 2 +1 +1/2 3 1 –1 –1/2
mwVK DËi: D. 0,1,2 n l m S n l m S
C. D.
3 0 0 +1/2 3 1 0 +1/2
02. †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v evo‡j- [HSTU-B.2017-18]
n l m S
A. cigvYyi AvKvi K‡g B. cigvYyi e¨vmva© K‡g mwVK DËi: D.
3 1 0 +1/2
C. cigvYyi kw³ ev‡o D. B‡jUª‡bi cÖwZ wbDwK¬qv‡mi AvKl©Y K‡g
e¨vL¨v: Cl(17)1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3px23p2y 3pz1
mwVK DËi: D. B‡jUª‡bi cÖwZ wbDwK¬qv‡mi AvKl©Y K‡g
14th B‡jKUªb P Dc¯Í‡i| P Dc¯Í‡ii Rb¨ l = 1
e¨vL¨v: ‡Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v evo‡j- * cigvYyi AvKvi ev‡o * cigvYyi e¨vmva© ev‡o
GLv‡b n = 3, l = 1, m = 0
* B‡jKUª‡bi kw³ ev‡o * B‡jKUª‡bi cÖwZ wbDwK¬qv‡mi AvKl©b K‡g|
1
NSTU As 14th electron = 3py  s = +
2
01. wb‡Pi †Kvb †Kvqv›Uvg ‡mUwU GKwU B‡jKUª‡bi Rb¨ m¤¢e bq?
[NSTU-C. 2019-20] 02. mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi †Kvb gv‡bi Rb¨ Pz¤^K †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb
1 1 wbf©i K‡i? [BUTex. 2015-16]
A. n = 2, ℓ = 2, m = 0, s = + B. n = 3, ℓ = 1, m = 1, s = –
2 2 A. 2l B. 2l + 1
1 1 C. 2l – 1 D. 2l - 2
C. n = 1, ℓ = 0, m = 0, s = – D. n = 2, ℓ = 0, m = 0, s = +
2 2 mwVK DËi: B. 2l+ 1
†`k e‡iY¨ wkÿK e„‡›ì †jKPvi n¨vÛ †bv‡Ui gZ K‡i mvRv‡bv I Abykxjb ce©....
 Avm‡c± †ewmK wmwiR [fvwm©wU I †gwW‡Kj]  Avm‡c± PP©v [Avm‡c± fvwm©wU PP©v, Avm‡c± †gwW PP©v I Avm‡c± BwÄwbqvwis PP©v]
02. Ca cigvYyi me©ewn¯ ¯Í‡ii 2wU B‡jKUª‡bi 4wU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi †mU
DU Technology
†KvbwU? [Xv.‡ev.2017]
01. Cu(29) cigvYyi me©ewn¯ K‡¶i B‡jKUª‡bi PviwU †Kvqv›Uvg gvb- 1 1 1 1
[DU-Projukti. 2019-20] A. n = 4, l = 0, m = 0, s = + ,  B. n = 3, l = 1, m = 0, s = + , 
2 2 2 2
1 1
A. n = 4, l = 0, m = 0, s = – B. n = 4, l = 0, m = 0, s = + 1 1 1 1
C. n = 4, l = 1, m = 0, s = + ,  D. n = 4, l = 2, m = 1, s = + , 
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
C. n = 4, l = 1, m = 1, s = + D. n = 4, l = 2, m = 2, s = + mwVK DËi: A. n = 4, l = 0, m = 0, s = + , 
2 2 2 2
1 03. Cu cigvYyi me©ewn¯ ¯Í‡ii B‡jKUª‡bi (4s1 Gi) 4wU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi
mwVK DËi: B. n = 4, l = 0, m = 0, s = +
2 gvb †KvbwU? [gv.‡ev.2017]
STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION A. n = 4, l = 1, m = 0, s = +
1
B. n = 4, l = 0, m = 0, s = +
1
2 2
MAT
1 1
01. wbDwK¬qv‡mi evwn‡i GKwU Aiwe‡U B‡jKUª‡bi msL¨v me©‡cÿv wb‡¤œi KqwU? C. n = 4, l = 0, m = 0, s =  D. n = 4, l = 1, m = 0, s = 
[MAT 2009-10] 2 2
A. 1n2 B. 2n2 C. 3n2 D. 4n2 mwVK DËi: B. n = 4, l = 0, m = 0, s = + 1
mwVK DËi: B. 2n2 2
e¨vL¨v: wbDwK¬qv‡mi evwn‡i GKwU Aiwe‡U B‡jKUª‡bi msL¨v me©v‡cÿv 2n2| 04. 3q kw³¯Í‡ii Rb¨ mvr Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? [Xv.‡ev.2016]
nh nh 3h 4h
Board Ques. A. B. C. D.
2 6 2 2
01. 28 Ni-Gi KZ¸‡jv B‡jKUª‡bi †ÿ‡Î (n + l) = 4 nq? [Xv.†ev. 2019]
3h
A. 3 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8 mwVK DËi: C.
mwVK DËi: D. 8 2
 CONCEPT 05 AiweU I AiweUvj m¤cwK©Z Z_¨vejx

A. AiweUv‡ji cÖv_wgK Z_¨ :
l Gi gvb Dc¯Í‡ii bvg bv‡gi Drm AvKvi/AvK…wZ †R‡b ivLv fv‡jv
0 s sharp ‡MvjK AvKvi (dzUe‡ji gZ) cÂg kw³i ¯Í‡i g AiweUv‡ji
1 p principal Wv‡¤^jvK…wZi Aw¯ÍZ¡ we`¨gvb
2 d diffused Wvej Wv‡¤^j
3 f fundamental AZ¨šÍ RwUj
wPÎ: Kÿc‡_ AiweUvj web¨vm 4s Ref: ¸n m¨vi
4p
2s 3s 4d
1s 2p 3p
4f
3d
wbDwK¬qvm
wbDwK¬qvm wbDwK¬qvm wbDwK¬qvm
4s, 4p, 4d I 4f AiweUvj
1s AiweUvj 3s, 3p I 3d AiweUvj
2s I 2p AiweUvj
B. Dc¯Í‡i AiweUv‡ji B‡jKUªb aviYÿgZv :
Dckw³¯Í‡ii bvg Dckw³¯Í‡ii (ℓ) me©vwaK AiweUvj msL¨v (2ℓ+1) me©vwaK B‡jKUªb msL¨v 2(2ℓ+1) B‡jKUªb Gi web¨vm
s 0 1 2 s2
p 1 3 6 p6
d 2 5 10 d10
f 3 7 14 f14
C. m¤¢e ev Am¤¢e m¤úwK©Z mgm¨v :
A_ev, g‡b ivL‡e, Kgc‡ÿ  s Gi mvg‡b 1  s
 p Gi mvg‡b 2
 p Am¤¢e
n=l ev n <l n‡j  d Gi mvg‡b 3
Ó
AiweUvjwU Am¤¢e n‡e  f Gi mvg‡b 4  d
Ó
_vK‡Z n‡e Z‡eB m¤¢e bZzev Am¤¢e|  f
myZivs 1s, 2p, 3d, 4f m¤¢e wKš‧ 1p, 2d, 3f Am¤¢e|

 wb‡¤œi AiweUvjmg~‡ni g‡a¨ †Kvb †KvbwU m¤¢e Ges Am¤¢e?
3p, 3d, 3f, 4p, 4f, 5f, 6s, 1p, 2s, 2p, 2d, 4g, 5h Ans.m¤¢e- 2s, 2p, 3p, 3d, 4p, 4f, 5f, 6s m¤¢e bq-1p, 2d, 3f , 5h, 4g
D. AiweUv‡ji web¨vmt
AiweUvj ‡h Aÿ eivei AiweUvj ‡h Aÿ eivei
dX2–Z2 x I z Aÿ dYZ y I z A‡ÿi gvS eivei
dXY x I Y A‡ÿi gvS eivei dZX z I x A‡ÿi gvS eivei
d Z2 z Aÿ eivei
d-AiweUv‡ji AvK…wZ: d- AiweUv‡ji 5 cÖKvi wÎ-gvwÎK web¨vm Av‡Qt dXY, dYZ, dZX, dX2–Y2, dZ2 Ref: ¸n m¨vi
z z z z z
y y y y y
x x x x x
dZX [l = 2, m = +1] dx2–y2 [l = 2, m = +2] dZ2 [l = 2, m = 0]

dXY [l = 2, m = –2] dYZ [l = 2, m = –1]
p-AiweUv‡ji 3 cÖKvi wÎ-gvwÎK web¨vm Av‡Qt px (m=0), py(m=+1), pz(m=1) Ref: nvRvix m¨vi
E. AiweU I AiweUv‡ji g‡a¨ cv_©K¨t

AiweU (Orbit) AiweUvj (Orbital)
1| wbDwK¬qv‡mi Pviw`‡K mywbw`©ó e„ËvKvi Kÿc_mg~n‡K 1| ÒAiweUvjÓ kãwUi Drm n‡”Q †Kvqv›Uvg ejwe`¨v| wbDwK¬qv‡mi Pviw`‡K wKQy ¯v‡b
AiweU ejv nq| B‡jKUªbmg~‡ni cÖvwßi m¤¢vebv Lye †ewk [90-95%] Zv‡K AiweUvj ejv nq|
2| B‡jKUª‡bi AiweUmg~n †MvjvK…wZi| 2| wewfbœ AiweUv‡ji AvK…wZ wewfbœ|
3| AiweU mg~n cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v n Gi mv‡_ 3| AiweUvjmg~n cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v n QvovI, mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v l, †P․¤^Kxq
m¤úwK©Z| †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v m Ges w¯úb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v s Øviv mywbw`©ófv‡e wPwýZ nq|
4| AiweUmg~n‡K K, L, M, N, O cÖf„wZ Øviv wPwýZ 4| AiweUvjmg~n‡K s, p, d, f, g, h cÖf„wZ Øviv wPwýZ Kiv nq|
Kiv nq|
5| cÖwZwU Aiwe‡U m‡e©v”P 2n2 msL¨K B‡jKUªb _vK‡Z 5| cÖwZwU AiweUv‡j m‡e©v”P `ywU wecixZgyLx w¯ú‡bi B‡jKUªb _vK‡Z cv‡i|
cv‡i|
6| †evi cigvYyi Aiwe‡U GKB mg‡q AveZ©bkxj 6| AiweUv‡j GKB mg‡q B‡jKUª‡bi mwVK Ae¯vb I fi‡eM wbY©q Kiv m¤¢e nq bv| GwU
B‡jKUª‡bi Ae¯vb I fi‡eM wbY©q m¤¢e e‡j nvB‡Rbev‡M©i AwbðqZv bxwZ mg_©b K‡i|
aviYv †`qv nq; hv nvB‡Rbev‡M©i bxwZ weiæ×|
 SAQ
Broad Ans Question
cÖkœ-1 : P- AiweUv‡ji AvK…wZ †Kgb? DËi: `yB †jve wewkó Wv‡¤^j AvK…wZi nq|
cÖkœ-2 : dYZ AiweUv‡ji we¯Í…wZ †Kv_vq? DËi: yz Z‡ji gv‡S A_ev y I z A‡ÿi gv‡S|
cÖkœ-3 : 3f AiweUvj m¤¢e bq †Kb? DËi: 3f Gi Rb¨ n = 3 myZivs l = 0, 1, 2 A_©vr 3q kw³¯Í‡i Dc¯Íi 3wU Ges Zv n‡jv 3s, 3p, 3d Dc¯Íi|
cÖkœ-4 : AiweU I AiweUv‡ji cv_©K¨ wjL| DËi: Concept -5 Gi E|
cÖkœ-5 : 3s-AiweUv‡j KZwU †bvW ev ce© _v‡K? DËi: 2wU|
cÖkœ-6 : wZbwU p AiweUvj KZ wWMÖx †Kv‡Y Ae¯vb K‡i? DËi: wZbwU p AiweUvj (px,py,pz) ci¯úi 90 †Kv‡Y Ae¯vb K‡i|
cÖkœ-7 : AiweU I AiweUvj Kv‡K e‡j? [h.‡ev. 2015; P.‡ev. 2017;wm.‡ev. 2016; Xv.‡ev. 2017; iv.‡ev. 2017; e.‡ev. 2019]
DËi:  cigvYyi Af¨šÍ‡i wbDwK¬qv‡mi Pvwicv‡k^© †h wÎgvwÎK AÂ‡j B‡jKUªb‡K cvIqvi me©vwaK m¤¢vebv A_©vr B‡jKUª‡bi NbZ¡ me‡P‡q †ewk (cÖvq 95%)
_v‡K H AÂj‡K AiweUvj e‡j|
 cigvYyi mKj myw¯Z Kÿc_¸‡jv‡K w¯i Kÿc_ ev kw³¯Íi ev AiweU e‡j|
cÖkœ-8 : 2d-AiweUvj m¤¢e bq †Kb? [Kz.‡ev.2017; e.‡ev.2016]
DËi : 2d AiweUv‡ji †ÿ‡Î cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v n = 2 Gi Rb¨ l = 0, 1; A_©vr cigvYyi 2q kw³¯Í‡i s I p Dc¯Íi we`¨gvb| d Dc¯Í‡ii Rb¨ l = 2 nIqv
cÖ‡qvRb| wKš‧ n = 2 n‡j l Gi gvb 2 n‡Z cv‡i bv| ZvB 2d AiweUvj Am¤¢e|

STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION 02. 2s AiweUvj †bvW _v‡K KqwU? [RU-G 2014-15]
A. 1wU B. 3wU C. 4wU D. 5wU
DU
mwVK DËi: A. 1wU
01. D‡ËwRZ Ae¯vq nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v n = 4, l = 1 wewkó
e¨vL¨v: AiweUv‡ji †h gaëZ©x ¯v‡b B‡jKUª‡bi NbZ¡ me©vwaK n«vm cvq Zv‡K
AiweUvjwU wK? [DU. 2019-20]
A. s orbital B. p orbital ce© ev †bvW e‡j| mvaviYZ ns AiweUv‡j (n-1) msL¨K †bvW _v‡K|
C. d 2z orbital D. d x 2  y 2 orbital myZivs 2s AiweUv‡j †bvW msL¨v = (2-1) = 1wU|
†bvW [†hLv‡b B‡jKUªb †gN †bB|]
mwVK DËi: B. p orbital
wbDwK¬qvm
e¨vL¨v: n = 4, l = 1 n‡j p orbital n‡e KviY p = 1 1s-AiweUvj
02. ‘f’ AiweUvj me©‡gvU KqwU B‡j±ªb aviY Ki‡Z cv‡i-
[DU. 2009-2010,RU.2007-08,MBSTU.2012-13] 2s-AiweUvj
A. 10 B. 8 C. 18 D. 14
mwVK DËi: D. 14 wPÎ: 1s I 2s AiweUvj
e¨vL¨v: m~Î-2(2l + 1) hv Dckw³ ¯Í‡i m‡e©v”P B‡j±ªb msL¨v wb‡`©k K‡i| Gevi
D`vniY jÿ¨ Ki- f AiweUv‡ji Rb¨, l = 3 KU
 2(23+1) = 14 wU B‡j±ªb hv f AiweUv‡ji B‡j±b msL¨v wb‡`©k K‡i| 01. †KvbwU n Zg kw³ ¯Í ‡ i †gvU AiweUv‡ji msL¨v cÖKvk K‡i? [KU. 2019-20]
03. wb‡gœi †Ìqv AiweUvjmg~‡ni g‡a¨ †KvbwU _vKv m¤¢e bq? [DU.2004-2005] n n
A. {1 + (2n  2)} B. {1 + (2n  1)}
A. 1s B. 2p C. 2d D. 4d. 2 2
mwVK DËi: C. 2d n n
C. {2 + (2n + 1)} D. {2 + (2n  1)}
2 2
e¨vL¨v: ‡Kbbv 2d Gi Rb¨, n = 2, 1 = 2
But n=l n‡Z cv‡ibv | ZvB 2d _vKv m¤¢e bq mwVK DËi: B. n {1 + (2n  1)}
2
JnU e¨vL¨v: n Zg kw³ ¯Í‡i †gvU AiweUv‡ji msL¨v = n2 ; Gevi Option B †K
01. cigvYyi wbDwK¬qv‡mi Pviw`‡Ki †h GjvKvi g‡a¨ B‡jKUª‡bi Dcw¯wZi
†U÷ K‡i †`wL, n {1 + (2n  1)} = 1 (n + 2n2  n) = 1  2n2 = n2
m¤¢vebv beŸB kZvsk †m GjvKvi bvg wK? [JnU.2008-2009] 2 2 2
A. AiweU B. B‡jKUªb K¬vDW C. AiweUvj D. Dc-‡kj
IU
mwVK DËi: C. AiweUvj
01. f AiweUv‡ji Aÿ eivei AvK…wZ- [IU. 2014-15]
e¨vL¨v: cigvYyi wbDwK¬qv‡mi Pviw`‡K †hLv‡b B‡jKUªb cÖvwßi m¤¢vebv me‡P‡q
A. fz3, fy3, fx3, fxyz, fx(z2-y2), fy(z2-x2), fz(x2-y2)
†ewk (90 - 95%) Zv‡K AiweUvj e‡j|
B. fz3, fy3, fx3, fxyz, fy(z2-x2), fx(z2-y2), fz(x2-y2)
JU
C. fx3, fy3, fz3, fxyz, fz(x2-y2), fy(z2-x2), fx(z2-y2)
01. Dckw³ ¯Íi d Gi Rb¨ m Gi gvb KqwU? [JU-6.2017-18]
A. 2wU B. 3wU C. 4wU D. 5wU D. fz3, fy3, fx3, fxyz, fz(x2-y2), fy(z2-x2), fx(z2-y2)
mwVK DËi: D. 5wU mwVK DËi: A. fz3, fy3, fx3, fxyz, fx(z2-y2), fy(z2-x2), fz(x2-y2)
e¨vL¨v: d-Dc¯Í‡ii Rb¨ l = 2,  m = 2l + 1= 2  2 + 1 = 5 e¨vL¨v: cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v n = 4 A_©vr N ‡kj †_‡K f Dc¯Íi ïiæ nq|
03. †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v n=2 Ges  =1 n‡j AiweUvjwU n‡”Q- [JU-6.2017-18] hLb l = 3, ZLb m = –3, –2, –1, 0, +1, +2, +3 hv mgkw³ m¤úbœ 7wU
A.1s B. 2s C. 2p D. 3d
AiweUvj‡K wb‡`©k K‡i| G¸‡jv n‡jv fz3, fy3, fx3, fxyz, fx(z2-y2), fy(z2-
mwVK DËi: C. 2p 2 2 2
x ), fz(x -y )|
e¨vL¨v: n = 2 n‡j 2q kw³¯Íi, l = 1 n‡j p Dckw³¯Íi |
02. s, p I d AiweUvj GK‡Î _v‡K- [IU 2013-14]
ZvB AiweUvj n‡e 2p |
A. 1g kw³¯Í‡i B. 2q kw³¯Í‡i
04. Dckw³ ¯Íi f Gi Rb¨  Gi gvb KZ? [JU-A9.2017-18]
C. 3q kw³¯Í‡i D. 4_© kw³¯Í‡i
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
mwVK DËi: B. 3 mwVK DËi: C. 3q kw³¯Í‡i
05. ‡Kvb AiweUvjwU m¤¢e bq? e¨vL¨v: s, p I d AiweUvj GK‡Î _v‡K 3q kw³¯Í‡i| KviY, 3q kw³¯Í‡ii
[JU.2009-2010, JnU.2009-2010,CU.2003-2004,BU.2015-16] †ÿ‡Î l = 0(s), 1(p), 2(d) nq|
A. 3f B. 4f C. 5f D. 6f
mwVK DËi: A. 3f STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION
RU SUST
01. cigvYyi †Kvb Dckw³ ¯Í‡i m‡e©v”P †h msL¨K B‡jKUªb _vK‡Z cv‡i- 01. ‡ebwRb AYyi mÂiYkxj B‡jKUªbmg~n †Kvb AiweUvj †_‡K Av‡m?
[RU-C3.2017-18, 2010-11] [SUST-A.2016-17]
A. 2(2l-1) B. 2l+1 C. 2n 2
D. 2(2l+1) A. 1s B. 2s C. 2p D. 3s E. 4s
mwVK DËi: D. 2(2l+1) mwVK DËi: C. 2p
e¨vL¨v: ‡R‡b ivL: cÖavb kw³ ¯Í‡i m‡e©v”P B‡jKUªb aviY ÿgZv= 2n2 e¨vL¨v: 2p AiweUvj cvB () eÜb MVb K‡i Ges D³ B‡j±ªb¸‡jv mÂviYkxj nq|
MBSTU HSTU
01. ‡Kvb AiweUv‡j B‡j±ª‡bi NbZ¡ me©vwaK? [MBSTU-B1.2017-18] 01. AwaK ¯vwq‡Z¡i Rb¨ †Kvb AiweUvj n‡Z B‡jKUªb ¯vbvšÍwiZ nq?
A. 2p B. 1s [HSTU-D.2017-18]
C. 2s D. 3s A. s B. p C. d D. f
mwVK DËi: B. 1s mwVK DËi: A. s
e¨vL¨v: me©vwaK B‡jKUªb Nb‡Z¡i AiweUvj: AiweUvj¸‡jvi g‡a¨ 1s Gi AvKvi e¨vL¨v: AwaK ¯vwq‡Z¡i Rb¨ B‡jKUªb s AiweUvj †_‡K d AiweUv‡j ¯vbvšÍwiZ nq|
me‡P‡q †QvU| KviY cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v n Gi gvb AvKvi cÖKvk K‡i Cr(24) = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1
Ges n = 1 n‡j AvKvi me‡P‡q †QvU †evSvq| ZvB 1s G `yBwU B‡jKUªb GLv‡b Cr Gi B‡jKUªb web¨v‡m d AiweUv‡ji AwaK ¯vwq‡Z¡i Rb¨ 4s2 †_‡K
_vK‡j Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e 1s Gi B‡jKUªb NbZ¡ me©vwaK nq| GKwU B‡jKUªb 3d4 G Av‡m| ZLb Cr Gi †kl kw³¯Í‡ii B‡jKUªb web¨vm
02. GK †mU AiweUv‡ji Rb¨ †Kvqv›Uvg bv¤^vi l = 2 n‡j Zv- [MBSTU-C2.17-18] nq 3d5 4s1|
A. wW‡Rbv‡iU bq B. 3wU wW‡Rbv‡iU 02. cvigvYweK msL¨v 11 Ges fimsL¨v 23 wewkó †Kvb †g․‡ji AiweUvj
C. 5wU wW‡Rbv‡iU D. 7wU wW‡Rbv‡iU msL¨v KZ? [HSTU-A.2016-17; IU.2002-03]
mwVK DËi: C. 5wU wW‡Rbv‡iU A. 3wU B. 4wU C.5wU D. 6wU

e¨vL¨v: l = 2 n‡j Zv d-AiweUvj‡K wb‡`©k K‡i| Avi d-AiweUv‡j 5wU mgkw³ mwVK DËi: D. 6wU
m¤úbœ Dc¯Íi _v‡K| GB Dc¯Íi¸‡jv evwn¨K Pz¤^K ev •e`y¨wZK †ÿ‡Îi e¨vL¨v: 1s2 2s2 2px2 2py2 2pz2 3s1 = 6 Orbital [3wU s & 3wU p]
Abycw¯wZ‡Z mgkw³i AiweUv‡j web¨¯Í nIqv‡K wW‡Rbv‡iU Ae¯v e‡j| STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION
03. ‡KvbwU AiweUvj cÖKvk K‡i? [MBSTU-C2.2017-18]
BUTex
A. 2 B. E
01. ‡Kvb avZzi 4f A_ev 5f AvswkKfv‡e c~Y© bq? [BUTex-2016-17]
C.  D. h2
A. Cm B. Cu C, Am D. Gd
mwVK DËi: A. 2
mwVK DËi: B. Cu
BSMRSTU e¨vL¨v: Cm (96)  [Rn ] 5f7 6d17s2 , Am (95)[Rn] 5f77s2
01. 2P AiweUv‡ji n, l Ges m Gi gvb h_vµ‡g KZ? [BSMRSTU-A.2019-20] Cu (29)  [Ar]3d10 4s1 , Gd(64)  [Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
A. 2, 1, 0 B. 2, 1, (1, 0, 1)
C. 2, 2, (2, 1, 0, 1, 2) D. 1, 1, 0 STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION
mwVK DËi: B. 2, 1, (1, 0, 1) DAT
e¨vL¨v: n = 2, l = 1, m = (+1, 0, 1) 01. wb‡Pi †Kvb Dckw³ ¯Í‡ii AiweUvj msL¨vwU fzj? [DAT.2008-09]
02. 3d AiweUv‡ji Rb¨ (n + 1) = ? [BSMRSTU-A. 2019-20] A. f Dckw³¯Í‡i 6wU B. s Dckw³¯Í‡i 1wU
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 0 C. p Dckw³¯Í‡i 3wU D. d Dckw³¯Í‡i 5wU
mwVK DËi: C. 5 mwVK DËi: A.f Dckw³¯Í‡i 6wU
e¨vL¨v: 3d Gi n = 3, d = 2, (n + l) = 5 e¨vL¨v: f Dckw³¯Í‡i 7wU AiweUvj _v‡K|
 CONCEPT 06 B‡jKUªb web¨vm I K‡qKwU bxwZ

 Item-01: B‡jKUªb web¨vm Gi wbqgvejx :
 cwji eR©b bxwZ : GKwU cigvYy‡Z †h‡Kvb `yB B‡j±ªb wewkó †Kvb cigvYyi PviwU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb KLbB mgvb n‡Z cv‡i bv|
g~jK_vt 1) GKwU AiweUv‡j m‡ev©”P `y‡Uv Ges me©wbgœ k~b¨ B‡j±ªb _vK‡Z cv‡i| 2) B‡j±ª‡bi N~Y©b me mgq wecixZ gyLx n‡e|
e¨vL¨v : cvDwji eR©b wbqgwUi mZ¨Zv wnwjqvg (He) cigvYyi B‡jKUªb web¨vm †_‡K Rvbv hvq| †hgb, wnwjqvg (He) cigvYy‡Z 2wU B‡jKUªb _v‡K| G `ywU
B‡jKUª‡bi 4wU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v g‡a¨ cÖ_g 3wUi gvb mgvb n‡jI PZz_© †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v A_©vr w¯úb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb wfbœ n‡q _v‡K| †hgb-
1 1
1g B‡jKUªb e1 Gi Rb¨ n = 1, l = 0, m = 0, s = + 2 ; 2q B‡jKUªb e2 Gi Rb¨ n = 1, l = 0, m = 0, s = – 2
g¨vwRK wUªKm : *124# evsjvwjs‡K e¨v‡jÝ Check

1 2 4
  
GKwU cigvYyi `ywU B‡jKUª‡bi PviwU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb mgvb n‡e bv
 û‡Ûi bxwZ : GKB kw³m¤úbœ wewfbœ AiweUv‡j B‡jKUªb¸‡jv Ggbfv‡e Ae¯vb Ki‡e †hb Zviv me©vwaK msL¨vq AhyM¥ ev we‡Rvo Ae¯vq _vK‡Z cv‡i|
GB me AhyM¥ B‡jKUª‡bi w¯úb GKBgyLx n‡e| GKB kw³m¤úbœ wewfbœ AiweUvjÕ ej‡Z wZbwU p AiweUvj, cuvPwU d AiweUvj I mvZwU f AiweUvj‡K
†evSv‡bv nq| s AiweUvj I msKwiZ AiweUv‡ji Rb¨ û‡Ûi wbqg cÖ‡hvR¨ bq|
B. B‡jKUªb web¨vm ‡_‡K MÖæc wbY©qt
01. (i) ‡kl Kÿc‡_ s AiweUvj _vK‡j MÖæc = s AiweUv‡ji B‡jKUªb msL¨v ‡hgbt 11Na = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Gr: I
(ii) ‡kl Kÿc‡_ s I p AiweUvj _vK‡j MÖæc = s+p AiweUv‡j B‡jKUªb msL¨v ‡hgbt 17Cl = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5 Gr: VII
wKš‧ s+p = 8 n‡j 0 MÖæc nq| ‡hgbt 10Ne = 1s2 2s2 2p6 Gr: 0
(iii) ‡kl Kÿc‡_ d I s AiweUvj _vK‡j MÖæc = d+s AiweUv‡ji B‡jKUªb msL¨v ‡hgbt 21Sc = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d1 4s2 Gr: III
wKš‧ d+s = 8, 9, 10 wU B‡jKUªb _vK‡j Zviv cÖ‡Z¨‡KB MÖæc VIII Gi m`m¨|
27Co = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d7 4s2 Gr: VIII
Avevi, d+s = 10 Gi †ekx n‡j ïay s AiweUv‡ji wnmve Ki‡Z n‡e| d I f AiweUvj c~Y© _vK‡j A_©vr d10/f14 _vK‡j Zv‡ì‡K ev` w`‡q wnmve Ki‡Z nq|
29Cu = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s1 Gr: I
02. DcMÖæc wbY©qt
(i) d bv _vK‡j A_ev me©‡kl B‡jKUªb d †Z †M‡j DcMÖæc A n‡e| ‡hgbt 17Cl = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5 Gr: VIIA
31Ga = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p1 Gr: IIIA
2 2 6 2 6 1 2
(ii) Ac~Y© d _vK‡jB DcMÖæc B n‡e| 21Sc = 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s Gr: IIIB
C. B‡jKUªb web¨vm ‡_‡K ch©vq wbY©qt m‡e©v”P †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v ch©vq wb‡`©k K‡i|
‡hgbt 11Na = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Period: 3rd
 AvDdevD bxwZ : cigvYy‡Z B‡jKUªbmg~n wewfbœ AiweUv‡j Zv‡ì kw³i D”Pµg Abymv‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i| A_©vr B‡jKUªbmg~n cÖ_‡g wb¤œkw³i AiweUvj c~Y©
K‡i Gi c‡i µgvš^‡q D”Pkw³i AiweUv‡j ¯vb MÖnY K‡i cigvYyi B‡jKUªb web¨vm m¤úbœ K‡i| ÔAvDdevDÕ n‡jv Rvg©vb kã; Gi A_©- `building up`|
1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p< 6s<4f<5d<6p<7s
 (n + ℓ) Gi wbqg-AvDdevD bxwZ Abymv‡i, B‡jKUªbmg~n Av‡M wbgœkw³¯Í‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡e|
 (n + ℓ) Gi gvb Kg gv‡b kw³ Kg Avi †ewk gv‡b kw³ †ewk| KgUv‡Z Av‡M e– cÖ‡ek Ki‡e|
5s > 4d 5s: n + ℓ = 5 + 0 = 5 4d: 4 + 2 = 6
 (n + ℓ) Gi gvb mgvb n‡j hvi n Gi gvb Kg Zv‡Z e– Av‡M hv‡e| †hgb-
 4d > 5p > 6s 4d: n + ℓ = 4 + 2 = 6 5p: n + ℓ = 5 + 1 = 6 6s: n + ℓ = 6 + 0 = 6
 AvDdevD bxwZ Agvb¨Kvix †g․jmg~‡ni B‡j±ªb web¨vmt
†g․j B‡j±ªb web¨vm †g․j B‡j±ªb web¨vm †g․j B‡j±ªb web¨vm †g․j B‡j±ªb web¨vm †g․j B‡j±ªb web¨vm
Cr(24) [Ar]3d54s1 Cu(29) [Ar]3d104s1 Ag(47) [Kr]4d105s1 Pt(78) [Xe]4f145d96s1 Au(79) [Xe]4f145d106s1
 Item –02: d-eøK †g․‡ji B‡jKUªb web¨vm m¤cwK©Z Z_¨vejx:
B‡jKUªb web¨v‡mi gRvi wbqg
 d-eøK †g․‡ji B‡jKUªb web¨v‡m `yB AsK wewkó cvigvYweK msL¨vi cÖ_g AsKwU s AiweUv‡j B‡jKUªb msL¨v Ges wØZxq AsKwU
d AiweUv‡j B‡jKUªb msL¨v wb‡`©k K‡i| ‡hgbt Sc(21) ej‡Z cÖ_g AsKwU 2 hv s AiweUv‡j B‡jKUªb msL¨v Ges wØZxq AsKwU 1 hv
d AiweUv‡ji B‡jKUªb msL¨v wb‡`©k K‡i| e¨wZµg cvigvYweK msL¨v `ywU 24 I 29 h_vµ‡g †µvwgqvg I Kcvi|
 we‡Rvo B‡jKUªb msL¨v wbY©‡qi †K․kj t Dc‡iv³ wbqgvbymv‡i me‡P‡q †ekx we‡Rvo B‡jKUªb _v‡K †µvwgqv‡g (5+1=6)|
 MÖæc wbY©q t `yB AsK wewkó cvigvYweK msL¨vi AsK `ywU †hvM Ki‡jB MÖæc cvIqv hvq| †hgbt Sc (21) =2+1=3(III) Gi †g․j| Z‡e `ywU AsK
‡hvM K‡i hw` 8, 9, 10 nq Z‡e Zviv cÖ‡Z¨‡KB MÖæc VIII Gi m`m¨ nq| †hgb t Co(27) = 2 + 7 = 9 n‡j Bnv MÖæc VIII Gi m`m¨ nq|
 GK bR‡i d-eøK †g․‡ji B‡jKUªb web¨vm :
‡g․j cvigvYweK msL¨v B‡jKUªb-1g AsK (4s) B‡jKUªb-2q AsK (3d) AsK `ywUi †hvMdj MÖæc
Sc 21 4s2 3d1 2+1=3 III
Ti 22 4s2 3d2 2+2=4 IV
V 23 4s2 3d3 2+3=5 V
Cr 24 4s1  3d5 2+4=6 VI
Mn 25 4s2 3d5 2+5=7 VII
Fe 26 4s2 3d6 2+6=8 VIII
Co 27 4s2 3d7 2+7=9 VIII
Ni 28 4s2 3d8 2+8=10 VIII
Cu 29 4s1 3d10 2+9=11 I
Zn 30 4s2 3d10 2+10=12 II
wet `ªt  Øviv e¨wZµgagx© web¨vm †K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q


SAQ
Broad Ans Question
cÖkœ-1 : û‡Ûi wbqg (Hund’s rule) wjL| û‡Ûi wbqg cÖ‡qvM K‡i N, H, Fe cigvYy¸‡jvi B‡jKUªb web¨vm †`LvI| [JnU.2018-19]
1s
H(1)
 ↿
1s 2s 2p
N(7)  ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿ ↿ ↿
Fe(26)  1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s
↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿⇂
cÖkœ-2 : B‡jKUªb web¨vm †`LvI: Cr, Fe, Cu
DËi : Cr (24) = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1 ;Fe (26) = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d6 4s2 ;
Cu (29) = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s1
cÖkœ-3 : cvDwji wbqg wjL| He-Gi †ÿ‡Î cvDwji bxwZ cÖ‡qvM Ki|
DËi : GKwU cigvYy‡Z `yBwU B‡jKUª‡bi PviwU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb GKBiƒc n‡Z cv‡i bv AšÍZ GKwU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb wfbœ n‡eB|
‡Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v n l m s
–
2 1g e Gi Rb¨ 1 0 0
+
1
He (2) 1s 2
2q e– Gi Rb¨ 1 0 0
–
1
2
cÖkœ-4 : B‡jKUªb web¨v‡mi cÖ‡qvM wjL|
DËi : (i) †g․‡ji †hvR¨Zv wbY©q Kiv hvq| (ii) ch©vq mviwY‡Z †g․‡ji Ae¯vb wbY©q Kiv hvq| (iii) †g․‡ji mwµqZv wbY©q Kiv hvq|
cÖkœ-5 : AvDdevD k‡ãi A_© Kx?
DËi : AvDdevD Rvg©vb kã| kãwUi A_© Dci w`‡K •Zix Kiv ev building up.
cÖkœ-6 : †Kvb AiweUv‡ji †ÿ‡Î û‡Ûi m~Î cÖ‡hvR¨ bq?
DËi : s AiweUvj I msKwiZ AiweUv‡ji †ÿ‡Î û‡Ûi m~Î cÖ‡hvR¨ bq|
cÖkœ-7 : AvDdevD bxwZ Kx? [iv.‡ev. 2017; e.‡ev. 2019]
DËi : cigvYyi B‡jKUªb web¨v‡mi mgq me©cÖ_g me©wbgœ kw³ ¯Íi c~Y© K‡i| Zvici cieZ©x ¯Íi Gfv‡e µgvMZ Dc‡ii w`‡K c~Y© Ki‡Z n‡e|
cÖkœ-8 : cvDwji eR©b bxwZ Kx? [P.‡ev. 2019; iv.‡ev. 2015, 2017; h.‡ev. 2017; e.‡ev. 2017; Awfbœ cÖkœ 2018]
DËi : GKB cigvYy‡Z `yÕwU B‡jKUª‡bi Rb¨ PviwU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb GKiƒc n‡Z cv‡i bv|
cÖkœ-9 : û‡Ûi wbqg Kx? [w`.‡ev. 2017; iv.‡ev. 2019; h.‡ev. 2019]
DËi : †P․¤^K †ÿ‡Îi cÖfv‡e GKB kw³ m¤úbœ wewfbœ AiweUv‡j B‡jKUªb¸‡jv Ggbfv‡e Ae¯vb Ki‡e †hb Zviv me©vwaK cwigv‡Y AhyM¥ Ae¯vq _vK‡Z cv‡i|
GB AhyM¥ B‡jKUªb¸‡jvi w¯úb GKBgyLx n‡e|

STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION 03. 26 AvYweK msL¨vwewkó GKwU †g․‡ji M-†k‡j B‡jKUª‡bi msL¨v-
[DU-Ka.2016-17]
DU A. 12 B. 18 C. 14 D. 16
01. wb‡Pi †Kvb web¨vmwU cvDwji eR©b bxwZ I ûÛ bxwZ mg_©b K‡i? mwVK DËi: C. 14
[DU-Ka.2017-18]
A. B. 1s 2 2s 2 2p6 3s 2 3p6 3d 6 4s 2
e¨vL¨v: Fe(26) 
C. D. K(2) L(8) M(14 ) N(2)
mwVK DËi: D. 26 AvYweK msL¨v wewkó †g․‡ji M-†k‡j A_©vr Z…Zxq kw³¯Í‡i †gvU 14wU
e¨vL¨v: cvDwji eR©b bxwZt `yB B‡j±ªb wewkó †Kvb cigvYyi PviwU †Kvqv›Uvg B‡jKUªb _v‡K| †hgb- 2(K), 8(L), 14(M),N(2)
msL¨vi gvb KLbB mgvb n‡Z cv‡i bv| 04. wb‡Pi †Kvb AiweUv‡j B‡jKUªb Av‡M cÖ‡ek K‡i? [DU.2013-2014]
g~jK_vt 1) GKwU AiweUv‡j m‡ev©”P `y‡Uv Ges me©wbgœ k~b¨ B‡j±ªb _vK‡Z cv‡i| A. 4f B. 5d C. 6p D. 7s
2) B‡j±ª‡bi N~Y©‡bi w`K me mgq wecixZ gyLx n‡e| mwVK DËi: A. 4f
02. Co Ges Co2+ Gi Rb¨ wb‡Pi †Kvb †hvR¨Zv B‡jKUªb web¨vmwU mwVK?
[DU-Ka.2017-18]
e¨vL¨v: G‡ÿ‡Î †h AiweUv‡ji (n+l) Gi gvb Kg †mwU‡Z B‡j±ªb Av‡M cÖ‡ek
7 2 7
A. 4d 5s and 4d 5s 5 1
B. 3d 4s and 3d 4s 5
Ki‡e| Avi hw` (n+l) Gi gvb me¸‡jv mgvb nq †m‡ÿ‡Î hvi n Gi gvb
C. 3d73s2 and 3d73s D. 3d74s2 and 3d74s Kg †mwU‡ZB B‡j±ªb Av‡M cÖ‡ek Ki‡e| B‡j±ªb ¸‡jv wbgœ †_‡K ch©vq
mwVK DËi: D. 3d74s2 and 3d74s µ‡g D”P kw³¯Í‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i|
e¨vL¨v: Co(27)=[Ar]3d74s2, Co2+=[Ar]3d74s 1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p< 6s<4f<5d<6p<7s
05. wb‡gœi ‡Kvb †mUwUi me †g․j¸wji B‡jKUªb web¨v‡m †e‡Rvo B‡jKUªb Av‡Q? 04. Ru(44) †g․‡ji ewnt¯Í‡ii B‡jKUªb web¨vm †KvbwU? [JU-D, Set-Q. 19-20]
[DU.2011-2012] A. 4d65s2 B. 4d75s1 C. 4d55s2 D. 4d65s1
7 1
A. Ca, Sr, Ba B. Na, Si, S C. Ca, P, Xe D. Zn, Mg, N mwVK DËi: B. 4d 5s
mwVK DËi: B. Na, Si, S 05. †KvbwU Cr(24) †g․‡ji ewnt¯Í‡ii B‡jKUªb web¨vm? [JU-D: 2019-20]
e¨vL¨v: Na(11)1s22s22p6 3s1 A. 4d55s1 B. 4d45s2 C. 3d44s2 D. 3d54s1
Si(14)1s22s22p63s2 3px13py1 3pz0 mwVK DËi: D. 3d54s1
S(16)1s22s22p63s23px2 3py13pz1 06. 1s22s22p63s23p63d74s2 - B‡jKUªb web¨vmwU †Kvb †g․‡ji?
[JU-D .2017-18; MAT.2016-17]
06. wb‡Pi †Ìqv †Kvb B‡jKUªb web¨vmwU mwVK bq? [DU.2003-2004]
7
2 2 6 2 6 2 6 A. Co B. Mn C. Cu D. Ag
A. Ar (18) =1s 2s 2p 3s 3p B. Fe (26) = [Ar]4s 4p mwVK DËi: A. Co
C. K (19) = (Ar) 4s1 D. Cu (29) = (Ar) 3d104s1
2 6 e¨vL¨v: 1s22s22p63s23p63d74s2=2+2+6+2+6+7+2=27 [Co (27)]
mwVK DËi: B. Fe (26) = [Ar]4s 4p
07. 6C cigvYy‡Z AhyM¥ B‡jKUªb msL¨v- [JU-A4.2017-18]
e¨vL¨v: Avgiv Rvwb, Avqib GKwU Ae¯všÍi †g․j| Ae¯všÍi †g․‡ji mvaviY
A. 2wU B. 4wU C. 6wU D. ‡KvbwUB bq
B‡jKUªb web¨vm n‡”Q (n – 1) d1-9 ns1-2 d‡j ¯úóB eySv hv‡”Q †h Avqi‡b mwVK DËi: A. 2wU
d AiweUvj _vK‡e| e¨vL¨v: 6C =1s2 2s2 2Px1 2Py1 2Pz0 (mvaviY Ae¯vq)
2 2 6 2 6 6 2
Fe(26) Gi mwVK B‡jKUªb web¨vm = 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s 2 1 1 1 1
6C =1s 2s 2Px 2Py 2Pz (D‡ËwRZ Ae¯vq)
07. wb‡gœv³ d eøK †g․jmg~‡ni †KvbwU‡Z 4s AiweUv‡j 1 wU B‡j±ªb i‡q‡Q? 3-
08. 7N Avq‡b AhyM¥ B‡jKUªb msL¨v - [JU-A13.2017-18]
[DU.2006-2007] A. 2wU B. 3wU C. 5wU D. ‡KvbwUB bq
A. Mn(25) B. Fe(26) C. Ni(28) D.Cu(29)
mwVK DËi: D. ‡KvbwUB bq
mwVK DËi: D. Cu(29)
e¨vL¨v: N3- = 1s22s22p6 = 1s22s22px2 2py22pz2 [7N3- = 7+3 = 10e–]
e¨vL¨v: 3d-eøK †g․‡ji e¨wZµg B‡jKUªb web¨vm:
09. ‡Kvb B‡jKUªb web¨vmwU mwVK? [JU-D5.2017-18]
Cr (24) - [Ar] 4s1 3d5; Cu (29) - [Ar] 4s1 3d10 A. Fe3+ = ls22s22p63s23p63d44s1 B. Cu2+ = ls22s22p63s23p63d10
JnU C. Zn2+ = ls22s22p63s23p63d84s2 D. Mn2+ = ls22s22p63s23p63d5
mwVK DËi: D. Mn2+ = ls22s22p63s23p63d5
01. Chromium(Cr)Gi B‡jKUªwbK KbwdMv‡ikb n‡jv-
[JnU-A. 2017-18; JU-D: 2019-20, 2014-15; JU.2009-2010,CU.2007-08]
e¨vL¨v: Mn `ywU B‡jKUªb Z¨vM Kivq cÖK…Z B‡jKUªb msL¨v nq 23.
5 1
A.[Ar]3d 4s 2 4
B. [Ar]4s d 5 1
C. [Kr]4d 5s D. [Kr]4d 5s 4 2 Mn2+ =ls22s22p63s23p63d5
mwVK DËi: A.[Ar]3d54s1 10. 24Cr3+ Avq‡b AhyM¥ B‡jKUªb msL¨v-
[JU-A1.2017-18]
e¨vL¨v: K‡qKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †g․‡ji ewnt¯Í‡ii B‡jKUªb web¨vm: A. 5wU B. 3wU C. 6wU D. ‡KvbwUB bq
Cr (24)  3d54s1 Mo (42)  4d55s1 mwVK DËi: B. 3wU
Cu (29)  3d104s1 Pd (46)  4d105s0 e¨vL¨v: Cr3+ = [Ar]3d3 4s0, Ar 3d1xy 3d1yz 3d1zx 3d 0x 2  y2 3d 0z2
Zn (30)  3d104s2 Fe(26)  3d64s2 3+
11. 26FeAvq‡b AhyM¥ B‡jKUªb msL¨v- [JU-A2.2017-18]
La (57)  5d16s2 Au (79)  5d106s1
A. 5wU B. 6wU C. 8wU D. ‡KvbwUB bq
Ag (47)  4d105s1 Pt (78)  5d96s1
mwVK DËi: A. 5wU
02. GKwU †g․‡ji †hvR¨Zv wbf©i K‡i: [JnU.2009-2010]
1
A. B‡jKUªb web¨v‡mi Dci B. ewn¯t¯Í‡ii B‡jKUªb web¨v‡mi Dci e¨vL¨v: Fe3+=[Ar]3d5 = [Ar] 3d 1xy 3d 1yz 3d 1zx 3d x 2  y 2 3d 1z 2
C. †cÖvU‡bi msL¨vi Dci D. ewn¯t¯Í‡ii wbDwK¬qvi Pv‡R©i Dci
12. ‡Kvb bxwZ Abyhvqx B‡j±«b 3d AiweUv‡ji Av‡M 4s -G cÖ‡ek K‡i?
mwVK DËi: B. ewn¯t¯Í‡ii B‡jKUªb web¨v‡mi Dci [JU-D. 2016-17]
JU A. û‡Ûi bxwZ B. AvDdevD
C. cvDwji eR©b D. mvB‡Rd bxwZ
01. †Kvb cigvYy¸‡jvi me©ewnt¯ kw³¯Í‡i GKB msL¨K B‡jKUªb we`¨gvb?
[JU-A, Set-D. 2019-20]
mwVK DËi: B . AvDdevD
A. He, C B. K, Na C. C, Mg D. O, N 13. wRs‡Ki ewnt¯Í‡ii cÖK…Z B‡jKUªb web¨vm- [JU 2014-15,RU.2007-08]
8 2 10 2 5 3
mwVK DËi: B. K, Na A. 3d 4s B. 3d 4s C. 3d 4s D. 3d54s4
10 2
02. †Kvb cigvYy¸‡jvi me©ewnt¯ kw³¯Í‡i GKB msL¨K B‡jKUªb we`¨gvb? mwVK DËi: B. 3d 4s
10 2
[JU-A.2019-20] e¨vL¨v: wRs‡Ki ewnt¯Í‡ii cÖK…Z B‡jKUªb web¨vm n‡jv- 3d 4s |
A. C, Mg B. H, Si C. He, Be D. O, N 14. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU f-eøK †g․j? - [JU. 2010-2011]
mwVK DËi: C. He, Be A. C B. Cl C. Cd D. Gd
e¨vL¨v: He Ges Be Gi cigvYyi me©ewn¯ ¯Í‡i 2wU B‡jKUªb we`¨gvb| mwVK DËi: D. Gd
He (2) 1s2, Be(4)  1s2 2s2 e¨vL¨v: ‡g․‡ji bvg ms‡KZ eø‡Ki bvg
03. B‡jKUªb wb¤œ kw³i AiweUvj †_‡K µgvš^‡q D”P kw³i AiweUv‡j Ae¯vb Kve©b C (6) P- eøK
MÖnY K‡i †Kvb bxwZ Abyhvqx? [JU-D, Set-Q. 2019-20] ‡K¬vwib Cl (17) p- eøK
A. ûÛ B. AvDdevD C. cwji eR©b D. N~Y©b K¨vWwgqvg Cd (48) d- eøK
mwVK DËi: B. AvDdevD M¨v‡Wvwjwbqvg Gd (64) f- eøK
15. Dc-¯Íi¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †KvbwU D”P kw³ ¯Í‡ii? ASPECT SERIES 
[JU-6.2017-18] 10. cøvwUbv‡gi m‡e©v”P kw³¯Íi d AiweUv‡j B‡jKUª‡bi msL¨v- [RU.2007-2008]
A. 3d B. 4d C. 5s D. 4s A. 5wU B. 7wU C. 4wU D. 9wU
mwVK DËi: B. 4d mwVK DËi: D. 9wU
e¨vL¨v: ‡h AiweUv‡ji (n + l) Gi gvb eo †mB AiweUv‡ji kw³ †ewk| e¨vL¨v: Pt (78) = [Xe] 4f145d96s1
n + l Gi gvb mgvb n‡j hvi n Gi gvb eo Zvi kw³ †ewk| 11. 1s22s22p63s23p4 B‡jKUªb web¨vmwU †Kvb †g․‡ji? [RU.2006-2007]
4s<3d<5s<4d A. Kve©b B. bvB‡Uªv‡Rb C. ‡K¬vwib D. mvjdvi
mwVK DËi: D. mvjdvi
RU
e¨vL¨v: 1s22s22p63s23p4 = 2+2+6+2+4 = 16 hv mvjdv‡ii cvigvYweK
01. wfwË Ae¯vq †h cigvYy/Avq‡bi B‡jKUªb web¨v‡m me©vwaK AhyM¥ B‡jKUªb
msL¨v wb‡`©k K‡i|
_v‡K- [RU. 2019-20]
12. wb‡Pi †Kvb AiweUv‡j B‡jKUªb Av‡M cÖ‡ek K‡i?
A. Mn2+ B. Co C. Cr2+ D. Fe [RU-Science-2,Set-3: 2018-19]
2+
mwVK DËi: A. Mn A. 4f B. 6p C. 5d D. 7s
02. 1s22s 22p63s 23p1 GB B‡j±ªb web¨vm n‡jv- [RU-G1.2017-18] mwVK DËi: A. 4f
A. Be B. Ar C. Al D. Fe Gi e¨vL¨v: wb¤œ kw³ m¤úbœ AiweUv‡j e- Av‡M cÖ‡ek K‡i| AiweUv‡ji kw³µgt
mwVK DËi: C. Al 1s<2s<2p<3s<3p< 4s< 3d< 4p< 5s< 4d< 5p< 6s< 4f< 5d< 6p<7s
e¨vL¨v: Be = 1s22s2; Ar=1s22s22p63s23p6 13. GKB cigvYy‡Z `ywU B‡jKUª‡bi m‡e©v”P KqwU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb GKB
Al=1s22s22p63s23p1; Fe=[Ar]3d64s2 n‡Z cv‡i? [RU.2008-09, 2007-08]
03. cUvwmqvg K(19) cigvYyi B‡jKUªb web¨v‡m †Kvb bxwZ Abymv‡i 3d A. 1 B. 2 C.3 D. 4
AiweUv‡ji cwie‡Z© 4s AiweUv‡j 19 Zg BjKUªbwU Ae¯vb K‡i? mwVK DËi: C.3
[RU. 2012-2013,2008-09,CU.2004-05]
A. cwji eR©b bxwZ B. AvDdevD bxwZ CU
C.û‡Ûi bxwZ D. †KvbwUB bq 01. 1s22s2p63s23p63d54s2-GB B‡jKUªb web¨vmwU †Kvb †g․‡ji? [CU. 19-20]
A. Cr B. Co C. Fe D. Mn
mwVK DËi: B. AvDdevD bxwZ
mwVK DËi: D. Mn
e¨vL¨v: K Gi B‡jKUªb web¨vm K(19)= 1s22s22p63s23p64s1 myZivs 19 Zg e¨vL¨v: Mn(25) Gi web¨vm 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s2
B‡jKUªbwU 4s Dc¯Í‡i _v‡K| 02. ch©vq mviYx‡Z As Gi Ae¯vb...... [CU-F1.2016-17,RU.2007-08]
04. Nb(41) Gi Aby‡gvw`Z B‡jKUªb web¨vm †KvbwU? [RU. 2010-2011]
A. MÖæc VA, ch©vq 3 B. MÖæc VB, ch©vq 3
A. [Kr]4d35s-2 B. [Kr]4d55s0 C. [Kr]4d45s1 D. [Kr]5s25p3 C. MÖæc VA, ch©vq 4 D. MÖæc VI, ch©vq 3 E. MÖæc VI, ch©vq 4
mwVK DËi: C. [Kr]4d45s1 mwVK DËi: C. MÖæc VA, ch©vq 4
e¨vL¨v: MÖæc-6 Ges MÖæc-11 Gi mKj †g․j e¨wZµgag©x B‡jKUªb web¨vm †`Lvq|
e¨vL¨v: As (33)  1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p3
05. 24Cr cigvYy‡Z AhyM¥ B‡jKUªb msL¨v- [RU.2009-10,JU-A3.2017-18]
MÖæc S + P Gi B‡jKUªb 2 + 3 = 5 Ges me©‡kl Kÿc_wU ch©vq 4 G|
A. 5wU B. 4wU C. 6wU D. ‡KvbwUB bq 03. ÔGKB kw³m¤úbœ wewfbœ AiweUv‡j B‡j±ªb¸wj me©vwaK msL¨vq we‡Rvo
mwVK DËi: C. 6wU Ae¯vq _vK‡e|Õ- GwU n‡”Q- [CU-A. 2019-20; CU-G. 2016-17]
1 1 1 1 1 1 A. cwji eR©b bxwZ B. û‡Ûi m~Î
e¨vL¨v: 24Cr = [Ar] 3d 3d 3d 3d
xy yz zx 3d z2
4s C. AvDd evD bxwZ D. ‡ev‡ii cigvYy MV‡bi ¯^xKvh©
x2  y2
2 2 6 2 6 10 2 6
06. 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s 4p B‡jKUªb web¨vmwU †Kvb †g․‡ji? [RU.2008-2009] mwVK DËi: B. û‡Ûi m~Î
A. Br B. Ar C. Kr D. Cr 04. cvigvYweK msL¨v 59 wewkó †g․jwU ch©vq mviwYi †Kvb Mªy‡c Aew¯Z?
[CU. 2014-15]
mwVK DËi: C. Kr A. IB B. IIB C. VB D. IVB E. IIIB
e¨vL¨v: 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s 4p =2+2+6+2+6+10+2+6=36=Kr
2 2 6 2 6 10 2 6
mwVK DËi: E. IIIB
07. ‡Kvb B‡jKUªb web¨vmwU mwVK? [RU.2008-2009] e¨vL¨v: cvigvYweK msL¨v 59 wewkó¨, †g․jwU nj Pr (cÖwmDwWwgqvg) hv j¨vb_vbvBW
A. [Ne]3s23px13py13pz1 B. [Ne]3s23px23py13pz0 wmwi‡Ri †g․j| chv©q mviYx‡Z j¨vb_vbvBW wmwi‡Ri †g․jmg~n IIIB MÖæ‡c
2 1 1 0 1
C. [Ne]3s 3px 3py 3pz 4s D. ‡KvbwUB bq Ae¯vb K‡i|
mwVK DËi: A. [Ne]3s23px13py13pz1 05. 4s23d7 †hvRbx †kj B‡jKUªb web¨vm wewkó †g․j m¤ú‡K© †Kvb Dw³wU fzj?
e¨vL¨v: [Ne]3s23px13py13pz1 = 10+2+3 = 15 hv dmdiv‡mi B‡jKUªb [CU.2012-2013,JnU.2011-2012]
web¨vm‡K wb‡`©k K‡i| A . †g․jwU Ae¯ všÍ i †g․j B . †g․jwU MÖæc VIIA-Gi AšÍfz©³
08. wmwjK‡bi B‡jKUªb web¨vm †KvbwU? [RU.2008-09]
C . †g․jwUi †hvRbxi gvb 2 ev 3 n‡Z cv‡i
2 2 6 2
A. Si (14) = 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 2 2 2 6 2
B. Si (14) = 1s 2s 2p 3s D. †g․jwU avZe
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
C. Si (14) = 1s 2s 2p 3s 2p 2s D. Si (14) = 1s 2s 2p 3s 2 2 mwVK DËi: B. †g․jwU MÖæc VIIA-Gi AšÍfz©³
mwVK DËi: A. Si (14)= 1s22s22p63s23p2 e¨vL¨v: B. mwVK bq| KviY †g․jwU Ae¯vb K‡i MÖæc VIIIA-G
2 2 6 2 2
e¨vL¨v: Si (14) = 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p = 2+2+6+2+2 = 14 06. wb‡gœi †Kvb cigvYy µgvsK †Rv‡oi †g․j s-block G Ae¯vb K‡i?
[CU.2010-2011]
wmwjK‡bi cvigvYweK msL¨v 14 hv wnmve Ki‡jB mwVK DËi cvIqv hvq| A. 7,15 B. 6,12 C. 9,17 D. 5,13 E. 3,12
09. Av‡qvwW‡bi cvigvYweK msL¨v KZ? [RU.2008-2009] mwVK DËi: E. 3,12
A. 35 B. 41 C. 53 D. 85 e¨vL¨v: 3 cvigvYweK msL¨v wewkó †g․‡ji bvg wjw_qvg Ges 12 cvigvYweK
mwVK DËi: C. 53 msL¨v wewkó †g․‡ji bvg g¨vM‡bwmqvg| Giv h_vµ‡g ÿvi Ges g„rÿvi
e¨vL¨v: Br(35), Nb(41), I(53), At(85) avZz| Avi ÿviavZz I g„rÿviavZzmg~n s-eøK †g․‡ji AšÍf©~³|
07. 39 cvigvYweK msL¨vhy³ ‡g․jwUi Ae¯vb ‡Kv_vq? [CU.2010-2011] DU-7Clg
A. s- eø‡K B. p- eø‡K 01. †Kvb avZzi cigvYyi s AiweUv‡j GKwU we‡Rvo B‡j±ªb Av‡Q?
C. d- eø‡K D. f- eø‡K E. ‡Kv_vI bv mwVK [7clg,Unit-A:2018-19]
DËit C. d- eø‡K A. Cr B. Co C. Fe D. Mg
e¨vL¨v: 39 cvigvYweK msL¨vhy³†g․‡ji bvg BwUªqvg (Y)| Gi B‡jKUªb web¨vm mwVK DËi: A. Cr
- [Kr]4d15s2 B‡jKUªb web¨vm †_‡K †`Lv hvq GwU d- eø‡K Aew¯Z| e¨vL¨v: Cr = [Ar]3d54s1 ; Co = [Ar]3d74s2
6 2;
08. Cerium(Ce)Gi cvigvYweK msL¨v KZ? [CU. 2008-09] Fe = [Ar]3d 4s Mg = [Ne]3s2
A. 21 B. 58 C. 73 D. 75 STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION
mwVK DËi: B. 58 SUST
e¨vL¨v: Sc (21), Ce(58), Ta(73), Re(75) 01. †KvbwU cigvYyi mwVK B‡jKUªb web¨vm? [SUST-B. 2019-20]
09. Mo-Gi mwVK B‡jKUªb web¨vm †KvbwU? [CU.2002-2003,RU.2010-11; JU-A. 2019-20] A. [Ar]4s13d5 B. [Ar]4s23d4 C. [Ar]4s23d9
A. [Kr]5s2 5P4 B. [Kr]4d6 C. [Kr]4d5 5s1 D. [Kr]4d4 5s2 D. [Ar]4s13d6 E. [Ar]4s03d6
5 1
mwVK DËi: C. [Kr]4d 5s mwVK DËi: A. [Ar]4s 3d 1 5
e¨vL¨v: B‡jKUªb web¨vm cvigvYweK msL¨v †g․j e¨vL¨v: [Ar] 4s1 3d5, KviY orbital mg~n memgq e Øviv c~Y© ev Aa©c~Y© _vK‡Z Pvq|
[Kr]4d25s2 36+2+2 = 40 Zr 02. GKwU †g․‡ji me©ewnt¯ †k‡ji B‡jKUªb web¨vm 4d15s2| †g․jwUi AvYweK
[Kr]4d45s1 36+4+1= 41 Nb msL¨v KZ? [SUST-B.2016-17]
[Kr]4d5 5s1 36+5+1= 42 Mo A. 35 B. 37 C. 39 D. 40 E. 41
[Kr]4d6 5s1 36+6+1= 43 Tc mwVK DËi: C. 39
KU e¨vL¨v: IIIB MÖæ‡ci †g․j Gi ms‡KZ 39Y(Yttrium)
01. ch©vq mviYx‡Z Ag Gi Ae¯vb †Kvb †kÖwY‡Z? [KU. 2015-16] 03. bvB‡Uªv‡R‡bi 2p B‡jKUªb web¨vm †Kvb bxwZ AbymiY K‡i?
[SUST. 2014-15]
A. IB B. IIB C. IVA D. VIII
A. cwji eR©b bxwZ B. û‡Ûi wbqg C. AvDdevD bxwZ
mwVK DËi: A. IB
D. †ev‡ii g‡Wj E. iv`vi‡dv‡W©i g‡Wj
e¨vL¨v: IB MÖæ‡ci †g․j¸‡jv n‡jv Cu, Ag, Au, Rg|
mwVK DËi: B. û‡Ûi wbqg
02. AvDdevD bxwZ Abyhvqx bx‡Pi †Kvb m¤úK©wU mZ¨? [KU.2011-2012]
e¨vL¨v: û‡Ûi bxwZ Abymv‡i, GKB kw³ m¤úbœ wewfbœ AiweUv‡j B‡jKUªb¸‡jv
A. 3d<5s<4p B. 6s<5p<4dc C. 3d<4p<5s D. 5f<6d<4f
mwVK DËi: C. 3d<4p<5s Ggbfv‡e Ae¯vb Ki‡e, †hb Zviv mev©waK cwigv‡Y AhyM¥ Ae¯vq _v‡K|
G bxwZ Abymv‡i N Gi B‡jKUªb web¨vm
e¨vL¨v: B‡jKUªb web¨v‡mi wbqgvejx †`L|
1s 2s 2p
IU N(7):
01. †Kvb B‡jKUªb web¨vmwU mwVK? [IU-D.2019-20] 04. û‡Ûi wbqg Abyhvqx f¨vbvwWqvg (V) †g․‡j KqwU †e‡Rvo B‡jKUªb _v‡K?
A. Zn2+: [Ar]3d10 B. Ni2+: [Ar]3d64s2 [SUST: 2010-2011]
2+
C. Fe : [Ar]3d s 4 2
D. Cu2+: [Ar]3d64s1 A. 1 wU B. 3 wU C. 5 wU D. 0 wU
mwVK DËi: A. Zn2+: [Ar]3d10 mwVK DËi: B. 3 wU
02. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK web¨vm- 2 2 6 2 6 3 2
[IU-A.2017-18] e¨vL¨v: V(23)-1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s
2+
A. 4f < 5d < 6p < 7s B. 7s < 5d < 4f < 6p 05. Mg Ges Mg Gi B‡jKUªb web¨vm h_vµ‡g- [SUST:2007-2008]
C. 7s < 6p < 5d < 4f D. 6p < 7s < 5d < 4f A. 1s22s22p63s23p4 Ges 1s22s22p63s23p2
mwVK DËi: A. 4f < 5d < 6p < 7s B. 1s22s22p63s23p64s2 Ges 1s22s22p63s23p6
e¨vL¨v: n + l Gi gvb hvi †ewk Zvi kw³ †ewk| n+l Gi gvb mgvb n‡j hvi n C. 1s22s22p63s2 Ges 1s22s22p6
Gi gvb eo †mB AiweUv‡ji kw³ ZZ †ewk| D. 1s22s22p6 Ges 1s22s22p4
03. Ag -Gi ewnt¯ ¯Í‡i m¤¢ve¨ B‡jKUªb web¨vm- [IU-A.2017-18] mwVK DËi: C. 1s22s22p63s2 Ges 1s22s22p6
9 2 8 2 7 2
A. 4d 5s B. 4d 5s C. 4d 5s D. 4d85s2 06. Hund-Gi bxwZ Abyhvqx P-AiweUv‡j †e‡Rvo B‡jKUª‡bi msL¨v-
9 2
mwVK DËi: A. 4d 5s [SUST:2006-07]
e¨vL¨v: Ag (47) : 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p64d95s2 (m¤¢ve¨) A. 3wU B. 1 wU C. 4wU D. 0 wU
1s22s22p63s33p63d104s24p64d105s1 (mwVK) mwVK DËi: A. 3wU
BRU e¨vL¨v: †e‡Rvo B‡jKUª‡bi msL¨v = s(1),P(3), d(5), f(7)
01. mgkw³m¤úbœ AiweUvjmg~‡n B‡jKUª‡bi web¨vm †Kvb wbqg Øviv wbqwš¿Z 07. Ô‡Kvb cigvYy‡Z `ywU B‡jKUª‡bi PviwU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb GKB n‡Z
nq? [BRU. 2012-2013] cv‡i bvÕ-G bxwZwU n‡”Q? [SUST:2006-2007]
A. Pauli’s exclusion principle B. Aufbau principle A. cwji eR©b bxwZ B. û‡Ûi bxwZ
C. Hund’s rule D. (n + 1) rule C. AvDdevD bxwZ D. ‡ev‡ii bxwZ
mwVK DËi: C. Hund’s rule mwVK DËi: A. cwji eR©b bxwZ
BU 08. GKwU †g․‡ji †kl wZbwU AiweUv‡ji B‡jKUªwbK web¨vm 4p64d45s1 n‡j
01. wb‡gœi ‡Kvb B‡jKUªb web¨vmwU mwVK bq? [BU. 2015-16] †g․jwUi cvigvYweK msL¨v KZ? [SUST-B93]
A. Na+ = 1s22s22p6 B. Cl– = 1s22s22p63s23p6 A. 30 B. 39 C. 41 D. 43 E. 49
C. C = 1s22s22p2 D. Cu = [Ar]3d94s2 mwVK DËi: C. 41
mwVK DËi: D. Cu = [Ar]3d94s2 e¨vL¨v: ‡g․jwUi B‡jKUªb web¨vm = 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p64d45s1
e¨vL¨v: Cu = [Ar] 3d10 4s1 cvigvYweK msL¨v = 2+2+6+2+6+10+2+6+4+1=41
JUST PUST
01. Zr Gi B‡jKUªb web¨vm †KvbwU? [JUST-A: 2019-20] 01. †KvbwU Rh(45) †g․‡ji ewnt¯Í‡ii B‡jKUªb web¨vm? [PUST. 2019-20]
A. [Xe]4s2 B. [Kr]4d25s2 C. [Kr]5s2 D. [Xe]5s1 A. 4d65s2 B. 4d75s1 C. 4d85s1 D. 4d75s2
2 2
mwVK DËi: B. [Kr]4d 5s mwVK DËi: C. 4d85s1
02. Rn wbw®…q †g․‡ji B‡j±ªb web¨v‡mi †¶‡Î wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 
02. Fe Ges Crz=24 Gi B‡jKUªb msL¨v KZ?
z  26
[PBSTU-B.2016-17]
[JUST-A: 2018-19]
A. 6s26p6 B. 5s25p6 A. 26 I 24 B. 24 I 24 C. 24 I 28 D. 24 I 26
2
C. 4s 4p 6
D. 3s23p6 mwVK DËi: B. 24, 24
mwVK DËi: A. 6s26p6 e¨vL¨v: Fe2+(26) Gi B‡jKUªb msL¨v 24; Cr Gi B‡jKUªb msL¨v 24
e¨vL¨v: wbw®…q M¨vmmg~‡ni B‡j±ªb web¨vm- HSTU
He – 1s2 Ne – [He]2s22p6 01. Fe2+ Avq‡bi d-AiweUv‡j B‡jKUªb msL¨v KZ? [HSTU-A.2017-18]
2 6
Ar – [Ne]3s 3p Kr – [Ar]3d104s24p6 A. 9 B. 7 C. 6 D. 5
Xe – [Kr]4d105s25p6 Rn – [Xe]4f145d106s26p6 mwVK DËi: C. 6
2 2 6 2 6 6 2
03. ls 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s B‡j±ªb web¨vmwU †Kvb †g․‡ji? e¨vL¨v: Fe (26) = [Ar]3d64s2 ; Fe2+ (24) = [Ar]3d64s0
[JSTU-C. 2016-17]
A. Zn B. Cu C. Fe D. Cr E. Pd Fe3+ (23) = [Ar]3d54s0
mwVK DËi: C. Fe 02. †KvbwU AvDdevD bxwZ bq? [HSTU-A.2017-18]
7 2
04. [Ar]3d 4s B‡jKUªb web¨vm wewkó †g․‡ji Ae¯vb nj? [JUST. 2015-16] A. D”Pkw³i AiweUvj‡K MÖ v DÛ †÷U e‡j
A. 0 B. VI A C. VIII D. II A B. mgkw³i AiweUvj¸‡jv wW‡Rbv‡iU K‡i
mwVK DËi: C. VIII C. mgkw³i ¯Í‡i 3wU p, 5wU d Ges 7wU f AiweUvj _v‡K
e¨vL¨v: ns + (n1)d = 8, 9, 10 n‡j VIII bs MÖæ‡c hvq| D. B‡jKUªb †h †Kvb AiweUv‡j cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡i
mwVK DËi: A. D”Pkw³i AiweUvj‡K MÖvDÛ †÷U e‡j
MBSTU
e¨vL¨v: wb¤œkw³i AiweUvj‡K MÖvDÛ †÷U e‡j|
01. wb‡Pi †Kvb †g․jwU B‡jKUªb web¨v‡mi mvaviY wbq‡gi e¨wZµg †`Lvq?
[MBSTU-C. 2019-20] 03. B‡jKUªb mgy‡`ªi avZz mg~n abvZ¡K Avqb, bx‡Pi †Kvb avZzwU B‡jKUªb
A. Ca B. Fe C. Zn D. Cr mgy‡`ªi mePvB‡Z †ekx B‡jKUªb mieivn Ki‡e? [HSTU-A.2016-17]
mwVK DËi: D. Cr A. g¨vM‡bwmqvg B. A¨vjywgwbqvg C. †mvwWqvg D. wRsK
02. V3+ (23) Gi ewnt¯ ¯Í‡i B‡jKUªbxq MVb- [MBSTU-B. 2019-20] mwVK DËi: B. A¨vjywgwbqvg
2 0 5 1 4 1
A. 3d 4s B. 3d 4s C. 3d 4s D. 3d24s2
mwVK DËi: A. 3d24s6 STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION
e¨vL¨v: V3+(23)  [Ar]4s03d2 BUET
01. bx‡Pi †KvbwU wg_¨v? [BUET: 2013-2014]
03. wb‡Pi †KvbwUi †ÿ‡Î d-AiweUv‡ji Aw¯ÍZ¡ we`¨gvb? [MBSTU-A1.2017-18]
A. Ca I Ca2+ Gi †cÖvUb msL¨v mgvb
A. Sc B. Ca C. Ar D. K
mwVK DËi: A. Sc B. O2 AYy‡Z `ywU mg‡hvRx eÜb Av‡Q
e¨vL¨v: d eøK †g․jmg~n : Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn C. Fe2+ I Fe3+ Avq‡b mgvb msL¨K B‡jKUªb Av‡Q
04. cwji eR©bbxwZ Abymv‡i s I p Dckw³¯Í‡i me©vwaK B‡jKUªb msL¨v KZ? D. nvB‡Wªv‡R‡bi cwRwUf I †b‡MwUf Dfq cÖKvi †hvR¨Zv n‡Z cv‡i|
2+ 3+
[MBSTU-B.2016-17] mwVK DËi: C. Fe I Fe Avq‡b mgvb msL¨K B‡jKUªb Av‡Q
A. 2,4 B. 4,6 C. 2,6 D. 2,8 e¨vL¨v:
mwVK DËi: C. 2, 6 avZe Avqb e number 3d web¨vm
e¨vL¨v: s Dckw³¯Í‡i AiweUvj 1wU, B‡jKUªb 2wU Avi p Dckw³ ¯Í‡i AiweUvj Fe2+ 26-2=24 3d6
3wU Ges B‡jKUªb 6wU _v‡K| Fe 3+
26-3=23 3d5
05. myw¯Z Ae¯vq Cr(24) cigvYywU‡Z †Rvonxb B‡jKUªb msL¨v KZ?
02. ‡h †g․‡ji ewnt¯ ¯Í‡ii B‡jKUªb web¨vm 3d 2 4s 2 ‡m ‡g․jwUi chv©q
[MBSTU-D 2014-15]
A. 1 B. 4 C. 2 D. 6 mviYx‡Z Ae¯vb- [BUET: 2013-2014]
mwVK DËi: D. 6 A. Gr-IIA B. Gr-IIB C. Gr-IVA D. Gr-IVB
e¨vL¨v: myw¯Z Ae¯vq Cr(24) cigvYywU‡Z †Rvonxb B‡jKUªb msL¨v 6wU| KviY, mwVK DËi: D. Gr-IVB
myw¯Z Ae¯vq Cr(24) Gi B‡jKUªb web¨vm- e¨vL¨v: IIA  ns 2 , IIB  n  1d10 ns 2 , IVA ns2np2
1 1 1 1 1
[Ar] 3d 3d 3d 2 2 3d 3d 2 4s1 03. GKwU cigvYyi ewnt¯Í‡ii B‡j±ªbxq KvVv‡gv .....3d5 4s1 | ch©vq mviYx‡Z
xy zx x –y yz z
BSMRSTU †g․jwUi Ae¯vb †KvbwU? [KUET: 2013-2014]
01. AvDdevD bxwZ Abymv‡i wb‡Pi †Kvb kw³µgwU mwVK? [BSMRSTU:2018-19] A. Group IA, Period 3 B. Group IB, Period 4
A. 4s<3d<4p B. 3d <4s <4p C. 4d <5s <5p D. 5s <5p <4d C. Group IVA, Period 4 D. Group IVA, Period 3
mwVK DËi: A. 4s<3d<4p E. Group VIB, Period 4
mwVK DËi: E. Group VIB, Period 4
e¨vL¨v: n + l Gi gvb †ewk n‡j AiweUv‡ji kw³ †ewk nq| hw`
n + l Gi gvb mgvb nq Z‡e hvi n Gi gvb ‡ewk Zvi kw³ †ewk nq| e¨vL¨v: 1s 2 2s 2 2p6 3s 2 3p6 3d 5 4s1  Cr, PZz_© ch©vq; MÖæc VIB
04. me‡P‡q fvix avZzwUi cigvYyi ewnt¯Í‡ii B‡jKUª‡bi KvVv‡gv †KvbwU? ASPECT SERIES 
05. ch©vq mviYx‡Z Kve©b †g․‡ji B‡jKUªb web¨vm n‡”Q-
[CUET. 2015-16] [MAT:2013-2014,KU.2015-16]
A. (n–1) d7 ns2 B. (n–1) d5 ns2 A. 1s2 2s2 B. 1s2 2s2 2p3 C. 1s2 2s2 2p2 D. 1s2 2s2 2p5
C. (n–1) d10 ns2 D. (n–1) d10 ns1 mwVK DËi: C. 1s 2s 2p2
2 2
mwVK DËi: A. (n–1) d7 ns2
06. ‡h mg¯Í †g․‡ji cigvYy msL¨v 18, Zv‡ì m¤ú‡K© wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK bq?
e¨vL¨v: me‡P‡q fvix avZzwU cøy‡Uwbqvg (Pu) hv Ack‡b †bB| Avi hw` Nb‡Z¡i [MAT.2008-2009]
w`K w`‡q Avgiv we‡ePbv Kwi Zvn‡j nq Amwgqvg Os(76) wKš‧ †mwUI A. B‡jKUªwbK web¨vm: 1s22s22p63s23p6 B. wbw®…q M¨vm
Ack‡b †bB| Z‡e wØZxq †g․jwU n‡”Q Iridium (Ir) hvi cvigvYweK msL¨v C. Z…Zxq ch©vq Ges 0 MÖæcf~³ D. me©ewn¯ kw³ ¯Íi n‡”Q: 3p6
77 I evwn‡ii Kÿc‡_i B‡jKUªb KvVv‡gv (n–1) d7 ns2. mwVK DËi: D. me©ewn¯ kw³ ¯Íi n‡”Q: 3p 6
05. wb‡P †Ìqv ‡Kvb B‡jKUªb web¨vmwU mwVK bq?
[CUET: 2013-2014, CU.2002-2003; [KU-Rx:A: 2016-17] DAT
A. Ar(18) – 1s22s22p63s23p6 B. K(19) – [Ar]4s1 01 . †Kvb bxwZi wfwË‡Z g~ jZ AiweUv‡j cigvYyi B‡jKUªb web¨¯Í nq bv?
6 10 1
C. Fe(26)–[Ar]4p D. Cu(29) – [Ar]3d 4s [DAT. 2019-20]
mwVK DËi: C A. AvDdevD bxwZ B. VSEPR ZË¡
e¨vL¨v: Cu 29  Ar 3d10 4s1 ; Fe26  Ar 3d 6 4s 2 C. û‡Ûi wbqg D. cvDwji eR©b bxwZ
06. GKwU †g․‡ji †hvR¨Zv ¯Í‡i QqwU B‡jKUªb Av‡Q| †g․jwU PZz_© ch©v‡q mwVK DËi: B. VSEPR ZË¡
Aew¯Z| †g․jwUi cÖZxK wK? [BUTex-2016-17] e¨vL¨v: mvaviYZ wZbwU bxwZi wfwË‡Z B‡jKUªbmg~n wewfbœ AiweUv‡j web¨¯Í
A. P B. S C. As D. Se
mwVK DËi: D. Se nq: AvDdevD bxwZ, û‡Ûi wbqg I cvDwji eR©b bxwZ| VSEPR ZË¡wU
e¨vL¨v: Se (34)  [Ar] 3d 4s 4p
10 2 4 B‡jKUªbmg~‡ni g‡a¨ weKl©Y e¨vL¨v Kivi Rb¨ eëüZ nq|
07. ‡g․jmg~‡ni g‡a¨ †KvbwUi ewnt¯ ¯Í‡ii B‡jKUªwbK MVb s p ? 2 6 02. Cl(17) Gi B‡jKUªb web¨vm †KvbwU? [DAT. 2016-17]
[BUTex. 2014-15] A. 1s22s22p63s23p5 B. 1s22s22p43s43p5
A. Fluorine B. Sulphur C. Oxygen D. Neon C. 1s22s22p53s33p5 D.1s22s22p53s43p4
mwVK DËi: D. Neon mwVK DËi: A. 1s22s22p63s23p5
e¨vL¨v: Ne(10) = 1s22s22p6 e¨vL¨v:
STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION B‡jKUªb web¨vm mwVK/ mwVK bq KviY
2 2
MAT 1s 2s 2p63s23p5 mwVK AiweUv‡ji mwVK web¨vm
01. †mvwWqvg Avq‡b KZ¸‡jv B‡jKUªb _v‡K? [MAT. 2019-20] 1s22s22p43s43p5 mwVK bq S AiweUv‡j 2 Gi †ewk
A. 13 B. 5 C. 11 D. 1 B‡jKUªb _vK‡Z cv‡i bv|
mwVK DËi: Blank 1s22s22p53s33p5 mwVK bq S AiweUv‡j 2 Gi †ewk
e¨vL¨v: †mvwWqvg cigvYy‡Z 11wU B‡jKUªb _v‡K| wKš‧ hLb GwU GKwU B‡jKUªb B‡jKUªb _vK‡Z cv‡i bv|
Z¨vM K‡i †mvwWqvg K¨vUvqb (Na+) MVb K‡i ZLb B‡jKUªb nq 10wU| 1s22s22p53s43p4 mwVK bq S AiweUv‡j 2 Gi †ewk
02. Na(11) Gi B‡jKUªb web¨vm †KvbwU? [MAT.2016-17]
B‡jKUªb _vK‡Z cv‡i bv|
A. 1s22s22p53s2 B. 1s22s22p43s3 C. 1s22s22p63s1 D. 1s22s32p33s4
mwVK DËi: C. 1s22s22p63s1 Board Ques.
e¨vL¨v: Na (11) 1s22s22p63s1 01. wb‡Pi †Kvb †g․‡ji B‡jKUªb web¨v‡m û‡Ûi wbqg cÖ‡hvR¨ bq? [e.‡ev.2016]
03. ‡Kv‡bv †g․‡ji wewfbœ DcK‡ÿi m‡e©v”P B‡jKUªb msL¨v Rvbvi Rb¨ wb‡gœi A. N B. P C. S D. Cl
†Kvb bxwZ eëüZ nq bv? [MAT.2016-17] mwVK DËi: D. Cl
A. AvDdevD bxwZ B. û‡Ði bxwZ C. cwji eR©b bxwZ D. cøv‡¼i bxwZ 02. †Kvb bxwZi wfwË‡Z g~jZ AiweUvjmg~‡n B‡jKUªb web¨¯Í nq? [Xv.‡ev.2016]
mwVK DËi: D. cøv‡¼i bxwZ A. û‡Ûi B. AvDdevD C. cvDwji eR©b D. VSEPR
04. 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s1 B‡jKUªb web¨vmwU †Kvb †g․‡ji? [MAT.2016-17]
mwVK DËi: B. AvDdevD
A. K B. Cu C. Zn D. Cr E. Fe
mwVK DËi: B. Cu
PART-02: SPECTROSCOPY
 CONCEPT 07 eY©vjxwgwZ
 Item-01: msÁvMZ Z_¨t eY©vjxwgwZ‡K Spectrometry ev Spectrophotometry ev Spectroscopy ejv nq| Spectroscopy MÖxK kã Spectrum
(Appearance) I Scope (to see) n‡Z G‡m‡Q| Gi A_© eY©vjx †`Lv|
 Avwe¯‥viK I gZev` msµvšÍ Z_¨:
weÁvbx mvj Avwe®‥viK msµvšÍ Z_¨
wµwðqvb nvB‡MÝ 1690 Av‡jvK iwk¥ ev †iwW‡qkb jw¤^K ¯ú›`b
BDjvi 1764 ‡iwW‡qkb Awew”Qbœ Zi½ cÖevn
K¬vK© g¨v·I‡qj 1873 Av‡jvK Z_v †iwW‡qk‡b Zwor †P․¤^K ag© eZ©gvb
nvR© I njIqvm 1888 d‡Uv B‡jKwUªK djvdj (wRsK †cø‡U `„k¨gvb)
g¨v· cøv¼ 1901 †Kvqv›Uvg ZË¡
AvBb÷vBb 1905 ‡dvUb gZev` †`b hv †Kvqv›Uvg ZË¡‡K mycwÖ ZwôZ K‡i|
 Item-02:Zwor Pz¤^Kxq eY©vjxt eY©vjx k‡ãi D™¢e Av‡jvi e‡Y©i mgvnvi †_‡K| Zwor Pz¤^Kxq ej‡Z Av‡jvi Zwor I †P․¤^Kxq ag©‡K eySvq|
– c
1. Particle Concept: E= hc 2. Wave Concept : E = h

K¤úv‡¼i GKK: (s–1) Zi½ •`‡N©ï GKK: (cm) Zi½ msL¨vi GKK: – (cm–1)
wewfbœ iwk¥ I Zi½ •`N©¨ `„k¨gvb Av‡jvi Zi½ •`N©¨ (nm)
iwk¥i bvg Zi½ •`N¨© (nm) ‡e¸bx 380-424
gnvRvMwZK iwk¥ <0.00005 bxj 424-450 †e¸wb Av‡jvi Zi½‣`N©¨ me‡P‡q Kg ZvB K¤úv¼
Mvgv iwk¥ 0.0005-0.15 Avmgvbx 450-500 me‡P‡q †ewk Ges jvj Av‡jvi Zi½‣`N©¨ †ewk nIqvq
iÄb iwk¥ 0.01-10 meyR 500-575 K¤úv¼ Kg|
AwZ †e¸wb iwk¥ <380 njy` 575-590 nm ‡_‡K Å ‡Z †h‡Z 10 w`‡q ¸Y Ki‡Z n‡e|
`„k¨gvb Av‡jvK iwk¥ 380-700 Kgjv 590-647
Ae‡jvwnZ Av‡jvK iwk¥ >700 jvj 647-700
gvB‡µvI‡qf iwk¥ 106-3108 ‡e bx Av m n K jv
‡iwWI I †Uwjwfkb iwk¥ 3108-1010 ‡e¸bx bxj Avmgvbx meyR njy` Kgjv jvj
g‡b ivLvi †K․kjt gnvRM‡Zi Mvgv iÄb‡K AwZ †e¸bx `„‡k¨ Ae‡nwjZ K‡i‡Q gvB‡µv, †iwWI †Uwjwfkb-Zi½ •`‡N©ï EaŸ©µg (‡QvU †_‡K eo)
gnvRM‡Zi Mvgv iÄb‡K AwZ †e¸bx `„‡k¨ Ae‡nwjZ K‡i‡Q gvB‡µv †iwWI †Uwjwfkb
gnvRvMwZK iwk¥ Mvgv iwk¥ iÄb iwk¥ AwZ †e¸bx iwk¥ `„k¨gvb iwk¥ Ae‡jvwnZ iwk¥ gvB‡µv I‡qfm †iwWI †Uwjwfkb iwk¥
(CR) () (X-ray) (UV) (Visible) Infra-red (IR) (Micro waves) (Radio waves)
–10 –4 –2 6 8
10 (nm) 10 10 2 380 700 10 10 1012 (nm)
(i) evg cv‡k Aew¯Z gnvRvMwZK iwk¥i Zi½‣`N©¨ me‡P‡q Kg nIqvq K¤úb I kw³ me‡P‡q †ewk|
(ii) Wvb cv‡k Aew¯Z †iwWI I †Uwjwfk‡bi Zi½‣`N©¨ me‡P‡q †ewk nIqvq K¤úb I kw³ me‡P‡q Kg|
 AwZ‡e¸wb iwk¥ (UV) AÂj : G AÂjwU 10 nm – 380 nm Zi½‣`N©¨ ch©šÍ we¯Í…Z|
Zi½‣`N©¨ [nm] eënvi Zi½‣`N©¨ [nm] eënvi
30 nm – 200 nm UV-d‡UvB‡jKUªb, †¯úK‡Uªv‡¯‥vwc 200 nm – 400 nm WªvM (drug) kbv³Ki‡Y
230 nm – 365 nm UV-ID, †j‡ej Uª¨vwKs iƒ‡c 280 nm – 360 nm †cÖvwUb A¨vbvjvBwmm Kv‡R
230 nm – 380 nm AcwUK¨vj †mÝi iƒ‡c 280 nm – 400 nm †Kvl ev cell Gi †gwW‡Kj B‡gwRs G
240 nm – 280 nm RxevYybvkK Kv‡R 300 nm – 320 nm wPwKrmv‡ÿ‡Î jvBU †_ivwc‡Z
 Ae‡jvwnZ (Infra-red) AÂj : Ae‡jvwnZ iwk¥ AÂj `„k¨gvb AÂj A_©vr visible ev ‘infra’ Gi ci †_‡KB ïiæ| Gi cwimi 780 nm †_‡K 1000 m ev,
1.0 mm| A_©vr GwU near IR, middle-IR I Far-IR Giƒc wZbwU As‡k wef³| G‡ì‡K gvB‡µvwgUvi (m) GK‡K cÖKvk Kiv nq| (1 m = 1 × 10–6 m)|
AÂj Zi½‣`N©¨ () eënvi
Near-IR 0.78 m – 2.5 m [wPwKrmv †ÿ‡Î eëüZ nq]
middle-IR 2.5 m – 25 m [•Re †h․‡Mi Kvh©Kvixg~jK kbv³Ki‡Y IR Spectrpscopy †Z eëüZ nq]
Far-IR 25 m – 1000 m ev 1.0 mm [wPwKrmv †ÿ‡Î eëüZ]
 wPwKrmv‡ÿ‡Î IR iwk¥i e¨vcK eënvi i‡q‡Q| †hgb-
 K¨vÝvi wbY©‡q IR iwk¥  gw¯Í‡®‥i †ivM wbY©q  †÷ªvK wPwKrmvq  wdwRI‡_ivwc‡Z Ges  †gwW‡Kj WvqvMbw÷K c×wZ‡Z
 Item-03: eY©vjxi †kªYxwefvM-
•ewkó¨ Abymv‡i- eY©vwj `yB cÖKvi c`v‡_©i MVb Abymv‡i- eY©vwj 3 cÖKvi
 wewKiY ev D¾¡j eY©vwj (emission/light spectra) :  cvigvYweK ev †iLv eY©vwj (atomic/line spectra) : cvigvYweK eY©vwjwgwZ †g․j
D”PZi kw³¯Íi †_‡K wb¤œZi kw³ ¯Í‡i wd‡i Avmvi mgq kbv³Ki‡Yi DrK…ó c×wZ| cvigvYweK ev †iLv eY©vwj `yB cÖKvi| h_v-
Av‡jvi wewKiY N‡U| (i) Av‡jv we”QziY eY©vwj- GwU D¾¡j e‡Y©i †iLv nq|
 †kvlY ev Aby¾¡j eY©vwj (absorption/dark spectra) (ii) Av‡jv †kvlY eY©vwj- GwU Kv‡jv e‡Y©i †iLv nq|
: B‡jKUªb wb¤œ kw³¯Íi †_‡K D”P kw³¯Í‡i ¯vbvšÍwiZ  AvYweK ev ¸”Q eY©vwj (molecular/band spectra) :
nIqvi mgq Av‡jvi †kvlY N‡U|  wbiwew”Qbœ eY©vwj (continuous spectra) : AZ¨waK ZvcgvÎvq †Kv‡bv D”P AvYweK
fi wewkó †h․‡Mi †ÿ‡Î †`Lv hvq|
 AvYweK eY©vjx we‡kølY: ASPECT SERIES 
 AveZ©b eY©vjx we‡kølY (Rotational spectroscopy)  K¤úb eY©vjx we‡kølY (Vibrational spectroscopy)
ev Ae‡jvwnZ eY©vjx we‡kølY (Infrared spectroscopy)  B‡jKUªb eY©vjx we‡kølY (Electron spectroscopy)
 igb eY©vjx we‡kølY (Raman spectroscopy)  NMR eY©vjx we‡kølY (NMR spectroscopy)
 ESR eY©vjx we‡kølY (ESR spectroscopy)
 Item-04: cvi‡ì †iLv eY©vwj : m Kv j
wZb cÖKvi| gviKvix‡Z mKvj nq   
meyR Kgjv jvj
 Item-05: wkLv cixÿv (FLAME TEST)- wkLv cixÿvq cøvwUbvg ev bvB‡µvg Zvi eënvi Kiv nq | Mvp HCl GwmW eënvi Kiv nq |
A. ‡g․‡ji eY©t Lvwj †Pv‡L ev wkLv cixÿvq-
avZz/avZe Avqb eY© eøy-Møvm/‡Kvevë Kv‡P eY© avZz/avZe Avqb eY© eøy-Møvm/‡Kvevë Kv‡P eY©
+ 2+
Li/Li D¾¡j jvj (Crimson) ----- Ba/Ba KuvPv Av‡c‡ji gZ bxjvf meyR (Bluish Green)
Na/Na+ ‡mvbvjx njy` (Golden Yellow) eY©nxb wkLv Ca/Ca2+ B‡Ui b¨vq jvj (Brick Red) nvjKv meyR (Light Green)
K/K+ ‡e¸bx ( Pale Violet) ‡Mvjvcx jvj wkLv Sr/Sr2+ UKU‡K jvj (Crimson Red) .....
Rb/Rb+ jvj‡P †e¸bx Ra/Ra 2+
jvj (Red) .......
Cs/Cs+ bxj (Blue) Cu/Cu2+ meyRvf bxj (Bluish Green) ...
2+ 2+ 3+ 2+ 3+
wkLv cixÿvq eY© †`q bv Be , Mg ,Al ,Fe ,Fe
Kvj †m †Mv cvj Gi K b¨v bvB

 †Kvevë eøy Møv‡m avZe       
Avq‡bi wkLv cixÿvi eY©: K¨vjwmqvg meyR †Mvjvcx jvj cUvwmqvg Kcvi †mvwWqvg (Na) eY© †bB
B. ‡h․‡Mi eY© t ÿvi avZzi ‡h․‡Mi eY©t eY© g‡b ivLvi mnR †K․kj-
 ‡h․‡Mi eY©t Cr2O 72  I CrO42– hvi mv‡_ _vK‡e Zvi eY©B n‡e Kgjv| †hgb- K2Cr2O7  Kgjv, Na2CrO4  Kgjv|

 Mn O4 hvi mv‡_ _vK‡e Zvi eY©B n‡e †Mvjvcx| †hgb- KMnO4  †Mvjvcx
2
‡µv‡gU Kgjv, WvB‡µv‡g‡UI ZvB
 Cr2O 7 I CrO42– †Zvgvi mv‡_ _vK‡j †Zvgvi eY© n‡e Kgjv|
–
Avi MnO4 †Zvgvi gv_vq _vK‡j †Zvgvi Pz‡ji eY©I n‡e †Mvjvcx|
†Mvjvcx GLb †Uª‡b, g¨v½v‡b‡U cvB
Avi hw` Pzj bv _v‡K Z‡e Zv n‡e †Mvjvcx UvK gv_v| Gevi AviI wK ÿviavZzi
†h․‡Mi eY© gyL¯ Ki‡Z n‡e? GQvov eY© †kLv
MÖæc-I, II †h․M mg~‡ni mg¯Í eY© n‡e mv`v wKsev eY©nxb| ‡hgb, LiCl, NaNO3, LiNO3 mv`v| GË mnR
N.B.: Z‡e mv`v _vK‡j DËi mv`v Avi mv`v bv _vK‡j eY©nxb DËi n‡e|
 Gevi wK AviI †h․‡Mi eY© wPb‡Z fyj n‡e? g‡b bv _vK‡j QovwU wk‡L bvI-
mZK©Zvt ‡h․‡Mi eY© Avi kbv³Ki‡Yi eY© KLbB GK bq|
 Item-06: cvigvYweK eY©vjx (H-eY©vjx)t ‡¯úK‡UªvwgUv‡ii wfZi w`‡q nvB‡Wªv‡R‡bi we”QyiY eY©vjx‡Z A‡bK ¸‡jv †iLvi c„_K c„_K wmwiR ev †kªYx m„wó nq|
G wmwiR ¸‡jv‡K Avwe¯‥vi‡Ki bvg Abyhvqx bvgKiY Kiv nq|
H-eY©vjxwmwiR ‡UKwbK B‡j±ªb †h kw³ ¯Í‡i wd‡i Avm‡j m„wó nq cÖavb eY©vjx AÂj
jvBg¨vb jvBwji 1g AwZ-†e¸bx
evgvi evev 2q `„k¨ gvb (Visible)
c¨v‡ðb †cj 3q Bbd«v-†iW (Ae‡jvwnZ)
eª¨v‡KU ev‡¯‥U 4_© dvi Bbd«v-†iW (AwZAe‡jvwnZ)
dyÛ dzj 5g dvi Bbd«v-†iW (AwZAe‡jvwnZ)
nvgwd«k nvB 6ô dvi Bbd«v-†iW (AwZAe‡jvwnZ)
 wmwi‡Ri bvg ‡_‡K B‡jKUªbØ‡qi gvb wbY©qt  cÖ_g B‡jKUªb ev n1 = wmwiR bs,  cieZ©x B‡jKUªb ev n2 = wmwiR bs+ jvBb msL¨v
EX. t ‡Kvb B‡jKUªwbK ¯vbvšÍ‡ii d‡j nvB‡Wªv‡Rb eY©vjxi evgvi wmwi‡Ri 4th jvB‡bi m„wó nq? [DU. 2006-2007]
cÖ_g B‡jKUªb ev n1 = wmwiR bs=2 , cieZ©x B‡jKUªb ev n2 = wmwiR bs+ jvBb msL¨v = 2+4 = 6 DËi t A. n = 6 to n = 2
 Item-07: Rvj cvm‡cvU© ev Rvj UvKv kbv³Ki‡Y UV iwk¥i eënvi- ASPECT SERIES 
 1899 mv‡j †jbvW© me©cÖ_g UV iwk¥i mvnv‡h¨ AvYweK d‡Uv B‡jKUªb wewKiY ch©‡eÿY K‡ib|
 230 nm – 375 nm Zi½‣`‡N©ï UV iwk¥ AcwUK¨vj †mÝiiƒ‡c Avmj-bKj Kv‡iwÝ †bvU wW‡UK&&Ui †gwk‡b eëüZ nq|
 Kv‡iwÝ †bv‡U Security device iƒ‡c AcwUK¨vj †mÝi dm‡dvi (phosphor) bvgK we‡kl ivmvqwbK c`v_© eëüZ nq|
Rvj cvm‡cvU© I bKj
dm‡dvi n‡jv ÿz`ª Zi½‣`‡N©ï †hgb- 230 nm – 375 nm Zi½‣`‡N©ï UV iwk¥ †kvlYKvix|
UvKv kbv³Ki‡Y
 cÖwZcÖfv ev Abycf
Ö v (fluorescence) G bxwZi Ici wfwË K‡iB Rvj UvKv/ cvm‡cvU© kbv³Ki‡Y UV iwk¥ eëüZ nq|
 wewfbœ †`‡ki RvZxq e¨vsK Kv‡iwÝ †bvU ev KvM‡Ri UvKvi I cvm‡cv‡U©i Rvj Kivi iÿvKePiƒ‡c ÔwbivcËv myZvÕ
(security thread) I UV iwk¥ kbv³‡hvM¨ A`„k¨ we‡kl dm‡dvi Kvwj ev UV fluorescent ink eëüZ nq|
evsjv‡`kx †bv‡U m„ó eY©: †envjv †e nv jv

  
†e¸wb (1000,500,100) njy` jvj(100,500)
 Item-08: wPwKrmvweÁv‡b IR iwk¥i eënvi

 †ivM wbY©‡qi †ÿ‡Î eZ©gv‡b Gi eënvi-
 AvaywbK wPwKrmv weÁv‡b hyMvšÍKvix eënvi t GKwU ¯^vfvweK †Kvl I GKwU Awbqwš¿Zfv‡e e„w×cÖvß †Kv‡li Ae‡jvwnZ iwk¥i e¨vÛ •`‡N©ï cv_©K¨ ch©v‡jvPbv
K‡i K¨vÝvi †iv‡Mi c~e©vfvm, eZ©gvb Ae¯v, cÖwZwbqZ †Kvl e„w×i nvi ev cwigvY Ges Gi cÖwZ‡iva Kiv m¤¢e|
 eY©vwji gva¨‡g mwVK Z_¨ t wUmyï wewfbœ RwUj †ivM I †ivMvµvšÍ ¯v‡bi mwVK Ae¯vb wbY©‡q Ae‡jvwnZ iwk¥i eY©vwji eënvi w`b w`b e¨vcK †_‡K
e¨vcKZi e„w× cv‡”Q| wc‡Ëi cv_i I Gi Ae¯vb wbY©‡q Ae‡jvwnZ iwk¥i †kvlY eY©vwj I wbM©gb eY©vwji gva¨‡g mwVK Z_¨ cvIqv hvq|
 wbfz©j wPwKrmv `vb c×wZ tdzwiqvi UªvÝdg© Ae‡jvwnZ iwk¥ (FTIR) Gi eY©vwj eënvi K‡i †`‡ni wewfbœ ¯v‡bi ÿZ Ges Gme ÿ‡Zi KviY¯îƒc wewfbœ
AYyRx‡ei DrcwË I esk we¯Ív‡ii †K․kj wbY©q c×wZ Avwe®‥…Z n‡q‡Q|
 wKWwbmn Ab¨vb¨ wUmyï cv_‡ii DrcwË¯‡ji KviY wb‡`©kbv t wKWwbmn Ab¨vb¨ wUmyï MVb, AvKvi, Ae¯vb wbY©‡q Ae‡jvwnZ iwk¥‡K eënvi Kiv n‡q
_v‡K| dzwiqvi UªvÝdig Ae‡jvwnZ iwk¥ (FTIR) eY©vwj eënvi K‡i kix‡ii wewfbœ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© A‡½i g‡a¨ Drcbœ RwUj cv_‡ii AvYweK MVb I Dcv`v‡bi
Kvh©Kix aviYv cvIqv hvq|
 wewfbœ cwigvY wfwËK wPwKrmv t wewfbœ cwigvY wfwËK wPwKrmv †hgb- Wvqv‡ewUm †iv‡M AvµvšÍ †ivMxi †`‡ni i³, i‡³i Møy‡KvR I BDwi‡bi Møy‡Kv‡Ri
cwigvY wbY©‡q Ae‡jvwnZ iwk¥i e¨vcK eënvi i‡q‡Q|
 Item-09: †ivM wbY©‡q MRI (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING) :(Written & MCQ)
Avwe®‥viK Paul C. Lauterbur I Peter Mansfield (GRb¨ Zviv 2003 mv‡j †bv‡ej cyi®‥vi cvb|)
G c×wZ‡Z MRI †gwk‡b kw³kvjx †P․¤^K‡ÿÎ (magnetic field) I †iwWI-Zi½‣`‡N©ï kw³i cÖfv‡e gvbe †`‡ni Amy¯ †Kv‡l NMR
Kvh©KvwiZv cigvYyhy³ cvwbi NbgvÎvi wfbœZvi Ici wbf©i K‡i wewfbœ ZË¡ ev AM©vb Gi wÎgvwÎK (3D) wWwRUvj Qwe †`Lv hvq| G wÎgvwÎK Qwe‡K MRI
e‡j|
(i) NMR cigvYyi wbDwK¬qv‡mi we‡Rvo msL¨K †cÖvU‡bi ev wbDUª‡bi (1H, 13C, 19F) Pz¤^Kxq AbyiYb ev
g¨vM‡bwUK †i‡Rvb¨v‡Ýi Ici wfwË K‡i MRI c×wZ cÖwZwôZ|
(ii) cvwbi AYyi H cigvYy (1H) n‡jv we‡Rvo †cÖvUbhy³ MRI m„wóKvix NMR cigvYy| cÖwZwU H cigvYyi
1 1
†cÖvU‡bi w¯ú‡bi + 2 A_ev – 2 gvb _v‡K|
NMR wmMb¨vj
(iii) ewnt¯ Pz¤^K †ÿ‡Îi (H0) cÖfv‡e H cigvYyi wbDwK¬qvm¸‡jv `ywU kw³ ¯Í‡i web¨¯Í nq| GKwU ¯Íi
kw³ 
ewnt¯ †P․¤^K‡ÿÎ eivei web¨¯Í _v‡K| Kg kw³¯Íi hy³ parallel-spin Gi wbDwK¬qvm ( ¯Íi)|
g~jbxwZ
AciwU ewnt¯ †P․¤^K‡ÿ‡Îi wecix‡Z D”P kw³¯Íi hy³ anti parallel spin-Gi wbDwK¬qvm ( ¯Íi)
iƒ‡c _v‡K|
(iv) Dfq kw³¯Í‡ii cv_©K¨ E = ( – ) = h ; MRI cixÿvi bgybv gvbylwUi gw¯Í‡®‥i ga¨ w`‡q H †P․¤^K‡ÿÎ, H0 
Dchy³ kw³i Zwor Pz¤^Kxq wewKiY cÖfvweZ Ki‡j wb¤œ kw³¯Í‡i _vKv H cigvYyi wbDwK¬qvm kw³
†kvlY K‡i D”P kw³¯Í‡i A¨vw›U c¨viv‡ej w¯úbhy³ Ae¯v jvf K‡i|
(v) †iwWI Zi½ cÖevn eÜ Ki‡j H †kvwlZ kw³ wewKiY K‡i †cÖvUb mg~n cybivq wb¤œkw³i c¨viv‡i‡j
w¯úbhy³ n‡q GKwU wmMb¨vj m„wó K‡i|
wbf©iZv MR-Image Gi gvb wbf©i K‡i-(i)†i‡Rvb¨vÝ m„wóKvix wbDwK¬qv‡mi ¯^w¯ÍKvj (Tr) Ges (ii) †i‡Rvb¨vÝ m„wóKvix wbDwK¬qv‡mi NbgvÎviDci
MRI †gwk‡b kw³kvjx Pz¤^K _v‡K; ZvB Heart pacemaker ev K…wÎg ü`¯ú›`b hš¿ eënviKvix †ivMxi †ÿ‡Î MRI Kiv hv‡e bv| GQvov
mZK©Zv
kÖe‡Y mvnvh¨Kvix avZe hš¿ I †h‡Kv‡bv avZe c`v_© Ly‡j MRI Ki‡Z nq|

