CHAPTER

11
Sets Relations and Functions

Exercise-1 (JEE Advanced Level-1)

Multiple correct type questions ( (
(a) f f f ( f ( 2017 ) ) ) ) = 2017.
1. The maximum value of the function defined by f (x) = min
(ex, 2 + e2 – x, 8) is α then integral value of x satisfying (b) f (x) = f –1 (x) has more than 3 real roots.
x ( x − [ α ]) (c) f (x) is a bijective function.
the inequality < 0 is
2
x − [α]x + 12 (d) f ( f ( f ( x) ) ) = ( f ( f ( f ( f ( x) ) ) ) ) ∀ x ≠ 5 1 2 .
Note: [k] denotes greatest integer function less than or
equal to k. 5. A function f : R → R is defined by
(a) 1 (b) 3 f (x + y) – kxy = f (x) + 2y2 x, y ∈ R
(c) 5 (d) 6 and f (1) = 2; f (2) = 8,
2. Let: f : A → B and g : B → C be two functions and  1 
where k is some constant, the f ( x + y ). f   equal
gof : A → C is defined. Then which of the following to: (where x + y ≠ 0)  x+ y
statement(s) is (are) incorrect? (a) 1 (b) 4
(a) If gof is onto then f must be onto (c) k (d) f (1)
(b) If f is into and g is onto then gof must be onto 6. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
function. (a) Equation sgn (x) = sin–1 x has one solution.
(c) If gof is one-one then g is not necessarily one-one. (b) Equation |x2 – 4| x | + 3| = 1 has six solutions.
(d) If f is injective and g is surjective then gof must be (c) If α is solution of equation log10 x2 – log10(–x) = 4,
bijective mapping then sgn (α) = 1
3. Let f be a constant function with domain R and g be a (d) Equation (sin–1 x)3 + (cos–1 x)3 + (tan–1 x)3 = 3 sin–1
certain function with domain R. Two ordered pairs in f x · cos–1 x · tan–1 x has no solution
are (4, a2 – 5) and (2, 4a – 9) for some real number a. (where sgn(·) denotes signum function)
f 7. Let x = {a1, a2, ..., a6} and Y = {b1, b2, b3}. The number
Also domain of is R – {7}. Then
g of functions f from x to y such that it is onto and there
(a) a = 2 (b) (f (10))100 = 1 are exactly three elements x in X such that f (x) = b1 is
1 (a) 75 (b) 90
(c) (100) g(7) = 1 (d) ∫ f ( x)dx = 1 (c) 100 (d) 120
0
8. If f : R → R is an invertible function such that f (x) and
 1   1  f  –1 (x) are symmetric about the line y = –x, then
4. Let f : R –   →R–  be a function defined
5 2  5 2  (a) f (x) is odd.
(b) f (x) and f  –1(x) may not be symmetric about the line
 x–2 5  y = x.
as f (x) =   then which of the following is (are)
 5 2 x –1  (c) f (x) may not be odd.
correct? (d) None of these.
P Sets Relations and Functions 141
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 9. Let f be an injective function such that f (x) f (y) + 2 = f (x) Comprehension (Q. 18 to 19): Consider a function f : R → R