SAQ
Broad Ans Question
cÖkœ-1 : H eY©vjxi wewfbœ wmwi‡Ri bvg wjL| [DU.2019-20]
DËi: (i) jvB‡gb (ii) evgvi (iii) c¨v‡ðb (iv) eª¨v‡KU (v) dzÛ (vi) nvgwd«R|
cÖkœ-2 : IR (Infra-Red) ev Ae‡jvwnZ eY©vjx ej‡Z wK eyS? wPwKrmv †¶‡Î IR iwk¥i eënvi D‡jøL Ki| [JnU.2018-19]
DËi : Zwor Pz¤^Kxq eY©vjxi †h As‡ki Zi½‣`‡N©ï cwimi 780nm – 1000m ev 1mm Zv‡K Ae‡jvwnZ eY©vjx e‡j|
IR iwk¥i eënvi : (i) K¨vÝvi wbY©‡q (ii) gw¯Í‡Ki †ivM wbY©‡q (iii) wdwRI‡_ivwc‡Z
cÖkœ-3 : †d¬v‡i‡mÝ dm‡dvi Kx? D`vniY `vI|
DËi : †h mKj ivmvqwbK e¯‧ 91.9-121.6nm Zi½ •`‡N©ï Av‡jv †kvlY Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv‡ì‡K Abycf Ö v ev †d¬v‡iv‡mÝ dm‡dvi e¯‧ e‡j| †hgb: BUwiqvg
A·vBW I BD‡ivwcqvg Avqb Y2O3, Eu3+
cÖk-œ 4 : (a) Zwor Pz¤^Kxq eY©vwji wewfbœ AÂ‡ji †Kvb iwk¥¸‡jv wb¤œwjwLZ Kv‡R eëüZ nq? [BUET.2018-19]
(i) WiFi (iii) Detecting fake currency (iv) Optical fiber communication (v) MRI machine
(b) ‡Zvgvi DË‡ii iwk¥¸‡jv‡K Zv‡ì Zi½‣`‡N©ï wb¤œZi µgvbymv‡i mvwR‡q wjL|
DËi : (a) QUESTION ANSWER
(i) WiFi gvB‡µvI‡qf
(iii) Detecting fake currency AwZ‡e¸bx iwk¥
(iv) Optical fiber communication `„k¨gvb Av‡jv
(v) MRI machine †iwWI Zi½
DËi : (b) ‡iwWI I‡qf > gvB‡µvI‡qf > `„k¨gvb Av‡jv > AwZ‡e¸bx iwk¥
cÖkœ-5 : eY©vjx gvcvi hš¿wUi bvg wK? [IU.2018-19]
DËi : †¯úK‡UªvwgUvi
cÖkœ-6 : Zi½ •`N©¨ Kv‡K e‡j? ZworPz¤^Kxq eY©vjx Gi wewfbœ AÂ‡ji bvg I Zv‡ì Zi½•`N©¨ wjL| [JnU.2018-19]
DËi : CONCEPT-07 : Item-02
cÖkœ-7 : IR ev Ae‡jvwnZ eY©vjx ej‡Z wK eyS? wPwKrmv †¶‡Î IR iwk¥i eënvi D‡jøL Ki| [JnU.2018-19]
DËi : CONCEPT-07: Item-02+10
cÖkœ-8 : wkLv cixÿvq Mvp HCl eënvi Kiv nq †Kb? [iv.‡ev, Kz.‡ev, P.‡ev, e.‡ev.2018; P.‡ev.2016; Xv.‡ev.2017, 2015]
DËi : avZe jeYmg~n AbyØvqx ev Kg DØvqx| wkLv cixÿvq Mvp HCl eënvi Ki‡j avZe jeYmg~n Mvp HCl Gi mv‡_ wewµqv K‡i avZe †K¬vivBW je‡Y
cwiYZ nq| avZe †K¬vivBW jeY Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e AwaK DØvqx| G‡K eyb‡mb evb©v‡ii RviY wkLvq ai‡j mn‡RB ev‡®ú cwiYZ nq Ges wkLvi e‡Y©i
cwieZ©b nq| A_©vr AbyØvqx jeY‡K DØvqx je‡Y cwiYZ Ki‡Z HCl eënvi Kiv nq|
cÖkœ-9 : †bm&jvi `ªeb Kx? [iv.‡ev. 2017]
DËi : ÿvi hy³ cUvwkqvg †UUªv Av‡qv‡Wv gviwKD‡iU Gi `ªeY‡K (K2[Hg I4]) †bmjvi weKviK e‡j|

STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION e¨vL¨v: UV – Vis ‡¯úK‡Uªv‡¯‥v‡ci eënvi t (1) cÖavbZ bgybv `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv
wbY©q (2) •Re †h․‡Mi Kvh©Kixg~jK wbY©q (3) Kve©b wkK‡j _vKv GKK,
DU
wØeÜb ev KbRy‡M‡UW wØeÜb wbY©q| (4) Kve©b wkK‡ji GKvšÍi wØeÜ‡b
01. MRI h‡š¿i mvnv‡h¨ gvbe‡`‡ni †ivM wbY©‡q †Kvb †g․jwUi f~wgKv i‡q‡Q?
[DU. 2019-20] _vKv cÖwZ¯vcK I Gi msL¨v wbY©q Ges (5) A¨v‡iv‡gwUK †h․‡M Dcw¯Z
A. Neon B. Oxygen C. Hydrogen D. Silicon wØeÜb msL¨v G c×wZ‡Z wbY©q Kiv hvq|
mwVK DËi: C. Hydrogen 04. wkLv cixÿvq ‡Kvb ‡g․jwU ‡mvbvjx njy` wkLv cÖ`k©b K‡i?
e¨vL¨v: cigvYyi †P․¤^K ag© Kv‡R jvwM‡q wPwKrmv NMR c×wZ cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq| [DU. 2015-16, JSTU.16-17,JnU.2017-18, Xv.‡ev. 2015; P.‡ev. 2016]
H cigvYy NMR mwµq cigvYy KviY Gi wbDwK¬qv‡m GKwU AhyMj †cÖvUb A. Copper B. Chromium C. Sodium D. Calcium
Av‡Q d‡j Gi GKgyLx w¯úwbs‡K cÖkwgZ Kivi gZ Avi GKwU †cÖvUb †bB| mwVK DËi: C. Sodium
ZvB H cigvYy Pz¤^K wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i GRb¨ NMR ev MRI c×wZ‡Z H2 e¨vL¨v: Na‡mvbvjx njy`, K †e¸Yx, CaB‡Ui b¨vq jvj, Cs bxj
cigvYy eënvi Kiv nq| 05. wb‡gœi wewKiY¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †KvbwUi Zi½‣`N©¨ me‡P‡q Kg?
[DU.2014-15,JUST.2016-17]
02 wb‡Pi †Kvb Av‡jvKiwk¥i Zi½ •`N©¨ me‡P‡q eo? [DU-Ka.2017-18]
A. X–ray B. UV C. -ray D. Infra-red
A. Gamma ray B. Microwave C.Visible ray D. X-ray
mwVK DËi: B. Microwave mwVK DËi: C. -ray
e¨vL¨v:
e¨vL¨v: Cosmic <-ray<x-ray<UV<visible<IR<Microwave
03. UV – Vis ‡¯úK‡Uªv‡¯‥v‡ci eënvi bq †KvbwU? [DU. 2017-18] Cosmic –ray x–ray UV Visible IR Micro- Radio
A. bgybv `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv wbY©q ray wave wave
B. ‣Re †h․‡Mi Kvh©Kix g~jK wbY©q Zi½ •`N¨© ev‡o
C. Kve©b wkK‡j _vKv KbRy‡M‡UW wØ-eÜb wbY©q  Zi½ •`N¨© me‡P‡q Kg|  Zi½ •`N¨© me‡P‡q ‡ekx|
D. A¨vwj‡dwUK †h․‡Mi P‡µ Dcw¯Z wØ-eÜ‡bi msL¨v wbY©q|  kw³ me‡P‡q †ewk|  kw³ me‡P‡q Kg|
mwVK DËi: D. A¨vwj‡dwUK †h․‡Mi P‡µ Dcw¯Z wØ-eÜ‡bi msL¨v wbY©q| 
06. nvB‡Wªv‡R‡bi cvigvYweK eY©vjxi †Kvb& wmwiRwU‡Z `„k¨gvb AÂ‡ji iwk¥ e¨vL¨v: iwk¥ eënvi
†`Lv hvq? [DU. 2012-2013, w`.‡ev. 2016, h.‡ev. 2015] Far IR †`‡n Avivg`vqK DòZv †`q, †k¦Z-KwYKv I †ivM
A. Paschen B. Lyman C. Balmer D. Brackett cÖwZ‡iva kw³ e„w×, †`n‡Kvl I wUmyï e„w× K‡i|
mwVK DËi: C. Balmer Near IR i‡³ wn‡gv‡Møvwe‡b †kvwlZ O2 Gi cwigvY wbY©q,
07. †Kvb B‡jKUªwbK ¯vbvšÍ‡ii d‡j nvB‡Wªv‡Rb eY©vjxi evgvi wmwi‡Ri 4th Cortex Gi Kvh© c×wZ wbY©q CT Scanning G|
jvB‡bi m„wó nq? [DU. 2006-2007, PSTU- 17-18] Midde IR •Re †h․‡Mi Kvh©Kixg~jK kbv³KiY Kiv nq|
A. n = 6 to n = 2 B. n = 5 to n = 2
C. n = 4 to n = 1 D. n = 4 to n = 0 03. †gwW‡Kj B‡gwRs G †Kvb iwk¥ eëüZ nq? [JU-A, Set-D. 2019-20]
mwVK DËi: A. n = 6 to n = 2 A. IR iwk¥ B. UV iwk¥ C. †iwWI iwk¥ D. X-iwk¥
e¨vL¨v: PgK: Zg jvBb = n1-n2 (n1>n2, n  0) = 6-2 = 4th jvBb mwVK DËi: A. IR iwk¥
08. wkLv cixÿvq Lvwj †Pv‡L B‡Ui gZ jvj wkLv †`Lv hvq Ñ e¨vL¨v: ‡gwW‡Kj B‡gwRs, DOT c×wZ, wdwRI‡_ivcx Ges i³ mÂvjb e„w×i
[DU.1995-96; BMSTU.Ka. 2016-17, iv.‡ev. 2016, P.‡ev. 2015] Rb¨ IR iwk¥ eënvi Kiv nq|
A. Na+ B. K+ C. Sr2+ D. Ca2+ 04. wkLv cixÿvq nj‡`‡U meyR is w`‡j jeYwU‡Z Dcw¯Z-
mwVK DËi: D. Ca2+ [JU. 2019-20; NU. 2012-2013; Xv.‡ev. 2019]
A. Calcium B. Potassium C. Barium D. Sodium
JnU
mwVK DËi: C. Barium
01. ‡e¸Yx iwk¥i Zi½ •`N©¨ KZ? [JnU-A.2017-18]
05. wkLv cix¶vq B‡Ui gZ jvj wkLv cÖ`k©b K‡i †Kvb †g․jwU?
A. 570-590 nm B. 450-500nm C.500-570nm D. 400-450nm
[JU 2019-20; DU-Projukti. 2019-20]
mwVK DËi: D. 400-450nm A. Na B. K C. Ca D. Cu
02. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wkLv cixÿvq †Kvb eY© cÖ`vb K‡i bv? [JnU-Ka. 2016-17] mwVK DËi: C. Ca
A. K+ B. Ca2+ C. Cu2+ D. Mg2+ 06. –––nm Zi½ •`‡N©ï iwk¥ cvm‡cvU© kbv³KiY †gwk‡bi eëüZ nq|
2+
mwVK DËi: D. Mg [JU-A.2019-20]
e¨vL¨v: Be I Mg cigvYy¸‡jv ZzjbvgyjK fv‡e ÿz`ª nIqvq Zv‡ì wbDwK¬qvm A. 110 – 225 B. 80–228 C. 380–365 D. 230–375
Øviv B‡jKUªb `„pfv‡e AvK…ó _v‡K| ZvB wkÿv cixÿvq D³ cigvYy mwVK DËi: D. 230–375
Avq‡bi (Be2+,Mg2+) B‡jKUªb D”PZi kw³¯Í‡i DwbœZ nq bv d‡j Zvi e¨vL¨v: 230–375 nm Zi½ •`N©ï UV iwk¥ UvKv/cvm‡cvU© kbv³Ki‡Y eëüZ
wkLv cixÿvi eY© cÖ`k©b K‡i bv| nq|
03. wkLv cixÿvi gva¨‡g wewfbœ avZe ‡g․j kbv³ Ki‡Z ‡h Gwm‡W cøvwUbvg 07. e¨_v Dckg I ¯œvqyZ‡š¿i cybM©V‡bi †ÿ‡Î eëüZ iwk¥ †KvbwU?
Zvi wfwR‡q ‡bqv nq- [JnU. 2015-16] [JU-D: 2019-20]
A. HNO3 B. H2SO4 C. HCl D. CH3COOH A. Near – IR B. Middle – IR C. Far – IR D. UV – ray
mwVK DËi: C. HCl mwVK DËi: C. Far – IR
e¨vL¨v: s-eøK avZyi ‡K¬vivBW jeY mg~n eyb‡mb `xc wkLvq DØvqx Ges Aby¾¡j 08. `„k¨gvb Av‡jvi m‡e©v”P Zi½ •`‡N©ï iwk¥ †KvbwU? [JU-D,Set-B: 2018-19]
A. †e¸wb B. bxj C. jvj D. meyR
eY©nxb wkLvq wewfbœ •ewkó¨gyjK eY© m„wó K‡i| ZvB cixÿvMv‡i ÿvi I
g„rÿvi avZzi †h․M‡K Mvp HCl –G wm³ K‡i eyb‡mb `xc wkLvq DËß mwVK DËi: C. jvj
Ki‡j †h․MwU DØvqx avZe †K¬vivB‡W cwiYZ nq| e¨vL¨v: `„k¨gvb Av‡jvi Zi½ •`N©¨ t 380-780 nm
04. wkLv cixÿvq (Flame test) Kcvi †Kvb iO (Color) †`q? me‡P‡q †ekx jvj 780 nm Ges me‡P‡q Kg †e¸bx 380 nm
[JnU: 2013-14; JU. 2018-19] 09. NMR- Gi c~Y©v½ iƒc †KvbwU? [JU-D3.2017-18]
A. Green B. Violet C. Crimson D.Magenta A. Nucleus Magnetic Resonance
mwVK DËi: A. Green B. Nuclear Measuring Resonance
05. wb‡gœi †Kvb jeYwU wkLv cixÿvq †e¸Yx is †`Lv‡e? [JnU. 2009-2010;RU.08-09] C. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
A. NaCl B. KCl C. SrCl2 D. Ba(NO3)2 D. Nuclear Molecular Resonance
mwVK DËi: B. KCl mwVK DËi: C. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
06. gvB‡µvI‡qf wd«‡Kv‡qwÝ †Kvb ai‡Yi MwZ‡K D‡ËwRZ K‡i? [JnU. 08-09] 10. ‡Kvb †ÿ‡Î IR iwk¥ eëüZ nq? [JU-D9.2017-18]
A. ¯vbv¼KiY MwZ B. N~Y©b MwZ A. ‡k¦Z KwYKv e„w×i wPwKrmvq B. K¨vÝvi kbv³Ki‡Y
C. K¤úb MwZ D. B‡jKUª‡bi w¯úb‡K DëvBqv †Ìqv C. nvo †Rvov jvMv‡Z D. i³Pvc wba©vi‡Y
mwVK DËi: A. ¯vbv¼KiY MwZ mwVK DËi: B. K¨vÝvi kbv³Ki‡Y
e¨vL¨v: wPKrmv‡ÿ‡Î IR iwk¥i eënvi|
JU
1. K¨vÝvi wbY©‡q 2. †÷ªvK wPwKrmvq 3. gw¯Í‡®‥i †ivM wPwKrmvq 4. wdwRI‡_ivwc‡Z
01. †Kvb iwk¥ cÖ‡qvM K‡i gw¯Í‡®‥i i‡³i wn‡gv‡Møvwe‡b †kvwlZ O2 Gi gvÎv
11. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi B‡jKUªb, kw³ nvwi‡q hw` Z…Zxq kw³ ¯Í‡i wd‡i Av‡m
cwigvc Kiv nq? [JU-D, Set-A. 2019-20]
Z‡e eY©vjxi †iLv¸‡jv‡K e‡j- [JU.2013-2014]
A. Near-IR B. Middle-IR C. Far-IR D. MRI
mwVK DËi: A. Near-IR A. jvBg¨vb eY©vjx B. evgvi eY©vjx
02. i‡³i †k¦Z KwYKv e„w× I †ivM cÖwZ‡ivaK kw³ e„w×‡Z mnvqZv K‡i- C. c¨v‡ðb eY©vjx D. dyÛ eY©vjx
[JU-A, Set-A. 2019-20] mwVK DËi: C. c¨v‡ðb eY©vjx
A. near IR B. middle IR C. far IR D. UV e¨vL¨v: B‡jKUªb †h‡nZz Z…Zxq kw³¯Í‡i wd‡i G‡m‡Q ZvB Z…Zxq kw³¯Í‡ii
mwVK DËi: C. far IR eY©vjxwmwi‡Ri bvg c¨v‡ðb eY©vjx wmwiR|
12. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi B‡jKUªb, kw³ nvwi‡q hw` PZz_© kw³ ¯Í‡i wd‡i Av‡m 10. AwZ‡e¸bx I Ae‡jvwnZ Av‡jvi Zi½ •`N©¨ h_vµ‡g- [RU.2008-2009]
Z‡e eY©vjxi †iLv¸‡jv‡K e‡j- [JU. 2011-2012] A. <4000Å I >7000 Å B. 2.2×106 Å
A. eª¨v‡KU eY©vjx B. c¨v‡ðb eY©vjx C. dyÛ eY©vjx D. evgvi eY©vjx C. 500 Å I >650 Å D. ‡KvbwUB bq
mwVK DËi: A. eª¨v‡KU eY©vjx mwVK DËi: A. <4000 Å I >7000 Å
e¨vL¨v: B‡jKUªb †h‡nZz PZz_© kw³¯Í‡i wd‡i G‡m‡Q ZvB PZz_© kw³¯Í‡ii eY©vjx 11. Av‡jvi †Kvqv›Uvg Z‡Ë¡i cÖe³v- [RU.2007-2008]
wmwi‡Ri bvg eª¨v‡KU eY©vjx wmwiR| A. iv`vi‡dvW© B. g¨v· cøvsK C. g¨v·I‡qj D. AvBbóvBb
13. `xc wkLvq ÷ªbwmqvg wb‡gœv³ †Kvb eY© Drcbœ K‡i? [JU. 2012-2013] mwVK DËi: B. g¨v· cøvsK
A. B‡Ui gZ jvj B. UKU‡K jvj
CU
C. KuvPv Av‡c‡ji gZ meyR D. †KvbwUB bq
01. SrCO3 wkLv cixÿvq Kx iO †`Lvq? [CU-A.2019-20]
mwVK DËi: B. UKU‡K jvj
A. m~h©v‡¯Íi g‡Zv jvj B. †e¸wb C. meyR D. bxj
RU
01. B‡jKUªb mg~n wØZxq kw³¯Í‡i wd‡i Avm‡j eY©vjx‡Z †h †iLv †`Lv †`q
mwVK DËi: A. m~h©v‡¯Íi g‡Zv jvj
Zvi bvg- [RU-Science-2,Set-3: 2018-19]
02. †Kvb GwmWwU wkLv cix¶vq eëüZ nq? [CU. 2019-20]
A. dvÛ B. jvBg¨vb C. c¨v‡ðb D. evgvi A. conc. H2SO4 B. dil. H2SO4

mwVK DËi: D. evgvi C. conc. HCl D. dil. HCl
mwVK DËi: C. conc. HCl
e¨vL¨v: n = 1 ev 1g kw³¯Í‡i - jvB‡gb wmwiR; n = 2 ev 2q kw³¯Í‡i-evgvi wmwiR
02. Li2+ Avq‡bi eY©vjx †KvbwUi eY©vjxi gZ? [RU-Science-2,Set-3: 2018-19]
e¨vL¨v: wkLv cixÿvq Mvp HCl eënvi Kiv nq KviY avZe †K¬vivBW DØvqx nq
A. Ne B. Be C. He D. H Ges avZzwU cieZ©x‡Z wkLv‡Z ai‡j eY© cÖ`k©b K‡i|
mwVK DËi: D. H 03. nvB‡Wªv‡R‡bi cigvYy eY©vjx‡Z †Kvb wmwi‡Ri jvBb †`Lv hvq bv? [CU-A.2017-18]
e¨vL¨v: ‡evi cigvYy g‡Wj ïaygvÎ GK B‡j±ªb wewkó¨ H cigvYy ev Avqb †hgb- A. _gmb wmwiR B. c¨v‡ðb wmwiR
2+ 3+
Li , Be Avq‡bi †iLv eY©vjxi ï× e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z mÿg| C. eªv‡KU wmwiR D. dzÛ wmwiR
03. MRI Kx? [RU-Science-2,Set-3: 2018-19, e.‡ev. 2015] mwVK DËi: A. _gmb wmwiR
A. †P․¤^Kxq Ae‡jvwnZ cÖwZ”Qwe B. †P․¤^Kxq AbyiYb cÖwZ”Qwe e¨vL¨v: H cigvYyi eY©vjx‡Z jvBg¨vb, evgvi, c¨v‡ðb, eª¨v‡KU, dzÛ I nvgwd«m
C. wbDwK¬qvi †P․¤^Kxq AbyiYb D. †P․¤^Kxq †iwWI cÖwZ”Qwe wmwiR †`Lv hvq|
mwVK DËi: B. †P․¤^Kxq AbyiYb cÖwZ”Qwe 04. je‡Y we`¨gvb avZe-Avqb kbv³Ki‡Y AwMœ-wkLv cixÿvq Nb HCl
e¨vL¨v: MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging ev †P․¤^Kxq AbyiYb cÖwZ”Qwe| eënv‡ii KviY wK? [CU-G. 2016-17]
04. †cÖvwUb we‡køl‡Y wb‡¤œi †Kvb Zi½‣`‡N©ï AwZ‡e¸bx iwk¥ eëüZ nq? A. avZz‡K mn‡R `ªe‡Y cwiYZ Kiv
[RU-Science,Set-1: 2018-19]
A. 240 – 280 nm B. 200 – 400 nm B. A¤øxq gva¨‡g wkLv cixÿvi djvdj fv‡jv nq
C. 270 – 360 nm D. 280 – 400 nm C. avZe Avq‡bi †K¬vivBW je‡Y cwiYZ Kiv
mwVK DËi: C. 270 – 360 nm D. Ab¨ GwmW A‡cÿv HCl m¯Ív
e¨vL¨v: AwZ †e¸bx iwk¥ (UV) AÂj 10nm _ 380nm mwVK DËi: C. avZe Avq‡bi †K¬vivBW je‡Y cwiYZ Kiv
05. AwZ‡e¸bx Av‡jvi Zi½ •`‡N©ï mxgv- [RU-H1.2017-18] e¨vL¨v: ÿvi avZz I g„rÿvi avZzi †h․M‡K Mvp HCl G wm³ K‡i eyb‡mb Øxc
A. 0.4nm - 0.7 nm B. 4000Å-7000Å wkLvq DËß Ki‡j avZe †h․MwU DØvqx avZe †K¬vivB‡W cwiYZ nq|
C. 4 m-7m D. †KvbwUB bq 05. ‡ivM wbY©‡q MRI cixÿvi g~jbxwZi mv‡_ wb‡Pi ‡Kvb eY©vwjwgwZwU
mwVK DËi: D. †KvbwUB bq
mv`„k¨c~Y©? [CU. 2015-16]
e¨vL¨v: UV-Av‡jvi Zi½ •`N©¨ 10nm-380nm ev, 100Å-3800Å
A. Gb. Gg. Avi B. B.Gm. Avi
06. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb eY©vjx‡Z `„k¨gvb AÂ‡j Aew¯Z wmwiRwUi bvg-
[RU-C.16-17; NU 13-14; BUET 06-07]
C. B‡jKUªbxq D. AveZ©bxq E. igb
A. jvB‡gb B. eªv‡KU C. c¨v‡ðb D. evgvi mwVK DËi: A. Gb. Gg. Avi
mwVK DËi: D. evgvi e¨vL¨v: gvbe †`‡ni KwZcq †ivM wbY©‡q ÔPz¤^Kxq AYyyiYb cÖwZ”QweÕ (Magnetic
07. D”P kw³¯Íi ‡_‡K n=2 kw³¯Í‡i B‡jKUªb wd‡i Avm‡j nvB‡Wªv‡R‡bi Resonance Imaging ev MRI) ev GKwU eûj eëüZ c×wZ| GwU •Re
cvigvYweK eY©vjx‡Z †h wmwiR cvIqv hvq Zvi bvgÑ [RU-H.2016-17] imvq‡bi me©vwaK RbwcÖq c×wZ| wbDwK¬qvi Pz¤^K AYyiYb (Nuclear
A. jvB‡gb B. evgvi C. c¨v‡ðb D. eªv‡KU Magnetic Resonance, NMR) cÖwµqvi bxwZi Dci cÖwZwôZ| MRI
mwVK DËi: B. evgvi †gwk‡b nvo ev‡` mKj big wUmyï wPÎ aviY Kiv nq|
e¨vL¨v: B‡jKUªb mg~n hw` kw³ wewKiY K‡i 1g kw³¯Í‡i Av‡m ZLb jvB‡gb KU
wmwi‡Ri m„wó nq| hLb 2q kw³¯Í‡i Av‡m ZLb evgvi wmwi‡Ri m„wó nq| 01. AwZ‡e¸bx iwk¥i †Kvb Zi½ e¨vwß (b¨v‡bvwgUvi) WªvM mbv³Ki‡Y eëüZ
08. Na Gi wkLv cixÿvq KZ Zi½‣`‡N©i eY©vjx m„wó nq? [RU-2016-17; e.‡ev. 2015]
nq? [KU. 2019-20; BU. 2015-16]
A. 690nm B. 590 nm C. 560 nm D. 366 nm
A. 200-400 B. 230-380 C. 270-360 D. 300-320
mwVK DËi: B. 590 nm
09. B‡jKUªb 2p †_‡K 3s kw³¯Í‡i ¯vbvšÍ‡ii d‡j Av‡jvK iwk¥ wnmv‡e kw³-
mwVK DËi: A. 200-400
[RU. 2012-13] 02. Rvj UvKv kbv³Ki‡Y †KvbwU eëüZ nq?
A. wewKwiZ nq B. †kvwlZ ev wewKwiZ nq bv [KU-A,Set-Kha:2018-19; DAT. 2019-20; Xv./P. †ev. 2017, Kz./h. †ev. 2016]
C. bZzb ai‡bi cigvYy m„wó nq D. †kvwlZ nq A. G·‡i B. Mvgv iwk¥ C. AwZ‡e¸bx iwk¥ D. Ae‡jvwnZ iwk¥
mwVK DËi: D. †kvwlZ nq mwVK DËi: C. AwZ‡e¸bx iwk¥
e¨vL¨v: B‡jKUªb wb‡Pi ¯Íi †_‡K Dc‡ii ¯Í‡i †M‡j Av‡jvKiwk¥ †kvwlZ nq| e¨vL¨v: Rvj cvm‡cvU© I bKj UvKv kbv³Ki‡Y UV iwk¥ eëüZ nq|
03. Rvj cvm‡cvU© kbv³Ki‡Y †Kvb iwk¥ eëüZ nq? ASPECT SERIES 
[KU-Rx:A: 2016-17; JUST
RU. 2015-16; PUST. 2016-17; BSMRSTU. 2017-18 Kz.‡ev. 2016; h.‡ev. 2016] 01. GKwU wewKwiZ iwk¥i Zi½‣`N©¨ 530nm n‡j Gi eY©vjx wK i‡Oi n‡e?
A. UV B. X-ray C. Gamma D. Infrared [JUST-A: 2018-19]
mwVK DËi: A. UV A. jvj B. Avmgvbx C. njy` D. meyR
e¨vL¨v: RvjUvKv/ cvm‡cvU© kbv³Ki‡Y  UV, wPwKrmv‡ÿ‡Î  IR, X-ray mwVK DËi: D. meyR
04. Lvwj †Pv‡L cUvwkqvg Avq‡bi •ewkó¨g~jK wkLv eY© †KvbwU? e¨vL¨v: `„k¨gvb Av‡jvi Zi½ •`N©¨ t 380-780 nm
[JUST 2019-20; KU-Rx:A: 2016-17, wm./Kz. †ev. 2017, w`. †ev. 2015]
‡e¸bx 380-424nm njy` 575-590nm
A. D¾¡j njy` B. bxjvf meyR C. nvjKv †e¸wb D. †Mvjvcx jvj
mwVK DËi: C. nvjKv †e¸wb bxj 424-450nm Kgjv 590-647nm
05. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi B‡jKUªb 4_©, 5g, 6ô, 7g kw³¯Íi n‡Z Z…Zxq kw³¯Í‡i Avmgvbx 450-500nm jvj 647-780nm
¯vbvšÍ‡ii d‡j †Kvb wmwiR Gi †iLv eY©vjx cvIqv hvq? [KU-Rx:A: 2016-17] meyR 500-575nm
A.evgvi B. c¨v‡ðb C. eªv‡KU D. jvB‡gb 02. nvB‡Wª v‡Rb eY©vjx n‡”Q- [JUST.2017-18,HSTU-B.2017-18]
mwVK DËi: B. c¨v‡ðb A. wewKiY eY© v jx B. ‡kvlY eY©vjx
e¨vL¨v: n2 = 4,5.6, 7, 8 ..... n1 = 3 ZLb c¨v‡ðb wmwiR | C. K¤úb eY©vjx D. wbDwK¬I †P․¤^K AbyiYb eY©vjx
06. wb‡Pi †Kvb avZzwU Øxc wkLvq UKU‡K jvj eY© m„wó K‡i? [KU. 2015-16] mwVK DËi: A. wewKiY eY© v jx
A. K¨vjwmqvg B. ÷ªwÝqvg C. †mvwWqvg D. cUvwmqvg e¨vL¨v: nvB‡Wªv‡Rb eY©vjx n‡”Q wewKiY eY©vjx| KviY, GLv‡b wewfbœ D”P
mwVK DËi: B. ÷ªwÝqvg kw³¯Íi †_‡K B‡jKUªb wb¤œkw³¯Í‡i G‡m kw³ wewKiY K‡i|
07. GKwU †g․‡ji †Kvb •ewkó¨‡K ÔAv½yj QvcÕ wnmv‡e aiv nq? [KU 2014-15] ‡R‡b ivLv fvj: evgvi nvB‡Wªv‡Rb eY©vjx‡Z PviwU †iLvi mÜvb cvb|
A. Atomic spectrum B. Magnetic resonance
C. Color D. Chemical reaction MBSTU
mwVK DËi: A. Atomic spectrum 01. wb‡Pi †Kvb wbDwK¬qvmwU NMR mwµq? [MBSTU-A. 19-20; JUST 19-20]
16 12 32
e¨vL¨v: GKwU †g․‡ji cvigvYweK eY©vwj (Atomic spectrum) •ewkó¨‡K ÔAv½yj A. 8O
B. 6C
C. 16S D. 11H
QvcÕ wnmv‡e aiv nq| 1
mwVK DËi: D. 1H
08. `„k¨gvb Av‡jvi Zi½ •`‡N©ï e¨vwß (range)- 02. wkLv cixÿvq wb‡Pi †Kvb AvqbwU †e¸bx eY© †`Lvq?
[KU. 2012-13, RU.2007-08,JnU.2014-15]
[JUST-C 2019-20; MBSTU-C,Set-2:2018-19;ev.‡ev. 2017; Kz.‡ev. 2015]
A. 400 †_‡K 700 nm B. 400 †_‡K 7000 nm
A. Na+ B. K+ C. Ca2+ D. Cu2+
C. 20 †_‡K 40 nm D. 200 †_‡K 400 nm +
mwVK DËi: B. K
mwVK DËi: A. 400 †_‡K 700 nm
e¨vL¨v: Na+  ‡mvbvjx njy` ; K+ ‡e¸bx
IU
Ca2+ B‡Ui b¨vq jvj ;Cu2+ bxjvf meyR
01. wkLv cix¶vq bxjvf meyR wkLv †`q- [IU-F. 2018-19; DU-7Clg. 2018-20]
A. Kcvi B. K¨vjwmqvg C. †mvwWqvg D. cUvwmqvg BSMRSTU
mwVK DËi: A. Kcvi 01. iÄb iwk¥i Zi½ •`N¨© KZ? [BSMRSTU:2018-19]
02. cigvYyi †h a‡g©i Dci NMR wbf©i K‡i- [IU. 2014-15; NSTU-A 2019-20] A. <0.00005nm B. 0.005-0.10nm C. 0.1-10nm D. 10-380nm
A. †P․¤^K B. •e`y¨wZK C. ivmvqwbK D. †ZR¯…xq mwVK DËi: C. 0.1-10nm
mwVK DËi: A. †P․¤^K e¨vL¨v: < 0.00005 nm gnvRvMwZK iwk¥; 0.005 – 0.1nm  Mvgv iwk¥
e¨vL¨v: cigvYyi †P․¤^K a‡g©i Dci NMR wbf©i K‡i| 0.1 – 10 nm  iÄb iwk¥ ;10 – 380nm  AwZ‡e¸wb
03. jvj i‡Oi Av‡jvi Zi½ •`N¨© KZ nm? [IU.2008-09]
02. we`y¨r Pz¤^Kxq wewKi‡Yi me©vwaK Zi½‣`N©¨ cwimi bx‡Pi †KvbwU?
A. 647-700 nm B. 700-500 nm [BSMRSTU-C.2017-18]
C. 350-500 nm D. 640-850 nm A. UV iwk¥ B. X iwk¥ C. IR iwk¥ D. ‡Uwjwfkb Zi½
mwVK DËi: A. 647-700 nm mwVK DËi: D. ‡Uwjwfkb Zi½
STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION e¨vL¨v: Zi½ cwÆ Zi½ •`‡N©ï cwimi
SUST ‡eZvi Zi½ 10 m – 5104m
-4
01. GKwU cøvwUbvg Zvi Nb HCI G wfwR‡q cixÿYxq je‡Yi GKwU `vbv Zv‡Z Ae‡jvwnZ iwk¥ (IR) 10-3m – 410-7m
jvwM‡q eyb‡mb `x‡ci RviY wkLvq ai‡j `xcwkLvi eY© Lvwj B‡Ui gZ jvj AwZ †e¸bx (UV) 510-7m – 510-9 m
I eøy Møvm w`‡q †`L‡j meyR eY© †`Lv hvq| GB `xcwkLvi eY©wU †KvbwUi G·-‡i (X-Ray) 510-8m – 510-15 m
03. KZ •`‡N©ï Zi½ wdwRI‡_ivcx‡Z eëüZ nq? [BSMRSTU-A.17-18]
†g․wjK •ewkó¨- [SUST-A.2016-17]
A. 750 – 1400nm B. 8000 – 12000 nm
A. Na B. K C. Ca D. Cu E.Cl C. 3000 – 8000nm D. 1400nm
mwVK DËi: C. Ca mwVK DËi: B. 8000 – 12000 nm
02. `„k¨gvb Av‡jvi Zi½ ‣`‡N¨©i cwimi- 04. RxevYybvkK Kv‡R †Kvb Zi½ •`N©ï Av‡jv eënvi Kiv nq?
[DU Projucti 2019-20; SUST :2007-2008; RU.2008-09] [BMSTU.Ka. 2016-17]
A. 3.9×10-7m ‡_‡K 7.8×10-7 m B. 3.9×10-8 m ‡_‡K 7.8×10-8 m A. 30 nm - 200 nm B. 240 nm - 280 nm
C. 3.9×10-10 m ‡_‡K 7.8×10-10 m D. ‡KvbwUB bv| C. 200 nm - 400 nm D. 270 nm - 360 nm
mwVK DËi: A. 3.9×10-7m †_‡K 7.8×10-7 m mwVK DËi: B. 240 nm - 280 nm
05. B‡jKUªb n = 3 †_‡K n = 2, av‡c ¯vbvšÍi n‡j nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYy e¨vL¨v: wewfbœ avZe †g․‡ji wkLv cixÿvq m„ó eY©:
†_‡K wbM©Z eY©vjx wmwiRwU n‡e Ñ [BMSTU.Ka. 2016-17] avZe †g․j Lvwj †Pv‡L †Kvevë eøy-Møv‡m
A. jvBg¨vb wmwiR B. evgvi wmwiR C. c¨v‡ðb wmwiR D. eªv‡KU wmwiR Cu bxjvf meyR we‡kl eY© †bB
mwVK DËi: B. evgvi wmwiR K nvjKv †e¸wb †Mvjvwc jvj
06. we`y¨r - Pz¤^Kxq wewKi‡Yi me©vwaK Zi½ •`N¨© cwimi †KvbwU? Na †mvbvwj njy` we‡kl eY© †bB
[BMSTU. B. 2016-17]
A. UV- iwk¥ B. X-ray C. Ae‡jvwnZ iwk¥ D. ‡Uwjwfkb Zi½
Ca B‡Ui g‡Zv jvj nvjKv meyR
mwVK DËi: D. ‡Uwjwfkb Zi½ 02. MRI Gi A_© wK? [MAT. 2015-16; RU. 2014-15]
-4
e¨vL¨v: †eZvi Zi½ : 10 m †_‡K 5×10 m 4 A. g¨vM‡bwUK †iwW‡ikb B‡gwRs B. g¨vM‡bwUK †i‡Rv‡bÝ B‡gwRs
-7
X -ray : 5×10 - 5×10 m -15 C. gwjKz jvi †i‡Rv‡bÝ B‡gwRs D. gWvb© †i‡Rv‡bÝ B‡gwRs
07. IR hš¿ eëüZ nq †Kvb gvB‡µv c×wZ‡Z? [BMSTU-C. 2016-17] mwVK DËi : B. g¨vM‡bwUK †i‡Rv‡bÝ B‡gwRs
A. ‡µvgv‡UvMÖvwd B. _v‡g©v A¨vbvjvBwmm C. †¯úK‡Uªv‡gwUª D. †kvlY eY©vjx e¨vL¨v: gvbe †`‡ni KwZcq †ivM wbY©‡q ÔPz¤^Kxq AYyyiYb cÖwZ”QweÕ (Magnetic
mwVK DËi: C. †¯úK‡Uªv‡gwUª Resonance Imaging ev MRI) ev GKwU eûj eëüZ c×wZ| GwU •Re
HSTU imvq‡bi me©vwaK RbwcÖq c×wZ| wbDwK¬qvi Pz¤^K AYyiYb (Nuclear
01. Rvj UvKv kbv³ Kivi Rb¨ KZ Zi½ •`‡N©ï UV iwk¥ eëüZ nq? Resonance Imaging, NRI) cÖwµqvi bxwZi Dci cÖwZwôZ| MRI
[HSTU-A.2017-18] †gwk‡b nvo ev‡` mKj big wUmyï wPÎ aviY Kiv nq|
A. 200-225nm B. 300-350nm C. 230-375nm D. 500nm 03. Bbd«v‡iW Av‡jvi Zi½ •`N©¨ KZ? [MAT. 2014-15]
mwVK DËi: C. 230-375nm A. 0.78μm - 1000μm B. 380μm – 780nm
e¨vL¨v: Rvj UvKv kbv³Ki‡Y 230nm – 375nm Zi½‣`N©ï UV iwk¥ eënvi C. 0.0005nm – 0.10nm D. 1000μm – 100cm
Kiv nq| mwVK DËi: A. 0.78μm - 1000μm
02. ‡µwWU KvW© RvwjqvwZ †iva Kivi Rb¨ †Kvb Dcv`vbhy³ we‡kl KvwV e¨vL¨v: Bbd«v‡iW Av‡jvi Zi½ ‣`N¨© (0.78m –1000m) IR iwk¥ ev
wbivcËv wPý wn‡m‡e eënvi Kiv nq? [HSTU-A.2016-17] Ae‡jvwnZ iwk¥ 3wU As‡k wef³|
A. UV ‡d¬v‡iv‡mÝ B. ‡d¬v‡iv‡mÝ dm‡dvi AÂj/As‡ki bvg Zi½‣`N¨© ()
C. ‡d¬v‡iv‡mÝ D. UV dm‡dvi Near –IR 0.78m–2.5m
mwVK DËi: A. UV ‡d¬v‡iv‡mÝ Middle–IR 2.5m–25m
NSTU Far–IR 25m–1000m
01. wb‡Pi †Kvb Spectroscopic Dcv‡q •Re c`v‡_©i Kvh©Kix g~jK wbiƒcY DAT
DrK…ó? [NSTU-C. 2019-20] 01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU gw¯Í‡®‥i wUDgvi kbv³Ki‡Y me©vwaK eëüZ nq?
A. IR B. Raman C. UV D. X-Ray [DAT. 2019-20]
mwVK DËi: A. IR A. UV B. Radio wave C. IR D. MRI
e¨vL¨v: ‣Re †h․‡Mi Kvh©Kixg~jK kbv³Ki‡Y Middle IR iwk¥ eëüZ nq| mwVK DËi: D. MRI
02. wb‡¤œi †Kvb wmwiRwU nvB‡Wªv‡R‡bi cvigvYweK eY©vwj‡Z cvIqv hvq bv? e¨vL¨v: gvbe‡`‡ni wewfbœ Z‡š¿i wUmyï A¯^vfvweK e„w×RwbZ wUDgvi,
[NSTU-A 2010-11] AvNvZRwbZ Af¨šÍixY i³ÿiY, i³bvwjKv msµvšÍ †ivM I RxevYy
A. jvB‡gb (Lymen) wmwiR B. wiWevM© (Rydberg) wmwiR msµgYRwbZ mgm¨vi †ÿ‡Î MRI eëüZ nq| gw¯Í‡®‥i wUDgvi wbY©‡q
C. dzb&Wm (Fund) wmwiR D. evgvi (Balmer) wmwiR MRI me©vwaK eëüZ nq| GQvov gw¯Í‡®‥i AvNvZ, nvB‡Wªv‡mdvjvm †ivM
mwVK DËi: B. wiWevM© (Rydberg) wmwiR wbY©‡q Gi eënvi i‡q‡Q|
DU Technology 02. Far-IR iwk¥ wb‡Pi †Kvb Kv‡R eëüZ nq? [DAT. 2018-19]
01. `„k¨gvb Av‡jvi Zi½‣`‡N©i cwimi KZ? [DU-Projukti. 2019-20] A. wmwU m‥¨vwbs G B. †e`bv Dck‡g
A. 200 – 389 nm B. 380 –700 nm C. •Re †h․‡Mi Kvh©Kixg~jK kbv³Ki‡Y D. Rvj UvKv kbv³Ki‡Y
C. 700 – 900 nm D. 900 – 1300 nm mwVK DËi: B. †e`bv Dck‡g
mwVK DËi: B. 380 –700 nm e¨vL¨v: Far-IR iwk¥ g~jZ e¨_v-‡e`bv Dckg I ¯œvqy MVb cÖwµqvq DÏxcK
STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION wnmv‡e eëüZ nq| GQvov i‡³i †k^Z KwYKv I †ivM cÖwZ‡ivaK kw³
e„w×‡ZI Far-IR eëüZ nq|
KUET
Board Ques.
01. IR mwµq nIqvi Rb¨ GKwU AYy‡Z wK _vK‡Z n‡e? [KUET-2016-17]
01. wb‡Pi †Kvb wbDwK¬qvmwU NMR mwµq? [Kz.‡ev.2017]
A. AvqwbK eÜb B. D”P j¨vwUm kw³
A. 16
8 O B. 12
6 C
32
C. 16 S D. 11H
C. WvB‡cvj †gv‡g›U D. KvBivj Kve©b E. mgvYyZv
1
mwVK DËi: C. WvB‡cvj †gv‡g›U mwVK DËi: D. 1H
e¨vL¨v: IR mwµq nIqvi kZ©: AYy‡Z ¯vqx WvB‡cvj †gv‡g›U _vK‡e| 
02. Zi½ msL¨v () †Kvb iwk¥i †ÿ‡Î †ewk nq? [e.‡ev.2016]
STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION A. UV B. IR C. red-ray D. X-ray
MAT mwVK DËi: D. X-ray
01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU ‘Flame test’ G ‘Golden yellow’ cÖZxqgvb nq? 03. Amxg `~iZ¡ †_‡K B‡jKUªb 3q †k‡j ¯vbvšÍwiZ n‡j wb‡Pi †Kvb eY©vwj
[MAT. 2019-20] wmwiR Drcbœ nq? [Kz.‡ev.2016]
A. Cu B. K C. Na D. Ca A. c¨v‡ðb B. evgvi C. dzÛ D. eªv‡KU
mwVK DËi: C. Na mwVK DËi: A. c¨v‡ðb
PART-03: we‡kølYx imvqb
 CONCEPT 08 `ªve¨Zv, `ªve¨Zvi ¸Ydj(`ªve¨Zv ¸Yv¼) I `ªve¨Zv bxwZ
 Item-01: `ªve¨Zv (Solubility): AvqwbK †h․M cvwb‡Z `ªexf~Z nq| †Kvb †h․‡Mi `ªeYxqZv †Kgb n‡e Zv wbf©i K‡i †h․‡Mi cÖK…wZi Dci| Avi GB Kvi‡Y
cvwb‡Z wewfbœ AvqwbK †h․‡Mi `ªeYxqZv Zzjbv Kivi Rb¨ `ªve¨Zv c` eënvi Kiv nq| `ªve¨Zv‡K ÒSÓ Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq|
`ªve¨Zvi mbvZb msÁv : wbw`©ó ZvcgvÎvq 100 MÖvg `ªveK‡K m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Y cwiYZ Ki‡Z †Kvb `ª‡ei hZ MÖvg `ªexf~Z Ki‡Z nq `ª‡ei †m fi cÖKvkK msL¨vB
`ªve¨Zv| †hgb 27C DòZvq 100 g cvwb‡Z m¤ú„³ `ªeY cÖ¯‧Z Ki‡Z 36 g NaCl cÖ‡qvRb nq| myZivs G‡ÿ‡Î NaCl Gi `ªve¨Zv 36| `ªve¨Zvi GKK
100×m
†bB| `ªve¨Zv, S = (M – m)
`ªve¨Zvi AvaywbK msÁv : wbw`©ó ZvcgvÎvq wbw`©ó cwigvb †Kvb Zi‡j †h cwigvb KwVb `ªe `ªexf~Z n‡q m¤ú„³ `ªeY •Zwi K‡i, `ª‡ei †m cwigvb‡K H `ª‡ei
`ªve¨Zv e‡j| wewfbœ c×wZ‡Z `ªve¨Zv cÖKvk Kiv nq|
i) g/L ii) mol/L iii) g/kg [Ref: A-Level chemistry E.N Ramsodon.]
myZivs `ªve¨Zv‡K Avgiv †h fv‡e msÁvwqZ Ki‡Z cvwi

`ª‡ei fi MÖvg GK‡K
`ªve¨Zv s = = gL–1
wjUv‡i m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Yi AvqZb
`ª‡ei fi mol GK‡K
`ªve¨Zv s = = molL–1
g‡b ivLv fvj 100g `ªve‡K `ª‡ei m¤ú„³ `ªeY •Zwi‡Z eëüZ `ª‡ei MÖvg cwigvbB `ªve¨Zv| Giƒc GK‡Ki cwie‡Z© mol/L `ªeY AwaK eëüZ nq|
 `ªve¨Zvi Dci wewfbœ wbqvg‡Ki cÖfvet
 `ªve‡Ki cÖK…wZt `ªve‡Ki cÖK…wZi Dci `ª‡eï `ªve¨Zv wbf©ikxj| cvwb GKwU DrK…ó `ªveK n‡jI GwU A‣Re †h․M| mvaviYZ •Re
†h․Mmg~n •Re `ªve‡K `ªeYxq Ges A‣Re ‡h․Mmg~n A‣Re `ªve‡K `ªeYxq|
 `ª‡ei cÖK…wZt `ª‡ei `ªve¨Zv wbf©i K‡i `ª‡ei cÖK…wZi Dci| `ªe wfbœ nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zvi `ªve¨ZvI wfbœ n‡q _v‡K|
 ZvcgvÎvi cÖfvet  `ªveK Zvcnvix n‡j ZvcgvÎv e„w×i mv‡_ `ª‡ei `ªve¨Zv e„w× cvq| †hgb: KNO3, NaNO3, KI, Pb(NO3)2, AgNO3
 `ªveK Zv‡cvrcv`x n‡j ZvcgvÎv e„w×i mv‡_ `ª‡ei `ªve¨Zv n«vm cvq| †hgb: Ca(NO3)2, Ca(OH)2, NaOH
 ZvcgvÎv e„w×i mv‡_ cÖ_‡g `ªve¨Zv ev‡o c‡i ax‡i ax‡i `ªve¨Zv K‡g| †hgb: Na2SO4.10H2O, CaSO4.2H2O
 Pv‡ci cÖfvet weÁvbx †nbixi m~Îvbymv‡i w¯i ZvcgvÎvq wbw`©ó AvqZ‡bi †Kv‡bv Zij c`v‡_© †Kv‡bv M¨v‡mi `ªve¨Zv Gi Dci cÖhy³ Pv‡ci mgvYycvwZK|
Z‡e G‡ÿ‡Î H M¨vm I Zij `ªve‡Ki g‡a¨ †Kv‡bviƒc ivmvqwbK wewµqv NU‡e bv|
cÖ Zv c
 `ªve¨Zv †hme wRwb‡mi Dci wbf©i K‡i: cÖZvc   
cÖK…wZ (`ªe + `ªveK) ZvcgvÎv †cÖkvi (Pvc)
 Item-02: `ªve¨Zvi ¸Ydj/`ªve¨Zv ¸Yv¼ (Solubility Product): m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Y D™¢yZ mvgë¯vq ¯^í `ªeYxq je‡Yi/ †h․‡Mi Dcv`vb AvqbØ‡qi m‡e©v”P
Avqbxq NbgvÎvi ¸Yd‡ji bvgB H †h․‡Mi `ªve¨Zv ¸YvsK| G‡K Ksp Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq|
BA (s) ⇌ B+ (aq) + A–(aq) [GLv‡b B Ges A Gi †hvRbx 1] `ªve¨Zv ¸YvsK, Ksp = [B+] [A–]
BA jeYwUi `ªve¨Zv‡K mol L–1 Ges Avq‡bi (B+, A–) NbgvÎv g. ion L–1 G cÖKvk Ki‡j Ges w¯i ZvcgvÎvq BA Gi `ªve¨Zv ‘S’ mol L–1 n‡j-
[BA] = [B+] = [A–] = ‘S’ (BA jeYwUi `ªeYxq Ask m¤ú~Y© we‡qvwRZ n‡q‡Q a‡i)
 G‡ÿ‡Î BA jeYwUi `ªve¨Zv ¸YvsK wb¤œiƒ‡c †`Lv‡bv hvq,Ksp = [B+] [A–] = S.S = S2
 `ªve¨Zv I `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji m¤úK©t
(1) g‡b Kwi, †Kv‡bv ¯^í `ªeYxq jeY BA Gi `ªve¨Zv n‡jv S †gvj/wjUvi Ges Zv cÖvq m¤ú~Y© gvÎvq we‡qvwRZ n‡j B+ I A– Avqb Df‡qiB NbgvÎv cÖwZ
wjUv‡i n‡e S †gvj Avqb| ZLb `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj, Ksp = [B+] × [A–] = S2 nq|
(2) Avgiv Rvwb †h, `ª‡ei AvqbØ‡qi †gvjvi NbgvÎvi ¸Yd‡ji gvb (Kip) Gi `ªve¨Zv-¸Yd‡ji (Ksp) gv‡bi †P‡q †ewk n‡jB Z‡e H `ªe Aat‡ÿc m„wó
K‡i|
g‡b Kwi, 25C G Al(OH)3 Gi `ªve¨Zv n‡jv S mol L–1; ZLb Al(OH)3 Gi m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Yi we‡qvRb‡K wb¤œiƒ‡c †`Lv‡bv hvq:
Al(OH)3(s) ⇌ Al(OH)3(aq) ⇌ Al3+(aq) + 3OH–(aq)
S mol S mol 3S mol
 Al(OH)3 Gi `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj, Ksp = [Al ] × [OH–]3
3+
 `ªve¨Zv (S) c` mn‡hv‡M Al(OH)3 Gi `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj n‡e, Ksp = S × (3S)3 = 27S4
 `ªve¨Zv I `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji Zzjbvt ASPECT SERIES 
(K) ZvcgvÎvi Øviv Df‡qB GKBfv‡e cwiewZ©Z n‡q _v‡K|

(L) `ªve¨Zv me ai‡bi `ªexf~Z c`v‡_©i †ÿ‡ÎB cÖ‡hvR¨ wKš‧ `ªve¨Zvi ¸Ydj ïaygvÎ ¯^í `ªeYxq AvqwbK c`v‡_©i †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨|
(M) `ªve¨Zv mgAvq‡bi Dcw¯wZ‡Z cwiewZ©Z nq wKš‧ `ªve¨Zvi ¸Ydj mgAvq‡bi Dcw¯wZ‡Z AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K|
(N) mgAvq‡bi cÖfv‡e RwUj †h․M m„wó nIqvi d‡j `ª‡ei `ªve¨Zv cwieZ©b n‡Z cv‡i, wKš‧ `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji gvb AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K| AgCN ¯^í `ªeYxq jeY
AgCN `ªe‡Y KCN †hvM Ki‡j K[Ag(CN)2] RwUj †h․‡Mi m„wó nq d‡j AgCN Gi `ªve¨Zvi e„w× N‡U| AgCN + KCN  K[Ag(CN)2]
 `ªve¨Zvi ¸Ydj bxwZi cÖ‡qvMt
 mvaviY je‡Yi weï×KiY  mvev‡bi jeY AatwÿßKiY  mj‡fi A¨v‡gvwbqv †mvWv c×wZ‡Z NaHCO3 Gi Aat‡ÿcY  A‣Re je‡Yi Avw½K we‡kølY
 Item-03: AvqwbK ¸Ydj : †h †Kv‡bv Ae¯vq †Kvb c`v‡_©i `ªe‡Y Dcw¯Z Dcv`vb AvqbØ‡qi NbgvÎvi ¸Ydj‡K AvqwbK ¸Ydj e‡j|
BA (aq) ⇌ B+ (aq) + A–(aq) : Kip = [B+] . [A–]
`ªve¨Zv bxwZt †Kvb Zworwe‡køl¨ c`v‡_©i `ªe‡Y hw`-
m¤úK© cÖK…wZ `ªve¨Zv bxwZ: we¯ÍvwiZ Z_¨
Kip > Ksp AwZc„³ ev Aatwÿß AvqwbK ¸Ydj `ªve¨Zv ¸Yd‡ji (KSP) †ewk n‡j c`v_©wU Aatwÿß n‡e|
Kip < Ksp Am¤ú„³ AvqwbK ¸Ydj `ªve¨Zv ¸Yd‡ji (KSP) Kg n‡j, `ªeYwU Am¤ú„³ n‡e|
Kip = Ksp m¤ú„³ `ªeY AvqwbK ¸Ydj `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji (KSP) mgvb n‡j, `ªeYwU m¤ú„³ n‡e|
 Item-04: AvqwbK ¸Ydj (Kip) I `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj (Ksp) Gi g‡a¨ m¤úK© :
AvqwbK ¸Ydj (Kip) `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj (Ksp)
(i) je‡Yi AvqwbK ¸Ydj (Kip) ej‡Z wbw`©ó ZvcgvÎvq †Kv‡bv (i) Aciw`‡K `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj (Ksp) ej‡Z wbw`©ó ZvcgvÎvq †Kv‡bv ¯^í `ªeYxq
¯^í `ªeYxq je‡Yi †h †Kv‡bv NbgvÎvq `ªe‡Y Dcw¯Z je‡Yi m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Y Dcw¯Z AvqbØ‡qi me©vwaK †gvjvi NbgvÎvi ¸Ydj‡K
AvqbØ‡qi †gvjvi NbgvÎvi ¸Ydj‡K †evSvq| †evSvq|
(ii) AvqwbK ¸Ydj (Kip) Gi †ejvq `ªeYwU Am¤ú„³ `ªeY, (ii) Aciw`‡K, `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj (Ksp) Gi †ejvq `ªeYwU wbw`©ó ZvcgvÎvq mswkøó
m¤ú„³ `ªeY A_ev AwZc„³ `ªeY n‡Z cv‡i| ZvcgvÎvq mswkøó `ª‡ei m¤ú„³ `ªeY nq|
(iii) wbw`©ó ZvcgvÎvq †Kv‡bv `ª‡ei AvqwbK ¸Ydj (Kip) Gi gvb (iii) Aciw`‡K `ªve¨Zv ¸Yd‡ji (Ksp) Gi gvb GKwU w¯i msL¨v nq|
`ªe‡Yi †gvjvi NbgvÎvi Dci wbf©i K‡i wfbœ wfbœ nq|
(iv) †Kv‡bv `ªe‡Yi (Ksp) aªæe _v‡K| (iv) wewfbœ `ªe‡Yi †gvjvi NbgvÎv wfbœ wfbœ nq e‡j (Kip) I wfbœ wfbœ n‡Z cv‡i|
 Item-05: mg-Avqb cÖfve :†Kv‡bv `ªe‡Y `ywU Zwor we‡køl¨ c`v‡_©i we‡qvR‡bi d‡j †Kv‡bv GKwU wbw`©ó Avqb hw` Dfq c`v_© n‡Z Drcbœ n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e
H AvqbwU‡K H `ªe‡Y Ômg-AvqbÕ (common ion) ejv nq|
mg-Avqbwewkó `ywU Zwor-we‡køl¨ c`v_© hLb GKB `ªe‡Y `ªexf~Z _v‡K, ZLb Df‡qi we‡qvRb gvÎv mvaviYZ n«vm cvq| Z‡e we‡klZ Df‡qi g‡a¨ g„`y
Zwor-we‡køl¨ c`v_©wUi we‡qvRb-gvÎv h‡_ó K‡g hvq, Zv‡K Ômg-Avqb cÖfveÕ e‡j| †hgb- NH4OH Gi we‡qvRb|
[NH4+] × [OH–]
NH4OH ⇌ NH4+ + OH–;  K =
[NH4OH]
GLv‡b NH4 Cl †hvM Ki‡j Zv we‡qvwRZ n‡q [NH4Cl  NH4+ + Cl–] H `ªe‡Y NH4+ Avq‡bi NbgvÎv e„w× K‡i| hw` H e„w×i cwigvY x nq ZLb
{[NH4+] + x} × [OH–]
> K d‡j c~‡e©i mvg¨ve¯v bó nq| c~‡e©i mvg¨ve¯v eRvq ivL‡Z n‡j {[NH4+] + x} Ges [OH–] Gi ¸Yd‡ji cwigvY Kgv‡Z
[NH4OH]
n‡e A_ev [NH4OH] Gi cwigvY evov‡Z n‡e| Zv m¤¢e Ki‡Z n‡j, wKQz NH4+ Avq‡bi mv‡_ OH– Avqb hy³ n‡q NH4OH AYy MVb Ki‡Z n‡e| d‡j
NH4OH Gi Av‡Mi we‡qvRb cwigvY K‡g hv‡e Ges `ªe‡Y OH– Avq‡bi NbgvÎvI K‡g hv‡e|
we.`ª.: kw³kvjx Zwor we‡køl¨ _vK‡j g„`y Zwor we‡kø‡lï `ªve¨Zv n«vm cvq|
 Item-06: mvaviY wbqg AvqwbK †h․Mmg~‡ni Rjxq gva¨‡g `ªeYxqZv m¤ú‡K© wb‡gœv³ wbqg¸‡jv Rvbv ìKvi
wbqg mvs‡KwZK e¨wZµg
Gr–IA †kªYxi avZzmg~n Ges A¨v‡gvwbqvg Li , Na+, K+, Rb+
+
Li2CO3, Li3PO4, LiF
Avq‡bi †h․M mg~n `ªeYxq| Cs+, NH4+
mKj A¨vwm‡UU, bvB‡UªU Ges bvBUªvBU jeY `ªeYxq| CH3COO–, NO3– , NO2–
AwaKvsk †K¬vivBW, †eªvgvBW I Av‡qvWvBW jeY `ªeYxq| Cl–, Br–, I– Ag, Pb, Cu, Hg cÖf„wZ avZzi †K¬vivBU, ‡eªvgvBU, Av‡qvWvBU
AwaKvsk mvj‡dU jeY `ªeYxq| SO24 BaSO4, SrSO4, PbSO4 A`ªeYxq CaSO4, Ag2SO4, Hg2SO4 ¯^í `ªeYxq
AwaKvsk Kve©‡bU jeY A`ªeYxq| CO 32 Gr  IA Gi avZzmg~n Ges A¨v‡gvwbqvg Kve©‡bU `ªeYxq|
AwaKvsk dm‡dU jeY `ªeYxq| PO34 Gr  IA Gi avZzmg~n Ges A¨v‡gvwbqvg dm‡dU `ªeYxq|
AwaKvsk mvjdvBW jeY A`ªeYxq| S 2 Gr  IA Gi avZzmg~n Ges A¨v‡gvwbqvg mvjdvBW `ªeYxq|
AwaKvsk nvBWª·vBW A`ªeYxq OH  Gr  IA avZzmg~‡ni nvBWª·vBW mg~n
NH 4 OH, Ca (OH ) 2 , Sr (OH ) 2 , Ba (OH ) 2

SAQ
Broad Ans Question
cÖkœ-1 : `ªve¨Zvi Dci cÖfve we¯ÍviKvix wbqvgK mg~n wK wK?

DËi : (i) `ª‡ei cÖK…wZ (ii) `ªve‡Ki cÖK…wZ (iii) mg Avqb cÖfve (iv) ZvcgvÎv (v) Pvc
cÖkœ-2 : Na2SO4.10H2O-Gi Rb¨ s vs tc Gi †jLwPÎ A¼b Ki| DËi:
S
cÖkœ-3 : `ªve¨Zv I `ªve¨Zv ¸Yd‡ji cv_©K¨ wjL| DËi: Concept-08, Item-04 Gi PvU© Ki|
cÖkœ-4 : ‡Kvb †h․M cvwb‡Z `ªexf~Z nIqvi kZ© wK? DËi:nvB‡Wªkb Gb_vjwc  j¨vwUm Gb_vjwc|
cÖkœ-5 : MÖæc-2 Gi avZz mg~‡ni (i) nvBWª·vBW Gi `ªve¨Zv (ii) mvj‡dU mg~‡ni `ªve¨Zvi µg wjL|
DËi : (i) Be(OH)2  Mg(OH)2  Ca(OH)2  Sr (OH)2 Ba(OH)2;(ii) BeSO4  MgSO4  CaSO4 > SrSO4  BaSO4 32.4C
cÖkœ-6 : `ªeYxq †h․M Kx? tc
DËi : cÖwZ 100 cm G 1.0g ev Zvi AwaK cwigvY `ªeYxq `ªe‡K `ªeYxq †h․M e‡j|
3
cÖkœ-7 : `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj Kx? [w`.‡ev. 2017]

DËi : Item-2 `ªóe¨|
cÖkœ-8 : `ªve¨Zv Kx? [iv.‡ev. 2015; Xv.‡ev. 2017; Kz.‡ev. 2017; wm.‡ev. 2017]
cÖkœ-9 : 250C ZvcgvÎvq KNO3 Gi `ªve¨Zv 31.6 ej‡Z Kx ‡evS? [Kz.‡ev-17]
DËi : 250C ZvcgvÎvq KNO3 Gi `ªve¨Zv 31.6 ej‡Z †evSvq 250C ZvcgvÎvq 100g `ªve‡K me©vwaK 31.6 g KNO3 `ªexf‚Z Ki‡j m¤ú„³ `ªeY Drcbœ nq|
cÖkœ-10 : AgCl GKwU evBbvix †h․M †Kb?
DËi : wmjfvi †K¬vivBW ev AgCl ‡h․‡M ïaygvÎ wmjfvi Avqb (Ag+) I †K¬vivBW Avqb (Cl–) we`¨gvb| evBbvix †h․‡M ïaygvÎ `ywU †g․‡ji cigvYy _v‡K|
myZivs, AgCl GKwU evBbvix †h․M|
cÖkœ-11 : mg-Avqb cÖfve Kx? [Xv.‡ev. 2016]

STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION e¨vL¨v: m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Yi kZ© : AvqwbK ¸Ydj = `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj|
Am¤ú„³ `ªe‡Yi kZ© : AvqwbK ¸Ydj < `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj|
DU AwZc„³ `ªe‡Yi kZ© : AvqwbK ¸Ydj > `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj|
01. je‡Yi `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj wbY©‡q ‡Kvb ai‡Yi `ªeY Dc‡hvMx? [DU. 2015-16] AwZc„³ `ªe‡Y Aat‡ÿc m„wó nq|
A. Super saturated B. Unsaturated C. Saturated D. All of them 03. `ªe‡Y mg-Avq‡bi cÖfv‡e †Kvb ¯^í `ªeYxq Zwor we‡kø‡lï- [RU-C3.17-18]
mwVK DËi: C. Saturated A. `ªve¨Zv ev‡o B. `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj ev‡o
e¨vL¨v: `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj wbY©‡qi Rb¨ memgq m¤ú„³ (Saturated) `ªeY eënvi Kiv nq| C. `ªve¨Zv K‡g D. `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj K‡g
mwVK DËi: C. `ªve¨Zv K‡g
JU e¨vL¨v: `ªve¨Zv ¸Yd‡ji Dci mg-Avq‡bi †Kvb cÖfve †bB| wKš‧ mg-Avq‡bi
01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU cvwb‡Z `ªeYxq? [JU-A, Set-A. 2019-20] cÖfv‡e ¯^í `ªeYxq Zwor we‡kø‡lï `ªve¨Zv n«vm cvq|
A. AgF B. AgC1 C. AgBr D. AgI 04. ‡Kvb †h․M cvwb‡Z `ªeYxq nIqvi kZ© wK? [RU-F. 2016-17]
mwVK DËi: A. AgF A. j¨vwUm Gb&_vjwc > nvB‡Wªkb Gb&_vjwc
02. Rjxq `ªe‡Yi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mZ¨ bq? [JU-A, Set-A. 2019-20] B. nvB‡Wªkb Gb&_vjwc > j¨vwUm Gb&_vjwc
A. KNO3 `ªexf~Z Ki‡j `ªeY DËß nq C. nvB‡Wªkb Gb&_vjwc = j¨vwUm Gb&_vjwc
B. Pzb `ªexf~Z Ki‡j `ªeY DËß nq D. MVb Gb&_vjwc > we‡qvRb Gb&_vjwc
C. Møy‡KvR `ªexf~Z Ki‡j `ªeY VvÐv nq mwVK DËi: B. nvB‡Wªkb Gb&_vjwc > j¨vwUm Gb&_vjwc
D. Abv`ª© CuSO4 `ªexf~Z Ki‡j `ªeY DËß nq CU
mwVK DËi: A. KNO3 `ªexf~Z Ki‡j `ªeY DËß nq 01. `ªe‡Y Avqb¸‡jvi NbgvÎvi ¸Ydj hw`- [CU-F. 2015-16]
RU (i) `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji mgvb nq, Z‡e `ªeYwU m¤ú„³
01. 20°C ZvcgvÎvq As2O3 wn‡m‡e As(III) Gi `ªve¨Zv KZ? [RU. 2017-18] (ii) `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji Kg, Z‡e `ªeYwU AwZc„³
4 –1 –1 –1 (iii) `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji ‡ekx nq, `ªe Aatwÿß n‡e
A. 1.510 g L B. 2.5  10 mgL
4
–1 –1 wb‡Pi ‡KvbwU mwVK?
C. 3.7  10 mgL
4
D. 3.7  10 mgL
6
–1 A. i I ii B. i I iii C. ii I iii D. i, ii I iii E. ‡KvbwUB bq
mwVK DËi: C. 3.7  10 mgL
4
mwVK DËi: B. i I iii
e¨vL¨v: f~Mf©¯ cvwb‡Z cÖv_wgKfv‡e Av‡m©wbK UªvB I ‡c›Uv RviY Ae¯vq _v‡K| KU
20°C ZvcgvÎvq As2O3 wn‡m‡e As(III) Gi `ªve¨Zv 3.7104mgL–1 Ges 01. M X je‡Yi `ªve¨Zv 1.1  102 mol L1 n‡j Gi K KZ n‡e?
2 3 sp
As2O5 wn‡m‡e As(V) Gi `ªve¨Zv 1.5106mgL–1| [KU. 2019-20]
02. KLb Aat‡ÿc c‡o? [RU.2017-18;IU.16-17;JU-A9.2017-18] A. 1  1010 B. 1.74  108 C. 2.1  106 D. 6  107
A. AvqwbK ¸Ydj < `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj B. AvqwbK ¸Ydj > `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj mwVK DËi: B. 1.74  108
C. AvqwbK ¸Ydj  `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj D. AvqwbK ¸Ydj = `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj e¨vL¨v: M2X3 Gi `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj = 2 .3 .s = 108 s
2 3 5 5
mwVK DËi: B. AvqwbK ¸Ydj > `ªve¨Zv ¸bv¼ GLb, 108s = 108 (1.1  10 ) = 1.74  108
5 2 5
02. 20C ZvcgvÎv I 0.98 atm Pv‡c O2 M¨v‡mi `ªve¨Zv KZ? (20C mwVK DËi: A. m¤ú„³ `ªeY
ZvcgvÎvq O2 M¨v‡mi †nbixi aªæeK 1.38  103 M/atm) [KU. 2019-20] e¨vL¨v: m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Y ùwUK ev †Kv‡bv `ªe †hvM Kiv n‡j Zv `ªexf~Z bv n‡q wb‡P
A. 1.3524  103 M B. 2.3524  103 M Rgv _v‡K|
3
C. 1.5524  10 M D. 2.4524  103 M
STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION
mwVK DËi: A. 1.3524  103 M
e¨vL¨v: S = K P = 0.98  1.38  103 = 1.3524  103 M KUET
01. `ªe‡Y Avqb¸‡jvi NbgvÎvi ¸Ydj hw`Ñ [KUET. 2018-19]
IU
(i) `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji mgvb nq Z‡e `ªeYwU m¤ú„³ n‡e
01. Aat‡ÿc‡Yi Rb¨ kZ©- [MBSTU-C Set-2 2018-19; IU-A.2017-18]
(ii) `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji Kg nq, Z‡e `ªeYwU Am¤ú„³ n‡e
A. Ki > Ksp B. Ksp > Ki C. Ksp = Ki D. ‡KvbwUB bq
(iii) `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji †ewk nq, Z‡e `ªeYwU Aatwÿß n‡e
mwVK DËi: A. Ki > Ksp
(iv) `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji †ewk nq, Z‡e `ªeYwU Am¤ú„³ I Aatwÿß n‡e
DU-HE wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
01. Ag2CrO4-Gi m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Yi Rb¨ `ªve¨Zv ¸Yd‡ji mwVK mgxKiY A. i I ii B. i, iii I iv C. ii I iii D. i, ii I iii E. i, ii I iv
†KvbwU? [DU-HE. 2019-20]
mwVK DËi: D. i, ii I iii
A. KSP = [Ag+] [CrO42–] B. KSP = [Ag+]2 [CrO42–]
e¨vL¨v: †Kv‡bv `ª e ‡Y Dcw¯Z †h․‡Mi AvqwbK ¸Ydj,
C. KSP = [Ag+] [CrO42–] D. KSP = [Ag+]2 [CrO42–]3
(i) `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji †ewk n‡j `ªeYwU Aatwÿß n‡e|
mwVK DËi: B. KSP = [Ag+]2 [CrO42–]
(ii) `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji mgvb n‡j `ªeYwU m¤ú„³ n‡e|
e¨vL¨v: Ag2CrO4 Gi m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Y mvg¨ve¯v : Ag2CrO4 ⇌ 2Ag+ + CrO42– (iii) `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji Kg n‡j `ªeYwU Am¤ú„³ n‡e|
`ªve¨Zv ¸Yd‡ji †ÿ‡Î †gvjmsL¨v Nv‡Z cwiYZ nq|
 KSP = [Ag+]2 [CrO42–] BUTex
01. Al(OH)3 Gi `ªve¨Zv x n‡j `ªve¨Zv ¸Yv¼ KZ?
STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION [BUTex. 2015-16; JUST 2019-20]
A. x4 B. 27x3 C. 27x4 D. 27x2
JUST 4
mwVK DËi: C. 27x
01. 50 ml m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Y 5g CaCl2 _vK‡j, cÖwZ wjUv‡i CaCl2 Gi `ªve¨Zv
e¨vL¨v: AB3 UvB‡ci †h․M¸‡jv n‡jv  FeCl3, AlCl3, Al(OH)3
KZ? [IU-D 2019-20; JUST-A,Set-Kha 2018-19]
`ªve¨Zv ¸Yv¼, KSP = x  (3x)3 = x  27x3 = 27x4
A. 10 gL–1 B. 100 gL–1 C. 101 gL–1 D. 1011 gL–1
mwVK DËi: B. 100 gL–1
5 1000 1
e¨vL¨v: cÖwZ wjUv‡i CaCl2 Gi `ªve¨Zv =  100 gL MAT
50
01. wb‡Pi †Kvb mvj‡dU jeY cvwb‡Z A`ªeYxq? [MAT.2016-17]
MBSTU
A. CuSO4 B. Na2SO4 C. Al2(SO4)3 D. BaSO4
01. ‡Kvb hyMjwU mgAvqb cÖfve †`Lv‡e?
mwVK DËi: D. BaSO4
[MBSTU-C,Set-2:2018-19, BSMRSTU- 18-19; mKj †evW© 2018]
A. HCl, HNO3 B. H2S, HCl C. AgCl, HCl D. HNO3, (NH4)2SO4 e¨vL¨v: cvwb‡Z `ªeYxq nIqvi kZ©:
mwVK DËi: B. H2S, HCl j¨vwUm Gb_vjwc < nvB‡Wªkb Gb_vjwc wKš‧ Ba2+ Avq‡bi AvKvi eo
e¨vL¨v: HCl GwmW I H2S-GwmW Df‡qi mg Avqb †hgb H+ Avq‡bi cÖfv‡e nIqvq Gi j¨vwUm Gb_vjwci gvb nvB‡Wªkb Gb_vjwci †P‡q eo nq| ZvB
H2S Gi we‡qvRb n«vm †c‡q Lye Kg mvjdvBW (S-2) Avqb Drcbœ nq| BaSO4 cvwb‡Z `ªexf~Z nq bv|
02. Al2(SO4)3 je‡Yi `ªve¨Zv S n‡j, `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj KZ n‡e? [HSTU-A.2016-17] 02. †Kvb c`v‡_©i `ªve¨Zv wbf©i K‡i- [MAT:2006-2007]
A. (s)2×(3s)3 B. (2s)2× (s)2 C.2s × 3s D. (2s)2 × (3s)3 A. †f․Z I ivmvqwbK a‡g©i Dci B. ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡ci Dci
2
mwVK DËi: D. (2s) × (3s) 3 C. `ªe‡Yi pH Gi Dci D. A+B
mwVK DËi: B. ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡ci Dci
e¨vL¨v: Al2(SO4)3 ‡h‡nZz †h․MwU A2B3 UvB‡ci ZvB `ªve¨Zv I `ªve¨Zv ¸Yd‡ji
e¨vL¨v: `ªve¨Zv wbf©i K‡i-
g‡a¨ m¤úK© n‡e| Ksp = (2s)2 × (3s)3 1. `ª‡ei cÖK…wZ 2. `ªve‡Ki cÖK…wZ, 3. ZvcgvÎv I 4. Pvc
PUST Board Ques.
01. wb‡Pi †Kvb kZ©vewj‡Z M¨vmmg~n cvwb‡Z m‡e©v”P `ªeYxq? [PUST. 2019-20] 01. CaF2 Gi `ªve¨Zv 0.0002 mol/L n‡j `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj KZ? [mKj †evW©-2018]
A. wb¤œPvc I wb¤œZvcgvÎvq B. wb¤œPvc I D”PZvcgvÎvq A. 2.310–11 B. 3.210–11 C. 2.310+10 D. 3.210–10
C. D”PPvc I wb¤œZvcgvÎvq D. D”PPvc I D”PZvcgvÎvq mwVK DËi: B. 3.210 –11
mwVK DËi: C. D”PPvc I wb¤œZvcgvÎvq 02. X2Y3 je‡Yi `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji GKK- [Xv.†ev. 2019]
e¨vL¨v: †nbixi m~Îvbymv‡i, AwaK Pv‡c M¨v‡mi AvqZb K‡g hvq d‡j M¨v‡mi A. mol5 L–5 B. mol–5 L–5 C. mol5 L5 D. mol–5 L5
Abymg~n KvQvKvwQ Ae¯vb K‡i I †ewk `ªexf~Z nq Ges wb¤œZvcgvÎvq mwVK DËi: A. mol5 L–5
`ªve¨Zv †ewk _v‡K| e¨vL¨v: X2Y3 = 2[X3+] + 3[Y2–] ; (molL1)5 = mol5L5
DU Technology 03. 25C ZvcgvÎvq Ca(OH)2 Gi `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj 4.42 10–5 n‡j
01. GKwU weKv‡i cwi®‥vi `ªe‡Yi g‡a¨ `ª‡ei GKwU ùwUK †hvM Kiv n‡jv| Ca(OH)2 Gi `ªve¨Zv KZ? [Xv.†ev. 2019]
weKv‡ii Zj‡`‡k ùwUKwU AcwiewZ©Z _vK‡jv| `ªeYwU †Kvb ai‡bi? A. 1.11110–2 B. 2.22310–2
[DU-Projukti. 2019-20] C. 2.45210–2 D. 2.80610–2
–2
A. m¤ú„³ `ªeY B. Bgvjkb C. Am¤ú„³ `ªeY D. AwZc„³ `ªeY mwVK DËi: B. 2.22310
 CONCEPT 09 wewfbœ Avqb kbv³KiY I MÖæc weKviK
CHART-01: GKbR‡i wewfbœ A¤øxq I ÿvixq g~jK kbv³KiY:
je‡Y ÿvixq g~j‡Ki wm³ cixÿv
Avqb cixÿvi aiY weKviK Drcbœ `ªeY/Aat‡ÿc ch©‡eÿY
2+ kbv³KiY cixÿv NH4OH [Cu(NH3)4]SO4 nvjKv bxj I c‡i Mvp bxj Aat‡ÿc
Cu
wbwðZKiY cixÿv K4[Fe(CN)6] Cu2[Fe(CN)6] ev`vgx Aat‡ÿc
Dcw¯wZ kbv³KiY K3[Fe(CN)6] KFe[Fe(CN)6] cÖæwkqvb eøy
Fe2+
Dcw¯wZ kbv³KiY K4[Fe(CN)6] K2Fe[Fe(CN)6] nvjKv bxj Aat‡ÿc
Dcw¯wZ kbv³KiY K3[Fe(CN)6] Fe[Fe(CN)6] ev`vgx `ªeY
Fe3+ Dcw¯wZ kbv³KiY K4[Fe(CN)6] KFe[Fe(CN)6] Mvp bxj Aat‡ÿc
Dcw¯wZ kbv³KiY NH4CNS Fe(CNS)3 i³eY© `ªeY
kbv³KiY cixÿv NaOH ZnS 1g Zn(OH)2 Ges c‡i ZnS Gi mv`v Aat‡ÿc
Zn2+
wbwðZKiY cixÿv K4[Fe(CN)6] Zn2[Fe(CN)6] mv`v Aat‡ÿc
kbv³KiY cixÿv NH4OOC–COONH4 Ca–OOC–COO–Ca mv`v Aat‡ÿc
Ca2+
wbwðZKiY cixÿv (NH4)2CO3 CaCO3 mv`v Aat‡ÿc
Na+ Dcw¯wZ kbv³KiY K2H2Sb2O7 Na2H2Sb2O7 mv`v Aat‡ÿc
NH4+ Dcw¯wZ kbv³KiY K2HgI4 NH2[Hg2I3] ev`vgx Aat‡ÿc
K+ Dcw¯wZ kbv³KiY Na3[Co(NO2)6] K3[Co(NO2)6] njy` Aat‡ÿc
Ba2+ Dcw¯wZ kbv³KiY K2CrO4 BaCrO4 njy` Aat‡ÿc
Al3+ Dcw¯wZ kbv³KiY NH4OH /NaOH Al(OH)3 mv`v Aat‡ÿc
je‡Y A¤øxq g~j‡Ki wm³ cixÿv:
Cl- AgNO3 AgCl mv`v Aat‡ÿc
(CH3COO)2Pb PbCl2 mv`v Aat‡ÿc
SO42- Ba(NO3)2 BaSO4 mv`v Aat‡ÿc
(CH3COO)2Pb PbSO4 mv`v Aat‡ÿc
CO32- (CH3COO)2Pb PbCO3 mv`v Aat‡ÿc
NO3- m`¨ cÖ¯‧ZK…Z FeSO4+MvpH2SO4 [FeSO4(NO)(H2O)5]SO4 ev`vgx ejq (wis Gi g‡Zv)
S2- †mvwWqvg bvB‡UªvcÖæmvBW Na4[Fe(NOS)(CN)5] ‡Mvjvcx ev †e¸wb eY©
GK bR‡i n¨vjvBWmg~n kbv³KiY Z_¨
-
weKviK ‡K¬vivBW(Cl ) ‡eªvgvBW(Br-) Av‡qvWvBW(I-)
g~j `ªeY+ AgNO3 AgCl AgBr AgI
Aat‡ÿc mv`v Aa:†ÿc nvjKv njy` Aa:†ÿc Mvp njy` Aa:†ÿc
`ªve¨Zv NH4OH G `ªeYxq| NH4OH G AvswkK `ªeYxq| NH4OH G A`ªeYxq|
†R‡b ivLv fvj- G me mv`vi KvR Kvievi Zn Ca Na Al , Cl , SO4 , CO32- (Aat‡ÿc mv`v)
2+, 2+, +, 3+ - 2-
CHART-02: je‡Yi Avw½K we‡køl‡Y eëüZ MÖæc weKviK-

MÖæc weKviK avZe Avqb Aatwÿß Kivi Rb¨ eëüZ c`v_© ‡h †h․M wnmv‡e Aatwÿß nq
+ 2+ 2+
I Ag , Hg , Pb jNy HCl PbCl2 (mv`v)
II Cu2+, Pb2+, Bi3+,Hg2+, Sb3+, jNy HCl Gi Dcw¯wZ‡Z H2S PbS, CuS, Bi2S3, HgS (Kv‡jv) CdS, As2S3, (njy`),
Sn2+,Sn4+, As3+, Cd2+ SnS (ev`vgx), Sb2S3 (Kgjv)
IIIA Fe+++, Al+++, Cr3+ NH4Cl Gi Dcw¯wZ‡Z NH4OH Fe(OH)3 (jvj‡P ev`vgx), Al(OH)3 (‡Rjxi b¨vq mv`v)
IIIB Co2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Mn2+ NH4Cl I NH4OH Gi Dcw¯wZ‡Z H2S ZnS (mv`v), NiS (Kvj), CoS (Kvj), MnS (‡Mvjvcx)
IV Ca++, Ba++ NH4Cl I NH4OH Gi Dcw¯wZ‡Z CoCO3 (mv`v), BaCO3 (mv`v)
(NH4)2CO3
V Na+, K+, Mg++, NH4+ †Kvb wbw`©ó weKviK †bB Na+, K+, Mg++, NH4+ Gi †h․M
 SAQ
Broad Ans Question
cÖkœ-01: A + K4[Fe(CN)6]  jvj‡P ev`vgx Aat‡ÿc + 4K+ ;GLv‡b, A g~jKwU wK?

DËi:Cu2+ + K4[Fe(CN)6]  Cu2 [Fe(CN)6] + 4K+
cÖkœ-02:GKwU je‡Yi K¨vUvqb kbv³Ki‡Yi Rb¨ NaOH †hvM Kiv n‡jv d‡j mv`v AvVv‡jv †Rjx Drcbœ n‡jv Ges cieZ©x‡Z wbkv`j †hvM Kiv n‡jv| d‡j mv`v
†Rjx Drcbœ n‡jv g~jKwU wK wQj?
DËi:Al3+ + 3NaOH  Al (OH)3  + 3Na
mv`v AvVv‡jv †Rjx
Al(OH)3 + NaOH  NaAl(OH)4 ; NaAl(OH)4 + NH4Cl  Al(OH)3  + NaCl + NH3 + H2O
(mv`v †Rjx)
g~jKwU Al wQj| 3+
cÖkœ-03: + K4 [Fe(CN)6]  mv`v Aat‡ÿc + 4K ;  g~jKwU wK †g․j?

+ ASPECT SERIES 
DËi:2Zn2+ + K4 [Fe(CN)6]  Zn2 [Fe (CN)6]+ 4K+ ; g~jKwU n‡jv Zn2+ Avqb
cÖkœ-04: SO42– g~jK kbv³Ki‡Yi wewµqvwU †jL?
DËi: SO42– + Ba(NO3)2  BaSO4  +2NO3–
(mv`v)
mv`v Aat‡ÿc nIqvi Kvi‡Y SO42– g~jK Dcw¯Z
cÖkœ-05 : K4[Fe(CN)6] `ªeY Øviv Cu2+ I Zn2+ †K wKfv‡e kbv³ Kiv hvq-Zv cÖ‡qvRbxq mgxKiYmn wjL| [BUTEX: 2019-20]
e¨vL¨v : Zn2+ kbv³KiY: 2Zn2+(aq) + K4[Fe(CN)6](aq)  Zn2 [Fe(CN)6]  + 4K+(aq)
mv`v Aat‡ÿc
Cu2+ kbv³KiY: 2Cu2+(aq) + K4[Fe(CN)6](aq)  Cu2[Fe(CN)6] + 4K+(aq)
jvj‡P ev`vwg

STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION 02. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Øviv Fe2+ kbv³ Kiv hvq? [JU-A.2019-20]
A. K4[Fe(CN)6] B. †bmjvi `ªeY
DU
C. Ba(NO3)2 `ªeY D. AgNO3 `ªeY
01. wb‡¤œi †Kvb cix¶vwU mvjwdDwiK GwmW I bvBwUªK Gwm‡Wi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨
Ki‡Z eënvi Kiv hvq? [DU. 2019-20]
mwVK DËi: A. K 4[Fe(CN) 6 ]
A. mve©Rbxb wb‡`©kK w`‡q cix¶v B. †mvwWqvg Kve©‡bU ¸ov †hv‡M 03. CO 2 M¨vm kbv³Ki‡Y eëüZ nq- [JU-A4.2017-18]
C. g¨vM‡bwkqvg wdZv †hv‡M D. †ewiqvg bvB‡UªU `ªeY †hv‡M A. CaO B. Ca(OH) 2 C. CaCO 3 D. †KvbwUB bq
mwVK DËi: D. †ewiqvg bvB‡UªU `ªeY †hv‡M mwVK DËi: B. Ca(OH) 2
e¨vL¨v: H2SO4 + Ba(NO3)2  BaSO4  e¨vL¨v: CO2 M¨vm kbv³Ki‡Y jvBg IqvUvi ev Pz‡bi cvwb {Ca(OH)2} eënvi
(mvav Aat‡ÿc) Kiv nq| CO2 + Ca(OH)2  CaCO3 + H2O
HNO3 + Ba(NO3)2  No Reaction mv`v
02. ‡Kvb wmjfvi n¨vjvBWwU µxg-e‡Y©i KwVb c`v_©, m~h©v‡jv‡K Kvj‡P nq Ges
04. Ca(OH)2(aq) +CO2(g)  X+H2O; Drcbœ X †h․MwU- [JU-6.2017-18]
Nb A¨v‡gvwbqv `ªe‡Y `ªexf‚Z nq? [DU-Ka. 2014-15]
A. AgF B. AgCl C. AgBr D. AgI A. Pzbv cv_i B. KwjPzb C. Pz‡bi cvwb D. Pzb
mwVK DËi: C. AgBr mwVK DËi: A. Pz b v cv_i
e¨vL¨v: AgBr µxg e‡Y©i KwVb c`v_©| m~h©v‡jv‡K Kvj‡P nq Ges Nb e¨vL¨v: Ca(OH)2 + CO2  CaCO3 + H2O
A¨v‡gvwbqvi `ªe‡Y `ªexf~Z nq| Pzbvcv_i
03. GKwU n¨vjvBW jeY‡K Nb H2SO4 G DËß Kiv nj| †e¸wb †auvqvi DrcwË 05. A‣Re bgybv + K4[Fe(CN)6]  mv`v Aat‡ÿc; A‣Re bgybvq Dcw¯Z
†Kvb Avq‡bi Dcw¯wZ wb‡`©kK? [DU:2013-2014] Avqb- [JU-A9.2017-18]
A. I B. Br C. Cl D. F A. Cu2+ B. Fe3+ C. Zn2+ D. Ni2+
mwVK DËi: A. I mwVK DËi: C. Zn 2+
e¨vL¨v: GKwU n¨vjvBW jeY‡K (KI) Nb H2SO4 G DËß Kiv n‡j Av‡qvwW‡bi 06. ‡Kvb Aat‡ÿc CO32- Avq‡bi Dcw¯wZ wb‡`©k K‡i? [JU-D5.2017-18, JU.2006-07]
†e¸wb e‡Y©i ev®ú †ei nq| A. BaCO3 B. Ag2CO3 C. Na2CO3 D. K2CO3
04. GKwU eY©nxb Rjxq `ªe‡Y †K¬vwib `ªeY †hvM Kiv n‡j `ªeYwU ev`vgx jvj eY© mwVK DËi: A. BaCO3
aviY K‡i Ges AgNO3 `ªeY †hvM Kiv n‡j njy` e‡Y©i Aat‡ÿc cvIqv e¨vL¨v: CO32-(aq)+Ba(NO3)2(aq) BaCO3(s)+2NO3-(aq)
hvq| `ªe‡Y †h †h․MwU i‡q‡Q- [DU:2009-2010]
mv`v Aat‡ÿc
A. NaCl B. NaNO3 C. Na2S D. NaBr 2-
mwVK DËi: D. NaBr wm×všÍ t CO 3 g~ j K Dcw¯ Z I wbwðZ|
e¨vL¨v: †mvwWqvg ‡eªvgvBW je‡Yi `ªe‡Yi m‡½ wmjfvi bvB‡UªU `ªe‡Yi wewµqvq 07. ‡KvbwU Mvp bxj ev cÖæwmqvb eøy? [JU-D5.2017-18]
wmjfvi †eªvgvB‡Wi nvjKv njy` e‡Y©i Aat‡ÿc c‡o hv bvBwUªK Gwm‡W A. KFe[Fe(CN) 6 ] B. Fe 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3
A`ªeYxq Ges A¨v‡gvwbqvg nvB‡Wªv·vBW `ªe‡Y AvswkK `ªeYxq| C. K2[Fe(CN)6] D. K3[Fe(CN)6]

NaBr(aq) + AgNO3(aq) AgBr + NaNO3
mwVK DËi: A. KFe[Fe(CN)6]
05. FeCl3 Gi Rjxq `ªe‡Y †duvUvq †duvUvq A¨v‡gvwbqvg _v‡qvmvqvbvBW Gi e¨vL¨v: Fe +K3 [Fe(CN)6]  KFe [Fe (CN)6]
2+
3+
Rjxq `ªeY †hvM Ki‡j wK NU‡e? [DU. 2007-08] 08. ‡Kvb Aat‡ÿc Fe Avq‡bi Dcw¯wZ wb‡`©k K‡i? [JU-D7.17-18]
A. †Kvb cwieZ©b n‡ebv B. jvj e‡Y©i Aa:‡ÿc •Zwi n‡e A. KFe[Fe(CN)6] B. K2Fe[Fe(CN)6]
C. Mvp bxj `ªeY •Zwi n‡e D. i‡³i gZ jvj `ªeY •Zwi n‡e C. Fe[Fe(CN)6] D. Zn2[Fe(CN)6]
mwVK DËi: D. i‡³i gZ jvj `ªeY •Zwi n‡e mwVK DËi: C. Fe[Fe(CN) 6]
e¨vL¨v: FeCl3 Gi Rjxq `ªe‡Y †duvUvq †duvUvq A¨v‡gvwbqvg _v‡qvmvqvbvBW Gi e¨vL¨v: Fe3+(aq)+K3[Fe(CN)6](aq)Fe[Fe(CN)6](aq)+3K+(aq)
Rjxq `ªeY †hvM Ki‡j i‡³i gZ jvj `ªeY •Zwi n‡e| nvjKv bxj ev ev`vgx
JU 09. A¨v‡gvwbqvg Avqb kbv³ Ki‡Y †Kvb weKviK eëüZ nq? [JU- 17-18, DU- 06-07]
01. NH4OH `ªeY Øviv †Kvb K¨vUvqb kbv³ Kiv hvq? [JU-A, Set-D. 2019-20] A. †bmjvi B. wmjfvi bvB‡UªU
A. Cu2+, Al+3 B. Al+3, Na+ C. Na+, NH 4 D. Zn+2, Na+ C. cUvwmqvg cvB‡iv A¨vw›U‡gv‡bU D. †ewiqvg †K¬vivBW
mwVK DËi: A. Cu2+, Al+3 mwVK DËi: A. †bmjvi
RU mwVK DËi: E. Na2[Fe(CN)6(NO)]