+ f (y) + f (xy) ∀ x, y ∈ R. If f (4) = 65 and f (0) ≠ 2, then such that (f (x) + f (z))(f (y) + f (t)) = f (xy – zt) + f (xt + yz) where
f (x) is equal to, ∀ x ∈ R. x, y, z, t ∈ R
(a) x3 – 1 (b) x3 + 2 18. For the non-constant function, f : R → R, f (x) is
3
(c) x + 1 (d) x2 + 49 (a) Even (b) Odd
(c) Neither even nor odd (d) None of these
Comprehension type questions
19. The number of functions f : R → R which satisfy the
Comprehension (Q. 10 to 12):
given functional equation is
x3 x 2 (a) 1 (b) 2
f ( x) = + + ax + b ∀ x ∈ R
3 2 (c) 3 (d) None of these
10. Least value of ‘a’ for which f (x) is injective function, is Comprehension (Q. 20 to 22): θ is said to be well behaved
 π
(a) 1 (b) 1 if it lies in interval  0,  . They are intelligent if they make
4 2  
1 1 domain of f + g and g equal. The values of θ for which h(θ) is
(c) (d) defined are handsome. Let
2 8
11. If a = – 1, then f (x) is f ( x) = θx 2 − 2(θ2 − 3) x − 12θ , g ( x) = ln( x 2 − 49),
(a) Bijective (b) Many-one and onto θ 
(c) One-one and into (d) Many-one and into =h(θ) ln  ∫ 4 cos 2 tdt − θ2  , where θ is in radians.
0 
12. f (x) is invertible iff
20. Complete set of values of θ which are well behaved as
1  1  well as intelligent is
(a) a ∈  , ∞  , b ∈ R (b) a ∈  , ∞  , b ∈ R
4  8  3 π 3 7 
(a)  ,  (b)  , 
 1  1 4 2 5 8 
(c) a ∈  −∞,  , b ∈ R (d) a ∈  −∞,  , b ∈ R
 4  4 5 π 6 π
(c)  ,  (d)  , 
Comprehension (Q. 13 to 15): Let the function f be defined 6 2  7 2 
in (0, 1). Two more functions are given as g(x) = ex and 21. Complete set of values of θ which are intelligent is
h(x) = ln | x |.
6 7  π
13. The number of solution of the equation g(x) · h(g(x)) = 1 (a)  ,  (b)  0, 
7 2  3 
is
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3 1 6 1 π
(c)  ,  (d)  , 
14. Domain of f (g(x)) + f (h(x)) is 4 7 2 2
(a) (–e, –1) (b) (–e, –1) ∪ (1, e) 22. Complete set of values of θ which are well behaved,
intelligent and handsome is
(c) ( e , e) (d) (1, e)
 π 6 π
15. Let f be one-one function with range (1, 2) and gof (x) is (a)  0,  (b)  , 
2  7 2 
defined then domain of f –1 og–1 (x) is
3 π 3 π
(a) (0, 1) (b) (e, e2) (c)  ,  (d)  , 
4 2 5 2 
(c) ( e , e) (d) (– ∞, 0)
Comprehension (Q. 23 to 25): Consider ax4 + (7a – 2b)x3
Comprehension (Q. 16 to 17): If the function f (x) satisfies + (12a – 14b – c)x2 – (24b + 7c)x + 1 – 12c = 0, has no real
the equation roots and
f (x + 1) + f (x – 1) = 3 f (x) for all x ∈ R, log ( π+ e ) (ax 4 + (7 a − 2b) x 3 + (12a − 14b − c) x 2
16 Period of f(x) is − (24b + 7c) x + 1 − 12c)
f1 ( x) =
(a) 12 (b) 3 (c) 18 (d) 6 a − sgn(1 + ac + b 2 )
9