01. A¨v‡gvwbqvg A·v‡jU `ªeY Øviv †Kvb K¨vUvq‡bi Dcw¯wZ wbwðZ Kiv nq? e¨vL¨v: g~j `ªe‡Y m`¨ cÖ¯‧Z †mvwWqvg bvB‡UªvcÖæmvBW `ªeY wgkv‡j hw` Mvp
[RU-Science,Set-1: 2018-19; DU-HE 2019-20] †e¸wb eY© Drcbœ nq Z‡e mvjdv‡ii Dcw¯wZ wbwðZ|
A. Ca2+ B. Zn2+ C. Fe2+ D. Na+ Na2S(aq) + Na2 [Fe(CN)5NO] (aq)Na4 [Fe(CN)5NOS] (aq)
mwVK DËi: A. Ca2+ †mvwWqvg bvB‡UªvcÖymvBW
e¨vL¨v: Avqb kbv³Ki‡Yi PvU© jÿ¨ Ki| 04. NH4Cl Ges NH4OH Gi Rjxq wgkÖY Øviv wb‡¤œi †Kvb& Avqb Aatwÿß n‡e?
3+
02. Rjxq `ªe‡Y Al Avqb kbv³Ki‡Y wb‡¤œi †Kvb weKviK eëüZ nq? [CU. 2014-15]
[RU-Science-2,Set-3: 2018-19] A. Al3+ B. Zn2+ C. Mg2+ D. Ca2+ E. Ni2+
3+
A. HCl B. NH4OH C. FeSO4 D. AgNO3 mwVK DËi: A. Al
mwVK DËi: B. NH4OH 06. A‣Re je‡Yi MÖæc we‡køl‡Y MÖæc- IIIA Gi MÖæc weKviK n‡”Q-
e¨vL¨v: `ªe‡Y Avqb kbv³KiY: [CU.2009-2010, HSTU- 16-17, CVASU- 18-19]
A. HCl+H2S B. NH4Cl+NH4OH C. HCl
Avqb eëüZ `ªeY D. NH Cl+NH OH+H S E. NH Cl+NH OH+(NH
4 4 2 4 4 4)2 CO3
Al3+ mwVK DËi: B. NH 4 Cl+NH 4 OH
Zn2+ NH4OH Gi `ªeY 07. bvB‡Uªv‡Rb kbv³KiY cixÿvq m„ó Mvp bxj e‡Y©i †h․MwU nj- [CU.2007-08]
Ca2+, Cu2+ A. Na4[Fe(CN)6] B. Na2[Fe(CN)5NO] C. Fe[SCNCl2]
03. Pzbvcv_‡ii Dci jNy H2SO4 †hvM Ki‡j wb‡Pi †Kvb †h․MwU Drcbœ nq? D. Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 E. Fe2[Fe(CN)6]
[RU-F3.2017-18]
mwVK DËi: D. Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3
A. H3PO3 B. CO2 C. CO3 D. SO2
mwVK DËi: B. CO2 IU
e¨vL¨v: CaCO3 + H2SO4  CaSO4 + CO2 + H2O 01. †d¬ v‡i‡m›U jvBU ev‡j¦ bxj eY© wewKi‡Yi Rb¨ eëüZ nq- [IU-F,Set-B:2018-19]
3+
A. Y2O3: Eu B. CeMgA11O19:Tb3+
04. AgCl cvwb‡Z - [RU:2009-2010]
C. BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ D. Y2O3:Tb3+
A. wewµqv K‡i B. A`ªeYxq C. wewµqv K‡i bv D. `ªeYxq 2+
mwVK DËi: B. A`ªeYxq mwVK DËi: C. BaMgAl10O17:Eu
e¨vL¨v: n¨v‡jv‡Rbmg~‡ni g‡a¨ ïay AgF cvwb‡Z `ªeYxq| e¨vL¨v: wewfbœ dm‡dvi Gi wewKi‡bi eY©
05. A¨vjywgwbqvg †K¬vivB‡Wi Av`ª© we‡kølY wewµqvi mwVK Dc¯vcb n‡”Q- dm‡dvi eY©
3+
[RU. 2009-2010] Y 2 O 3 : E ᵁ jvj
A. AlCl3+3H2OAl(OH)3+3H2O CeMgAl11O19:Tb3+ meyR
BaMgAl10O17: Eᵁ2+ bxj
B. AlCl3+3H2O ⇌ Al(OH)3+3HCl
C. AlCl3+3H2O Al(OH)3+3HCl 02. we‡kølYx MÖæc-II -Gi AšÍ©f~³ avZe Avqb¸‡jv kbv³Ki‡Y eëüZ nq-
D. AlCl3+3H2O = Al(OH)3+3HCl [IU-A.2017-18]
mwVK DËi: B. AlCl3 + 3H2O ⇌ Al(OH)3 + 3HCl A. HCl & H 2 S B. HCl & CaCO 3
C. H2S & NaOH D. NaCl
e¨vL¨v: AlCl3 Gi Av`ª© we‡kølY- MÖæc IIIA Gi 2q †g․j A¨vjywgwbqvg GKwU
mwVK DËi: A. HCl & H2S
avZz nIqvq Zvi †K¬vivB‡Wi Av`ª© we‡køl‡Yi cÖeYZv A‡bK Kg| Rjxq 03. MÖæc III(A)-Gi avZe Avqbmg–n nvB‡Wªv·vBW wn‡m‡e Aatwÿß Kivi Rb¨
`ªe‡Y AlCl3 Av`ª© we‡køwlZ n‡q Al(OH)3 I HCl GwmW Drcbœ K‡i| d‡j NH4OH Gi m‡½ eënvi Kiv nq- [IU. 2015-16]
AlCl3 Gi Rjxq `ªeY A¤øxq nq| Z‡e G wewµqv DfgyLx| A. NH4Cl B. KOH C. NH3 D. NaCl
AlCl3 + 3H2O ⇌ Al(OH)3 + 3HCl mwVK DËi: A. NH4Cl
AlCl3 Gi `ªe‡Y wKQz GwmW †hvM Kiv n‡j wewµqvwU evg w`‡K m‡i _v‡K DU-HE
A_©vr Av`ª© we‡kølY eÜ _v‡K| G Kvi‡Y AlCl3 Gi Rjxq `ªeY •Zwii mgq 01. wb‡Pi †Kvb jeYwU NaOH Gi Rjxq `ªe‡Yi mv‡_ mv`v Aat‡ÿc Ges
Zv‡Z wKQz HCl GwmW †hvM Ki‡Z nq| MÖæc- IIIA Gi Ab¨vb¨ †g․j Pb(NO3) `ªe‡Yi mv‡_ njy` Aat‡ÿc †`q? [DU-HE. 2019-20]
AwaKZi avZe nIqvq Zv‡ì †K¬vivB‡Wi Av`ª© we‡kølY cÖeYZv Av‡iv Kg| A. CaCl2 B. MgSO4 C. NaBr D. ZnI2
CU mwVK DËi: D. ZnI2
01. 0.3 M HCl Gi Dcw¯wZ‡Z H2S M¨vm cÖevwnZ Ki‡j †Kvb AvqbwU `ªe‡Y e¨vL¨v: Zn2+ Gi mv‡_ NaOH †hvM Kivi d‡j Zn(OH)2 Gi mv`v Aat‡ÿc c‡o|
Aat‡ÿc w`‡e? [CU-A.2019-20] ZnI2 + NaOH  Zn(OH)2 + 2NaI
A. Sn2+ B. Ba2+ C. Mg2+ D. Zn2+ ZnI2 Gi mv‡_ Pb(NO3) †hvM Ki‡j ZnNO3 Gi mv`v Aat‡ÿc c‡o|
mwVK DËi: A. Sn2+ ZnI2 + Pb(NO3)  ZnNO3 + PbI2
e¨vL¨v: ¸YMZ imvq‡b Group-II Gi c`v_©¸‡jv A`ªeYxq avZe mvjdvBW
Avq‡b cwiYZ nq| STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION
02. A¤øxq `ªe‡Y H2S Pvjbv Ki‡j †KvbwUi Aat‡ÿc co‡e bv?[CU-A.2017-18] SUST
A. Hg2+ B. Cd2+ C. Bi3+ D. Fe2+ 01. GKwU Rjxq `ªe‡Y AgNO3 †hvM Ki‡j mv`v Aat‡ÿ‡c c‡o hv HNO3 G
mwVK DËi: D. Fe2+ A`ªeYxq wKš‧ NH4OH G mn‡R `ªeYxq| Zvn‡j H `ªe‡Y †Kvb Avqb
e¨vL¨v: A¤øxq `ªe‡Y H2S Pvjbv Ki‡j Pb2+, Cu2+, Hg2+, Bi3+, Cd2+Gi Dcw¯Z? [SUST. 2017-18.]
- - 2- 2-
Aat‡ÿc c‡o| A. CN B. NO 3 C. SO 3 D. CO 3 E. Cl-
-
03. ‘S’ kbv³Ki‡Y g~j `ªe‡Yi mv‡_ wb‡Pi †KvbwU hy³ Kiv nq? [CU-Ka.2016-17] mwVK DËi: E. Cl
A. NH4HCO3 B. Pb(CH3COO)2 C. Al2O3+NaOH e¨vL¨v: Cl- + AgNO3  AgCl  + NO3-
D. PbS E. Na2[Fe(CN)6(NO)] AgCl + 2NH4OH  [Ag (NH3)2] Cl + 2H2O
02. †KvbwU Rjxq `ªe‡Y A¤øag©x wewµqv cÖ`k©b K‡i? 3+
[SUST. 2014-15] e¨vL¨v: Fe `ªe‡Y cUvwmqvg †dwimvqbvBW `ªeY †hvM Ki‡j ev`vgx `ªeY m„wó nq|
A. C6H5NH2 B. NaCl C. Al2(SO4)3 D. NaHCO3 E. Na3PO4 Fe2++K4[Fe(CN)6nvjKv bxj Fe3++K4[Fe(CN)6]Mvp bxj
mwVK DËi: C. Al2(SO4)3 Fe2++K3[Fe(CN)6Mvp bxj Fe3++K3[Fe(CN)6]ev`vgx
e¨vL¨v: Al2(SO4)3 Gi Rjxq `ªeY A¤øagx©| KviY Rjxq `ªe‡Y GwU Al(OH)3
Fe2++3KCNS/NH4CNSNo Reaction Fe3++3KCNS/NH4CNS
Ges H2SO4 •Zix K‡i| hvi g‡a¨ H2SO4 ZxeªZi A¤ø| ‡dwiK _v‡qv mvqvbvB‡Ui i³ eY©
03. GKwU Rjxq `ªe‡Y A¨v‡gvwbqvg A·v‡jU `ªeY †hvM Ki‡j mv`v Aat‡ÿc
coj| H Aat‡ÿc A¨vwmwUK Gwm‡W A`ªeYxq wKš‧ Rjxq HCl G `ªeYxq| PUST
Rjxq `ªeYwU‡Z †Kvb avZzi Avqb we`¨gvb? [SUST. 2009-2010] 01 . †Kvb wgkÖ YwU Aat‡ÿc •Zwi Ki‡e? [PUST. 2019-20]
A. Be B. Al C. Ca D. Mg A . NaOH (Rjxq) I HCl (Rjxq)
mwVK DËi: C. Ca B. KOH (Rjxq) I Mg(NO3)2 (Rjxq)
e¨vL¨v: K¨vjwmqvg je‡Yi Rjxq `ªe‡Y A¨v‡gvwbqvg A·v‡jU `ªeY †hvM Ki‡j C. NaC2H3O2 (Rjxq) I HCl (Rjxq)
mv`v Aat‡ÿc c‡o| H Aat‡ÿc A¨vwmwUK Gwm‡W A`ªeYxq wKš‧ Rjxq D. AgNO3 (Rjxq) I Ca(C2H2O3) (Rjxq)
HCl- G `ªeYxq|
mwVK DËi: B. KOH (Rjxq) I Mg(NO3)2 (Rjxq)
e¨vL¨v: KOH I Mg(NO3)2 Gi Rjxq `ªe‡Y Mg(OH)2 Gi Aat‡ÿc c‡o|
JUST
g„rÿvi avZz I d eøK †g․‡ji avZzi nvB‡Wªv·vBW cvwb‡Z ¯^í `ªeYxq|
01. wb‡¤œi †Kvb RwUj †h․MwUi ¶vixq `ªeY‡K †bmjvi `ªeY e‡j?
[JUST-A, Set-Kha 2018-19; DU. 2016-07] DU Technology
A. KHgI3 B. K2Hg2I C. KaHgI3 D. K2HgI3 01. cvwb‡Z `ªeYxq je‡Yi `ªe‡Y Ba(NO3)2 `ªeY †hvM Ki‡j mv`v Aat‡¶c
mwVK DËi: A. KHgI3 c‡o hv jNy HCl G A`ªeYxq| jeYwUi FYvZ¥K Avqb †KvbwU?
e¨vL¨v: ‡bmjvi `ªeYt KHgI3 Gi ÿvixq `ªeY| GwU NH3 I NH4+ Avqb [DU-Projukti. 2019-20]
2 2
kbv³ Ki‡Y eëüZ nq| A. CO 3 B. SO 4 C. Br 
D. PO34
MBSTU mwVK DËi: B. SO24

01. †K¬vivBW Avqb (Cl) kbv³Ki‡Y †KvbwU eënvi Kiv nq? e¨vL¨v:  SO42 + Ba(NO3)2  BaSO4 + 2NO3
[MBSTU-A. 2019-20]  BaSO4 + HCl  A`ªeYxq
A. NaOH B. AgNO3 C. Ba(NO3)2 D. BaCl2
mwVK DËi: B. AgNO3
e¨vL¨v: Cl + AgNO3  AgCl (mv`v Aat‡ÿc) + NO3 KUET
01. GKwU bgybv je‡Yi ÿvixq `ªe‡Y H2S M¨vm cwiPvjbv K‡i mv`v Aat‡ÿc
02. ejq cixÿv Øviv kbv³ Kiv hvq-
[MBSTU-C,Set-2:2018-19; 2016-17; BSMRSTU. 2019-20; NSTU-A 2019-20] cvIqv †Mj| bgybv je‡Y †Kvb avZzwUi Dcw¯wZ wb‡`©k K‡i?[KUET. 2014-15]
A. SO24 B. NO3 C. CO32 D. Cl  A. Ni B. Co C. Mn D. Zn E. Al
mwVK DËi: D. Zn
mwVK DËi: B. NO3
e¨vL¨v: ZnSO4 + NaOH  Zn(OH)2 + Na2SO4; Zn(OH)2 + NaOH 
e¨vL¨v: ejq cixÿvq [Fe(H2O)5(NO)]SO4-Gi ev`vgx ejq •Zwi nq| Na2ZnO2 + H2O, Na2ZnO2 + H2O + H2S NaOH+ZnS
03. ‡Kvb AvqbwU A¨v‡gvwbqvg A·v‡jU `ªe‡Yi mv‡_ mv`v Aat‡ÿc m„wó K‡i? mv`v Aat‡ÿc
[MBSTU-A.2016-17] 02. GKwU cixÿv b‡j bgybv je‡Yi wKQz Ask wb‡q Zv‡Z †ewiqvg bvB‡UªU Gi
A. Al3+ B. Ca2+ C. K+ D. NH4+
2+ `ªeY †hvM Kiv n‡j mv`v Aat‡ÿc cvIqv †Mj, hv jNy HCl `ªe‡Y `ªexf~Z
mwVK DËi: B. Ca
nq bv| bgybv je‡Yi `ªe‡Y †Kvb g~j‡Ki Dcw¯wZ Av‡Q? [KUET. 2014-15]
e¨vL¨v: Ca2+(NH4)2C2O4CaC2O4 + 2NH4+
A. Cl -
B. S 2-
C. D. F -
E. CO 32
[mv`v Aat†ÿc (K¨vjwmqvg A·v‡jU)]
mwVK DËi: C.
BSMRSTU
01. ‡bmjvi `ªeY Øviv †KvbwU kbv³ Kiv hvq? [BSMRSTU:2018-19; JU. 19-20]
e¨vL¨v: SO 24   Ba ( NO 3 ) 2 HCl
 BaSO 4  2 NO 3
A. NH4+ B. Na+ C. Ca2+ D. Al3+ 03. wb‡gœi †Kvb MÖæc-weKviKwU Cr avZzi Dcw¯wZ wbY©q K‡i? [KUET:2013-14]
mwVK DËi: A. NH4 + A. Group-IIB B. Group-IIIA
+ C. Group-IIIB D. Group-IV E. Group-V
e¨vL¨v: NH4 Avqb kbv³Ki‡Y eëüZ nq †bmjvi `ªeY|
mwVK DËi: B. Group-IIIA
02. H2S cÖ¯‧Z Kivi mgq DcRvZ wn‡m‡e †KvbwU cvIqv hvq?
[BSMRSTU-B.2017-18] RUET
A. H2SO4 B. FeSO4 C. hamper D. bends 01. wbgœ Avqb ¸‡jvi ga¨ †_‡K A¤ø kbv³ Ki| [RUET.2013-14]
mwVK DËi: B. FeSO4 A. [Al(OH)(H2O)5]2+ B.[Al(H2O)6]3+
e¨vL¨v: wKc&m h‡š¿ FeS †_‡K H2S cÖ¯‧Z Kv‡j DcRvZ wn‡m‡e FeSO4 Drcbœ C. [Fe(OH)2(H2O)4] D. [Cu(OH)(H2O)3]+ E. None
3+
nq| FeS + H2SO4  FeSO4 + H2S mwVK DËi: B.[Al(H2O)6]
e¨vL¨v: Al H 2O 6  G Al3  Gi mv‡_ H 2 O AYyi ms‡hvR‡bi mgq cvwbi
3
03. Fe2+ je‡Y K3[Fe(CN)6 †hvM Ki‡j †Kvb e‡Y©i Aa:‡ÿc Drcbœ nq?
[BMSTU. B. 2016-17, PBSTU-A1/A2.2016-17]
A. jvj B. ev`vwg C. wUqv D. Mvp bxj AYyi Aw·‡Rb †_‡K e  , Al3 Gi w`‡K avweZ nq d‡j H 2 O Gi
mwVK DËi: D. Mvp bxj O  H eÜb †f‡½ H  wegy³ nq|
02. wb‡gœi †Kvb `ªeY FeIII Avqb kbv³Ki‡Y eënvi Kiv nq? ASPECT SERIES 
e¨vL¨v: PbO2 cvwb‡Z A`ªeYxq| Z‡e HCl, nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cviA·vBW, A·vwjK
[RUET. 2013-14] GwmW ev Ab¨vb¨ weRvi‡Ki Dcw¯wZ‡Z jNy HNO3 ÿvixq Av‡qvWvBW
A. NH4OH B. NH4SCN C. Na2S2O3 D. KMnO4 E. None `ªeY, Mig Kw÷K †mvWv‡Z `ªeYxq| GwU A¨vwmwUK Gwm‡W `ªeYxq n‡jI
mwVK DËi: A. NH4OH
A¨vj‡Kvn‡j `ªeYxq bq| [Ref: W. nvRvix|]
e¨vL¨v: NH 4 OH ‡h․‡M Fe3 Gi ev`vgx Aat‡ÿc m„wó nq| weKí e¨vL¨v: Pb4+ K¨vUvq‡bi Aw¯wZkxjZvi Rb¨ †jW-WvBA·vBW Dò
BUTex GwmW¸‡jvi mv‡_ wewµqv K‡i AwaK w¯wZkxj Pb2+ Ae¯v I gy³
01. mvj‡dU `ªe‡Y †jW Gwm‡UU †hv‡M cÖvß Aat‡ÿc wK‡m A`ªeYxq? Aw·‡R‡b iƒcvšÍwiZ nq|
[BUTex-2016-17] 2PbO2 + 2H2SO4  2PbSO4 + 2H2O + O2
A. Mvp HNO3(Cons. HNO3) B. jNy HNO3(Dil HNO3) 2PbO2+ 4HNO3  2Pb(NO3)2 + 2H2O + O2
C. Mvp H2SO4(Conc. H2SO4) D.jNy H2SO4(Dil H2SO4) PbO2 + 4HCl PbCl2+ 2H2O + Cl2
mwVK DËi: B. jNy HNO3(Dil HNO3)
e¨vL¨v: †jW mvj‡d‡Ui mv`v Aat‡ÿc c‡o| Aat‡ÿc jNy HNO3-G DAT
2+
A`ªeYxq|Na2SO4 + (CH3COO)2PbPbSO4  +CH3COONa 01. Zn wbwðZKi‡Y weKvi‡Ki bvg Kx? [DAT. 2016-17]
(mv`v Aat) A. cUvwmqvg †dwimvqvbvBW B. cUvwmqvg †d‡ivmvqvbvBW

C. cUvwmqvg †µv‡gU D. cUvwmqvg cvB‡iv A¨vw›U‡gv‡bU
STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION mwVK DËi: B. cUvwmqvg †d‡ivmvqvbvBW
MAT e¨vL¨v: wRsK Avqb (Zn2+) Gi wbwðZKiY cixÿvt
01. `ªe‡Y Na+ Avqb kbv³Ki‡Y wb‡Pi †KvbwU eëüZ nq? weKviK Drcbœ †h․M Aat‡ÿ‡ci eY©
[MAT.2016-17,JU.2017-18, m.‡ev. 2018, P. †ev. 2017, iv. †ev. 2016] cUvwkqvg †d‡ivmvqvbvBW Zn2[Fe(CN)6] mv`v
A. (NH4)2C2O4 B. K2H2Sb2O7 C. Na2H2Sb2O7 D. AgNO3 (K4[Fe(CN)6]
mwVK DËi: B. K2H2Sb2O7 H2S ZnS mv`v
+
e¨vL¨v: Na Avqb kbv³Ki‡b eënvi Kiv nq cUvwkqvg cvB‡iv A¨vw›U‡g‡bU
Board Ques.
Na+ Gi mv‡_ wewµqv K‡i †mvwWqvg cvB‡iv A¨vw›U‡gv‡bU Gi mv`v
01. eøy-Møv‡mi ga¨ w`‡q †Mvjvwc jvj e‡Y©i †`Lvq †Kvb K¨vUvqb? [e.‡ev.2016]
Aa:†ÿc ‣Zwi K‡i| + + 2+ 2+
A. Na B. K C. Ca D. Cu
2 NaCl + K2H2Sb2O7 (aq)  Na2H2Sb2O7(s) + 2KCl(aq) mwVK DËi: B. K+
mv`v Aa:†ÿc
02. cUvwmqvg cvB‡iv A¨vw›U‡gv‡bU `ªeY Øviv †Kvb K¨vUvqb kbv³ Kiv hvq?
02. PbO2 †K `ªexf~Z Ki‡Z wb‡Pi †KvbwU eënvi Kiv hv‡e? [MAT.2016-17]
A. NH4+ B. Na+ C. Ca2+ D. Zn2+
A. HCI B. H2SO4 C. HNO3 D. HO+H2O mwVK DËi: B. Na+
mwVK DËi: A/B/C
 CONCEPT 10 •Re †h․‡Mi Avw½K we‡kølY
 Item-01: ‡Re †h․‡Mi weï×Zv I we‡køl‡Yi wewfbœ c×wZÑ
c`v‡_©i cÖK…wZ we‡kvab c×wZ
KwVb •Re †h․M (i) cwimªveY (ii) †Kjvmb (iii) AvswkK †Kjvmb (iv) EaŸ©cvZb (v) `ªveK wb®‥vkb I (vi) †µvg¨v‡UvMÖvwd
Zij •Re †h․M (i) cvZb (ii) AvswkK cvZb (iii) wb¤œPvc cvZb (iv) ev¯úcvZb (v) mgùzUb cvZb (vi) `ªveK wb®‥vkb I (vii) ivmvqwbK cÖYvjx
M¨vmxq •Re †h․M (i) †kvab cÖYvjx (ii) ZijxKi‡Yi ci cvZb
Zi‡ji cÖwZ †dvUv Nb
 Zi‡ji †h․‡Mi weï×Zvi gvb`Û:  Zi‡ji cÖwZ †dvUv Nb-    
Zi‡ji weï×Zvi gvb`Û cÖwZmiv¼ ùzUbv¼ NbZ¡
 Item-02: •Re †h․‡Mi we‡kvab c×wZ I we‡kl cÖ‡qvMt
c×wZ ‡h †ÿ‡Î ev hvi †ejvq cÖ‡hvR¨ cÖ‡qvM
cvZb i) ùzUb ZvcgvÎvq Ges ¯^vfvweK Pv‡c †h mKj Zij we‡qvwRZ Zij †h․‡Mi we‡kva‡bi Rb¨ cvZb c×wZ me©vwaK eëüZ nq|
(Distillation) nq bv ii) ZvcgvÎv 40° †m. A‡cÿv Gi AwaK nB‡j|
AvswkK cvZb i) KvQvKvwQ ùzUbvsK wewkó GKvwaK Zij c`v‡_©i wgkÖY ev wfbœ jNy •Zj †_‡K †ebwRb, cvB‡ivwjMwbqvm GwmW †_‡K B_vbj,
(Fractional ùzUbvs‡Ki Zij c`v‡_©i wgkªY‡K c„_K Ki‡Z| †iKwUdvBW w¯úwiU Drcv`b Ges †c‡Uªvwjqvg we‡kvab Ki‡Z|
Distillation) ii) ZvcgvÎv 40° †m. A‡cÿv Kg n‡j|
wb¤œPvc cvZb †h mKj Zij c`v_© ¯^vfvweK Ges Kg ZvcgvÎvq we‡qvwRZ (i) mvevb wk‡íi eR©¨-jvB (spent-lye) n‡Z weï× wMømvwib msMÖn
(Vacuum nq; ‡hgb-wdbvBj nvBWªvwRb, B_vBj g¨v‡jv‡bU, B_vBj Ki‡Z (ii) wPwb wk‡í Av‡Li im‡K Mvp Ki‡Z|
Distillation) A¨vwm‡Uv A¨vwm‡UU Gi wb¤œPvc cvZb Kiv nq|
ev®ú ev ÷xg cvZb cvwb‡Z A`ªeYxq I dzUšÍ cvwb‡Z we‡hvwRZ nq bv K. myMwÜ dzj n‡Z dz‡ji wbh©vm msMªn|
wKš‧ ÷x‡gi ZvcgvÎvq DØvqx c`v‡_©i †ÿ‡Î L. Dw™¢` n‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq †Zj msMÖn|
(Steam M. †jgb MÖvm n‡Z mvBUªvBj bvgK myMwÜ AvniY|
Distillation) N. A¨v‡iv‡gwUK †h․‡Mi A‡_©v mgvYy‡K c¨viv mgvYy †_‡K c„_K Kiv
O. wewµqvq D™¢~Z DØvqx Zij DcRvZ‡K Ac`ªe¨ †_‡K Avjv`vKiY|
P. A¨vwbwjb cÖ¯‧wZ‡Z D×vqx A¨vwbwjb‡K bvB‡Uªv‡ebwRb n‡Z c„_KxKiY|
c×wZ ‡h †ÿ‡Î ev hvi †ejvq cÖ‡hvR¨ cÖ‡qvM
`ªveK wb®‥vkb A. Rjxq `ªeY n‡Zt †K¬v‡ivdig I A¨vj‡Kvnj wgkªY c„_KxKiY|
(Solvent B. KwVb c`v_© n‡Zt
Extraction) (i) Mv‡Qi cvZv I evKj n‡Z wewfbœ •Re †h․M wb®‥vkb (ii) bvwi‡Kj kvu‡mi ¸uov n‡Z bvwi‡Kj •Zj wb®‥vkb
(iii) kmëxR n‡Z myMwÜ •Zj wb®‥vkb (iv) gwi‡Pi ¸ov n‡Z jvj is wb®‥vkb
cwimªveY KwVb •Re †h․M n‡Z A`ªeYxq I fvmgvb `ªe¨ AcmviY
‡Kjvmb (i) Aweï× Lv`¨ jeY †_‡K weï× jeY c„_KxKiY (ii) wPwb wk‡í wPwbi im n‡Z wPwb c„_KxKiY
AvswkK †Kjvmb KvQvKvwQ ùzUbvsK wewkó `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK Zij c`v‡_©i wgkÖY‡K Ask Kjvghy³ GKwU cvZb d¬v‡¯‥ Zvc cÖ‡qvM K‡i Dcv`vb¸‡jv‡K wbR
wbR ùzUbvs‡K cvwZZ K‡i c„_K Kivi c×wZ‡K AvswkK cvZb e‡j| ‡hgb-wPwb wk‡í Ac`ªe¨ n‡Z wPwb c„_KxKiY|
 EaŸ©cvwZZ c`v_©‡K Dr‡ÿc (sublimate) e‡j|  ‡eb‡RvwqK GwmW, Kc~©i I Av‡qvwWb‡K AbyØvqx †fRvj n‡Z we‡kvab
DaŸ©cvZb  evsjvi †Kv_vI Avgv‡ì wbZz †bB- evsjvi †Kv_vI Avgv‡ì wbZz †bB
(SUBLIMATION)
    
†eb‡RvwqK GwmW Kc~©i Av‡qvwWb wbkv`j b¨vc_wjb
 AvswkK cvZ‡bi eënvi: †c‡c †_‡K †K‡iv-weU †_‡K Avjy-

†c‡c †_‡K †K †iv we U Avjy
 †c‡c     weU   
†_‡K †K‡iv- †c‡Uªvwjqvg †K‡ivwmb †iKwUdvBW †_‡K Avjy- †ebwRb UjyBb †_‡K AvjKvZivi Ask cvZb
†_‡K wW‡Rj w¯úwiU
 Item-03: wKQy †g․‡ji cwigvY wbY©‡qi c×wZt

‡g․‡ji bvg c×wZ ‡g․‡ji bvg c×wZ
bvB‡Uªv‡Rb Wygv, ‡RjWvj,`nb mvjdvi cwiewZ©Z K¨vwiqvm
n¨v‡jv‡Rb K¨vwiqvm GwmW/ÿvi UvB‡Uªkb
 SAQ
Broad Ans Question
cÖkœ-1 : eÈb ¸Yv‡¼i gvb KZ n‡j `ªveK wb®‥vkb fv‡jv nq?

DËi : eÈb ¸Yv‡¼i gvb 100 ev Gi KvQvKvwQ n‡j `ªveK wb®‥vkb fv‡jv nq|
cÖkœ-2 : eÈb ¸Yv¼ Kv‡K e‡j?
A †Z `ª‡ei NbgvÎv
DËi : hw` †Kvb `ªe `ywU ci¯úi AwgkÖYxq `ªveK A I B Gi g‡a¨ ewÈZ n‡q mvg¨ve¯vi m„wó K‡i Zvn‡j w¯i ZvcgvÎvq, = aªæeK (KD);
B †Z `ª‡ei NbgvÎv
G‡K eÈb ¸Yv¼ ejv nq|
cÖkœ-3 : †Kjvmb kxZjxKiY axi MwZ‡Z Kiv nq †Kb?
DËi : †Kjv‡mi AvKvi eo Kivi Rb¨|
cÖkœ-4 : UxKv †jL: `ªveK wb®‥vkb (SOLVENT EXTRACTION):
DËi : †Kvb •Re †h․M‡K Gi Rjxq `ªeY ev Ab¨ †Kvb wgwkÖZ Ae¯v †_‡K GKwU Dchy³ `ªve‡K `ªexf~Z K‡i c„_K Kivi c×wZ‡K `ªveK wb®‥vkb e‡j| `ªveK
wb®‥vk‡bi g~jbxwZ n‡jv bvb©‡÷i eÈb bxwZ| eÈb m~Î g‡Z, w¯i ZvcgvÎvq `yÕwU ci¯úi AwgkÖYxq A I B `ªve‡Ki g‡a¨ c„_K `ªve¨Zv wewkó †Kvb `ªe¨
†hvM K‡i SvuKv‡j H `ªe¨wU Dfq `ªve‡K Ggbfv‡e ew›UZ ev `ªexf~Z nq †hb Dfq `ªve‡K `ª‡ei NbgvÎvi AbycvZ w¯i _v‡K|
(1) eëüZ wbw`©ó cwigvY `ªveK Øviv `ªeYwU GKevi gvÎ wb®‥vkb Ki‡j, Awb®‥vwkZ e¯‧i cwigvY n‡e,
n
(2) eëüZ wbw`©ó cwigvY `ªveK Øviv `ªeYwU n evi wb®‥vkb Ki‡j, Awb®‥vwkZ e¯‧i cwigvY n‡e,
cÖkœ-5 : AvswkK cvZb Kx? [iv.‡ev., Kz.‡ev, P.‡ev-2018; Kz.‡ev-2017; wm.‡ev-2015; h.‡ev. 2019]
cÖkœ-6 : ‡nbwii m~ÎwU †jL|
DËi : Concept-8, Item-1 `ªóe¨|
cÖkœ-7 : wb¤œPvc-cvZb Kx? [w`.‡ev. 2017; Xv.‡ev. 2019]
cÖkœ-8 : `ªveK wb®‥vkb Kx? [wm.‡ev.2015, 2016; Kz.‡ev. 2019]

STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION KU
01. (I2 + NaCl) Gi wgkÖY n‡Z Av‡qvwWb c„_KxKiY cÖwµqv †KvbwU?
DU [KU-C.2019-20]
01. Acwi‡kvwaZ †c‡Uªvwjqvg we‡kva‡b †h cÖwµqv AwaK Kvh©Ki- [DU-Ka.2016-17] A. ev®ú cvZb B. AvswkK cvZb C. DaŸ©cvZb D. wb¤œPvc cvZb
A. Distillation B. Steam distillation mwVK DËi: C. DaŸ©cvZb
C. Sublimation D. Fractional distillation 02. †jmvBb cixÿv †Kvb †h․‡Mi kbv³Ki‡Y eëüZ nq? [KU.2012-2013]
mwVK DËi: D. Fractional distillation A. A‣Re GwmW B. •Re GwmW C. Am¤ú„³ D. •Re †h․M
e¨vL¨v: cwi‡kvwaZ †c‡Ævwjqvg‡K AvswkK cvZb ev Fractional distillation mwVK DËi: D. •Re †h․M
cÖwµqvq nvB‡WªvKve©b mg~n‡K c„_K Kiv nq| AvswkK cvZ‡bi Ab¨vb¨ 03. Zij •Re †h․‡Mi weï×Zvi gvb`Û- [KU.2012-2013]
eënvit jNy •Zj †_‡K †ebwRb, cvB‡ivwjMwbqvm GwmW †_‡K B_vbj, A. Mjbv¼ B. Av‡cwÿK ¸iæZ¡ C. ùzUbv¼ D. Pvc
†iKwUdvBW w¯úwiU •Zwi Kiv nq| mwVK DËi: C. ùzUbv¼
02. wfbœ ùzUbvsK- Gi `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK Zi‡ji wgkªY †_‡K weï× Dcv`vb c„_K IU
Kivi c×wZ †KvbwU? [DU.2000-01,1999-2000,2003-04; CU. 2016-17] 01. `ywU wfbœ Zi‡j †Kv‡bv `ª‡ei `ªve¨Zvi gvÎv Kg I †ewk n‡j H `ªe‡K Kg
A. cwimªveY B. ‡Kjvmb C. EaŸ©cvZb D. AvswkK cvZb `ªve¨Zv wewkó Zij †_‡K Kxfv‡e c„_K Kiv nq? [IU-D.2019-20]
mwVK DËi: D. AvswkK cvZb A. AvswkK cvZb B. `ªveK wb®‥vkb C. cvZb D. wb¤œPvc cvZb
JnU mwVK DËi: B. `ªveK wb®‥vkb
01. •Re †h․‡Mi weï×Zv †KvbwUi gva¨‡g wbY©q Kiv nq? [JnU.2005-06] 02. Kve©b Ges nvB‡Wªv‡R‡bi cwigvY wbY©q Kivi c×wZi bvg- [IU. 2014-15]
A. `nb B. `ªve¨Zv wbY©q C. Mjbv¼ wbY©q D. mv›`ªZv wbY©q A. Leibig's B. Duma's C. Carious D. Kjeldhal's
mwVK DËi: C. Mjbv¼ wbY©q mwVK DËi: A. Leibig's
e¨vL¨v: Mjbv¼ ‣Re †h․‡Mi weï×Zv wbY©‡qi mwVK c×wZ| [¸n m¨vi/ 2qcÎ] e¨vL¨v: Leibig's  Kve©b Ges nvB‡Wªv‡Rb wbY©q Kivi c×wZ|
JU Duma's+ Kjeldhal's  bvB‡Uªv‡Rb wbY©q Kivi c×wZ|
01. †KvbwU dz‡ji wbh©vm n‡Z myMwÜ msMÖn Kivi c×wZ? [JU-D, Set-A. 2019-20] Carious  n¨v‡jv‡Rb wbY©q Kivi c×wZ|
A. cvZb B. AvswkK cvZb Modified Carious  mvjdvi wbY©q Kivi c×wZ|
C. ev®ú cvZb D. EaŸ© cvZb STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION
mwVK DËi: C. ev®ú cvZb SUST
02. †Kvb c×wZ‡Z kK©iv n‡Z MuvRb cÖwµqvq cÖvß Zij n‡Z †iKwUdvBW 01. †Kvb wgkª‡Yi GKwU Zij Dcv`vb‡K Zvc cÖ‡qv‡M ev‡®ú cwiYZ K‡i H
w¯úwiU Drcv`b Kiv nq? [JU-D: 2019-20] ev®ú‡K kxZj I Nbxf~Z K‡i Avevi Zi‡j cwiYZ K‡i wgkªY †_‡K c„_K
A. cvZb B. AvswkK cvZb C. ev®ú cvZb D. EaŸ©cvZb Kivi cÖwµqv‡K ejv nqÑ [SUST-A.2016-17]
mwVK DËi: B. AvswkK cvZb A. cwimªveY B. `ªveK wb®‥vkb C. Awa‡kvlY D. EaŸ©cvZb E .cvZb
03. wPwb wk‡í Av‡Li im‡K Mvp Kivi c×wZÑ [JU-D: 2019-20] mwVK DËi: E.cvZb
A. cvZb B. AvswkK cvZb C. wb¤œPvc cvZb D. EaŸ© cvZb e¨vL¨v: cvZb = ev®úxfeb + Nbxfeb|
mwVK DËi: A. cvZb JUST
04. †Kvb cÖwµqvwU Zij •Re †h․‡Mi we‡kva‡b eëüZ nq? [JU.2009-2010]
01. Mv‡Qi cvZv I evKj †_‡K A¨vjKvj‡qW RvZxq Jla wb®‥vkb Kiv nq
A.EaŸ©cvZb B.AvswkK †Kjvmb C.ev®úcvZb D.cwimªveY †Kvb c×wZ‡Z? [JUST-B. 2016-17]
mwVK DËi: C. ev®ú cvZb A. ev®úcvZb B. EaŸ©cvZb C. `ªveK wb®‥vkb D. wbgœcvZb
RU mwVK DËi: C. `ªveK wb®‥vkb
01. imvq‡b GKvwaK †h․‡Mi wgkÖY n‡Z Dcv`vb c„_KxKiY c×wZ bq †KvbwU? 02. ‡KvbwUi mvnv‡h¨ ‣Re‡h․‡M Kve©b WvB A·vB‡Wi Dcw¯wZ cÖgvY Kiv hvq?
[RU-Science-2,Set-3: 2018-19] [JUST- 2012-2013]
A. ELISA B. HPLC C. TLC D. GC A. Cu2Cl2 B. AgNO3 C. Cu2S D. KMnO4
mwVK DËi: A. ELISA mwVK DËi: C. Cu2S
e¨vL¨v: GKvwaK †h․‡Mi wgkÖY n‡Z Dcv`vb c„_KxKi‡Y eëüZ nq †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd| e¨vL¨v: weï× •Re †h․M I Abv`ª© wKDwcÖK A·vBW CuO Gi cÖvq 1:3 cwigvY
02. KwVb •Re †h․M we‡kva‡bi Rb¨ eëüZ c×wZ- [RU.2008-09] wgkªY‡K k³ KvPb‡j DËß Ki‡j (CuO) Øviv •Re †h․‡M Dcw¯Z C, H
A. DaŸ©cvZb B. ‡Kjvmb C. AvswkK cvZb D. A I B DfqB RvwiZ nq CO2 I Rjxq ev®ú (H2O) Drcbœ K‡i|
mwVK DËi: D. A I B DfqB (•Re †h․M¯ C, H) + 3 CuO 

 CO2+H2O+3Cu
CU MBSTU
01. †Kvb •Re †h․M‡K Zvi Rjxq `ªeY ev Ab¨ ‡Kvb wgwkÖZ Ae¯v †_‡K Dchy³ 01. `ywU wfbœ ùzUbvs‡Ki Zij wgkÖY‡K c„_K Kivi Dcvq †KvbwU?
`ªve‡K `ªexf~Z K‡i c„_K Kivi c×wZ‡K wK ejv nq? [CU-G. 2016-17] [MBSTU-C. 2019-20]
A. AvswkK cvZb B. †µv‡g‡UvMÖvwd A. wb¤œPvc cvZb B. w÷g cvZb C. AvswkK cvZb D. EaŸ©cvZb
C. `ªveK wb®‥vkb D. `ªveK cvZb mwVK DËi: C. AvswkK cvZb
mwVK DËi: C. `ªveK wb®‥vkb 02. cvZb mgvb wK? [MBSTU-B.2016-17]
02. wjweM ‡g_W eëüZ nq wb‡Pi ‡KvbwUi kbv³Ki‡Y? [CU-F. 2015-16] A. ev®úxfeb + Nbxfeb B.Nbxfeb + ev®úxfeb
A. Nitrogen B. Carbon and hydrogen C.ev®úxfeb + KwVbxfeb D. Mjb + ev®úxq feb
C. Sulfur D. Chlorine E. Bromine mwVK DËi: A. ev®úxfeb + Nbxfeb
mwVK DËi: B. Carbon and hydrogen e¨vL¨v: cvZb = ev®úxfeb + Nbxfeb
HSTU mwVK DËi: D. `yBwU wfbœ Zi‡ji wgkÖY hv GKwU w¯i ZvcgvÎvq dz‡U
01. wewfbœ ùzUbv¼ wewkó Zi‡ji wgkÖY n‡Z, Zij mg~n Avjv`v Kivi mwVK e¨vL¨v: A¨vwRIUªwcK wgkª‡Yi Aci bvg n‡”Q mgùzUb wgkªY ev w¯ivùzUbv¼
c×wZ †KvbwU? [HSTU-B. 2012-13] wgkªY A_©vr, `yBwU wfbœ Zi‡ji wgkÖY hv GKwU w¯i ZvcgvÎvq dz‡U|
A. cwi¯ªveY B. ‡µvgv‡UvMÖvwd C. AvswkK cvZb D.cvwb‡Z `ªeYxqZv STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION
mwVKDËit C.AvswkKcvZb
MAT
02. B_vbj cvZ‡bi mgq cvZb h‡š¿ evqyPvc Kg‡j B_vb‡ji ùzUbv¼-
[HSTU-B. 2012-13] 01. †Kvb wgkª Zij c`v‡_©i Dcv`vb mg~‡ni ùzUbvs‡Ki cv_©K¨ wb‡Pi KZ wWMÖx
A. evo‡e B. Kg‡e C. ‡Kvb cwieZ©b n‡e bv D. B_vbj ev¯úvwqZ n‡e bv (0C) n‡j AvswkK cvZb Ki‡Z nq? [MAT.2010-2011, IU-D. 2016-17]
mwVKDËit B. Kg‡e A. 40 Gi †ek Kg B. 40 Gi †ek Dc‡i
C. 50 Gi †ek Kg D. 50 Gi †ek Dc‡i
mwVK DËi: A. 40 Gi †ek Kg
CUET
01. A¨vwRIUªwcK wgkÖY wK? [CUET. 2015-16] DAT
A. mgmZ¡ `ªeY B. M¨vm Zij wgkªY 01 . b¨vc_¨vwj‡bi we‡kva‡b †Kvb cÖ wµqvwU eëüZ nq? [DAT- 2018-19]
C. GKB Nb‡Z¡i `yB Zi‡ji wgkÖY A. w÷gcvZb B. EaŸ©cvZb
D. `yBwU wfbœ Zi‡ji wgkÖY hv GKwU w¯i ZvcgvÎvq dz‡U C. wb¤œPvc cvZb D. AvswkK cvZb
E. Bgvjkb mwVK DËi: B . EaŸ© cvZb
 CONCEPT 11 †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd
 †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd : ‡µvgv‡UvMÖvwd kãwU wMÖK kã †µvgv (Croma) A_© is ev eY© Ges MÖvd (Graphin) A_© wPÎ †_‡K G‡m‡Q| A_©vr †µvgv‡UvMÖvwdi A_© ùvovq
eY©wPÎY| iæk Dw™¢`weÁvbx I cÖvY imvqbwe` m‡qU (Tswett) 1903 mv‡j me©cÖ_g G c×wZ m¤ú‡K© aviYv †`b|
†µvgv‡UvMÖvwd n‡jv GKwU we‡kølYx †f․Z cÖwµqv hvi mvnv‡h¨ GKwU wgkÖ‡Yi (•Re †h․‡Mi wgkÖY) Dcv`vbmg~n‡K Lye `ªæZ Ges mn‡R c„_K Kiv hvq|
 †µvgv‡UvMÖvwdi g~jbxwZ:  mKj ai‡bi †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd GKB g–jbxwZi wfwË‡Z KvR K‡i|
 cÖwZwU †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd‡Z GKwU KwVb (w¯i) `kv Ges AciwU Zij ev M¨vm (Pjgvb) `kv _v‡K|
 wgkÖ‡Yi Dcv`vbmg~‡ni D‡jøwLZ `kvØ‡qi mv‡_ wfbœ gvÎvi AvKl©YB n‡jv †µvgv‡UvMÖvwdi g~jbxwZ|
 †µvgv‡UvMÖvwdi cÖKvi‡f`:
c`v‡_©i †f․Z ag© I c„_KxKiY c×wZi g~jbxwZi Dci wfwË K‡i †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd cÖavbZ Pvi cÖKvi
†µvgv‡UvMÖvwd Bs‡iRx cÖwZkã D`vniY w¯i gva¨g Pjbkxj gva¨g
(i)Awa‡kvlY †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd Absorption chromatography (K) Kjvg †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd KwVb Zij
(L) cvZjv ¯Íi †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd (TLC)| KwVb Zij
(ii) eÈb ev wefvRb Partition chromatography (K) †ccvi †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd (PC); Zij Zij
†µvgv‡UvMÖvwd (L) M¨vm †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd (GC) Zij M¨vm
(iii)Avqb wewbgq †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd Ion Exchange chromatography (K) K¨vUvqb wewbgq †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd (L) A¨vbvqb wewbgq †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd
cwie¨vcb †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd Permeation chromatography †Rj cwie¨vcb †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd
mPj `kvq cÖK…wZi Dci wfwË K‡i †µvgv‡UvMÖvwdi Avevi `ywU fvM
M¨vm †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd Gas chromatography (K) M¨vm-Zij †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd (GLC); (L) M¨vm-KwVb †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd (GSC)
Zij †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd Liquid chromatography (K) Zij-Zij †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd (LLC); (L) Zij-KwVb †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd (LSC)
 †µvgv‡UvMÖvwdi †kÖYxwefvM:
e¨v †M A í Kjg
 e¨v‡M Aí Kjg-     
wefvRb M¨vm Awa‡kvlb cvZjv ¯Íi, †ccvi Kjvg
 ¸iæZ¡c~Y©†µvgv‡UvMÖvwd :
†µvgv‡UvMÖvwd ¸iæZ¡c~Y Z_¨ †µvgv‡UvMÖvwdi eënvi/cÖ‡qvM
weï×fv‡e (i) GKvwaK Dcv`v‡bi wgkÖY‡K c„_KxKiY (ii) ‡h †Kvb †h․M‡K Ac`ªe¨ (impurity) †_‡K we‡kvab (iii)
¯Í¤¢ ev Kjvg c„_KxKi‡Yi eûj cÖvK…wZK bgybv †hgb- Mv‡Qi evKj ev cvZvi wbh©vm BZ¨vw` †_‡K Dcv`vbmg–n c„_KxKiY I we‡kvab
†µvgv‡UvMÖvwd
cÖPwjZ c×wZ Ki‡Z Kjvg †µvgv‡UvMÖvdx eëüZ nq|
(i) GwU mve©Rbxb c„_KxKiY c×wZ
cvZjv¯Íi
(ii) cÖvq mKjcÖKvi ‣Re †h․M‡KB G cÖwµqvq c„_K Kiv nq|
cvZjv¯Íi †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd‡Z
(iii) wfUvwgb, †÷i‡qW, A¨vwg‡bv GwmW, wjwcW BZ¨vw` •Re Dcv`vb‡K c„_KxKiY I kbv³KiY Kiv nq|
†µvgv‡UvMÖvwd mylg¯Íimn †cøU‡K
(iv) M‡elYvMv‡i mKj cÖKvi wf‡miv wi‡cvU© Gi GwU GKwU mvaviY c×wZ|
TLC †cøU e‡j|
(v) •Re bgybvq welv³ Dcv`vb Dcw¯wZ kbv³KiY Kiv hvq|
†ccvi wdëvi KvMR  GwU LyeB mvaviY I eûj cÖPwjZ c×wZ|
†µvgv‡UvMÖvdx eëüZ nq  (i) myMvi (ii) A¨vgvB‡bv GwmW (iii) wjwcW (iv) wbDwK¬K GwmW BZ¨vwì wgkÖY‡K kbv³Ki‡Y I c„_K Kivi Rb¨
HPLC(High D”P gv‡bi Zij M‡elYvMv‡i, Jla wk‡í, cÖmvabx wk‡í, •Re †h․‡Mi c„_KxKiY kbv³KiY, gvb wbqš¿Y I cwigvY
Performance Liquid
†µvgv‡UvMÖvwd wbiƒc‡Y GwU eûj eëüZ nq|
Chromatography)

SAQ
Broad Ans Question
cÖkœ-01 :
†µvgv‡UvMÖvwd k‡ãi AvwfavwbK A_© Kx?
DËi :
†µvgv‡UvMÖvwd k‡ãi AvwfavwbK A_© eY©wPÎY ev eY© wjLb|
cÖkœ-02 :
Rf Kx?
DËi :
Rf nj Dcv`vb I `ªveK KZ…©K AwZµvšÍ `~i‡Z¡i AbycvZ,
`ªe KZ…K AwZµvšÍ `yiZ¡ (h2) h
A_©vr RETARDATION FACTOR (Rf ) = `ªveK/ mPj `kv KZ…K AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ (h )  Rf = h2  1
1 1
cÖkœ-03 : Rf Gi •ewkó¨ wjL?

DËi : Rf Gi •ewkó¨:  Rf n‡jv `yBwU `~i‡Z¡i AbycvZ; ZvB Gi †Kvb GKK †bB|  Rf Gi gvb 1 Gi †P‡q Kg n‡e|
 `ªve‡Ki cÖK„wZi Dci Rf Gi gvb wbf©ikxj|  †Kvb †h․‡Mi Rf Gi gvb hZ †QvU n‡e †h․MwUi cÖK…wZ ZZ †ewk weï× n‡e|
cÖkœ-04 : †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd Kx? [iv.‡ev, Kz.‡ev, P.‡ev, e.‡ev.2018;P.‡ev. 2019; iv.‡ev. 2016; e.‡ev. 2016]
DËi : j¨ve‡iUwi‡Z GKwU RwUj wgkÖY †_‡K wewfbœ †h․M c„_KxKi‡Y †hme c×wZ eënvi Kiv nq †m¸‡jv‡K GK‡Î †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd e‡j|

STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION mwVK DËi: C. †ccvi †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd
DU
e¨vL¨v: †ccvi I M¨vm †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd eÈb ev wefvRb †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd|
01. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU‡K mvaviYZ Zij-Zij †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd e‡j? [DU. 2019-20] CU
A. Kjvg †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd B. KvMR †µv‡gv‡UvMÖvwd 01. ‡h †Kvb †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd‡Z †Kvb †h․‡Mi Rf Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwUi †ekx
C. M¨vm †µv‡gv‡UvMÖvwd D. cvZjv ¯Íi †µv‡gv‡UvMÖvwd n‡Z cv‡i bv? [CU-F1.2016-17]
mwVK DËi: B. KvMR †µv‡gv‡UvMÖvwd A. 2 B. 0.5 C. 1 D. 0.1 E. 5
e¨vL¨v: †ccvi †µv‡gv‡UvMÖvwd n‡jv e›Ub ev wefvRb †kÖwYi †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd mwVK DËi: C. 1
G‡ÿ‡Î wbw®…q gva¨g †nvqvUg¨vb wdëvi KvM‡R †kvwlZ cvwb w¯i gva¨g
KU
iƒ‡c Ges Pjbkxj ev mPj gva¨g iƒ‡c •Re `ªveK (Zij) eëüZ nq|
01. ‡Kvb †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd‡Z wnwjqvg M¨vm mPj gva¨g wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq?
ZvB GwU Zij-Zij †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd|
[KU-A.2017-18]
JnU A. TLC B. HPLC C.GLPC D. GC
01. Kjvg †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd‡Z w¯i gva¨g wnmv‡e eëüZ nq bv- [JnU-A.2017-18] mwVK DËi: D. GC
A. U¨vjK B.A¨vjywgbv C. wmwjKv D. ‡mjy‡jvR
e¨vL¨v: M¨vm †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd‡Z mPj `kv n‡jv wewfbœ wewµqvnxb M¨vm| †hgb :
mwVK DËi: A. U¨vjK
He, N2 BZ¨vw`| cÖvq 90% †ÿ‡Î He M¨vm eënvi Kiv nq, Z‡e KL‡bv
e¨vL¨v: Kjvg †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd‡Z w¯i gva¨g wn‡m‡e A¨vjywgbv (Al2O3) wmwjKv
KL‡bv H2 M¨vm I eënvi Kiv nq|
†Rj (SiO2), †mjy‡jvR, g¨vM‡bwkqvg I K¨vjwmqvg Kve©‡bU BZ¨vw` Ges
mPj gva¨g wn‡m‡e B_vbj, WvB-B_vBj B_vi, †ebwRb, Kve©b WvB- CoU
mvjdvBW, †K¬v‡ivdig, wg_vbj, UjyBb BZ¨vw` eëüZ nq| 01. †µv‡gv‡UMÖvwdi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK? [CoU–B. 2019-20]
02. Kjvg ‡µvgv‡UvMÖvwd‡Z w¯i gva¨g wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq bv- [JnU. 2015-16] A. GKvwaK mPj `kv _vK‡Z nq
A. ‡mjy‡jvR B. A¨vjywgbv C. wmwjKv D. Dj B. `ywU mPj `kv I wZbwU w¯i `kv _v‡K
mwVK DËi: D. Dj C. w¯i `kv _vKvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB
e¨vL¨v: Dj‡K Kjv‡gi wb‡Pi w`‡K ¯vcb K‡i G‡K evwji ¯Íi Øviv ‡X‡K †Ìqv D. Kgc‡ÿ 1wU K‡i mPj I w¯i `kv _v‡K
nq Avi w¯i `kv ev Awa‡kvlK wn‡m‡e wmwjKv †Rj, A¨vjywgbv, MgO, mwVK DËi: D. Kgc‡ÿ 1wU K‡i mPj I w¯i `kv _v‡K
CaCO3, ÷vP©/ †mjy‡jvR BZ¨vw` eëüZ nq| mPj `kv wn‡m‡e ‣Re `ªªveK
e¨vL¨v: w¯i `kv I Pjgvb `kv we`¨gvb| wgkÖ‡Yi Dcv`vb mg~n Awa‡kvlY
wg_vbj, †K¬v‡ivdg©, †ebwRb, UjyBb, WvB‡K¬v‡ivwg‡_b BZ¨vw` c„_Kfv‡e
nv‡ii wfbœZvi Kvi‡Y c„_K n‡q hvq| Awa‡kvl‡Yi nvi :- CHO < – NH2
wgkª‡Y eëüZ nq|
< – OH < – COOH †hgb- KvMR µgv‡UvMÖvwd‡Z mPj `kv wn‡m‡e Zij
JU c`v_© Ges w¯i gva¨g wn‡m‡e mvaviYZ cvwb _v‡K|
01. †Kvb †µvgv‡UvMÖvwdK cÖwµqvq Mv‡Qi cvZvi wbh©vm †_‡K Zvi 02. Mv‡Qi evKj ev cvZvi wbh©vm †_‡K Dcv`vbmg~n‡K c„_K Kiv nq wb‡Pi
Dcv`vb¸‡jv‡K c„_K Kiv hvq? [JU-D, Set-Q. 2019-20] †Kvb c×wZ‡Z? [CoU-A. 2016-17]
A. cvZjv ¯Íi B. Kjvg A. KvMR †µvgv‡UvMÖvdx B. Kjvg †µvgv‡UvMÖvdx
C. †ccvi D. Ab¨vbvqb C. AvswkK †Kjvmb D. AvswkK cvZb
mwVK DËi: B. Kjvg mwVK DËi: B. Kjvg †µvgv‡UvMÖvdx
02. †KvbwU wefvRb †µv‡gv‡UvMÖvwd? [JU-D9.2017-18] e¨vL¨v: Kjvg †µvgv‡UvMÖvdxi cÖ‡qvM :
A. Kjvg †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd B. cvZjv-¯Íi †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd i) GKvwaK •Re Dcv`v‡bi c„_KxKiY I we‡kva‡b
C. ‡ccvi †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd D. M¨vm-Zij †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd ii) cÖvK…wZK bgybv- Mv‡Qi cvZv ev wbh©vm n‡Z Dcv`v‡bi c„_KxKiY I we‡kvab|
IU e¨vL¨v: HPLC-Kjv‡g w¯i `kv wnmv‡e wmwjKv, A¨vjywgbv Ges cwj ÿvixq
01. Awa‡kvl‡Yi gvÎv I mPj `kvi `ªve¨Zv nv‡ii wfbœZv _vK‡j †Kv‡bv Avqb wewbgq †iwRb eënvi Kiv nq|
wgkÖ‡Yi Dcv`vb¸‡jv‡K †Kvb c×wZ‡Z ci¯úi †_‡K c„_K Kiv m¤¢e?
[IU. 2019-20; Xv.‡ev.2016] HSTU
A. `ªveK wb®‥vkb B. AvswkK †Kjvmb C. †µv‡gv‡UvMÖvwd D. cvZb 01. ‡µv‡gv‡UvMÖvwd‡Z Rf n‡jv- [HSTU-A.2016-17]
mwVK DËi: C. †µv‡gv‡UvMÖvwd Dcv`vb KZ… © K AwZµvšÍ `~ i Z¡ `ª v eK KZ… © K AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡
A. `ªveK KZ…©K AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ B.
Dcv`vb KZ©…K AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡
STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION Dcv`vb Ges `ªveK KZ…K AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ `ªveK KZ©…K AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡
C. Dcv`vb KZ…K AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ D. Dcv`vb Ges `ªveK KZ…©K AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡
SUST
01. ‡µvgv‡UvMÖvwd nj- [SUST-A.2016-17,MAT.2002-03] Dcv`vb KZ©…K AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡
mwVK DËi: A. `ªveK KZ…©K AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡
A.wgkªY c×wZ B. c„_KxKiY c×wZ C. ev®úxKiY c×wZ
D. ms‡hvRb c×wZ E. kxZjxKiY c×wZ NSTU
mwVK DËi: B. c„_KxKiY c×wZ 01. †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd‡Z Awa‡kvlK Øviv Awa‡kvl‡Yi µg-
MBSTU [XvKv †evW©-2019; wm‡jU †evW©-2016; NSTU-C 2009-10]
01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Rf gv‡bi MÖnY‡hvM¨ mxgv? [MBSTU-C,Set-2:2018-19]

A. – OH > – COOH > – NH2 B. –NH2 > –COOH > –OH
C. –OH > – NH2 > – COOH D. –COOH > –OH > – NH2
A. 0 ‡_‡K 1 B. 1 ‡_‡K 100 C. 0 ‡_‡K 2 D. 1 ‡_‡K 2
mwVK DËi: D. –COOH > –OH > – NH2
mwVK DËi: A. 0 ‡_‡K 1
e¨vL¨v: †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd‡Z Awa‡kvlK Øviv Awa‡kvl‡Yi µg:
e¨vL¨v: Rf Gi •ewkó¨: (i) Rf n‡jv `ywU `~i‡Z¡i AbycvZ, ZvB Rf Gi †Kvb GKK †bB
– COOH > –OH > – NH2 > – CHO
(ii) Rf gvb w¯i mvg¨ve¯v I Pjbkxj mvg¨ve¯v Gi Dci wbf©ikxj
(iii) Rf Gi gvb 0 I 1 Gi g‡a¨ _v‡K, Rf  1 nq| DU Technology
(iv) Rf ‡K retardation factor I ejv nq| 01. KvMR †µvg¨v‡UvMÖvwd‡Z w¯i `kv n‡”Q- [DU-Projukti. 2019-20]
BSMRSTU A. †n‡·b B. B_vbj

01. †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd Gi †ÿ‡Î wb‡Pi †Kvb Z_¨wU mZ¨ bq? C. KvM‡Ri cwi‡kvwaZ cvwb D. †mjy‡jvR
[BSMRSTU-C. 2019-20, 2017-18; JUST 2019-20] mwVK DËi: C. KvM‡Ri cwi‡kvwaZ cvwb
A. Rf n‡jv `ywU `~i‡Z¡i AbycvZ B. Rf < 1 STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION
C. Rf = 1 D. Rf Gi GKK Av‡Q
mwVK DËi: D. Rf Gi GKK Av‡Q BUTex
e¨vL¨v: Rf ‡h‡nZz `ywU `~i‡Z¡i AbycvZ ZvB Gi †Kvb GKK †bB| Rf Gi gvb 01. †Kvb †µvgv‡UvMÖ v wd‡Z cvwb I wg_vb‡ji wgkÖY‡K Pjgvb `kv wn‡m‡e
me©`v 1 Gi Kg| Rf Gi m‡e©v”P gvb 1 Ges me©wb¤œ gvb 0| eënvi Kiv nq? [BUTex.2015-16]
02. HPLC ‡Z mPj gva¨g wn‡m‡e Kx eëüZ nq? [BSMRSTU-A.2017-18]

A. Gc B. HPLC C.GPLC D. TLC
A. bvB‡Uªv‡Rb B. wg_vbj I cvwb C. A¨vjywgbv †Rj D. wmwjKv ‡Rj
mwVK DËi: D. TLC
mwVK DËi: D. wmwjKv ‡Rj STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION
e¨vL¨v: ‡h‡Kvb mgmË&¦ wgkÖYB †Z mPj gva¨g wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq| †hgb- cvwb MAT
I •Re `ªveK (Gwm‡UvbvBUªvBj Ges wg_vbj), wKQz wKQz †ÿ‡Î diwgK 01. †KvbwU Awa‡kvlY †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd? [MAT.2009-10]
GwmW, dmdwiK GwmW A_ev UªvBd¬z‡ivA¨vwmwUK GwmW| A. M¨vm B. M¨vm-Zij C. ‡ccvi D. ¯Í¤¢
03. ‡µvgv‡UvMÖvdx‡Z †KvbwU mPj `kv wnmv‡e eëüZ nq?[BMSTU-C. 2016-17] mwVK DËi: D. ¯Í¤¢
A. mwµq A¨vjywgbv B. wg_vbj C. wmwjKv D. †iwRb DAT
mwVK DËi: B. wg_vbj
01. †µvgv‡UvMÖvwdi `kv KqwU? [P.‡ev.2017; DAT. 2019-20; IU-D 2019-20]
04. Rf Gi GKK †KvbwU? [BMSTU-H.2016-17]
A. 1 B. 2 C. 4 D. 3
A. cm2 B. m C. m/s D. †KvbwUB bq
mwVK DËi: B. 2
mwVK DËi: D.‡KvbwUB bq
e¨vL¨v: †µvgv‡UvMÖvwdi `kv `yBwU: mPj `kv I w¯i `kv|
h `~iZ¡ (m)
e¨vL¨v: Rf Retardation factor = 1 = `~iZ¡ (m) 02. †KvbwU †µvgv‡UvMÖvwdi †kÖYxwefvM bq? [DAT.2003-04,2002-03]
h2
A.cvZjv ¯Íi †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd B. KvMR †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd
‡h‡nZz Rf `ywU GKB Unit Gi AbycvZ ZvB Gi GKK †bB| C. ‡Kvlxq †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd D. ¯Í¤¢ †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd
PUST mwVK DËi: C. ‡Kvlxq †µvgv‡UvMÖ v wd
01. Kjvg †µvgv‡UvMÖvdx‡Z wb‡Pi †KvbwU mPj `kv wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i?
Board Ques.
[PUST-A.2017-18]
A. SiO2 B. Al2O3 C. MgO D. C2H5OH 01. †ccvi †µvgv‡UvMÖvwdi Rf Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? [Xv.‡ev.2015, P.‡ev.2019]
mwVK DËi: D. C2H5OH A. 2.0 B. 1.0 C. 1.5 D. 0.5
02. HPLC Kjv‡g wK eëüZ nq? [PUST.A.2017-18] mwVK DËi: D. 0.5
A. wmwjKb KYv B. Kve©b KYv C. g‡bvgvi KYv D. wmwjKv KYv e¨vL¨v: `ªve‡Ki †P‡q Dcv`v‡bi ¯úU¸‡jv ax‡i P‡j d‡j Rf Gi gvb 1 †_‡K
mwVK DËi: D. wmwjKv KYv Kg n‡e|
 CONCEPT 12 †ZRw¯…qZv I wbDwK¬qvi wewµqv
A. †ZRw¯…qZvi cÖv_wgK Z_¨vejxt
†Kvb cigvYy wbDwK¬qv‡mi ¯^Ztù~Z©fv‡e wewfbœ ai‡bi iwk¥ wewKiY mnKv‡i wbDwK¬qv‡mi cwieZ©b‡K †ZRw¯…qZv ejv nq|
 cvigvYweK msL¨v 82 Gi †ekx n‡j †g․jwU I Zv‡ì †h․M †ZRw¯…q nq|
 cvigvYweK msL¨v 82 (Pb) †_‡K 92 (U) ch©šÍ cÖvK…wZK †ZRw®…q Ges 93 (Np) †_‡K 118 (Og) ch©šÍ K…wÎg †ZRw¯…q|
 †ZRw¯…qZvi d‡j , ,  iwk¥i m„wó nq| e¨wZµg- Tc (43) Ges Pm (61) ms‡køwlZ †g․j Ges †ZRw¯…q|
B. †ZRw¯…qZvi djvdjt †ZRw¯…qZvi d‡j , ,  iwk¥ †ei nq|
 Avjdv (), weUv () I Mvgv () iwk¥i Zzjbv-
•ewkó -iwk¥ -iwk¥ -iwk¥
msÁv wnwjqvg cigvYyi wbDwK¬qvm B‡jKUªb KYvi cÖevn Zwor Pz¤^Kxq Zi½
cÖZxK 2 4
2 He , 2  0 , 
4 0 0
1 e
Av‡cw¶K PvR© +2 1 0 (PvR©nxb)
Av‡cw¶K fi 4 GKK 0 0
†f`b ¶gZv 1 ¸Y n‡j 1000 ¸Y 10000 ¸Y
AvqbxKiY ¶gZv me‡P‡q †ewk -KYv A‡c¶v Kg me‡P‡q Kg
C. AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci msL¨v, myw¯Z I A¯vqx AvB‡mv‡Uvc wbY©q Gi m~Î :
 AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci †cÖvUb I wbDUªb msL¨v Df‡q †Rvo n‡j AvB‡mv‡UvcwU me‡P‡q †ewk myw¯Z n‡e|
 AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci †cÖvUb ev wbDUªb msL¨v `yBwUi †h †Kvb GKwU we‡Rvo n‡j AvB‡mv‡UvcwU AvswkK myw¯Z n‡e|
D`vniY : 6329 Cu †cÖvUb = 29 (we‡Rvo) wbDUªb = 34 (‡Rvo) Kv‡RB AvswkK myw¯Z|
 AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci †cÖvUb I wbDUªb msL¨v Df‡q we‡Rvo n‡j AvB‡mv‡UvcwU cy‡ivcywi Aw¯Z nq|
D`vniY : 64
29 Cu ‡cÖvUb = 29 (we‡Rvo) wbDUªb = 35 (we‡Rvo)Kv‡RB Aw¯Z
 we‡Rvo †cÖvUb msL¨v wewkó †g․‡ji `ywUi †ewk myw¯Z AvB‡mv‡Uvc _v‡K bv|
D`vniY : Kcv‡ii wZbwU AvB‡mv‡Uvc 63 64 65
29 Cu , 29 Cu , 29 Cu Gi gv‡S-
63
 29 Cu †cÖvUb=29(we‡Rvo) wbDUªb=34(‡Rvo) Kv‡RB myw¯Z,
 64
29 Cu ‡cÖvUb=29 (we‡Rvo) wbDUªb=35(we‡Rvo) Kv‡RB Aw¯Z,
64
 29 Cu ‡cÖvUb=29 (we‡Rvo) wbDUªb = 36(‡Rvo) Kv‡RB myw¯Z
D. †ZRw¯…q wewµqv: awi, GKwU †ZRw¯…q cigvYy AZ X
i) Z X 2 He
A 4 A4
( iwk¥)
Z2 X Z X 1 e
A 0
ii) ( iwk¥) AZ1 X iii) AZ X 01 e (cwRUªb) AZ1 X iv) AZ X    AZ X
 ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wbDwK¬q wewµqv-
cÖkœ m~Î DËi
7 N?  6 C 2 6 C 2
14 11 4

11 4
01. He Ans. 14
N + 11 H He
a+b =C+d&p+q=r+s
1 H 1 2 He  ? 
2 3

4 2 3
 4 1
02. H Ans. 1H 1H 2 He + n 0
+ Y  Z + k
7 N? 8 O 1 H 8 O 1 H
14

17 1 14
N + He 
4 17 1
d
03. Ans.
s
7 2
8 O 0 n 8 O 0 n
16 1
 ? + 1H
1 16 1

16
04. Ans. 7 N + 11 H
05.
235
92 U 10 n  ?56 Ba  30 n
141 1
Ans.
235
92 U  10 n  92
36 Kr + 141 1
56 Ba +3 0 n
c
r
 ? 2 He
226 4

226 222
06. 88 Ra Ans. 88 Ra 86 Rn + 42 He
13 Al  0 ? 1 H 13 Al  0 n
27 1 1
 Mg + 11 H
27 1 27
07. n Ans. 12
82 Pa  ?  112 Cn  0 n 10 n
208 277 1

277
08. Ans. 208
Pa + 70
30 Zn 112 Cn
b
q
82
13 Al  ?  10 n 10 n
27 28
09. 14 Si Ans. 27
13 Al + 21 H  28
14 Si
X
5B? 10 n  10 n
10 13
10.  7 N Ans. 10
5 B 42 He 
13
7 N
p
a
11. 27
13 Al  42 He 
30
15 P ? Ans. 13 Al  2 He  15 P + 0 n
27 4 30 1
207
12. 82 Pb  207
83 Bi
+? Ans.
207
82 Pb  83 Bi
207 0
+ 1 e
 wbDwK¬q wdkvb I wbDwK¬q wdDkvb Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨t
wbDwK¬q wdkvb wbDwK¬q wdDkvb
1| wdkvb wewµqvq GKwU AwZ e„nr wbDwK¬qvm `ywU cÖvq KvQvKvwQ fi 1| wdDkvb wewµqvq `ywU ÿz`ª wbDwK¬qvm GKwÎZ n‡q A‡cÿvK…Z eo wbDwK¬qvm
wewkó wbDwK¬qv‡m wef³ nq| MVb K‡i|
2| wbDwK¬q wdkvb wewµqv nj †PBb ev wkKj wewµqv 2| wbDwK¬q wdDkvb wewµqv †PBb wewµqv bq|
3| e„nr wbDwK¬qvm‡K wbDUªb Øviv AvNvZ K‡i m~Pbv nq| 3| AZ¨vwaK D”P ZvcgvÎvq ÿz`ª ÿz`ª wbDwK¬qvm‡K DËß K‡i wdDkvb nq|
4| wdkvb wewµqvq wecyj Zvc kw³ wbM©Z nq| 4| wdkvb wewµqvi Zzjbvq wbDwK¬q wdDkv‡b A‡bK †ewk Zvckw³ wbM©Z nq|
5| cvigvYweK Pzjøx‡Z wdkvb wewµqv‡K wbqwš¿Z K‡i we`y¨r kw³ 5| wbDwK¬q wdDkvb wewµqv wbqš¿Y Kiv m¤¢e nq wb|
Drcv`b Kiv m¤¢e|
6|wdkvb wewµqvi Dci wfwË K‡i GUg †evgv •Zix nq| 6| nvB‡Wªv‡Rb †evgvi wfwË-wbDwK¬q wdDkvb wewµqv|

STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION 06. wb‡gœv³ wewµqvi k~Y¨¯v‡b wK n‡Z cv‡i?
27
( 13 Al  42 He 15
30
P  .... [DU. 2010-11]
DU
234 234
1
A. 0 n B.
0
1 e C.
1
1 H D.
0
0 
01. ‡Kvb cÖwµqvq Th †_‡K Pa •Zwi nq? [DU-Ka.2017-18]
90 91 mwVK DËi: A. 10 n
A. -emission B. -emission
07. wb‡Pi wbDwK¬qvi wewµqvi X ‡Kvb KYv?
14
6 C147 N  X
C. -emission D. neutron-emission
[DU. 2008-09]
mwVK DËi: B. -emission A.  -particle B.  -ray C.  -particle D. neutron
234 234 0
e¨vL¨v: Th  Pa +
e mwVK DËi: C.  -particle
90 91 1 α β γ
0 08. Q  R  L  D Dcv‡q †ZRw¯…q AvB‡mv‡UvcwU †ZRw¯…qZv nvwi‡q
e n‡jv -Particle| wewµqvwU‡Z -KYv wewKwiZ nq|
1 myw¯Z AvB‡mv‡Uvc D ‡Z cwiYZ nq| R I L Dfq †ZRw¯…q-
02. cv‡ki wbDwK¬qvi wewµqvq X-KYvwU wK? 4 Be  X 6 C  0 n
9 12 1
AvB‡mv‡Uvç‡jvi fi I ‡cÖvUb msL¨vi wfwË‡Z wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
[DU-Ka. 2014-15] [DU. 2002-2003]
A. -particle B. -particle C. -ray D. Neutron A. Q = L B. R = L C. R=D D. L= D.

mwVK DËi: D. L= D.
mwVK DËi: A. -particle
e¨vL¨v: †UKwbKt ‡cÖvUb msL¨vi cwieZ©b 2 n‡j  KYv, ‡cÖvUb msL¨v 1 JU
01. ‡KvbwU wn‡ivwkgvq wbwÿß GUg †evgvq eëüZ AvB‡mv‡Uvc? [JU-D3.2017-18]
cwieZ©b n‡j KYv, ‡cÖvUb msL¨vi cwieZ©b bv n‡j  KYv|
A. 235U B. 236U C. 237U D. 238U
GLv‡b, ‡cÖvUb msL¨vi cv_©K¨ n‡e = (6 – 4) =2 Ges fi msL¨vi cv_©K¨ 235
mwVK DËi: A. U

(13 – 9) = 4 ZvB KYvwU n‡e  94 Be  42  12
6 C 1
0 n 
e¨vL¨v: wn‡ivwkgvq wbwÿß GUg †evgvq eëüZ AvB‡mv‡Uvc Gi e„nr
03. wb‡Pi wbDwK¬qvi wewµqvq X-†K wK ejv hvq? wbDwK¬qvm‡K wbDUªb Øviv AvNvZ K‡i wewµqvi m~Pbv NUv‡bv nq| †hgb-
1 92 235 141 1
7 N
14
 17
8 OX U + n
[DU.2013-2014,JnU.2014-15] kr + Ba + 3 n + wecyj kw³|
91 0 36 56 0
A. Proton B.-particle C. -ray D. Neutron
02. -iwk¥ g~jZ? [JU-A9.2017-18; MBSTU-B1.2017-18]
mwVK DËi: A. Proton
A. B‡jKUªb cÖevn B. wnwjqvg wbDwK¬qv‡mi cÖevn
04. wb‡Pi †KvbwUi †cÖvUb msL¨v Avjdv KYvi †cÖvUb msL¨vi mgvb? [DU. 2012-13]
C. B‡jK‡Uªv‡gM‡bwUK iwk¥ D. †cÖvUb cÖevn
A. He B. H+ C. H D. H2 mwVK DËi: B. wnwjqvg wbDwK¬qv‡mi cÖevn
mwVK DËi: A. He
e¨vL¨v: wnwjqvg cigvYy †_‡K `yBwU B‡jKUªb mwi‡q wb‡j hv _v‡K ZvB Avjdv
4 2
e¨vL¨v: wØ-avbvZ¥K wnwjqvg  He  wbDwK¬qvm‡K - KYv ejv nq|
2
4 RU
KYv ( He ) | ZvB wnwjqv‡gi †cÖvUb msL¨v Avjdv KYvi †cÖvUb msL¨vi mgvb|
2
2+
01. 23
Na wbDwK¬qvmwU ÿqcÖvß n‡q 24
Mg wbDwK¬qv‡m cwiYZ nq| GLv‡b Kx
05. wb‡¤œi wewµqvi k~b¨¯v‡b wK n‡Z cv‡i? [DU. 2011-2012] ai‡bi ÿq n‡”Q? [RU. 2019-20]
12 Mg  1 H 11 Na  ....................
26 2 24
A.  I -ÿq B. -ÿq C. -ÿq D. -ÿq
A. -particle B. -particle C. γ-ray D. neutron mwVK DËi: C. -ÿq
mwVK DËi: A. -particle 11 Na  12Mg + 1e ( Ray)
e¨vL¨v: 23 24 0
02. wbDwK¬q Pzjøx‡Z cvigvYweK wewµqv wbqš¿‡Y wb‡Pi †KvbwU eënvi Kiv nq?
[RU-F3.2017-18]
A. wgjbvBU B. g¨vM‡bwmqvg C. Kve©b D. †evib JUST
01. wb‡¤œi wbDwK¬qvi wewµqvi †¶‡Î ‘X’ †KvbwU?
mwVK DËi: D. †evib
14 N  X17 O 1 H [NSTU-C 2019-20; JUST-A,Set-Kha 18-19, DU- 09-10]
e¨vL¨v: cvigvYweK Pzwjø‡Z wbDUª‡bi MwZ n«v‡mi Rb¨ gšiK wn‡m‡e MÖvdvBU 7 8 1
(Kve©b) eëüZ nq| wewµqv wbqš¿‡Yi Rb¨ †evib eëüZ nq| A. -particle B. Neutron C. -ray D. -particle
03. ‡f`b ÿgZvi µg Abymv‡i - KYv, -KYv I -KYv iwk¥i wewKiY¸‡jv mwVK DËi: D . -particle
mvRv‡bv hvq- [RU-H2.2017-18] 14 4 17 1
e¨vL¨v: N  2He2+   0  H
A. ,, B. ,, C. ,, D. ,, 7 8 1
mwVK DËi: A. ,,  x n‡”Q α- Particle
e¨vL¨v: ‡f`b ÿgZv: << MBSTU
234 234
01. †Kvb cÖwµqvq 90 Th †_‡K 91 Pa •Zix nq?
04. 6 C 1H 7 N  ?
12 3 14 [MBSTU-C. 2019-20]
[RU-H. 2015-16]
A. (Alpha) emission B.  (Beta) emission
1 1 0
A. 1 H B.  C. 0 n D. 1 e C.  (Gamma) emission D. Neutron emission
mwVK DËi: B.  (Beta) emission
mwVK DËi: C. 01n
90 Th  91 Pa + 1 e (-Ray)
0
e¨vL¨v: 234 234
e¨vL¨v: (i) Wvbcv‡ki fi msL¨vi †hvMdj = evgcv‡ki fi msL¨vi †hvMdj| 02. Avjdv KYvi fimsL¨v KZ? [MBSTU-B. 2019-20]
(ii) Wvbcv‡ki †cÖvUb msL¨vi †hvMdj=evgcv‡ki †cÖvUb msL¨vi †hvMdj| A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
GLv‡b †h‡nZz Wvbcv‡k? Av‡Q ZvB Wvbcv‡k fi msL¨v‡K x Ges ‡cÖvUb mwVK DËi: D. 4
msL¨v‡K y a‡i wbe| 03. Avjdv KYv †KvbwU? [MBSTU-A.2016-17,JU-A.2016-17]
+ 2+
12 + 3 = 14 + x  x = 1 ; 6+1=7+yy=0 A. He 2 B. He C. He D. He22+
2+
GLb DË‡i †h †g․jwU n‡e Zvi fi msL¨v n‡e 1 Ges †cÖvUb msL¨v n‡e 0| mwVK DËi: C. He
05. ‡KvbwU †_‡K B‡jKUªb miv‡j Avjdv KYv •Zix nq? [RU:2013-2014]
BSMRSTU
1
01. hLb GKwU cigvYy i wbDwK¬ qvm †_‡K GKwU weUv KYv wbM©Z nq ZLb-
1 4 3
A. 1 H B. 2 He C. 0 n D. 1 H [BSMRSTU-C.2017-18]
A. cvigvYweK msL¨v GK K‡g hvq B. fi msL¨v GK K‡g hvq
4
mwVK DËi: B. 2 He C. cvigvYweK msL¨v GK †e‡o hvq D. cvigvYweK msL¨v `yB †e‡o hvq
mwVK DËi: C. cvigvYweK msL¨v GK †e‡o hvq
IU 0
01. ‡hwU mZ¨ bq- [IU. 2014-15]
e¨vL¨v: weUv –1e KYv wbM©Z n‡j cvigvYweK msL¨v GK ev‡o Ges weUv KYv hy³
A. AvB‡mv‡Uvc me mgq †ZRw¯…q n‡j cvigvYweK msL¨v GK K‡g|
B. Avjdv iwk¥ memgq FYvZ¡K PvR©hy³ 02. ‡KvbwU Zxeª A¨vbvqb m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i? [BSMRSTU-B.2017-18]
A. weUv KYv B. Avjdv KYv C. Mvgv iwk¥ D. G·-ivwk¥
C. weUv iwk¥ me mgq FYvZ¡K PvR©hy³
mwVK DËi: B. Avjdv KYv
D. Mvgv iwk¥ me mgq Pz¤^Kxq Av‡e‡ki gva¨‡g cwiewZ©Z nq|
e¨vL¨v: AvqwbZ ÿgZvi µg :  >  > 
mwVK DËi: B. Avjdv iwk¥¦ memgq FYvZ¡K PvR©hy³
Avjdv, weUv I Mvgv KYv Avqbvqb m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i|
e¨vL¨v: Avjdv () iwk¥ abvZ¥K PvR©hy³ Ges  iwk¥ FYvZ¥K PvR©hy³| 03. wb‡Pi wbDwK¬qvi wewµqvq X n‡”Q Ñ
BRU 30 30
15 P  14Si + X [BSMRSTU.Ka. 2016-17]
γ
α β
01. P  Q  R  S Dcv‡q P AvB‡mv‡UvcwU wewKwiZ n‡jv| AvB‡mv‡UvcwUi A. B‡j±ªb B. ‡cÖvUb C. Avjdv KYv D. cwRUªb
mwVK DËi: D. cwRUªb
fi I †cÖvUb msL¨vi wfwË‡Z †KvbwU mwVK? [BRU:2013-2014]
30 30 0 0
A. P = Q B. Q = R C. P = R D. R = S e¨vL¨v: 15 P  14Si + +1 e [cwRUªb  +1 e]
mwVK DËi: D. R = S 04. me‡P‡q Kg †f`b ÿgZvi iwk¥ †KvbwU? [BSMRSTU. B. 2016-17]
CoU A. Avjdv B. weUv C. Mvgv D. G·‡i
–
01. †ZRw¯…q †g․‡ji wbDwK¬qvm n‡Z weUv ( ) iwk¥i wewKi‡Y wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK DËi: A.Avjdv
N‡UÑ [CoU–A. 2019-20] PUST
A. wbDUªb e„w× cvq B. B‡jKUªb e„w× cvq 01. GUg †evgv...... Ici wfwË K‡i •Zix nq- [PUST-A.2017-18]
C. fimsL¨v e„w× cvq D. cvigvYweK msL¨v e„w× cvq A. wbDwK¬ q wdDkb wewµqv B. wbDwK¬ q wdkvb wewµqv
C. we‡qvRb wewµqv D. we‡ÿcY wewµqv
mwVK DËi: D. cvigvYweK msL¨v e„w× cvq
14 14 0 mwVK DËi: B. wbDwK¬ q wdkvb wewµqv
e¨vL¨v: 6 C  7 N + –1 ; -iwk¥ wewKi‡Y wbDwK¬qv‡mi cvigvYweK msL¨v GK e¨vL¨v: nvB‡Wªv‡Rb †evgvi wfwË n‡”Q wbDwK¬q wdDkvb wewµqv Ges GUg †evgvi
GKK e„w× cvq| wfwË n‡”Q wbDwK¬q wdkvb wewµqv|
HSTU STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION
01. wb‡Pi †Kvb iwk¥ ev KYv cigvYyi wbDwK¬qvm †_‡K wbM©Z nq bv? [HSTU-B.2017-18]
CUET
A. - iwk¥ B. - iwk¥ 14 14
01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU 8 O AvB‡mv‡Uvc‡K 7 N AvB‡mv‡Uv‡c iƒcvšÍi K‡i?
C. - iwk¥ D. x- iwk¥
[CUET: 2013-2014]
mwVK DËi: D. x- iwk¥ A. -ray B. Electron C. Positron D. None of these
e¨vL¨v: cigvYyi wbDwK¬qvm †_‡K - iwk¥, -iwk¥ Ges - iwk¥ wbM©Z nq|
mwVK DËi: C. Positron
02. cvigvYweK Pzjøx‡Z R¡vjvwb wnmv‡e †KvbwU eënvi Kiv nq? [HSTU-B.2017-18]
BUTex
235 236 19 0
A. 92 U B. 92 U 01. OX+ e , X †g․jwU- [BUTex. 2014-15]
8 –1
237 238 19 19 19
7N 10 Ne 6C
19
9F
C. 92 U D. 92 U A. B. C. D.
235 mwVK DËi: B. 19
9F
mwVK DËi: A. 92 U 02. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb †evgvq msNwUZ wewµqvi bvg- [BUTex.2012-13;RU-G2.2017-18]
e¨vL¨v: cvigvYweK Pzjøx‡Z wdkvb wewµqv NUv‡bv nq| e„nr wbDwK¬qvm‡K wbDUªb A. wdDkvb B. UªvÝwgD‡Ukb C. wdkvb D. ¯ú¨v‡jkb wewµqv
Øviv AvNvZ K‡i wewµqvi m~Pbv NUv‡bv nq| mwVK DËi: A. wdDkvb
e¨vL¨v: nvB‡Wªv‡Rb †evgvi wfwË n‡”Q wbDwK¬q wdDkvb wewµqv Ges GUg †evgvi
NSTU
wfwË n‡”Q wbDwK¬q wdkvb wewµqv|
01. wb‡Pi wbDwK¬qvi †ÿ‡Î ‘X’ †KvbwU? [NSTU-C. 2019-20]
7N + X  8O + 1H
14 17 1
A. -Particle B. Neutron MAT

C. -Ray D. -Particle 01. †Kvevë-60 n‡Z †Kvb iwk¥ wbtm„Z nq? [MAT:2013-2014]
mwVK DËi: D. -Particle A. G·-iwk¥ B. AwZ‡e¸bx iwk¥ C. Mvgv iwk¥ D. Ae‡jvwnZ iwk
e¨vL¨v: 7N + 2He  8O + 1H
14 4 17 1
mwVK DËi: C. Mvgv iwk¥
WRITEEN  CONCEPT : 13 MvwYwZK cÖ‡qvM-01 [MATH]  MCQ

GENERAL METHOD SHORTCUT TRICKS
TACTICS 01 †g․‡ji cvigvYweK fi wbY©qK mgm¨v

GENERAL RULES (Written) 3 in 1 ASPECT TRICKS (MCQ)
 aM1  bM 2  cM 3  †UKwbK t g‡b ivL‡e, hvi cvigvYweK fi PvIqv n‡e Zvi Rb¨
W =  a.m.u
 100  Calculation bv K‡i mivmwi gyL¯ Ki‡e|
GLv‡b, a = cÖ_gwUi Av‡cwÿK cwigvY,b = wØZxqwUi Av‡cwÿK cwigvY †hgb, Cl = 35.5, O =16, Na = 23
c = Z…ZxqwUi Av‡cwÿK cwigvY ,M1 = cÖ_gwUi cvigvYweK fi g‡b ivL‡e, cª‡kœ cÖK…Z fi D‡jøL _vK‡jI GKB n‡e|
M2 = wØZxqwUi cvigvYweK fi ,M3 = Z…ZxqwUi cvigvYweK fi
W = †g․‡ji Av‡cwÿK cvigvYweK fi
MODEL EXAMPLE-01: cÖK…wZ‡Z †K¬vwi‡bi `ywU AvB‡mv‡Uvc we`¨gvb| Zv‡ì fi h_vµ‡g 35 I 37 cvigvYweK fi GKK Ges G‡ì cªvPzh©
n‡”Q h_vµ‡g 75.53% I 24.47%| †K¬vwi‡bi cvigvYweK fi †ei Ki?
GENERAL RULES(Written) 3 in 1 ASPECT TRICKS (MCQ)
 a M 1  bM 2   75.53  35  24.47  37  †UKwbK t g‡b ivL‡e, hvi cvigvYweK fi PvIqv n‡e Zvi Rb¨
W=  = 
 100   100  Calculation bv K‡i mivmwi gyL¯ Ki‡e|
= 35.4894  35.5 [Here, a = 75.53, b = 24.47,M1 = 35,M2 = 37] †hgb, Cl = 35.5, O =16, Na = 23
g‡b ivL‡e, cª‡kœ cÖK…Z fi D‡jøL _vK‡jI GKB n‡e|
PRACTICE-01: cÖvK…wZK Aw·‡R‡b 16O, 17O, 18O Gi cwigvY h_vµ‡g 99.76%, 0.037%, 0.204% n‡j Aw·‡R‡bi cvigvYweK fi KZ? Ans. 16.0
TACTICS 02 Zi½ •`N¨© , Zi½ msL¨v,K¤úv¼ ev wd«Kz‡qwÝ wbY©q :

 GLvb †_‡K †h mgm¨v ¸‡jv cix¶vq Avm‡Z cv‡i -
01. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cvigvYweK eY©vjxi D”P kw³¯Íi †_‡K wb¤œ kw³¯Í‡i AvMZ iwk¥i Zi½ •`N¨© A_ev Zi½ msL¨v KZ n‡e?
02. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cvigvYweK eY©vjxi †h †Kvb wmwi‡Ri n Zg jvB‡bi Zi½ •`N¨© ev Zi½ msL¨v KZ?
03. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cvigvYweK eY©vjxi †h †Kvb wmwi‡Ri m‡e©v”P A_ev me©wbgœ iwk¥i Zi½ •`N¨© ev Zi½ msL¨v KZ?
1 1 1 K¨vjKz‡jUi wenxb AsK Ki‡Z RH Gi gvb bv ewm‡q
wiWevM© mgxKib g‡Z,Zi½ msL¨v  = =RH(n 2 -n 2 )
 1 2 mivmwi RH †i‡L w`‡Z ejv n‡e|
A_©vr Zi½ msL¨v D‡ëvB w`‡j Zi½ •`N¨© cvIqv hvq| GLv‡b n1 Ges n2 Gi gvb wbY©q Ki‡Z
cvi‡jB Sv‡gjv †kl|
 Type-01: mivmwi kw³¯Íi †Ìqv _vK‡j, n1= ‡QvU gvb, n2= eo gvb
MODEL EXAMPLE-01: nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cvigvYweK eY©vwji 4_© kw³¯Íi †_‡K wØZxq kw³¯Í‡i AvMZ Av‡jvK iwk¥i Zi½ •`N¨© Ges Zi½ msL¨v wbY©q Ki|
1 1 1 GLv‡b,
Solve: Zi½ •`N©¨, =R ( 2 - 2 )
 H n1 n2 n1= ‡QvU gvb=2,
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4-1 n2= eo gvb=4
 =RH( 2 - 2 ), =RH( - ), =RH( ), ‡h‡nZz calculator bvB ZvB gvb¸‡jv Gfv‡eB
 2 4  4 16  16 [
1 3RH 1 3R †Ìqv _vK‡e ]
=( 16 ) =  = ( 16H ) (GUv Zi½ msL¨v)
 
16
GLb Avgiv Lye mn‡R Zi½ •`N¨© DëvB w`‡q Zi½ •`N¨© wbY©q Ki‡Z cvwi  Zi½ •`N¨© = 3R
H
 Type-02: As‡Ki g‡a¨ hw` jvBb K_vUv D‡jøL _v‡K Zvn‡j n1=‡h wmwiR ej‡e †m Abyhvqx ; n2= n1+ jvBb msL¨v
MODEL EXAMPLE-01: nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cvigvYweK eY©vjxi evgvi wmwi‡Ri 3q jvB‡bi Zi½ •`N¨© I Zi½ msL¨v wbY©q Ki|
1 1 1 1 1 1 GLv‡b,†h‡nZz evgvi wmwi‡Ri K_v ejv n‡q‡Q ZvB,
Solve: Zi½ msL¨v,  = = RH ( 2 - 2 ), = RH ( 2 - 2 )
 n1 n2  2 5 n1=2, n1=2+jvBb msL¨v =2+3, =5
1 1 25-4 21 RH [‡h‡nZz calculator bvB ZvB gvb¸‡jv Gfv‡eB
= RH (4 – 25 ), = RH ( 100 ) = 100
†Ìqv _vK‡e]
100
GLb Zi½ msL¨v †K DëvB w`‡j Avgiv cve Zi½ •`N¨©  = 21R
H
 Type-03: me©wbgœ I m‡ev©”P k‡ãi †ÿ‡Î-

 hw` me©wb¤œ iwk¥ ev m‡ev©”P Zi½ •`N©¨ K_vwU D‡jøL _v‡K Zvn‡j- n1= ‡h wmwiR ej‡e †m Abyhvqx
‡hgb- jvB‡gb ej‡j n1=1 evgvi ej‡j n1=2 Ges n2= n1+1
 hw` m‡e©v”P iwk¥ ev me©wbgœ Zi½ •`N©¨ K_vwU D‡jøL _v‡K Zvn‡j -
n1= ‡h wmwiR ej‡e †m Abyhvqx †hgb evgvi ej‡j n1 = 2 c¨v‡ðb ej‡j n1=3 Ges n2=
MODEL EXAMPLE-01: nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cvigvYweK eY©vjxi evgvi wmwi‡Ri me©wb¤œ iwk¥i Zi½ •`N©¨ I Zi½ msL¨v KZ|
1 1 1 1 1 9-4 GLv‡b n1 = 2 (‡h‡nZz evgvi wmwi‡Ri K_v ejv n‡q‡Q
Solve: = RH (22 - 32 ) = RH(4 - 9 ) = RH ( 36 )
 n2=2+1=3
1 5R
 Zi½ msL¨= =  = 36H

36
GLb Avgiv Zi½ msL¨v DëvB w`‡jB Zi½ •`N©¨ cv‡ev  = 5R
H
g‡b ivL‡e : me©wb¤œ iwk¥i Zi½ •`N©¨wU m‡e©v”P nq|
MODEL EXAMPLE-02: nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cvigvYweK eY©vjxi evgvi wmwi‡Ri m‡e©v”P iwk¥i Zi½ •`N©¨ I Zi½ msL¨v KZ?
1 1 1 1 1 1 R 4 kU©KvU: me©wbgœ k‡ãi †ÿ‡Î Zi½ •`N©¨ ev Zi½ msL¨v
=R ( 2 - ), =RH4 , = 4H ,  = R ; GLv‡b, n1 =2, n2 = 
 H 2 2   H 1 RH RH 4
= = = ;=
; GLb Zi½ msL¨v   =
RH  (wmwiR bs)2 4 RH
4
g‡b ivL‡e : m‡e©v”P iwk¥i Zi½ •`N©¨ me©wb¤œ nq|
 Type-03: eY©vjx †iLv m¤úwK©Z
Formula; eY©vjx †iLv msL¨v = (n2  n1) (n2  n1 + 1)

2
01. GKwU e n2 = 4 n‡Z n1 = 2 kw³¯Í‡i Avm‡j KZ¸‡jv eY©vjx †iLv †`Lv hv‡e?
mgvavb: WE KNOW,eY©vjx †iLv = (n2  n1) (n2  n1 + 1)= (4  2) (4  2 + 1) = 2  3 = 3wU|
2 2 2
 ASPECT SERIES  
02. GwU e n1 = 3 kw³¯Í‡i Av‡m n2 kw³¯Íi n‡Z d‡j 10wU eY©vjx m„wó nq| †Kvb kw³¯Íi n‡Z e wU G‡mwQ‡jv?
mgvavb: WE KNOW,eY©vjw msL¨v, N = (n2  n1) (n2  n1 + 1)
2
(n2  3) (n2  3 + 1)
 10 =  20 = (n2  3) (n2  2)  20 = n22  5n2 + 6  14 = n22  5n2
2
 n22  5n2  14 = 0  n22  7n2 + 2n2  14 = 0  n2(n2  7) + 2(n2  7) = 0  (n2  7) (n2 + 2) = 0  n2 = 7
 NOW PRACTICES 
01. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi D‡ËwRZ B‡jKUªb 2q Kÿc_ †_‡K 1g cÿc‡_ ¯vbvšÍwiZ n‡jv| G‡ÿ‡Î wewKwiZ iwk¥i Zi½-msL¨v, Zi½ •`N©¨ I K¤úv¼ ev wd«Kz¨‡qwÝ
Ges kw³ MYbv Ki| [RH = 1.09678  102 nm1; c = 3.0  108 ms1]
`ÿZv: wiWevM© mgxKiY eëüZ n‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î Av‡jvi †eM (c) Gi GKK wgUvi GK‡K nIqvq RH Gi GKK I wgUvi GK‡K n‡e|
mgvavb: Zi½msL¨v,  = RH  12  12 †Ìqv Av‡Q, n1 = 1, n2 = 2
n1 n2  aªæeK, RH = 1.09678  102 nm1 = 1.09678  107 m1
  = 1.09678  107 m1  2  2   = 8.22585  106 m1 Av‡jvi †eM, c = 3.0  108 ms1 ;Zi½ msL¨v,  =?
1 1
1 2  Zi½‣`N©¨,  =?
1 1 7
= = 1 = 1.21568  10 m
Avevi, Zi½‣`N©¨,  8.22585  10 m
6
1
K¤úv¼ ev wd«Kz¨‡qwÝ,  = c = 3.0  10 ms7   = 3.0  10 = 2.4677  1015 s1 ; h = 6.626  1034 J.s
8 15
 1.21568  10 m 1.21568
kw³, E = h = (6.634  1034)  (2.4677  1015 s1) = 1.637  1018 J
02. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi eY©vwji †ÿ‡Î evgvi wmwiR m„wói kZ© wjL Ges K¤úv¼ D‡jøL Ki? [JnU. 2019-20]
mgvavb: evgvi wmwi‡Ri Rb¨ n1 = 2 Ges n2 = 3, 4, 5, 6, 7..........
Avgiv Rvwb, = RH n 2 – n 2 = RH 22 – 32 = RH 4 – 9 = 36H   = 5R = 6.56 10–5 cm–1 = 656 nm
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5R 36
 1 2 H
c 3  108
K¤úv¼  = = = 4.57  1014 Hz
 656  10–9
A_©vr †h‡Kv‡bv kw³ ¯Íi †_‡K `yB b¤î kw³ ¯Í‡i B‡jKUª‡bi AvMgb NU‡j evgvi wmwi‡Ri m„wó nq|
TACTICS 03 Av‡jvi MwZ, Zi½ msL¨v Ges Kÿc‡_i e¨vmva© I kw³ wbY©q :
 Item-01: Av‡jvi MwZ I Zi½ msL¨v
(i) c = v   GLv‡b, c = Av‡jvi MwZ, v = wd«Kz¨‡qwÝ,  = Zi½‣`N©¨
1
(ii)  = GLv‡b,  = Zi½ msL¨v ,  = Zi½‣`N©¨

MODEL EXAMPLE-01: GKwU `„k¨gvb Av‡jvi Zi½‣`N¨© 500nm n‡j Zvi frequency wbY©q Ki|
c 3108ms-1
mgvavb:  =   = = 0.0061017s1 = 6  1014Hz
 50010–9m
MODEL EXAMPLE-02: GKwU †iwW‡qk‡bi Zi½‣`N¨© 450nm n‡j Gi Zi½ msL¨v wbY©q Ki|
1 1
mgvavb: – = – = = 0.00222107cm–1 = 2.22104cm–1
 450  10–7 cm
 Item-02: n Zg Kÿc‡_i e¨vmva© rn = 0.5292  1010 

n2
Kÿc‡_i e¨vmva© , kw³ I e Gi †eM wbY©q z
n Zg K‡ÿi kw³ wbY©q z2
[hLb †g․‡ji bvg wbw`©ófv‡e D‡jøL _vK‡e] En =  2.18  1018 Joule 
n2
n Zg K‡ÿ e Gi †eM
Vn = 1.091  106 
z
 n
MODEL EXAMPLE-01:Na cigvYyi Z…Zxq Kÿc‡_i e¨vmva© KZ?

mgvavb: r3 = 0.5292  1010  9 =4.329  1011 m
11
MODEL EXAMPLE-02:H Gi 1g Kÿc‡_i e¨vmva© KZ?
mgvavb: r1 = 0.5292  1010  1= 0.5292  1010 m = 0.5292 Å
1
MODEL EXAMPLE-03:Mg cigvYyi Z…Zxq kw³¯Í‡ii kw³i gvb KZ? ASPECT SERIES 
2
mgvavb: E3 =  2.18  1018  (12)2 =  2.18  1018  144= 3.489  1017 Joule
(3) 9
MODEL EXAMPLE-04:H Gi f~wg Ae¯vi kw³ wbY©q Ki?
2
mgvavb: f~wg Ae¯vi Rb¨ n = 1 Zvn‡j, E1 =  2.18  1018  (1)2 =  2.18  1018 Joule=  13.6 eV
1
MODEL EXAMPLE-05:K Gi wØZxq Kÿc‡_i e Gi †eM KZ?
mgvavb: V2 = 1.091  106  19 = 1.0364  107 ms1 (Ans.)
2
TACTICS 04 cigvYyyi  I  KYvi msL¨v wbY©qK mgm¨v :
fi msL¨vi cv_©K¨
(i)  KYvi msL¨v = (ii)  KYvi msL¨v = bZzb †g․‡ji †cÖvUb msL¨v + 2 KYvi†cÖvUb msL¨v  Av‡Mi†g․‡ji †cÖvUb msL¨v
4
MODEL EXAMPLE-01: 90 228
Th 83 212
Bi GB †ZRw®…q wewµqvq wbM©Z  I  KYvi msL¨v †ei Ki|
fi msL¨vi cv_©K¨ 228–212
mgvavb: (i)  KYvi msL¨v= = 4 =4
4
(ii)  KYvi msL¨v=bZzb †g․‡ji †cÖvUb msL¨v + 2 KYvi msL¨v  Av‡Mi †g․‡ji †cÖvUb msL¨v = (83+42) – 90 = 1
PRACTICE: 92 U 82 Pb GB wewµqvq wbM©Z I  KYvi msL¨v KZ?
235 207
Ans. (7,4)
TACTICS 05 `ªve¨Zv I `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj (S) m¤úwK©Z mgm¨v :

 Item-01: `ªve¨Zv (S)m¤úwK©Z mgm¨v- `ªve¨Zv, S = m
 100
Mm
MODEL EXAMPLE-01: wbw`©ó ZvcgvÎvq GKwU e¯‧i 60 g m¤ú„³ `ªeY ïwK‡q †djvi ci 10 g Zjvwb cvIqv hvq| D³ ZvcgvÎvq `ªexf~Z e¯‧wUi
`ªve¨Zv KZ? (g cÖwZ 100 g `ªveK)
m 10
mgvavb: S =  100   100  20
Mm 60 - 10
MODEL EXAMPLE-02: KÿZvcgvÎvq NaCl Gi 75g f‡ii GKwU m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Y 20 g NaCl `ªexf~Z Av‡Q| G ZvcgvÎvq NaCl Gi `ªve¨Zv KZ?
[JnU. 2015-16]
m NaCl (`ªe) Gi fi, m = 20g ;NaCl Gi m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Yi fi, M = 75g
mgvavb: `ªve¨Zv, S = M – m × 100
NaCl Gi `ªve¨Zv, S = ?
20
= × 100 = 36.36
75 – 20
MODEL EXAMPLE-03: GKwU je‡Yi 30o C ZvcgvÎvq `ªve¨Zv 40| H ZvcgvÎvq 30g cwigvY jeYwUi m¤ú„³ `ªeY •Zix Ki‡Z wK cwigvY cvwb cÖ‡qvRb?
m m GLv‡b `ªve¨Zv, S = 40 ; `ªe¨, m = 30g
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, `ªve¨Zv, S = M – m  100  14 = 30 – m  100  120 – 4m = 10m
`ªveK (cvwb), M-m =?
120
m= = 8.5g  cvwb jvM‡e (M – m) = 30 – 8.5 = 21.5g (Ans.)
14
MODEL EXAMPLE-04: 30°C ZvcgvÎvq NaCl Gi 200mL m¤ú„³ `ªeY‡K m~‡h©i Zv‡c ev®úxf~Z K‡i 52.95g NaCl cvIqv †Mj| H ZvcgvÎvq cÖwZ
wjUvi m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Y NaCl Gi `ªve¨Zv KZ?
mgvavb: AvaywbK msÁv g‡Z NaCl Gi
w 52.95 M = 58.5
`ª‡ei fi †gvj GK‡K n M 58.5
Avgiv Rvwb, `ªve¨Zv, S = = = =  S = 4.525 molL–1
wjUv‡i m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Yi AvqZb V(L) 200 200
1000 1000
MODEL EXAMPLE-05: wbw`©ó ZvcgvÎvq 750 mL m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Y 200 g NaCl `ªexf~Z Av‡Q| MÖvg GK‡K I †gvj GK‡K cÖwZ wjUvi m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Y NaCl
Gi `ªve¨Zv MYbv Ki|
`ª‡ei fi MÖvg GK‡K
mgvavb: `ª‡ei `ªve¨Zv (g\L), S =
cÖkœg‡Z m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Yi AvqZb = 750 mL = 0.750 L; `ª‡ei fi = 200 g.
 `ªve¨Zv, S = 200 g = 266.67 g L–1
0.75 L
Avevi NaCl Gi MÖvg AvYweK fi ev 1 †gvj = (23 + 35.5)g mol–1 = 58.5 g mol–1|
–1
myZivs NaCl Gi †gvj GK‡K `ªve¨Zv = 266.67 g L–1 = 4.558 mol L–1
58.5 g mol
MODEL EXAMPLE-06: cvwb‡Z GKwU je‡Yi `ªve¨Zv 25 C I 45 C ZvcgvÎvq h_vµ‡g 280 gL Ges 370 gL n‡j 250 g m¤ú„³ `ªeY‡K D”P
o o
ASPECT SERIES  –1 –1
ZvcgvÎv n‡Z wb¤œ ZvcgvÎvq kxZj Ki‡j KZ MÖvg jeY †KjvwmZ n‡e?
mgvavb: `ªve¨Zvi msÁv g‡Z,
`ª‡ei fi (g)
je‡Yi `ªve¨Zv (g\L), S =
wjUv‡i m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Yi AvqZb (L)
cÖ`Ë `ªe‡Yi Av‡cwÿK ¸iæZ¡ 1.0 a‡i 250 g `ªe‡Yi AvqZb 250 mL ev, 0.25 L nq|
je‡Yi fi (g) W2
 45oC-G jeYwU `ªve¨Zv, S2 = ev, 370 gL–1 = W2 ; ev, W2 = 370  0.25 g = 92.5 g
wjUv‡i `ªe‡Yi AvqZb (L) 0.25L
je‡Yi fi (g) W1
Ges 25oC G jeYwUi `ªve¨Zv, S2 = ev, 280 gL–1 = W1 ; ev, W1 = 280  0.25 g = 70.0 g
wjUv‡i `ªe‡Yi AvqZb (L) 0.25L
o o
myZivs 45 C †_‡K 25 C-G `ªeY‡K kxZj Ki‡j 250 g m¤ú„³ `ªeY n‡Z †KjvwmZ jeY = (W2 – W1) = (92.5 – 70.0) g = 22.5 g jeY| (DËi)
 Item-02: `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj (Ksp) m¤úwK©Z mgm¨v-
mvaviY wbqgt `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj (Solubility product) ej‡Z, †h †Kvb ZvcgvÎvq m¤ú„³ `ªe‡b we`¨gvb Avqb¸‡jvi NbgvÎvi ¸Ydj‡K †evSvq|
wb‡Pi mgxKiYwU we‡ePbv Ki-
MX(aq) ⇌ M+(aq)+X-(aq) GB Ae¯vq MX `ªe‡Yi `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj, Ksp= [M+][X-]
¯§iY ivLv ìKvi, m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Y AvqwbK ¸YdjB n‡jv `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj| Gevi mvaviY mgxKiYwU jÿ¨ Ki-
XaYb ⇌aXb++bYa- Ksp= [Xb+]a[Ya-]b Gevi we‡kølYx `„wó wb‡q D`vniY jÿ¨ Ki-
MODEL EXAMPLE-01: 25°C ZvcgvÎvq BaSO4 Gi m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Y Ba2+ Gi NbgvÎv 4.010-5 mol L-1 GB ZvcgvÎvq BaSO4 -Gi
`ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj Ksp Gi gvb mol2L-2 GK‡K KZ?
mgvavb: BaSO4 ⇌ Ba2+ + SO42- [Ba2+] = [SO42-]= 4.0105
Ksp =[Ba2+][SO42-] = 4.01054.0105 = 1.61011
MODEL EXAMPLE-02: 25° C ZvcgvÎvq Ag2CO3 Gi `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj 6.210-12 Gi `ªve¨Zv wn‡me Ki|
mgvavb: Ag2CO3 ⇌ 2Ag+ + CO32– awi, Ag2CO3 Gi `ªve¨Zv S; Ksp = 6.210-12
K sp 12 1
) 3 = 6.2  10 3 = 1.16  104 mol/L
1
Ksp = (2S)2  S= 4 S3 ev, S = (
4  4 
MODEL EXAMPLE-03: CaCO3 Gi `ªve¨Zv 0.0305g/L Gi `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj KZ?
mgvavb: CaCO3  Ca2+ + CO32– MCaCO3 = 100 NbgvÎv, S =
0.03051
= 0.030510-2 mol/L
2
100
 0.0305 
Ksp = S 2 =
  = 9.310–8
 100 
MODEL EXAMPLE-04: 25C ZvcgvÎvq 200 mL 4.0  103 M Ba(NO3)2 `ªe‡Yi g‡a¨ 600 ml 8.0  103 M Na2SO4 `ªeY †hvM Ki‡j BaSO4
Gi †Kv‡bv Aat‡ÿc m„wó nq wKbv? [Ksp(BaSO4) = 1.1  1010]
4.0  103 1
mgvavb: 200 ml 4.0  103 M `ªe‡Y Ba2+ Avq‡bi †gvj msL¨v,n = 200   = 8.0  104 mol
1 100
`ªeY `ywU‡K wgwkÖZ Ki‡j †gvU AvqZb = (200 + 600) = 800 ml
8.0  104  1000
eZ©gv‡b, 800 ml `ªe‡Y Ba2+ Avq‡bi NbgvÎv, [Ba2+] = = 1  103 M
800  1
8.0  103 1
 600 ml 8  103 M Na2SO4 `ªe‡Y SO42 Avq‡bi †gvj msL¨v= 600   = 4.8  103 mol
1 1000
4.8  103  1000
 800 ml `ªe‡Y SO42 Avq‡bi NbgvÎv,[SO42] = = 6.0  103 M
800  1
†Ìqv Av‡Q, Ksp (BasO4) = 1.1  1010
Ba(NO3)2 + Na2SO4  BaSO4 + 2NaNO3 Rvwe mn †h‡Kv‡bv wek^we`¨vj‡q dvg©vmx wel‡q PvÝ †c‡Z ..
BaSO4 ⇌ Ba2+ + SO42
`ªe‡Y BaSO4 Gi AvqwbK ¸Ydj, Kip = [Ba2+]  [SO42]
Òdvgv© b‡jRÓ
= (1.0  103)  (6.0  103) = 6.0  106 mol2 l2
Kip > Ksp
RxeweÁvb Abyl` fwZ© mnvwqKv
 `ªeY †_‡K BaSO4 Aatwÿß n‡e|
MODEL EXAMPLE-04: Fe(OH)3 Gi m¤ú³ `ªe‡Y OH Avq‡bi NbgvÎv 6.6  10 gL n‡j, Fe(OH)3 Gi Ksp wbY©q Ki|
– ASPECT SERIES  –4 –1
[BUTEX: 19-20]
mgvavb: Fe(OH)3 ⇌ Fe3+ + 3OH–
6.6  10–4
[OH–] = 6.6  10–4 gL–1 = mol L–1 = 3.88  10–5 mol L–1
17
[OH–]
 [Fe3+] = = 1.3  10–5 molL–1  Ksp = [Fe3+][OH–]3 = 1.310–5  (3.88  10–5)3 = 7.59  10–21 mol4L–4
3
Fe(OH)3 Gi `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj = 7.59  10–21 mol4 L–4 (Ans.)
STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION RU

01. H-cigvYyi 1g K¶c‡_ B‡jKUª‡bi kw³ –1312 kJ mol–1 n‡j 2q
DU
01. wiWevM© aªæeK, RH Øviv cÖKvk Kiv n‡j, nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi eY©vwj‡Z evgvi
kw³¯Í†i Zvi kw³ KZ kJ mol–1? [RU-Ka,Set-3: 2018-19]
wmwi‡Ri Rb¨ me©wb¤œ KZ Zi½ msL¨vi iwk¥ wewKwiZ nq? [DU. 2015-16]
A . –328 B . 328
A. 3/4RH B. 5/36RH C. 8/9RH D. 9/144RH C. –656 D. – 324
mwVK DËi: B. 5/36RH mwVK DËi: A . –328
e¨vL¨v: nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYy eY©vwj‡Z evgvi wmwi‡Ri Rb¨ me©wb¤œ Zi½ msL¨vi e¨vL¨v: H cigvYyi 1g Kÿc‡_ B‡j±ª‡bi kw³ E1= -1312kJ
†ÿ‡Î wb¤œkw³¯Íi, n1 = 2 Ges D”P kw³¯Íi, n2 = 3|   1312 
2q Kÿc‡_ B‡j±ª‡bi kw³ E2   2  kJmol-1 = –328kJmol-1
 = = RH  2 – 2 =
– 1 1 1 5
 2 3  36 RH  2 
02. nvB‡Wªv‡R‡bi cvigvYweK eY©vjxi jvBg¨vb wmwi‡Ri Z…Zxq jvBb Gi Zi½ 02. ‡ev‡ii ZË¡ Abymv‡i nvB‡Wªv‡R‡bi wØZxq kw³ ¯Í‡ii e¨vmva© I kw³ nj
•`N©¨ KZ? (RH = 10.97 106 m-1) [DU.2011-2012] h_vµ‡g- [RU-H2.2017-18]
-11
A. 9.723 nm B. 197.350 nm A. 0.5301Å I - 2.17310 AvM©/ cigvYy
C. 337.235 nm D. 97.235 nm B. 2.1204 Å I - 0.5492 AvM©/ cigvYy
mwVK DËi: D. 97.235 nm C. 20.5301 Å I - 8.69210-11 AvM©/ cigvYy
mgvavb: GLv‡b, n1 = 1, n2 = 3+1=4, D. 40.5301 Å I - 22.17310-11 AvM©/ cigvYy
RH = 10.97 106 m-1,  =? mwVK DËi: Blank
1  1 1  1 1  e¨vL¨v: r2=r1n2 r2 = 0.530122=0.53014= 2.12104 Å
  R H  2  2  = 10.97 106   
  n1 n 2   1 16  E1  13 .6 1.6 10 19 10 7
 E2=
E 2= =-5.4410-12 erg/atom
  = 9.7235  10 m = 97.235 nm
-8
n 2
22
03. 25° C ZvcgvÎvq BaSO4 Gi m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Y Ba2+ Gi NbgvÎv 4.010-5 03. Ag2CrO4 - Gi Ksp = 8×10-12 n‡j †gvjvi `ªve¨Zv KZ? [RU-H.2016-17]
mol L-1 GB ZvcgvÎvq BaSO4 -Gi `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj Ksp Gi gvb mol2L-2 A. 1× 10-4 mol L-2 B. 2× 10-6 mol L-1
GK‡K KZ? [DU. 2005-2006]
-4
C. 2× 10 mol L -1
D. 2×10-5 mol L-1
–9 –10 -4 -2
A. 1.610 B. 1.710 C. 1.610 10
D. 1.610 9
mwVK DËi: A. 1× 10 mol L
mwVK DËi: A. 1.610–9 e¨vL¨v: †h‡nZz †h․MwU A2B UvB‡ci ZvB Gi `ªve¨Zv I `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji g‡a¨
mgvavb: BaSO4 ⇌ Ba2+ + SO42- m¤úK© n‡e| KSP = 4S3
Ksp = [Ba2+][SO42-] = 4.010-54.010-5 = 1.610-9 3 KSP 8×10–12
04. wbw`©ó ZvcgvÎvq GKwU e¯‧i 60 g m¤ú„³ `ªeY ïwK‡q †djvi ci 10 g S = , S = 3 = 110-4
4 4
Zjvwb cvIqv hvq| D³ ZvcgvÎvq `ªexf~Z eš‧wUi `ªve¨Zv KZ? (g cÖwZ 04. 0.2175g ‣Re †h․M †_‡K K¨vwiqvm c×wZ‡Z 0.5825g ‡ewiqvg mvj‡dU
100 g `ªveK) [DU. 2002-2003, (KU.2007-08]
cvIqv †M‡j H •Re †h․‡M mvjdv‡ii cwigvY n‡jv-
A. 25 B. 15 C. 20 D. 22 [RU.2006-2007, JUST-A. 2016-17]
mwVK DËi: C. 20 A. 33.77% B. 34.77%
m 10 C. 35.77% D. 36.77%
mgvavb: S=  100   100  20
Mm 60 - 10 mwVK DËi: D. 36.77%
JU e¨vL¨v: K¨vwiqvm c×wZ-‡h․‡M ‡g․‡ji kZKiv nvi
01. 25C ZvcgvÎvq AgCl Gi Ksp =1  10 -10; AgCl Gi `ªve¨Zv KZ? = m  a  100  32  0.5825  100  36.78
[JU-6.2017-18] M W 233 0.2175
A. 2.010-10molL-1 B. 2.010-5molL-1 GLv‡b, m = †g․‡ji cvigvYweK fi = 32
C.1.010-5molL-1 D. 1.010-10molL-1 M = ‡h․‡Mi AvYweK fi = BaSO4 = 233
mwVK DËi: C.1.0  10–5 molL–1 a = Drcv‡ì fi = 0.5825g
e¨vL¨v: Ksp = S2  S = K sp  1 1010  1 105 mol / L w = ‣Re c`v‡_©i fi = 0.2175g
KU 03. cvwb‡Z NaCl Gi `ªve¨Zv 36| GKwU cv‡Î 200g Rjxq `ªe‡Y 50g jeY
01. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYy‡Z 4_© K¶c‡_i e¨vmva© 8.510–10 m n‡j, GB K¶c‡_ wgwkªZ Av‡Q| `ªeYwU‡K m¤ú„³ Ki‡Z Avi KZ MÖvg jeY †hvM Ki‡Z n‡e?
B‡jKUª‡bi MwZ‡eM KZ ms–1 n‡e? [KU-A,Set-Kha:2018-19]
[SUST-B.2016-17]
A. 54 B. 4 C. 2 D. 36 E. 22
A. 5.4102 B. 5.4103
mwVK DËi: B. 4
C. 5.4104 D. 5.4 105
e¨vL¨v: 200g Rjxq `ªe‡Y NaCl 50 gm
mwVK DËi: D. 5.4 105
150
nh nh 150 gm cvwb Av‡Q, hv m¤ú„³ n‡Z †gvU = 36g
e¨vL¨v: ‡evi ZË¡ Abyhvqxt mvr   v  100
2 2mr = 54gm NaCl ìKvi
34
4  6.626 10  5.449 10 5 ms 1  jeY jvM‡e AviI = 54 – 50 = 4gm
  31 10
2 ( 22 )  9.109 10  8.5 10 04. AB ‡h․‡Mi (M=140) `ªe‡Y `ªve¨Zv ¸Yv¼ 4.0×10-10mol2.L-2 n‡j
7
02. evgvi wmwi‡Ri HB †iLvi Zi½ •`N©¨ KZ? [hLb GKwU B‡jKUªb 3q ‡h․MwUi `ªve¨Zv KZ? [SUST-B.2016-17]
kw³¯Íi n‡Z Av‡m] (RH = 1.09737107 m-1) [KU-A.2017-18] A. 2.8×10-4 B. 5.6×10-10

C. 5.6×10-4 D. 5.6×10-8 E. 2.8 ×10-5
A. 6.564610-1 B. 6.564610-2 cm
mwVK DËi: bvB|
C. 6.56410-4 m D. 6.564510-5 cm
mwVK DËi: D. 6.564510-5 cm e¨vL¨v: S= K sp = S = 4  10 10 = 210-5 mol/L
CoU 05. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYy‡Z jvBg¨vb wmwi‡R GKwU B‡jKUªb n = 6 kw³ ¯Íi †_‡K
01. v = RH  2 – 2 mgxKi‡Y c¨v‡ðb wmwi‡Ri Rb¨ n2 Gi b~¨bZg gvb
– 1 1 ¯vbvšÍwiZ n‡j wewKwiZ Av‡jvK †dvU‡bi kw³ 2.0 × 10–15 KJ. GKB
n1 n2 wmwi‡R GKwU B‡jKUªb n = 2 kw³ ¯Íi †_‡K ¯vbvšÍwiZ n‡j wewKwiZ
KZ? [CoU–A. 2019-20] Av‡jvK †dvU‡bi kw³ KZ KJ? [SUST 2015-16]
A. 3 B. 2 C. 4 D. 5 A. 0.21 × 10 –15
B. 0.52 × 10 –15
mwVK DËi: C. 4 C. 1.54 × 10–15 D. 3.00 × 10–15

–15
e¨vL¨v: c¨v‡ðb wmwi‡Ri Rb¨ n1 = 3 Ges b~¨bZg gvb n2 = n1 + 1 = 3+1=4 mwVK DËi: C. 1.54 × 10
e¨vL¨v: = RH  2 – 2
02. Ag2C2O4 Gi `ªve¨Zv S n‡j `ªve¨Zvi ¸Ydj- [IU-A.2017-18] 1 1 1
A. 4S 3
B. 27S 4
C. 2S 2
D. S 3  n1 n2
mwVK DËi: A. 4S3
GLb, wewKwiZ kw³ = E = = hc × = hcRH  2 – 2
hc 1 1 1
e¨vL¨v: Ag2C2O4 ⇌ 2Ag + C2O4+ 2-   n1 n2
S 2S S jvB‡gb wmwi‡Ri †ÿ‡Î, n1 = 1 nIqvq,
KSP = [Ag+]2 [C2O42-] = (2S)2.S = 4S2.S = 4S3
cÖ_g †ÿ‡Î weKxY© kw³ E1 n‡j E1 = hcRH 1 – 62 = 2 × 10–15 kJ
1

wØZxq †ÿ‡Î weKxY© kw³ E2 n‡j E2 = hcRH 1 – 62 = 2 × 10–15 kJ
1
SUST
 = 1 –  or, E2 = × 2 × 10–15 KJ
01. Li2+ Avq‡bi 4_© kw³¯Íi †_‡K 2q kw³¯Í‡i GKwU B‡jKUªb avcvšÍwiZ E2 1 27
7 -1 E1  4 35
n‡j wewKi‡Yi Zi½ •`N¨© KZ wgUvi?(RH=1.0967810 m )
[SUST-B,2018-19]
= 1.542857 × 10–15 KJ
A. 0.610-8 B. 6.010-15 06. Mg(OH)2 Gi `ªve¨Zv ¸YvsK 2.0 × 10–11 `ªe‡Yi pH = 10 n‡j H `ªe‡Y
C. 5.410-8 D. 5.410-15 E. 6.010-10 Mg2+ Gi NbgvÎv KZ mol/L? [SUST 2015-16]
–8 A. 0.2 B. 0.02 C. 0.002 D. 0.004 E. 0.006
mwVK DËi: C. 5.410
mwVK DËi: C. 0.002
e¨vL¨v: 1  RH Z 2  12  12   10967800  32  12  12  e¨vL¨v: GKwU `ªe‡Yi pH = 10 A_©vr, pOH = (14 – 10) = 4
  n1 n2  2 4 
A_©vr, H `ª‡e‡Y OH– Avq‡bi NbgvÎv = 10–4 mole L–1|
1
  1.851  107    5.4  108 m 2 × 10–11
[Mg2+] = = 0.002 mol L–1
 (10–4)2
02. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi B‡jKUªb wØZxq kw³¯Íi †_‡K cÖ_g kw³¯Í‡i Avm‡j 07. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi B‡jKUªb GK kw³ ¯Íi †_‡K Av‡iK kw³i ¯Í‡i
KZ Zi½ •`‡N©ï iwk¥ wewKiY K‡i? [SUST-B93-2017-18] ¯vbvšÍwiZ nIqvq evgvi wmwi‡R m„ó eYv©jxi Zi½ ‣`N©¨ 434 nm. †Kvb
A. 12Å B. 12 nm C. 120Å kw³¯Íi †_‡K B‡jKUªb ‡Kvb kw³ ¯Í‡i ¯vbvšÍwiZ nj? RH=109678cm-1
D. 1200Å E. 1200 nm [SUST:2009-2010]
mwVK DËi: D. 1200Å A. 5 bs kw³ ¯Íi †_‡K 1 bs kw³ ¯Íi
B. 4 bs kw³ ¯Íi †_‡K 2 bs kw³ ¯Íi
1  1 1 6 1 1
e¨vL¨v:  
 RH  2  2   10.97  10  2  2  C. 5 bs kw³ ¯Íi †_‡K 2 bs kw³ ¯Íi
  n1 n2  1 2  D. 5 bs kw³ ¯Íi ‡_‡K 3 bs kw³ ¯Íi
  = 1.22  10 m = 1220  10 m = 1200Å
-7 -10
mwVK DËi: C. 5 bs kw³ ¯Íi †_‡K 2 bs kw³ ¯Íi
e¨vL¨v: 1  RH  1  1  evgvi wmwi‡Ri †ejvq, n1 = 2; n2 =? STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION
  n2 n2 
 1 2  BUET
 = 109678 cm–1  – 2 ev n22 = 52 ( = 434nm)  n2 = 5
1 1 1 01. 9.1  10 kg fiwewkó GKwU B‡jKUªb hw` wbDwK¬qvm‡K †K›`ª K‡i 0.53
-31
 1 n
 2  10-10m e¨vmv‡a©i Kÿc‡_ Nyi‡Z _v‡K, Z‡e Zvi †K․wYK †eM ‡ei Ki|
08. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi †ÿ‡Î evgvi wmwi‡R eY©vjx †iLvi m‡e©v”P Zi½ msL¨v [cøv‡¼i aªæeK = 6.63  10-34 J-s] [BUET. 2018-19]
6 –1
KZ n‡Z cv‡i? (RH = 10.97 × 10 m ) [SUST 2007-08] e GLv‡b,
A. 2.74 × 106 m–1 B. 10.97 ×106 m–1 e¨vL¨v: v  m = 9.1  10-31kg
C. 109.7 m–1 D. 6.023 × 1023 nm 4 0 mr
r = 0.53  10-10m
mwVK DËi: A. 2.74 × 106 m–1 1.6  10 19
e¨vL¨v: evgvi wmwi‡Ri eY©vjx †iLvi m‡e©v”P Zi½ msL¨v, 

4  8.85  10 12  9.1  10 31  0.53  10 10
 = = RH  2 – 2 = 10.97 × 106 ×  2 – 0 = 2.7425 × 106 m–1
– 1 1 1 1
 n1 n2 2   2.184 10 6 ms 1
JUST v 2.184  10 6
  
01. wiWevM© aªæe‡Ki gvb KZ? [JUST. 2015-16] r 0.53  10 10
A. 10.87  106 cm-1 B. 10.87  106 m-1  4.121  1016 rads 1 Ans.
C. 10.97  106 cm-1 D. 10.97  106 m-1
02. 200mL 1.3  10-3M NbgvÎvi AgNO3 `ªe‡Yi mv‡_ 100mL 4.5  10-5
mwVK DËi: D. 10.97  10 m [Extra Inf. 109678cm–1]
6 -1
M NbgvÎvi Na2S `ªeY ‡gk‡bv nj| G‡Z Kx †Kvb Aat‡ÿc co‡e? hyw³
BSMRSTU
`vI| [Ksp = 1.6  10-49] [BUET. 2018-19]
01. ‡evi nvB‡Wªv‡Rb g‡Wj Abyqvqx Z…Zxq †evi Kÿ c‡_i e¨vmva© cÖ_g †evi
Kÿ c‡_i e¨vmv‡a©i KZ ¸Y? [BSMRSTU:2018-19]
e¨vL¨v: 2AgNO3+Na2S ⇌ Ag2S + 2NaNO3
1 1 Ag2S ⇌ 2Ag+ +S2-
A. B. 9 C. D. 16 Ag Gi 1g NbgvÎv = 1.310-3 M
9 3
mwVK DËi: B. 9 200  1.3  10 3
Ag Gi ‡kl NbgvÎv =  8.667  10 4 M
e¨vL¨v: rn = n2r1  r3 = 32r1 = 9r1 300
02. AX3 Gi `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj 1.710-12 n‡j, GwUi `ªve¨Zv KZ? S Gi 1g NbgvÎv = 4.510-5 M
100  4.5 10
[BSMRSTU-C.2017-18]
A. 2.510-4 mol2/L B. 2.510-1 mol/L2 S Gi ‡kl NbgvÎv =  1.5 10 5 M
C. 6.3 10-14 mol/L D. 5.010-4 mol/L 300
mwVK DËi: D. 5.010-4 mol/L Ag2S Gi KIP = [Ag+]2[S] = (8.66710-4)2  (1.510-5)
e¨vL¨v: KSP = 27S4  S4 = K SP  S  4 K SP = 1.12710-11
27 27 ‡h‡nZz Kip > Ksp ‡m‡nZz Aat‡ÿc co‡e
1.7  10 12 03. GKwU †g․‡ji cigvYy¸wji wb¤œwjwLZ cÖvK…wZK cÖvPzh© I AvB‡mv‡UvwcK fi
 4 10–44mol/L
= 5510 mol / L
27 i‡q‡Q| †g․jwUi Mo cvigvYweK fi wnmve Ki| [BUET. 2001-02]
03. Al(OH)3 Gi `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj 3.7×10-15 n‡j Al(OH)3 Gi `ªve¨Zv n‡e? Abundance : 90.92% 0.26% 8.82%
[BSMRSTU--C. 2016-17] Isotopic mass : 19.99 amu 20.99amu 21.99 amu
A. 1.08×10-4 molL–1 B. 1.08×10-2 molL–1 e¨vL¨v: Mo cvigvYweK fi
C. 1.08×10-3 molL–1 D. 1.08×10-1 molL–1
90.92 × 19.99 + 0.26 × 20.99 + 8.82 × 21.99
mwVK DËi: A. 1.08×10-4 molL–1 =
100
e¨vL¨v: KSP = 27S4 = 20.169 amu
3.7  10 15
S= 4 = 1.08×1×10–4 molL-1 KUET
27
01. GKwU †g․‡ji B‡j±ªb web¨vm n‡jv 1s22s22p63s23p5| †g․jwUi
PUST 6.2407810-23g G KZwU B‡j±ªb Av‡Q? [KUET.2018-19]
01. 50 mL m¤ú„³ `ªe‡Y 5 g CaCl2 Av‡Q| wjUvi cÖwZ CaCl2 Gi `ªve¨Zv A. 1 B. 1.023911023
KZ? [PBSTU-B.2016-17] C. 1.6406710 47
D. 18 E. 639
A. 10 gL-1 B. 100 gL-1 C. 101 gL-1 D. 1011 gL-1 mwVK DËi: D. 18
-1
mwVK DËi: B. 100g L e¨vL¨v: 1s2s22p63s23p5 B‡jKUªb wewkó †g․jwU nj Cl| hvi cvigvYweK fi
e¨vL¨v: 50ml `ªe‡Y CaCl2 Av‡Q 5g 35.5 g
1ml `ªe‡Y CaCl2 Av‡Q
5 wNA  17 6.24078  1023  6.02  1023  17
50 x= =
M 35.5
5  1000 37.56  35.5
1000ml `ªe‡Y CaCl2 Av‡Q = 100g/L = = 17.98  18 wU
50 35.5
ASPECT SERIES  –19
02. `ªe‡Y Avqb¸‡jvi NbgvÎvi ¸Ydj hw`Ñ [KUET.2018-19] 07. Cu(OH)2 Gi `ªve¨Zv ¸YvsK 25C ZvcgvÎvq 2.2 × 10 n‡j Gi
(i) `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji mgvb nq Z‡e `ªeYwU m¤ú„³ n‡e
`ªve¨Zv L KZ n‡e?
g
[KUET 2015-16]
(ii) `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji Kg nq, Z‡e `ªeYwU Am¤ú„³ n‡e
(iii) `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji †ewk nq, Z‡e `ªeYwU Aatwÿß n‡e A. 1.78 × 10–5 g/L B. 3.70 × 10–5 g/L
–4
(iv) `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji †ewk nq, Z‡e `ªeYwU Am¤ú„³ I Aatwÿß n‡e C. 1.78 × 10 g/L D. 1.78 × 10–6 g/L
–4
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? E. 3.70 × 10 g/L
A. i I ii B. i, iii I iv C. ii I iii D. i, ii I iii E. i, ii I iv mwVK DËi: B. 3.70 × 10–5 g/L
mwVK DËi: D. i, ii I iii e¨vL¨v: Cu(OH) (s) ⇌ Cu2+(aq) + 2OH– (aq)
2
e¨vL¨v: †Kv‡bv `ªe‡Y Dcw¯Z †h․‡Mi AvqwbK ¸Ydj,
Avw` NbgvÎv : 1 0 0
(i) `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji †ewk n‡j `ªeYwU Aatwÿß n‡e|
mvgë¯vq NbgvÎv : 1 – S S 2S
(ii) `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji mgvb n‡j `ªeYwU m¤ú„³ n‡e|
GLv‡b S = `ªve¨Zv (mol/L)
(iii) `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji Kg n‡j `ªeYwU Am¤ú„³ n‡e|
Ksp = [Cu2+] [OH–]2  2.2 × 10–19 = S.(2S)2 = 4S3
03. 16
8 O Gi cÖK…Z fi 15.9949 amu n‡j cÖwZwU wbDwK¬q‡bi eÜb kw³
 S = 3.80 × 10–7 mol/L
MeV †Z KZ n‡e? (wbDUªb, †cÖvUb I B‡j±ª‡bi fi h_vµ‡g 1.0086,
 g/L G `ªve¨Zv = 3.8 × 10–7 × (63.5 + 34) = 3.70 × 10–5 g/L
1.0078 Ges 0.00054 amu) [KUET.2018-19]
08. Americium Gi eÜb kw³ MeV †Z KZ n‡e, hw` Zvi fi-ÎæwU 1.35
A. 12 B. 10 C. 8 D. 6 E. 4
mwVK DËi: C. 8 amu nq? [KUET. 2011-12]
–4
e¨vL¨v: Mass = 8 × 1.0078 + (16 – 8) × 1.0086 = 16.1312 amu A. 1260.56 MeV B. 1.25 × 10 MeV
–5
fiÎæwU = (16.1312 – 15.9949) = 0.1363 amu C. 12.60 × 10 MeV D. 12600 MeV
–2
–27
= 0.1363 × 1.6605 × 10 kg = 2.2632 ×10 kg –28 E. 1.26 × 10 MeV
eÜbkw³ = E = mc2 = 2.2632 × 10–28 × (3 × 108)2 = 127.305 MeV mwVK DËi: A. 1260.56 MeV
E 127.305 e¨vL¨v: E = 1.35 × 1.66 × 10–27 × (3 × 108)2 J = 1260.56 MeV
 wbDwK¬qb cÖwZ eÜb kw³ = = = 7.956 MeV  8
A 16 237
09. NP Gi cÖK…Z fi 237.25 amu n‡j Dnvi fiÎæwU KZ n‡e? [wbDUªb,
04. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi Z…Zxq Ges wØZxq kw³¯Í‡ii B‡j±ª‡bi kw³ h_vµ‡g 93
5.54×10-10erg Ges 2.44×10-11erg| Z…Zxq kw³¯Íi †_‡K wØZxq †cÖvUb I B‡jKUª‡bi fi h_vµ‡g 1.0089 amu, 10078 amu Ges
kw³¯Í‡i B‡jKUªbwU cwZZ n‡j †h iwk¥ weKwiZ nq Zvi K¤úv¼ (nvR©) KZ 0.00054 amu]] [KUET 2009-10]
n‡e? [KUET-2016-17] A. 1.7570 amu B. 2.0572 amu C. 1.8072 amu D. 2.0070 amu
A. 8.72×1023 B. 7.99×1023 C. 7.99×1018 mwVK DËi: 1.757 amu
D. 8.73×1016 E. 7.99×1016 e¨vL¨v: GLv‡b, e– Ges P Gi msL¨v 93 Ges 93
16
mwVK DËi: E. 7.99×10
 wbDUªb Gi msL¨v = 144
e¨vL¨v: E =5.54×10-10erg -2.44×10-11erg=5.296×10-10 erg
 fiÎæwU = [(93 × 1.0078) + (144 × 1.0089)] – 237.25
= 5.296×10-17J
 fiÎæwU = 1.757 amu
E 5.296 10 17
E=h= = 16
= 7.99×10 Hz 10. †evi g‡Wj cigvYy‡Z GKwU †evi B‡jKUªb Z…Zxq kw³¯Íi ev w¯i Kÿc‡_
h h GKwU c~Y© AveZ©b Ki‡Z KqwU c~Y© Zi½ m„wó Ki‡e? [KUET 2009-10]
05. Ca(OH)2 Gi `ªve¨Zv ¸Yv¼ 250C ZvcgvÎvq 2.210–19 n‡j Gi `ªve¨Zv
A. 1 B. 3 C. 6 D. 9 E. 2
(g/L) KZ n‡e? [KUET. 2015-16]
mwVK DËi: B. 3
A. 1.7810–5 g/L B. 3.7010–5 g/L
–4
C. 1.7810 g/L D. 1.7810–6 g/L E. 3.7010–4 g/L e¨vL¨v: Avgiv Rvwb,  3q Kÿc‡_i cwiwa = 3
mwVK DËi: B. 3.7010 g/L –5 2r = n AZGe, 3q Kÿc‡_ cÖ‡Z¨K AveZ©b Kv‡j
e¨vL¨v: ‡h‡nZz †h․MwU AB2 UvB‡ci ZvB m~Î n‡e, n = 3 n‡j, 2r = 3 B‡jKUªbwU 3wU c~Y© Zi½ m„wó K‡i|
-19 239
KSP 2.210 11. NP cigvYyi cÖwZ wbDwK¬q‡bi eÜb kw³ Mev †Z wbY©q Ki, hvi cÖK…Z
KSP = S(2S)2 = 4S3 ev, S3 = = 93
4 4
19
fi 237.81 amu| (wbDUªb, †cÖvUb Ges B‡jKUªb Gi fi h_vµ‡g
= 3 2.2  10 = 3.7010–5 g/L 1.0086 amu, 1.0074 amu & 0.00054 amu) [KUET. 2004-05]
4
06. KÿZvcgvÎvq mgy‡`ªi cvwbi `ªve¨Zv 0.65 mol/100ml n‡j 1.0L mgy‡`ªi
mwVK DËi: 12.239 MeV per Nucleon.
cvwb †_‡K Kx cwigvY Lvevi jeY Drcvw`Z n‡e? [KUET. 2015-16] e¨vL¨v: Mass = 93 × 1.0074 + (239 – 93) × 1.0086 = 240.944 amu
A. 38.025g B. 380.25g C. 38.025 mol fiÎæwU = (240.944 – 237.81) = 3.134 amu
D. 480.25g E. 0.38025g = 3.134 × 1.6605 × 10–27 kg = 5.204 ×10–27 kg
mwVK DËi: B. 380.25g eÜbkw³ = E = mc2 = 5.204 × 10–27 × (3 × 108)2
e¨vL¨v: 0.65 mol/100ml NaCl = 6.5mol (L) = 2927.25 MeV
1 mol = 58.5g NaCl E 2925.25
 6.5 mol = 58.5g  6.5 mol NaCl = 380.25 g mol NaCl  wbDwK¬qb cÖwZ eÜb kw³ = = = 12.239 MeV
A 239
RUET 320.1167
e¨vL¨v: GLv‡b, S Gi cwigvY = 137+32+64 = 0.016g
01. jvj iwk¥i Zi½‣`N¨© 700 nm n‡j Gi Zi½ msL¨v wbY©q Ki| (Av‡jvi
0.016
MwZ = 3.0  108 ms 1 ) [RUET. 2013-14]  kZKiv cwigvY = 0.20  100 % = 8.01% ( )
1 1
A. 2.439 10 cm B. 4.95  10 cm
4 4
04. hw` †K¬vwi‡bi cvigvYweK fi 35.5 nq Z‡e †K¬vwi‡bi Cl 35 Ges Cl 37 Gi
1 1
C. 24.39  10 cm D. 49.50  10 cm
4 4
E. None AbycvZ KZ n‡e? [BUTex.2013-2014]
mwVK DËi: E. None A. 1:2 B. 2:1 C. 3:1 D. 1:3
1 1 mwVK DËi: C. 3:1
e¨vL¨v: –v   m 1 = 1.4286  106 m1 = 1.42  104 cm1
 700  10  9 e¨vL¨v: awi, 35
Cl Gi cwigvY x % Ges 37
Cl Gi cwigvY 100  x %
CUET 35  x  37 100  x  35x  3700  37 x
  35 .5   35.5  3700 
01. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi B‡jKUªb hLb 4_© kw³¯Íi †_‡K wb¤œ kw³¯Í‡i 100 100
¯vbvšÍwiZ n‡q evgvi wmwiR m„wó K‡i, ZLb m„ó eY© x †iLvi
35vjx  37•`N©
3700Zi½ x ¨
–1
KZ? [awi wiWevM© aªæeK = 109678 cm ]  [CUET.
 35.5  3700  2x  3550  2x  150  x  75
100 2015-16]
A. 4.8610-5cm B. 18.7510-5cm 75
 35Cl = 75%; 17Cl = (100–75)% = 25%  AbycvZ = =3:1
C. 9.7210-6cm D. 6.5610-5cm 25
mwVK DËi: A. 4.8610-5cm STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & HSC QUESTION
1  1 1  = 109678  1 1 
e¨vL¨v: = RH
  2  2     Board Ques.
 n1 n2   4 16 
01. 25C-G Al2(SO4)3 Gi `ªve¨Zv S n‡i, ZLb Gi AvqwbK ¸Ydj n‡e
  = 4.8610-5cm
†KvbwU? [Xv.‡ev.2017]
02. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYy‡Z jvBg¨vb wmwi‡R GKwU B‡jKUªb n = 6 kw³ ¯Íi
A. S5 B. 6 S5 C. 27 S5 D. 108 S5
‡_‡K ¯vbvšÍwiZ n‡j wewKwiZ ‡dvU‡bi kw³ 2.010–15 kJ| GKB mwVK DËi: D. 108 S 5
wmwi‡R GKwU B‡jKUªb n = 2 kw³ ¯Íi ‡_‡K ¯vbvšÍwiZ n‡j wewKwiZ 02. 25C G Mg(OH)2 Gi `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj 4  103 n‡j ZLb OH Avq‡bi
‡dvU‡bi kw³ KZ kJ? [CUET. 2015-16]
–15 –15
NbgvÎv KZ mol L1 nq? [Xv.‡ev.2017]
A. 0.2110 B. 0.5210
A. 101 B. 102 C. 103 D. 104
C. 1.5410–15 D. 2.5010–15
–15
mwVK DËi: bvB|
E. 3.0010
e¨vL¨v: 4s3 = 4  10–3  s3 = 10–3  s = 10–1  [OH–] = 2  10–1
mwVK DËi: C. 1.5410–15
hc 03. 30C-G PbSO4 Gi `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj 1.7  105 n‡j ZLb Gi m¤ú„³
e¨vL¨v: jvBg¨vb wmwi‡Ri Rb¨, E1 = h = `ªe‡Y SO42 Avq‡bi NbgvÎv KZ mol L1 nq? [Kz.‡ev.2017]
1
hc 1 1 35 A. 1.64  102 B. 2.06  103
 E1 = h = = hcRH ( 2 – 2 ) = hcRH ( )
1 1 6 36 C. 3.24  103 D. 4.12  103
3
35 mwVK DËi: D. 4.12  10
 E1 = hcRH ( ) ............... (i)
36 04. 25C-G Zn3(PO4)2 Gi `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj cÖKvkK m¤úK© †KvbwU?
hc 1 1 3 [h.‡ev.2017]
Avevi, E2 = h = = hcRH (12 – 22 ) = hcRH (4 )
2 A. Ksp = [Zn ]  [PO4 ]
2+ 3
B. Ksp = 6[Zn ]  [PO43]
2+
3 C. Ksp = [Zn ]  [PO4 ]

2+ 3 3 2
D. Ksp = 108 [Zn2+]3  [PO43]2
 E2 = hcRH ( ) ................... (ii)
4
mwVK DËi: D. Ksp = 108 [Zn ]  [PO43]2
2+ 3
3
hcRH
4 05. CaC2O4 Gi `ªve¨Zv wb‡¤œv³ †Kvb `ªe‡Y †ewk n‡e? [e.‡ev.2016]
E 39 27
Here, E1 = 210-10kJ (ii)  (i)  =
2
= = A. 0.1 M HCl B. 0.1 M NaOH
E1 35 435 35
hcRH C. 0.1 M H2SO4 D. 0.1 M H2CO3
36
27 mwVK DËi: A. 0.1 M HCl
 E2 =  2  10–15 kJ = 1.5410–15 kJ
35 06. 25C G Fe(OH)3 Gi `ªve¨Zv 2.1153  108 g L1; H ZvcgvÎvq Gi
03. 0.20 gm ‣Re †h․M‡K K¨vwiqvm cÖYvjx‡Z we‡kølY K‡i 0.1167 gm `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj KZ? [Fe = 55.85] [wm.‡ev.2016]
BaSO4 cvIqv †Mj| mvjdv‡ii kZKiv nvi wbY©q Ki| [CUET. 2014-15] A. 4.147  10 38
B. 3.416  10 32
A. 23.53% B. 10.01% C. 3.08  1028 D. 2.162  1022

C. 8.01% D. None of them
mwVK DËi: C. 8.01% mwVK DËi: A. 4.147  1038
Avm‡c± wmwiR : cvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm

mKj cvVëB‡qi cÖkœ  NCTB QUESTIONS ANALYSIS  e¨vL¨vmn mgvavb
 Kwei  iweDj  10. GKwU †g․‡ji cvigvYweK msL¨v 89| †g․jwUi cÖK…wZ Kx?
A.ÿvi avZz B. †ZRw¯…q †g․j C. Ae¯všÍi avZz D. d– eøK †g․j
01. 2p AiweUv‡ji n Ges l Gi gvb KZ? [Xv.‡ev.2016]
Ans B Why 82 Gi Dc‡ii cvigvYweK msL¨vi †g․j¸‡jv †ZRw¯…q|
A. n = 3, l = 1 B. n = 2, l = 1 C. n = 1, l = 2 D. n = 2, l = 0
11. wb‡gœi †KvbwU †ZRw¯…q AvB‡mv‡Uvc?
Ans B Why 2p AiweUv‡ji n=2,l=2-1=1,m=±1(+1,0,-1)
32 23
02. GKwU †g․‡ji cigvYyi ewnt¯Í‡ii B‡jKUªbxq KvVv‡gv (n–1)p6ns1 A. 15 P B. 11 Na C. 12
6 C D. 14
6 C
+ 2+
(i) ‡g․jwU M K¨vUvqb MVb K‡i, M bq 32 14
Ans A, D Why 15 P I 6 C `ywU †ZRw¯…q AvB‡mv‡Uvc| †k¦Z-i³
(ii) †g․jwU mg‡hvRx †h․M MVb K‡i
KwYKv AZ¨waK e„w×RwbZ i³víZv (Blood-leucaemin) †iv‡Mi wPwKrmvq
(iii) chv©q mviwYi Gr–I G Aew¯Z
32
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? †ZRw¯…q 15 P AvB‡mv‡Uvc eëüZ nq| Ab¨w`‡K 14 6 C Gi mvnv‡h¨ c„w_exi
A. i B. i I ii C. i I iii D. i, ii I iii eqm wbY©q Kiv m¤¢e|
Ans C Why B‡jKUªb web¨vm †_‡K †`Lv hvq †h, †g․jwUi me©ewnt¯ 12. Cu(29) cigvYyi me©ewn:¯ K‡ÿi B‡jKUª‡bi PviwU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb Ñ
kw³¯Í‡i 1wU B‡jKUªb we`¨gvb| myZivs †g․jwU Gr–I Gi Ges GwU M+ 1 1

Avqb MVb K‡i| A. n = 4, l = 0, m = 0, s = – B. n = 4, l = 0, m = 0, s = +
2 2
03. A (`ªve¨Zv 25), B (`ªve¨Zv 62) Ges C (`ªve¨Zv 12) wewkó 3wU KwVb 1 1
c`v‡_©i wgkÖY †_‡K Dcv`vb¸‡jv‡K Kxfv‡e c„_K Kiv hvq? C. n = 4, l = 3, m = 7, s = – D. n = 4, l = 3, m = 0, s = +
2 2
A. `ªveK wb®‥vkb B. †Kjvmb y 1 10
Kcv‡ii me© e wnt¯ ¯Í ‡ i 4s
Ans B Wh Cu(29)[Ar]4s 3d
C. AvswkK †Kjvmb D. AvswkK cvZb
AiweUv‡j GKwU B‡jKUªb we`¨gvb| 4s AiweUv‡ji Rb¨ PviwU †Kvqv›Uvg
Ans C Why wewfbœ `ªve¨Zv wewkó KwVb c`v‡_©i wgkÖY Avjv`v Kivi
1
Rb¨ AvswkK †Kjvmb c×wZ eënvi Kiv nq| msL¨vi gvb Ñ n = 4, l = 0, m = 0, s = +2
04. K¨vbvj iwk¥ n‡”QÑ 13. I 2 DØvqx I cvwb‡Z A`ªeYxq wKš‧ NaCl AbyØvqx| I 2 I NaCl Gi wgkÖY
(i) abvZ¥K Avavbhy³ KYv
(ii) FYvZ¥K Avavbhy³ KYv Øviv AvKwl©Z nq †_‡K †Kvb cÖwµqvq Zv‡ì c„_K Kiv hv‡e?
(iii) K¨v‡_vW iwk¥i wecix‡Z P‡j A. AvswkK †Kjvmb B. EaŸ©cvZb
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK C . `ª v eK wb®‥ v kb D. AvswkK cvZb
A. i B. i I ii C. ii I iii D. i, ii I iii Ans B Why I2 EaŸ©cvwZZ c`v_© ZvB EaŸ©cvZb c×wZ‡Z I2 D‡V hv‡e
Ans D Why K¨vbvj iwk¥ n‡”Q abvZ¥K iwk¥ wKš‧ K¨v‡_vW iwk¥ FYvZ¥K| Ges NaCl cv‡Î c‡o _v‡K| cieZ©x‡Z kxZj Ki‡j I2 cvIqv hvq|
05. 15 14. wMømvwi‡bi ùzUbvsK 2960C| Aweï× wMømvwib †K we‡kva‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨
7 N AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci wbDUªb msL¨v KZ?
A. 7 B. 8 C. 15 D. 40
AvswkK cvZb Ki‡Z †M‡j Zvi ùyUbvs‡K †c․Qv‡bvi A‡bK Av‡MB Zv
Ans B Why Avgiv Rvwb, n = A–P = 15 – 7 = 8 Zv‡c we‡qvwRZ n‡q hvq| Zvn‡j Kxfv‡e wMømvwib we‡kvab Kiv hvq?
24 2 A. wóg cvZb B. wb¤œPvc cvZb C. `ªveK wb®‥vkb D. †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd
06. 12 Mg Gi kw³¯Í‡i B‡jKUªb msL¨v Ñ
Ans B Wh y ¯^ v fvweK evqyPv‡c 760 mm(Hg) G wMømvwib 290C
A. 12 B. 24 C. 10 D. 14
ZvcgvÎvq AvswkK we‡hvRbmn dz‡U I cvwZZ nq| wKš‧ 12 mm(Hg) wb¤œ
Ans C Why B‡jKUªb msL¨v = P PvR© msL¨v = 12 –2= 10
07. ‡Kvb `yBwU ci¯úi AvB‡mv‡Uvb? Pv‡c 3180C ZvcgvÎvq wMømvwib we‡hvRb QvovB dz‡U I cvwZZ nq| ZvB
23 24 14 16 14 19 16 17 wMømvwib we‡kva‡b wb¤œPvc cvZb eënvi Kiv nq|
A. Na , Mg B. C, C C. N, F D. O, O 15. GKwU Zij •Re †h․M‡K Zvc w`‡j GwU 78.30C ZvcgvÎvq dz‡U| Gi mv‡_
11 12 6 8 7 9 8 8
23 24
mvgvb¨ B_vbj wgwkÖZ K‡i Zvc w`‡j †`Lv hvq †h wgkÖ ZijwUI 78.30C
Ans A Why AvB‡mv‡UvbÑG wbDUªb msL¨v mgvb _v‡K| Na , Mg ZvcgvÎvq dz‡U‡Q| g~j ZijwU Kx?
11 12
A. Aweï× CH3CH2OH B. weï× CH3CH2OH
G Df‡qi wbDUªb msL¨v 12| B Ack‡b †g․‡ji ms‡KZ f~j Av‡Q|
C. B_vbj mg‡MvÎK D. †KvbwUB bq
08. ‡Kvb `yBwU ci¯úi AvB‡mvevi?
Ans B Wh y 95.6% B_vbj I 4.4% cvwbi wgkÖY| G wgkÖ‡Yi ùzUbv¼
35 32 207 204 14 14 16 17
A. Cl , Si B. 82 Pb,80 Hg C. C, N D. O, O n‡jv 78.15C| wKš‧ weï× B_vbj I cvwbi ùzUbv¼ n‡jv 78.3C I
17 14 6 7 8 8
100C|
14 14
Ans C Why fi msL¨v mgvb _v‡K AvB‡mvev‡i| C, N G fi 16. M †g․‡ji Avqb M m¤¢e, M2 m¤¢e bq| †g․jwUi cigvYyi ewnt¯Í‡ii
6 7
msL¨v Df‡qi 14| B‡jKUªbxq KvVv‡gvÑ
09. `ywU AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci g‡a¨ Kx †`Lv hvq? A. np1 B. ns1 C. (n–1)d10s1 D. (n–1)d1ns2
A. cvigvYweK msL¨v ‡bB B. cvigvYweK fi msL¨v mgvb Ans B Why M ÿvi avZzi •ewkó¨| Avi ÿvi avZzi ewnt¯ B‡jKUªbxq
C. wbDUªb msL¨v mgvb D. ch©vqmviwY‡Z GKB Ae¯vb KvVv‡gv ns1 |
Ans D Why AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci ‡ÿ‡Î †h‡nZz cvigvYweK msL¨v mgvb nq ïaygvÎ 1g MÖæ‡ci †g․‡ji †ÿ‡Î M+ Avqb m¤¢e| Avi 1g MÖæ‡ci †g․‡ji e
ZvB Zviv chv©qmviYx‡Z GKB ¯vb `Lj Ki‡e| web¨vm ns1|
2 1 2 6 ASPECT SERIES 
56 2 52 59 3
17. ns np Ges ns np ‡Kvb MÖæ‡c Aew¯Z? 03. 26 Fe , 24Cr, 27Co Gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡QÑ
A. Gr–I, Gr–VI B. Gr–III, Gr–VIII (i) mgvb msL¨K B‡jKUªb (ii) GKB B‡jKUªb web¨vm
C. Gr–III, Gr–0 D. Gr–I, Gr–0 (iii) wfbœ †cÖvUb msL¨v wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
Ans C Why ns np I ns np B‡jKUªb web¨vm †_‡K †evSv hvq †h,
2 1 2 6
A. i B. ii C. i I iii D. i, ii I iii
G‡ì me© ewnt¯ ¯Í‡i h_vµ‡g 3 I 8 wU B‡jKUªb we`¨gvb| myZivs 
Ans C Why 26Fe Gi e msL¨v = (26  2) 24
56 2+
B‡jKUªb web¨vm `yBwU h_vµ‡g Gr–IIIA I Gr–VIII Gi| 52
24
Cr Gi e msL¨v = 24
 nvRvix  nvivab bvM  59
27
CO3+ e
msL¨v = (27  3) = 24
01. iv`vi‡dv‡W©i -KYv we”QziY cixÿvq †Kvb c`v‡_©i cÖ‡jchy³ c`©v eëüZ nq? 04. ‣Re †h․‡Mi c„_KxKiY I we‡kva‡bi c×wZ †KvbwU?
[Xv.†ev. 16] A. Aby‡cÖl cvZb B. DaŸ©cvZb
A. Au B. ZnS C. PbS D. NiS C. ‡µvgv‡UvMÖvdx D. ivmvqwbK cÖYvwj
Ans B Wh y iv`vi‡dv‡W© i cixÿvq ZnS c`© v I 0.004 cm cy i æ‡Z¡ i Ans C Wh y †µvgv‡UvMÖ v dx c×wZ‡Z •Re †h․M we‡kvab I c„_KxKiY
†mvbvi cvZ eënvi Kiv n‡q‡Q| Kiv nq|
02. 3p AiweUv‡ji †ejvq n I l Gi gvb †KvbwU n‡e?  Rqbvj  mv‡qb  Iqvwn`y¾vgvb  Avãyj gvbœvb 
A. n = 3, l = 0 B. n = 3, l = 1 C. n = 2, l = 3 D. n = 3, l = 2
Ans B Why n = 3, Zvn‡j, l = 0 n‡Z (n  1) = 0, 1, 2 01. wiWevM© aªæeK n‡”Q Ñ
†h‡nZz p AweUvj †m‡nZz l = 1; 3p Gi Rb¨ n = 3, l = 1 A. 6.6261037 Kg sec B. 1.097 105 cm1
03. GKwU †g․‡ji cigvYyi ewnt¯Í‡ii `ywU AiweUv‡ji B‡jKUªb web¨vm n‡jv ... C. 3  10 8 m D. 6.2  10 23
3d10 4s1 n‡j ch©vq mviwY‡Z †g․jwUi Ae¯vb †KvbwU n‡e? Ans B Why wiWevM© aªæeK n‡jv 1.097  105 cm1 ev 109678 cm1|
A. 4_© ch©vq Gr-IB(11) B. 4_© ch©vq Gr-IA(1) 02. ‡Kvb mgxKiYwU mwVK bq?
C. 4_© ch©vq Gr-3B(3) D. 3q ch©vq Gr-IB(11) 1 c
A.   B.   C. E  h D. E  
Ans A Why d eø‡K †g․‡ji MÖæc msL¨v  
= d Gi e msL¨v + s Gi e msL¨v = 10 + 1 = 11 c
Ans D Why E   ev E = h ZvB E   n‡Z cv‡i bv|
ch©vq 4 MÖæc-IB(11) 
04. we`y¨r Pz¤^Kxq wewKi‡Yi me©vwaK Zi½‣`N©¨ cwimi wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z? 03. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb eY©vjx n‡”Q Ñ
A. UV-iwk¥ B. X-ray C. Ae‡jvwnZ iwk¥ D. †Uwjwfkb Zi½ A. wewKiY eYv©jx B. †kvlY eY©vjx
Ans D Why Concept-07, Item-02 C. K¤úb eY©vjx D. wbDwK¬q †P․¤^K AbyiYb eYv©jx
05. wb‡Pi 4wU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gv‡bi †Kvb †mUwU GKwU d-B‡jKUª‡bi Rb¨ mwVK? Ans A Why H eY©vjw‡Z e memgq D”P ¯Íi n‡Z Av‡m d‡j kw³
A. 4, 3, 2, +
1
B. 4, 2, 1, 0 wewKwiZ nq GRb¨ G‡K wewKiY eY©vjx e‡j|
2 04. gw¯Í‡®‥i wUDgvi wbY©‡q mev©waK eëüZ nq †Kvb c×wZ?
1 1 A. IR B. UV C. MRI D. NIR
C. 4, 3, 2, + D. 4, 2, 1, 
2 2 Ans C Why DOT c×wZ eënvi K‡i cortex Gi Kvh© c×wZ wbY©q
Ans D Why d Gi Rb¨ l = 2 Ges ïay 1wU e Gi K_v D‡jøL _vK‡j s Kiv nq, hv IR GKwU eënvi|
1
=  n‡e| 05. cigvYyi †Kvb a‡g©i Dci wfwË K‡i NMR •Zwi nq?
2
A. ‣e`y¨wZK ag© B. ‡P․¤^K ag© C. ivmvqwbK ag© D. †ZRw¯…q ag©
06. wb‡Pi 4wU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gv‡bi †Kvb †mUwU Aev¯Íe? [P.†ev. 17]
Ans B Why MRI Gi c~Y©iƒc Magnetic Resonance Imaging| Avi
1 1
A. 3, 2, 2, + B. 4, 0, 0, + NMR Gi cÖ‡qvM MRI| myZivs NMR †P․¤^K a‡g©i wfwË‡Z •Zix|
2 2
1 1 06. Rvj †bvU kbv³Ki‡Y †Kvb c×wZ eëüZ nq? [Xv./P.‡ev. 2017]
C. 3, 2, 3, + D. 5, 3, 0,  Ans C A. DOT B. UV C. MRI D. NMR
2 2
Ans B Why Rvj UvKv ev Rvj cvm‡cvU© kbv³Ki‡Y UV iwk¥ eënvi
07. GKwU cigvYyi ewn:¯ `yBwU AiweUv‡ji B‡jKUªb web¨vm 3d10 4s1 n‡j,
Kiv nq|
chv©q mviwY‡Z †g․jwUi Ae¯vb n‡eÑ
07. ‡Kvb †h․‡Mi Kvh©Kixg~jK kbv³Ki‡Yi mnR c×wZ †KvbwU?
A. 4_© ch©vq Gr – IB B. 4_© chv©q Gr – IA
A. UV B. IR C. MS D. MRI
C. 4_© chv©q Gr – IIIA D. 3q chv©q Gr – IB
Ans B Why Middle IR Øviv Kvh©Kix g~jK kbv³ Kiv nq|
Ans A Wh y cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi m‡ev©”P gvb 4 ZvB 4_© chv©q Ges
1
d AiweUvj c~Y© nIqvq s nj IB| 08. NH 4  Avqb kbv³Ki‡Y eëüZ nq †Kvb weKviK?
A. ‡bmjvi `ªeY B. wbbnvBwWªb `ªeY
 mwÄZ Kzgvi ¸n 
C. NaOH `ªeY D. KMnO4 `ªeY
01. †h‡Kvb Dckw³ ¯Í‡ii m‡ev©”P B‡jKUªb aviYÿgZvÑ
Ans A Wh 2K2[HgI4] + 2NH3  NH2Hg2I3 + NH4I + 4KI
y
A. 2n2 B. (2l + 1) C. 2(l + 1) D. 2(2l + 1)
†bmjvi `ªeY ev`vgx Aat‡ÿc
Ans D Why Dckw³ ¯Í‡ii B‡jKUªb avib ÿgZv 2(2l + 1)|
09. Aa:‡ÿ‡ci Rb¨ kZ© †KvbwU?
02. ‡Kvb B‡jKUªb web¨vmwU mwVK?
A. Fe2+ = 1s22s22p63s23p63d44s2 B. Fe2+ = 1s22s22p63s23p63d44s1 A. Ki > Ks B . Ks > K i C. Ks = Ki D. ‡KvbwUB bq
C. Cu2+ = 1s22s22p63s23p63d9 D. Zn2+ = 1s22s22p63s23p63d84s2 Ans A Why Ki < Ks  Am¤ú„³ `ªeY Ki = Ks  m¤ú„³ `ªeY
Ans C Why Cu (27)  1s 2s 2p63s23p63d94s0
2+ 2 2 Ki > Ks  Aa:‡ÿc nq
 gwbgyj  AvwbKv  BDmyd   gwni  jwZd  gbRyiæj  wUUb 
01. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi wewKiY eY©vwj cÖKvkK mvaviY mgxKiY n‡jvÑ 01. (n+l) Gi wbqgvbyhvqx cUvwmqv‡gi †kl B‡jKUªbwU cÖ‡ek Ki‡e Ñ
11  1 1  A. 3d AiweUv‡j B. 3s AiweUv‡j C. 4d AiweUv‡j D. 4s AiweUv‡j
 1.097 10 7  2  2 m 1 Ans D Why K(19)  1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s |
2 2 6 2 6 0 1
  
 n1 n 2 
02. û‡Ûi bxwZ Abymv‡i N(7) Gi B‡jKUªb web¨vm n‡e Ñ
evgvi wmwi‡R n1 Gi gvb KZ?
A. 1s22s22p3 B. 1s22s32p3 C. 1s32s32p1 D. 1s12s22p4
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Ans B Why evgvi wmwiR memgq 2bs kw³ ¯Íi‡K cÖKvk K‡i| Ans A Why N(7)  ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿ ↿ ↿
02. cvigvYweK MVb KvVv‡gv Abymv‡i, GKwU cigvYyi †Kvb GKwU AiweUv‡ji 1s 2s 2p
m‡ev©”P B‡jKUªb aviY ÿgZv Ñ 03. Si Gi †ÿ‡Î Î‡qv`k B‡jKUª‡bi Rb¨ MÖnY‡hvM¨ †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi †mU Ñ
A. wecixZ w¯úbhy³ `ywU B. 32wU A. n  3, l  1, m  1, s  
1
B. n  3, l  1, m  0, s  -
1
2
C. 2n (GLv‡b n = cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v) D. `yywU 2 2

Ans C Why AiweUv‡ji m‡e©v”P e avibÿgZv 2(2l + 1) Ges 1
C. n  3, l  0, m  0, s  - D.A+B
Aiwe‡Ui m‡e©v”P e avibÿgZv 2n2| 2
03. wb‡Pi †ccvi †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd bgybv wgkÖY †KvbwU? Ans A Why Si(16)  1s22s22p63s23p4 Î‡qv`k e wU 3p AiweUv‡j
A. Ae¯vb K‡i Zvn‡j 12wU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi †mU n‡e-
B. n = 3, l = 1, m = 1, s = +
1
2
C.
04. GKwU cÖkg cigvYy‡Z 8 wU ‡cÖvUb Av‡Q Ges Zvi cvigvYweK fi 16|
D. cigvYywUi cvigvYweK msL¨v KZ?
Ans D Why †ccvi †µv‡gv‡UvMÖvwd‡Z bgybv wgkÖY Gi Kg wb‡P _v‡K, A. 16 B. 8 C. 9 D. 10
hv KvMR Pz‡l Dc‡i I‡V| Ans B Why cÖkg cigvYyi †cÖvUb I B‡jKUªb msL¨v mgvb|
04. wkLv cixÿvq wb‡Pi †Kvb Avq‡bi eY© †cvov B‡Ui gZ jvj? [iv.‡ev. 2016]
A. Na+ B. K+ C. Cu++ D. Ca++  we`y¨r  Zvcm 
Ans D Why Ca B‡Ui g‡Zv jvj eY© m„wó K‡i:
2+
01. wb‡Pi †Kvb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vwU AiweUv‡ji AvKvi m¤^‡Ü aviYv †`q?
Na+ †mvbvjx njy` A. cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v B. mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v
K+ bxj C. †P․¤^Kxq †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v D. w¯úb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v
Cu++ meyR Ans A Wh y cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v AiweUv‡ji AvKvi I mnKvix
 myfvl  gnxeyi  weg‡j›`y  Av‡bvqvi  †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v AiweUv‡ji AvK…wZ m¤ú‡K© aviYv †`q|
02. He Gi 2wU B‡jKUª‡bi w¯úb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb h_vµ‡g
01. mvj‡dU Avq‡bi kbv³Ki‡Yi Rb¨ †Kvb weKviKwU eëüZ nq? 1 1
A. wmjfvi bvB‡UªU B. †ewiqvg bvB‡UªU  ,  GwU †Kvb bxwZ AbymiY K‡i?
2 2
C. A¨v‡gvwbqvg A·v‡jU D. jNy nvB‡Wªv‡K¬vwiK GwmW A. †ev‡ii cigvYy bxwZ B. AvDdevD bxwZ
Ans B Why SO42+Ba(NO3)2  BaCl2 + CO2 + H2SO4CO2 C. û‡Ûi bxwZ D. cwji eR©b bxwZ
†`‡L SO42 g~jK kbv³ Kiv nq| Ans D Why cwji eR©b bxwZ Abymv‡i 4wU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi gvb
02. AiweUvj¸‡jvi kw³i mwVK µg †KvbwU? KL‡bv GKB n‡Z cv‡i bv, †m wn‡m‡e He Gi 2wU e GKB AiweUv‡j
A. 3s < 3d < 4p B. 3d < 4s < 4p _vKv ¯^‡Ë¡I spin Quantum Number Avjv`v nq|
C. 4p < 4s < 3d D. 4f < 5p < 5d
 Rqbvj  Iqvwn`y¾vgvb  gvbœvb 
Ans A Why (n + l) m~Î cÖ‡qvM K‡i 3s = 3, 3d = 5, 4p = 5
Zvn‡j µg mvRv‡j 3s < 3d < 4p| 01. GKwU AiweUv‡ji †P․¤^Kxq †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v Øviv wK cÖKvwkZ nq?
03. K Gi 19Zg B‡jKUªbwU †Kvb AiweUv‡j cÖ‡ek K‡i? A. AiweUv‡ji kw³¯Íi B. AiweUv‡ji AvK…wZ
A. 3p B. 3d C. 4s D. 5s C. AiweUv‡ji ¯vwbK Awfweb¨vm D. AiweUv‡ji B‡jKUªb w¯úb
Ans C Why K(19)  1s22s22p63s23p63d04s1 19Zg e 4s1 G hvq Ans C Why n AiweUv‡ji AvKvi
04. K Gi 19Zg B‡jKUªbwUi web¨v‡m †Kvb bxwZ AbymiY K‡i? l AiweUv‡ji AvK…wZ
(i) û‡Ûi bxwZ (ii) AvDdevD bxwZ (iii) (n+l) wbqg m AiweUv‡ji ¯vwbK Awfweb¨vm
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
s AiweUv‡ji e w¯úb
A. û‡Ûi bxwZ B. AvDdevD bxwZ C. (n+l) wbqg D. B+C
02. g¨vM‡bwUK †i‡Rvb¨vÝ B‡gR (MRI) c×wZ‡Z †h eYv©wjwgwZi gyjbxwZ
Ans C Why (n + l) Abymv‡i kw³¯Í‡i e ¸‡jv cÖ‡ek Ki‡e|
05. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb eY©vwj‡Z cÖvß †iLv¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? eëüZ nq-
A. D”P Zi½ •`‡N¨©i w`‡K †iLv¸‡jv ci¯úi wg‡k hvq A . UV–VIS c×wZ B. Ae‡jvwnZ (IR) c×wZ
B. wb¤œ Zi½ •`‡N©ï w`‡K ‡iLv¸‡jv wg‡k hvq C. B‡jKUªb w¯úb †i‡Rvb¨vÝ (ESR) D. wbDwK¬qvi g¨vM‡bwUK †i‡Rvb¨vÝ (NMR)
C. D”P Zi½ •`‡N¨©i w`‡K †e¸wb eY© cvIqv hvq Ans D Why kw³kvjx †P․¤^‡ÿÎ I †iwWI Zi½‣`‡N©ï kw³i cÖfv‡e
D. wb¤œ Zi½ •`‡N©ï w`‡K jvj eY© cvIqv hvq gvbe‡`‡ni Amy¯ †Kv‡l NMR cigvYy cvwbi NbgvÎvi wfbœZvi Ici wbf©i
Ans B Why eY©vjx‡Z cÖvß wb¤œ Zi‡½i •`‡N©ï w`‡K †iLv¸‡jv wg‡k hvq| K‡i †`‡ni Af¨šÍ‡ii 3D wPÎ •Zwii cÖwµqv n‡jv MRI|
03. wb¤œZi kw³¯Íi †_‡K B‡jKUª‡bi D”Pkw³¯Í‡i DcbxZ nIqvi cÖv°v‡jÑ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
A. kw³ †kvwlZ nq B. kw³ wbM©Z nq A. i I ii B. i I iii C. ii I iii D. i, ii I iii

Ans B Why Ksp (PbCrO4) = [Pb ] [CrO4 ]
2+ 2
C. wbiwew”Qbœ eY©vwji m„wó nq D. cigvYy AvqwbZ nq
 2+ –
Ans A Why wb¤œ †_‡K D”P kw³ ¯Í‡i DcbxZ n‡j e kw³ †kvlY K‡i 05. [Ca ] I [F ] Gi ¸Ydj Zvi `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj‡K AwZµg Ki‡j Kx n‡e?
 A. `ªeYxq B. AvswkK `ªeYxq
Ges D”P †_‡K wb¤œ‡Z DcbxZ n‡j e kw³ wewKiY K‡i|
04. B‡jKUªb hLb D”PZi kw³¯Íi †_‡K wb¤œZi kw³¯Í‡i AebwgZ nq ZLb Ñ C . Aat‡ÿc D. AvswkK A`ªeYxq
A. •ewkó¨g~jK †iLv eYv©wj‡iLvi D™¢e N‡U Ans C Why Ksp > Kip Aatwÿß n‡e bv
B. cigvYy †_‡K Zv‡ci D`&MxiY N‡U Ksp < Kip Aatwÿß n‡e
C. B‡jKUªb, wbDUªb KZ…©K AvKwl©Z nq Ksp = Kip m¤ú„³ `ªeY
D. †kvlY eY©vwj †iLvi m„wó nq

Ans A Why D”P n‡Z wb¤œkw³ ¯Í‡i e DcbxZ n‡j kw³ wewKiZ nq  BKevj  nviæb  Iqvwn`y¾vgvb  AvwZKzi 
hv eY©vjx †iLv m„wó K‡i| 01. cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v n Gi gvb 3 n‡j †Kvb kw³¯Íi cvIqv hvq?
A. K ‡kj B. L ‡kj C. M ‡kj D. N ‡kj
 wjsKb  Kwei  byiæj 
Ans C Why cÖavb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v‡K n = K, L, M, N, O, P ........‡Z
01. K¨vjwmqv‡gi me©ewnt¯¯Í‡ii B‡jKUªbØ‡qi †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi †mU †KvbwU? cÖKvk Kiv nq| †hLv‡b n = 1, 2, 3, 4 ........|
[Xv.‡ev- 2017-18] 02. l Gi me©wb¤œ gvb KZ?
1 1 A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
A. n = 4, l = 0, m = 0, s = + , Ans A Wh y cÖa vb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v‡K n = K, L, M, N, O, P ........‡Z
2 2
cÖKvk Kiv nq| †hLv‡b n = 1, 2, 3, 4 ........| wKš‧ l = 0, 1, 2,
1 1
B. n = 3, l = 1, m = 1, s = + , 3,...........
2 2 03. Be(OH)2 cvwb‡Z `ªexf~Z nq bv| KviY Ñ
1 1 A. nvB‡Wªkb Zvc  j¨vwUm Zvc B. `ªeY Zvc  nvB‡Wªkb Zvc
C. n = 4, l = 1, m = 0, s = + ,
2 2 C. `ªeY Zvc  j¨vwUm Zvc D.B+C Ans D
1 1 04. PbCl2 Gi Aat‡ÿc covi KviY Kx?
D. n = 4, l = 2, m = 1, s = + , A. Kgb Avqb cÖfve B. †Kjvm KvVv‡gv `ye©j
2 2
2 2 6 2 6 2 C . mg‡hvRx †h․M D. Pb GKwU avZz
Ans A Why Ca(20) 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s me©ewn¯Í‡ii B‡jKUªb
Ans A Why ‡Kvb g„`y Zworwe‡kø‡lï `ªe‡Y Zvi †h‡Kvb GKwU Avqbwewkó
Øq s Dckw³‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i| Avgiv Rvwb, s Dckw³‡ii Rb¨ l Gi gvb 0
jeY Dcw¯Z _vK‡j g„`y Zwor we‡kø‡lï we‡qvRb gvÎv n«vm cvq|
Ges l = 0 n‡j m =  l = 0
02. wb‡Pi †Kvb B‡jKUªb web¨vmwU mwVK?  Rqbyj  †Zvdv‡qj  †iqvRyj  AvdRvj 
1s 2s  2p 1s 2s  2p
A. B.
01. MRI cÖhyw³ eënvi K‡i ÑÑ Kiv hvq|
A. †ivM wbY©q B. Rvj UvKv kbv³ C. Rvj cvm‡cvU© D. ‡ivM Dckg
C. D.
Ans A Why MRI cÖhyw³‡Z NMR c×wZ eënvi K‡i †ivM wbY©q Kiv nq|
 . 3q kw³¯Í‡ii AiweUvjmg~n n‡jv Ñ
Ans C Wh y û‡Ûi bxwZ Aby m v‡i e ¸‡jv cÖ_ ‡g Ahy M ¥fv‡e cÖ
‡ ek 02
Ki‡e, cieZ©x‡Z hyM¥fv‡e| (i) 3s (ii) 3p, 3d (iii) 3d, 3f
03. n = 3 Gi Rb¨ Ñ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK
(i) 3f AiweUvj m¤¢e (ii) l=2 n‡j, m = –2, –1, 0, +1, +2 A. i B. ii C. iI ii D. i, ii I iii
(iii) l = 0, 1, 2 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Ans C Wh y n = 3 Gi Rb¨ l = 0,1,2 n‡j, 3s, 3p, 3d AiweUvj m„wó m¤¢e|
A. i I ii B. i I iii 03 . Avmj †bv‡U eënvi Kiv nq Ñ
C. ii I iii D. i, ii I iii (i) UV iwk¥ mwµq Kvwj (ii) wbivcËv myZv
Ans C Why n = 3 Ges l = 0, 1,2; ZvB 3s, 3p, 3d n‡j 3f n‡e bv, ( iii ) IR mwµq Kvwj wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK
KviY f Gi Rb¨ l = 3 n‡Z nq| A . i B . ii C. iI ii D. i, ii I iii
 wb‡Pi mgxKiY¸‡jv jÿ¨ Ki Ges 04 I 05 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vIt y
Ans C Wh uv iwk¥ mwµq Kvwj †K dm‡dvi Kvwj e‡j|
1. CaF2 ⇌ Ca2+ + 2F–  ¯^cb Kzgvi wg¯¿x 

2. PbCrO4 ⇌ Pb + 2+
CrO42– 01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mev©waK w¯wZkxj? 3P 3d
3P 3d
04. cÖ`Ë †h․M¸‡jvi †ÿ‡Î Ñ A.     . . . . . B.      . .
(i)KK 
P CaF22)  Ca
S.SP(CaF  
2
 F
2
3P 3P
.
3d
  Pb  CrO 
2  4 C.     . . . . D.      . . . .
K SK
(ii) PbCrO4 4)
.P.SP(PbCrO 4
3d
(iii) wbw`©ó¨ ZvcgvÎvq `ªve¨Zv ¸Yd‡ji gvb wbw`©ó Ans A Why B‡j±ª b mg~ n cÖ_‡g wb¤œ kw³ ¯Íi c~iY Ki‡e Zvici D”P kw³ ¯Íi|
02. wb‡Pi †Kvb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi †mUwU m¤¢e bq? ‡g․j fi msL¨v cvigvYweK msL¨v
1 1 X 30 14
A. 3 2 –2 + B. 4 0 0  Y 31 15
2 2
Z 32 16
1 1
C. 3 2  3  D. 5 3 0  Dc‡ii †Uwej †_‡K 4 I 5 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vIt
2 2 04. X, Y, Z n‡jvÑ
1
Ans C Why n = 3, l = 0,1,2, m = 2, s =  n = 3 n‡j m = 3 A. Si, Cl, P B. Si, S, P C. Si, Al, P D. Si, P, S
2 30 31 32
Ans D Why 14Si, 15P, 16S
nIqv m¤¢e bv|
05. c`v_©mg~‡ni cÖK…wZ n‡jv Ñ
03. ‡evi cigvYy g‡Wj cigvYyi †iLv eY©vwj e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cv‡i bv, hviv enb K‡iÑ
(i) XO2 KwVb (ii) Y KwVb (iii) Z KwVb
(i) GKwU B‡jKUªb (ii) `ywU B‡jKUªb (iii) AwaK B‡jKUªb
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
A. i B. ii C. iii D. i, ii I iii
A. i I ii B. ii I iii
Ans D Why † `kv MP
C. iii D. i, ii I iii

XO 2 SiO2 KwVb 1610
Ans B Why †evi cigvYy g‡Wj G‡Ki AwaK e Gi †iLv eY©vjx web¨vm Y P KwVb 44.15C
Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Z S KwVb 115.2C
VVI DATA AT A GLANCE  HSC PART  †miv K‡jR cÖkœ

 GKB Dckw³ ¯Í‡ii †hme AiweUv‡ji kw³ Awfbœ Zv‡ì‡K ejv (ii) †Kvgj wUmyï BbRywi wPwKrmvq
[SBLC]
nq wW‡Rbv‡iU| (iii) cÖmvabx wk‡í eëüZ nq
 cvwb‡Z A`ªeYxq wKš‧ ÷xg I D×vqx •Re †h․M ev®ú cvZb  `ªve¨Zv ¸Yd‡ji †ÿ‡Î
[NDC]
cÖwµqvq we‡kvab Kiv nq| (i) ¯^í `ªve¨ Zwor we‡køl¨ c`v_© [MPS]
 Mv‡Qi cvZv I evKj n‡Z A¨vj‡Kvnj RvZxq Jla wb®‥vlY Kiv (ii) `ªve¨Zvi ¸Ydj mgAvqZ‡bi cÖfv‡e cwiewZ©Z nq bv
[DRMC]
nq `ªveK wb®‥vkb c×wZ‡Z|  ‣Re †h․‡Mi c„_KxKiY I we‡kvab c×wZ †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd| [SK]
 i³Pvc cÖkg‡b Ae‡jvwnZ iwk¥ eëüZ nq| [CPS]  K¨vbvj iwk¥ n‡”Q t
 Z¡‡Ki ÿZ wbivg‡q †jRvi c×w‡Z IR radiation iwk¥ eëüZ nq| [SJC] (i) abvZ¥K Avavb hy³ KYv [SK]
 ‡Mvjv‡ci cvcwo †_‡K †MvjvcRj •Zixi cÖwµqv n‡jv (ii) FYvZ¥K Avavb hy³ KYv Øviv AvKwl©Z nq
[NGC]
ev®úcvZb|  Awa‡kvl‡Yi gvÎv Ges mPj `kvq `ªve¨Zv nv‡ii wewfbœZv _vK‡j
 MRI c×wZ cÖwZwôZ wbDwK¬qvi †P․¤^Kxq AbyiYb Gi Dci| [JGGC] †Kvb wgkÖ‡Yi Dcv`vb¸‡jv‡K †µvgv‡UvMÖvwd c×wZ‡Z ci¯úi [SK]
 kix‡ii †fZi wUDgvi RvZxq †Kv‡bv wKQzi Dcw¯wZ kbv³ Kiv †_‡K c„_K Kiv hvq|
[ARC]
nq IR †_ivwci gva¨‡g|  nvB‡Wªv‡Rb eY©vwj n‡”Q wewKiY eY©vwj| [SK]
 MRI Gi H wbDwK¬qvmwU mPivPi eëüZ nq| [CPS]
 AwaK ¯vwq‡Z¡i Rb¨ s AiweUvj n‡Z B‡jKUªb ¯vbvšÍwiZ nq| [AS]
 Ae‡jvwnZ iwk¥ O2 Gi cwigvY evovq| [IPS]
 weÁvbx _gmb e‡jb cÖ‡Z¨K cigvYy‡Z FYvZ¥K PvR© wewkó KwYKv
 CaCl2 cvwb MÖvmx| [MJSC]
we`¨gvb|
[BK]
nh
 ‡K․wYK fi‡eM welqK gZev` n‡Z cvIqv hvq mvr  [CULC]  †gmb 2 cÖKvi| h_v:  †gmb I  †gmb|
2
 wRsK mvjdvBW e¯‧‡Z cÖwZcÖfv m„wó K‡i : - iwk¥|
 iv`vi‡dvW© ¯^Y©cvZ cixÿvi Rb¨ 0.0004cm cyiæ‡Z¡i ¯^Y©cvZ
eënvi K‡i‡Qb|
[SSC]  ‡ZRw¯…q AvB‡mv‡Uvc kbv³KiY Kiv hvq  MvBMvi-gyjvi KvD›Uvi w`‡q|
 ‡µv‡gv‡UvMÖvwd‡Z 2wU `kv _v‡K| [GCP]  A‡ZRw¯…q AvB‡mv‡Uvc kbv³KiY Kiv hvq  fi †¯úK‡UªvwgUvi w`‡q|
 ‡µv‡gv‡UvMÖvwd c×wZ D™¢veb K‡ib †mv‡qU| [GCP]  C-14 Gi Aa©vqyKvj 5568 eQi|
 jvj Av‡jvi Zi½ •`N¨© 780nm [GCP]   KYvi MwZ‡eM †m‡K‡Û GK nvRvi n‡Z †ò jÿ gvBj ch©šÍ n‡Z cv‡i|
 92 U †_‡K  KYv wewKwiZ n‡j Drcbœ nq 90 Th [CMH]  ‡ZRw¯…q dmdivm dm‡dU wn‡m‡e †k¦Z KwYKv AZ¨waK e„w× NwUZ
 CO †h․‡Mi m‡ev©”P Absorbance Gi Zi½ msL¨v 2143cm–1 [BGGC] i³víZv wPwKrmvq eëüZ nq|
3h HOT NEWS GALLERY
 ‡evi gZev` Abyhvqx 3q Aiwe‡Ui †K․wYK fi‡e‡M mvr  [PGGC]
2  B‡jKUªb cvIqvi m¤¢vebv k~b¨ n‡Z cv‡i wKš‧ FYvZ¥K n‡Z cv‡i bv|
 ‡µvgv‡UvMÖvdx n‡jv-  mgviwdì Dce„ËvKvi Kÿc‡_i aviYv †`b|
[PGC]
(i) eY© wPÎb c×wZ  AiweUvj k‡ãi Drm n‡”Q †Kvqv›Uvg ej we`¨v|
MCQ  CONCEPT TEST  WRITTEN
01. Ca2+ kbv³Ki‡Y †KvbwU eëüZ nq? 13.
A
X  42 He 15
30
P 10 n , wbDwK¬qvi wewµqvwUi Rb¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
Z
A. K2H2Sb2O7 B. (NH4)2C2O4 C. AgNO3 D.K2H4Sb3O7
02. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi eY©vjx wb‡`©‡ki †ÿ‡Î wb‡¤œi †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vmg~‡ni A. A = 27 ; Z = 13 B. A = 28 ; Z =12
†Kvb †mUwU mwVK b‡n? C. A = 28 ; Z = 13 D. A = 17 ; Z = 12
A. jvBg¨vb wmwiR t n1 = 1; n2 = 2, 3, 4, ... 14. jNy •Zj †_‡K †ebwRb †h cÖwµqv AwaK Kvh©Ki-
B. evgvi wmwiR t n1 = 2; n2 = 3, 4, 5, ... A. Distillation B. Steam distillation
C. c¨v‡ðb wmwiR t n1 = 2; n2 = 3, 4, 5, ... C. Sublimation D. Fractional distillation
D. eª¨v‡KU wmwiR t n1 = 4; n2 = 5, 6, 7, ... 15. wb‡gœ i wPÎ¸wji g‡a¨ †KvbwU mwVK?
03. hLb A¨vwRgy_vj †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v = 3, ZLb N~Y©b msL¨vwa‡Kï me©vwaK I A.    B.   
me©wbgœ gvb nj h_vµ‡g  A.    D.   
A. 4, 3 B. 8, 1 C. 1, 3 D. 8, 2
04. NH4+ Avq‡b KZwU wbDUªb Av‡Q?  OMR SHEET 
A. 10 B. 7 C. 11 D. 9
05. wb‡Pi †KvbwU ev †Kvb¸wj‡Z †evi ZË¡ cÖ‡hvR¨ nq bv? 01. A B C D 06. A B C D 11. A B C D
A. He B. Li 2+ 3
C. 1 H D. Be 3+ 02. A B C D 07. A B C D 12. A B C D
03. A B C D 08. A B C D 13. A B C D
06. µgea©gvb kw³ Abyhvqx wewfbœ AiweUv‡ji web¨vm nj
A. 3s, 3p, 3d, 4s, 4p B. 3s, 3p, 4s, 4p, 3d 04. A B C D 09. A B C D 14. A B C D
C. 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p D. 3s, 3p, 3d, 4p, 4s 05. A B C D 10. A B C D 15. A B C D
07. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi cÖ_g †evi K‡¶i e¨vmva© = r n‡j, Z…Zxq †evi K‡¶i
cÖkœ-16: PZz_© kw³¯Í‡i m‡e©v”P KqwU B‡j±ªb _v‡K Ges †Kb?
e¨vmva© n‡e DËi:...........................................................................................
A. 3r B. 9r C. 27r D. G¸wji †KvbwUB bq cÖkœ-17: wkLv cixÿvq Be I Mg eY© m„wó K‡i bv †Kb?
08. mnKvix †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v l = 1 Ges 2 Gi Rb¨ Cr(z =24) Gi B‡jKUªb DËi:............................................................................................
msL¨v h_vµ‡g cÖkœ-18: ‡divm jeY †dwiK je‡Yi Zzjbvq Kg ¯vqx †Kb?
A. 12 and 4 B. 12 and 5 C. 16 and 5 D. 16 and 4 DËi:............................................................................................
09. †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi (n, l, m Ges s) 4wU †m‡Ui gvb wb‡gœ †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| G‡ì cÖkœ-19: `ªve¨Zvi Dci Pv‡ci cÖfve Kx iƒc?
g‡a¨ †KvbwU Zi½ mgxKi‡Yi †g‡b †bIqvi †hvM¨ mgvavb mieivn K‡i bv? DËi:..............................................................................................
1 1 1 1 cÖkœ-20: wRg¨vb cÖfve Ges ÷vK© cÖfve †Kvb g‡W‡ji mxgve×Zv Ges †Kb?
A. 3, 2, 2, B. 3, 3, 1,  C. 3, 2, 1, D. 3, 1, 1,  DËi:..............................................................................................
2 2 2 2
1 cÖkœ-21: Rvj cvm‡cvU© ev UvKv kbv³Ki‡Y †Kb UV iwk¥ eëüZ nq?
10. w¯úb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v S = + wewkó m‡e©v”P KZ¸‡jv 3d e n‡Z cv‡i? DËi:..............................................................................................
2 cÖkœ-22: Rb(37) Gi 37 Zg B‡j±ªb 4d AiweUv‡j bv wM‡q 5s AiweUv‡j Mgb
A. 10 B. 5 C. 2 D. 1 K‡i AvDdevD bxwZ Abyhvqx †Kb?
11. Al2S3 ⇌ 2Al3+ + 3S2–| G‡ÿ‡Î `ªve¨Zv ¸Yd‡ji mgxKiY †KvbwU? DËi:.............................................................................................
A. Ksp = [Al3+] [S2–] B. Ksp = [2Al3+] [3s2–] cÖkœ-23: ZvcgvÎv e„w×i d‡j `ªve¨Zvi Kx cwieZ©b nq?
C. Ksp = [Al3+]2 [2s2–] D. Ksp = [Al3+]2 [S2–]3 DËi:.............................................................................................
12. wb‡Pi web¨vm¸wji g‡a¨ 4d-B‡jKUª‡bi 4wU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi web¨vm †KvbwU? cÖkœ-24: H, H+, He+, Li2+ ‡KvbwUi †ÿ‡Î †evi ZË¡ cÖ‡hvR¨?
1 DËi:.............................................................................................
A. 4, 3, 2,  B. 4, 2, 1, 0 cÖkœ-25: GKwU K‡ÿ AveZ©bkxj GKwU B‡jKUª‡bi †K․wYK fi‡eM
2
l (l  1) . Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq| s-B‡jKUª‡bi Rb¨ GB fi‡eM n‡Z cv‡i-
h
1 1
C. 4,3,2, D. 4, 2,  1, 2
2 2 DËi:............................................................................................
MCQ  ANSWER ANALYSIS  WRITTEN

cÖkœ bs DËi e¨vL¨v
01 B Ca2++(NH4)2C2O4  CaC2O4 + NH4+
02 C c¨v‡ðb wmwiR t n1 =3 ; n2 = 4, 5, 6, 7 - - - - - -
l = 3 n‡j PviwU AiweUvj nj t s, p, d I f ; f DcK‡ÿi Rb¨ me©vwaK msL¨vwaK¨ (7wU B‡jKUªb)
03 D 7 1
= 2s + 1 = 2   1  8 Avevi, f DcK‡ÿi Rb¨ me©wb¤œ msL¨vwaK¨ (1wU B‡jKUªb) = 2s + 1 = 2   1  2
2 2
+ 14 +
04 B NH4 Avq‡b bvB‡Uªv‡R‡bi mwVK ms‡KZ N myZivs wbDUªb msL¨v = 14 – 7 = 7 [GLv‡b H G †Kvb wbDUªb bvB|]
7
05 A He wbw®…q †g․j nIqv‡Z †eviZË¡ cÖ‡hvR¨ nq bv|
06 C µgea©gvb kw³ Abyhvqx wewfbœ AiweUvj web¨vm nj -3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p
07 B rn = r1  n2, †h‡nZz hLb n = 3 Ges r1 = r, ZLb r3 = r, 32 = 9r
2 2 6 2 6 1 5 ASPECT SERIES 
Cr(24) = 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d ; GLb l =1 =p and l =2 = d
08 B
 l = 1 Gi Rb¨ B‡jKUªb msL¨v 6 + 6 = 12 ; l = 2 Gi Rb¨ B‡jKUªb msL¨v = 5
09 B n = l †g‡b †bIqv hvq bv|
1
10 B w¯úb †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨v s = + n‡j 3d e– n‡Z cv‡i 5   1 , - 1   10 wU|
2  2 2
11 D `ªve¨Zv ¸Yd‡ji mgxKiY
1
12 D 4d B‡jKUª‡bi 4wU †Kvqv›Uvg msL¨vi web¨vm, n = 4, l =2, m = 2, s = 
2
13 A
27
13 X  42 He 15
30
P 10 n
Fractional distillation ev AvswkK cvZ‡bi eënvi- jNy •Zj †_‡K †ebwRb, cvB‡ivwjMwbqvm GwmW †_‡K B_vbj, †iKwUdvBW w¯úwiU
14 D
•Zwi Kiv nq|
15 D Hunde’s Rule
‡Kvb kw³¯Í‡i m‡e©v”P B‡j±ªb msL¨v 2n2 †hLv‡b n n‡”Q kw³¯Íi msL¨v| PZz_© kw³¯Í‡ii Rb¨ 2n2 = 2(4)2 = 32| ZvB PZy_© kw³¯Í‡i m‡e©v”P 32
16
wU B‡j±ªb _vK‡Z cv‡i|
g¨vM‡bwmqvg I †ewiwjqvg cigvYyi AvKvi LyeB †QvU, G‡ì †hvR¨Zv B‡j±ªb¸‡jv wbDwK¬qv‡mi mv‡_ k³fv‡e cÖvq mshy³ Ae¯vq _v‡K| Zv‡ì
17 AvqwbKiY kw³ Lye †ewk| d‡j †kl Kÿc‡_i B‡j±ªb DËß Ki‡Z Lye †ewk kw³i cÖ‡qvRb nq hv wkLv cixÿvi eyb‡mb evY©vi w`‡Z cv‡i bv| ZvB
wkLv cixÿvq Mg I Be eY© wb`k©b K‡i bv|
‡dwiK je‡Yi Aa©c~Y© 3d5 B‡j±ªb web¨vm i‡q‡Q hv †divm je‡Yi †bB| †h‡nZz Aa©c~Y© B‡j±ªb web¨v‡mi ¯vwqZ¡ †ewk ZvB †divm jeY †dwiK
18
je‡Yi Zzjbvq Kg ¯vqx|
KwVb I Zi‡ji `ªve¨Zvi Dci Pv‡ci cÖfve †bB ej‡jB P‡j| Zij `ªve‡K M¨vmxq `ªe `ªexf‚Z nIqvi †ÿ‡Î Pv‡ci cÖfve cwijwÿZ nq| weÁvbx
19
†nbixi m~Îvbymv‡i w¯i ZvcgvÎvq wbw`©ó AvqZ‡bi †Kvb Zij c`v‡_© †Kvb M¨v‡mi `ªve¨Zv Zvi Dci cÖhy³ Pv‡ci mgvbycvwZK|
wRg¨vb I ÷vK© cÖfve: †evi g‡Wj Abyhvqx GKwU eY©vjx †iLvi K_v ejv nq| wKš‧ Pz¤^K ‡¶‡Îi cÖfv‡e eY©vjx †iLv¸‡jv Av‡iv m~¶¥ †iLvq wef³ n‡q
20 c‡o| G‡K wRg¨vb cÖfve e‡j| GKBfv‡e Zwor †¶‡Îi cÖfv‡e Hiƒc N‡U; G‡K ÷vK© cÖfve e‡j| KviY Pz¤^K I Zwor‡¶Î Øviv cigvYyi †Kv‡bv
wbw`©ó kw³¯Í‡ii m‚¶¥ wefvRb N‡U|
UvKvi Dci †h Kvwji cÖ‡jc ‡Ìqv nq Zv‡Z Ggb UV †d¬v‡iv‡mÝ Dcv`vb _v‡K hv‡Z K‡i wbw`©ó wd«Kz‡qwÝi UV Av‡jv co‡jB †Kej GwU
21
Av‡jvK‡K cÖwZdwjZ K‡i| mvaviY Ae¯vq Lvwj ‡Pv‡L GwU †`Lv m¤¢e bq| ZvB UV iwk¥ Rvj UvKv kbv³Ki‡Y eëüZ nq|
22 4d AiweUv‡ji kw³ = 4+2 = 6;5s AiweUv‡ji kw³ = 5+0 = 5 ;‡h‡nZz 5s Gi kw³ 4d Gi †P‡q Kg, ZvB B‡j±ªb 5s AiweUv‡j Mgb K‡i|
mvaviY fv‡e `ªve‡Ki ZvcgvÎv e„w×i d‡j `ª‡ei `ªve¨Zv e„w× cvq| D”P ZvcgvÎvq `ªveK I `ªe AYyi MwZkw³ e„w× cvq d‡j AwaK `ªe `ªexf‚Z nq,
23
Z‡e Ca(NO3)2, Ca(OH)2, NaOH Gme `ª‡ei †ÿ‡Î ZvcgvÎv e„w×i d‡j `ªve¨Zvi n«vm N‡U|
H, He+,Li2+ Gi †ÿ‡Î †evi ZË¡ cÖ‡hvR¨| †Kbbv Avgiv Rvwb †evi ZË¡ ïaygvÎ GKwU B‡j±ªb wewkwó cigvYyi Rb¨ m¤ú~Y© fv‡e cÖ‡hvR¨ Avi H,
24
He+,Li2+ G‡ì cÖ‡Z¨KwU‡ZB GKwU K‡i B‡j±ªb we`¨gvb| H+ †evi ZË¡ gv‡b bv|
n
25 GKwU B‡jKUª‡bi Rb¨ n =1 n‡j l = 0 myZivs †K․wYK fi‡eM = 0(0  1)  0.20
2
cÖkœB hLb cÖkœ nq  †kl `„wó  KviY AbymÜvb cÖ‡qvRb bq
 He+ I Li2+ Avqbmg~‡ni eY©vjx †evi cigvYy g‡Wj Øviv e¨vL¨v Kiv hvq †Kb?  ‣Re †h․‡Mi c„_KxKiY ev weï×xKi‡Yi Rb¨ †h․Mmg~‡ni ùzUbv¼ Rvbv
 wKfv‡e Dcwkw³¯Íi¸‡jvi kw³i µg AvDdevD bxwZØviv wbav©wiZ nq? ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †Kb?
 e· c×wZ‡Z û‡Ûi wbqg Abyhvqx Aw·‡Rb I dmdiv‡mi B‡jKUªb web¨vm  c„_KxKi‡Yi c×wZ‡Z, †Kvb †Kvb c`v_© Zv‡ì ùzUbv‡¼i †P‡qI Kg
ZvcgvÎvq ev‡®ú cwiYZ nq?
cÖ‡hvR¨ †Kb?
 `ªveK wb®‥vk‡bi c×wZ‡Z †Kb ci¯úi A`ªeYxq `ªveK wgkªYØq‡K
 isaby‡K Zwor Pz¤^K eY©vjxi GKwU Ask wPšÍv Ki‡j Bbd«v‡iW I Avëªv
fv‡qv‡jU eY©vjxi Ae¯vb e¨wZµg ‡Kb? fv‡jvfv‡e SuvKv‡Z nq?
 ZworPz¤^Kxq eY©vjx •Zwi‡Z, cigvYyi †dvUb kw³ wbM©gb Gi c~‡e© †dvUb  ‡Kv‡bv cigvYyi wbDwK¬qv‡m wbDUª‡bi Aw¯ÍZ¡ Aek¨B ¯^xKvi Kiv cÖ‡qvRb †Kb?
kw³i †kvlY Acwinvh© †Kb?  cigvYy‡Z wbDwK¬qv‡mi evB‡i B‡jKUªb Ae¯vb K‡i †Kb?
 †evi Gi cigvYy g‡Wj Øviv ‡Kb nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYyi we‡kølY m¤¢e?  Rb(37) Gi 37 Zg B‡jKUªb 4d AiweUv‡j bv wM‡q 5s AiweUv‡j Mgb
 Rvj cvm‡cvU© ev UvKv kbv³Ki‡Y †Kb Avëªv fv‡qv‡jU (UV) iwk¥B K‡i AvDdevD bxwZ Abyhvqx †Kb?
eëüZ nq?  He I He+ Gi †iLv eY©vwj cvIqv †M‡jI He2+ Gi †ÿ‡Î †Kvbiƒc †iLv
 wPwKrmv‡ÿ‡Î †ivM wbY©q QvovI IR Gi eënvi evo‡Q †Kb? eY©vjx cvIqv hvq bv †Kb?
 H cigvYy‡Z B‡jKUªb Av‡Q gvÎ GKwU wKš‧ Gi eY©vwj‡Z A‡bK †iLv †`Lv
 †ivMvµvšÍ wUmyï cvwbi nvB‡Wªv‡R‡b ¯^vfvweK Zi‡ji nvB‡Wªv‡Rb Gi †P‡q
wfbœZi †kvlY wmMb¨v‡j Avwef~©Z nq †Kb? hvq †Kb?
 GKwU †cÖvUb KYv Ges GKwU H+ Avqb‡K Awfbœ aiv nq †Kb?
 CT ¯‥¨vb I Xray Gi Zzjbvq MRI ¯‥¨vb Gi myweav ‡ewk †Kb?
 wkLv cixÿvq Be I Mg †Kv‡bv eY© m„wó K‡i bv †Kb? wKQz Ø›Ø, g›` bq
 †divm jeY †dwiK je‡Yi Zzjbvq Kg ¯vqx †Kb?
 ZvcgvÎv e„w× Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ †Kb `ªve‡Ki `ªexf~Z Kivi ÿgZv e„w× cvq?
¯^cœ bq, Uv‡M©U wba©viY Ki, mvdj¨ Avm‡eB|

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66 ¸YMZ imvqb CHEMISTRY PLUS

BASIC TOUCH AT A GLANCE ¸iæZ¡c~Y© kã¸‡”Qi cwiwPwZ I cÖ‡qvM (TOPICS Gi ¸iæZ¡vbymv‡i)

 CONCEPT 01 cigvYyi †g․wjK KwYKv [EXQ. MAT, JU, RU, CU]

B‡jKUªb ‡cÖvUb wbDUªb Avjdv KwYKv wWD‡Uib KwYKv

¯’vqx †KvqvK© A¯’vqx †KvqvK©

Avc WvDb ÷ªs Pvg© eUg Uc

cvBIb wgDIb cwRUªb MÖvwfUb ‡gmb ‡evmb wbDwUª‡bv Gw›U wbDwUª‡bv

A. B‡jKUªb msL¨v (e); †cÖvUb msL¨v(p) I wbDUªb msL¨v (n) wbY©q

B. GKvwaK AYyi †¶‡Î wbDUªb msL¨v(n) wbY©q

C. †h․Mg~j‡Ki B‡jKUªb msL¨v I †hvRb B‡jKUªb msL¨v wbY©q

cÖkœ-1 : H+ †K †cÖvUb ejv nq †Kb?

 REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS 

A. 8 B. 7 C. 9 D. 17 A. Neutron B. Proton C. -Particles D. -Particles

iv`vi‡dvW© g‡W‡ji mxgve×Zv †evi g‡W‡ji mxgve×Zv

-t Z_¨ KwYKv: (HOT NEWS GALLERY) t-

cÖkœ-1 : †evi cigvYy g‡W‡ji wfwË wK?

 REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS 

 CONCEPT 03 ISO (AvB‡mv ) m¤úwK©Z Z_¨

†R‡b ivLv fv‡jv : fvix cvwb  wWD‡Uwiqvg A·vBW

Topics cÖkœ weMZ mvj Topics cÖkœ weMZ mvj

cÖkœ-1 : AvB‡mv‡Uv‡ci •ewkó¨ wjL|

 REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS 

cÖkœ-1 : ÔlÕ Øviv Kx wb‡`©wkZ nq?

 REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS 

A. 2  msL¨K B. (2  -1)msL¨K [RU-H3.2017-18]

BSMRSTU STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION

 CONCEPT 05 AiweU I AiweUvj m¤cwK©Z Z_¨vejx

myZivs 1s, 2p, 3d, 4f m¤¢e wKš‧ 1p, 2d, 3f Am¤¢e|

dZX [l = 2, m = +1] dx2–y2 [l = 2, m = +2] dZ2 [l = 2, m = 0]

E. AiweU I AiweUv‡ji g‡a¨ cv_©K¨t

 REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS 

mwVK DËi: C. 5wU wW‡Rbv‡iU A. 3wU B. 4wU C.5wU D. 6wU

 CONCEPT 06 B‡jKUªb web¨vm I K‡qKwU bxwZ

g¨vwRK wUªKm : *124# evsjvwjs‡K e¨v‡jÝ Check

Ti 22 4s2 3d2 2+2=4 IV

V 23 4s2 3d3 2+3=5 V

Cr 24 4s1  3d5 2+4=6 VI

Mn 25 4s2 3d5 2+5=7 VII

Fe 26 4s2 3d6 2+6=8 VIII

Co 27 4s2 3d7 2+7=9 VIII

Ni 28 4s2 3d8 2+8=10 VIII

Cu 29 4s1 3d10 2+9=11 I

Zn 30 4s2 3d10 2+10=12 II

wet `ªt  Øviv e¨wZµgagx© web¨vm †K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q

 REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS 

 AvYweK eY©vjx we‡kølY: ASPECT SERIES 

Kvj †m †Mv cvj Gi K b¨v bvB

evsjv‡`kx †bv‡U m„ó eY©: †envjv †e nv jv

 Item-08: wPwKrmvweÁv‡b IR iwk¥i e¨envi

 REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS 

A. dvÛ B. jvBg¨vb C. c¨v‡ðb D. evgvi A. conc. H2SO4 B. dil. H2SO4

myZivs `ªve¨Zv‡K Avgiv †h fv‡e msÁvwqZ Ki‡Z cvwi

 `ªve¨Zv I `ªve¨Zvi ¸Yd‡ji Zzjbvt ASPECT SERIES 

(K) ZvcgvÎvi Øviv Df‡qB GKBfv‡e cwiewZ©Z n‡q _v‡K|

cÖkœ-1 : `ªve¨Zvi Dci cÖfve we¯ÍviKvix wbqvgK mg~n wK wK?

cÖkœ-7 : `ªve¨Zv ¸Ydj Kx? [w`.‡ev. 2017]

 REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS 

CHART-02: je‡Yi Avw½K we‡køl‡Y e¨eüZ MÖæc weKviK-

cÖkœ-01: A + K4[Fe(CN)6]  jvj‡P ev`vgx Aat‡ÿc + 4K+ ;GLv‡b, A g~jKwU wK?

cÖkœ-03: + K4 [Fe(CN)6]  mv`v Aat‡ÿc + 4K ;  g~jKwU wK †g․j?

 REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS 

A`ªeYxq Ges A¨v‡gvwbqvg nvB‡Wªv·vBW `ªe‡Y AvswkK `ªeYxq| C. K2[Fe(CN)6] D. K3[Fe(CN)6]

RU mwVK DËi: E. Na2[Fe(CN)6(NO)]

MBSTU mwVK DËi: B. SO24