17. If f (2) = 9, find the sum ∑ f (2 + 12r )  −1   


  7 
=f 2 ( x) 2 log cos tan  sin
   π  cos π
  x +      .
2      
r =0 2   
(a) 90 (b) 91 (c) 99 (d) 81     

142 JEE-Advanced–XII PW
 23. Domain of f1(x) is 24. Number of integers in range of f2(x) is
(a) [–4, –3] (b) (–∞, 3] ∪ [4, ∞) (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
25. Number of positive integers in range of f2(x) in the
(c) (–∞, –4] ∪ [–3, ∞) (d) [3, 4]
domain of f1(x) is
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3

Match the column type questions

26. Match the following:
Column – Ι Column – Ι
A. 7{x}4 + 9{x}3 {–x} – 5{x}2 + 9{x}{–x} – 2 = 0, {x} is fractional part of x, then 2x may be equal to p. 0
B. If 2y2 + 2xy – 5x = 0 has non-negative integral solutions in x and y then y may be equal to q. 2
C. A = {1, 3, 5, 7} and B = {2, 4, 6, 8} number of one-one function f : A → B such that f (i) – i ≥ 2 ∀ i ∈ A r. 3


 x + sin x, x ∈ (0, π)

D. If f ( x) =  0, x = π then the value of x for which f (x) = f  –1(x) s. 4
 1
π +1− , x ∈ (π, ∞)
 1 + ( x − π) 2

t. 5

(a) A-(r, t), B-(p, q), C-(p), D-(p) (b) A-(s), B-(r), C-(p), D-(s)
(c) A-(p), B-(r), C-(q), D-(t) (d) A-(p), B-(q), C-(t), D-(s)
27. If x, y, z ∈ R satisfies the system of equations x + [y] + {z} = 12.7, [x] + {y} + z = 4.1 and {x} + y + [z] = 2 (where {.} and
[.] denotes the fractional and integral parts respectively), then match the following:
Column – Ι Column – ΙΙ
A. {x} + {y} p. 7.7
B. [z] + [x] q. 1.1
C. x + {z} r. 1
D. z + [y] – {x} s. 3
(a) A-(r), B-(s), C-(p), D-(q) (b) A-(q), B-(p), C-(s), D-(q)
(c) A-(q), B-(p), C-(s), D-(r) (d) A-(s), B-(q), C-(p), D-(r)
28. Let A = {1, 3, 5, 7} and B = {2, 4, 6, 8} and f : A → B, then the number of functions ‘f ’ possible for:
Column – Ι Column – ΙΙ
A. i + f (i) < 10,∀ i ∈ {1, 3, 5, 7} p. 16
B. f (i) – i > 2,∀i ∈ {1, 3, 5, 7} q. 24
C. f (i) ≥ 6,∀i ∈ {1, 3, 5, 7} r. 0
D. f (i) ≠ i + 1, ∀i ∈ {1, 3, 5, 7} s. 81

29. Matrix match

Column-I (Function) Column-II (Period)
A. |sin 4x| + |cos 4x| p. p/16
B. sin8 8x + cos8 8x q. p/8
C. sin2 x + cos4 x + 2 r. p/4
D. cos(cos 2x) + cos (sin 2x) s. p/2

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Numerical type questions 36. Let f ( x) = ln 
3 + a sin x  is odd function then number

30. If f is a function such that f (0) = 2, f (1) = 3 and  b + 5sin x 
f (x + 2) = 2f (x) – f (x + 1) for every real x, then f (5) is of possible ordered pairs of (a, b) is (a, b ∈ R)
31. An odd function is symmetric about the vertical line 37. Number of non-negative integers in the domain of
∞ function in the interval x ∈ (0, 4)
x = a (a > 0) and if ∑ [f (1 + 4r)] = 8, then find the
r

r =0

=f ( x) log ( x + 2{ x}) ([ x]2 − 5[ x] + 7)
value of f (1).
32. Let f : R → R such that (where [∙] denote greatest integer function and {∙} denote
fraction part function) is

f (x – f (y)) = f (f (y)) + x f (y) + f (x) – 1 x, y ∈ R.
Then find the value of |(f (16))| – 125. 38. Let f : {k, k + 1, k + 2, ..., 2007} → {1, 2, 3, ..., n} be
 2007 
33. The function f satisfies the functional equation defined by f ( x) =   (where [.] denotes the
 x + 59   x  k
3 f(x) + 2 f   = 10x + 30 for all real x ≠ 1. The greatest integer function). The maximum value of  
 x −1  10 
value of f (7) is equal to such that it is not possible to make f an onto function for
any value of n is ________.
34. The total number of solutions of [x]2
= x + 2 {x}, where
[.] and {.} denote the greatest integer and the fractional 39. Let f(x) = ax17 + b sin x sin 2x ∙ sin 3x + cx2 sgn(sin x) + d
part functions, respectively, is equal to  e x − e− x 
log( x + 1 + x 2 ) + x(| x + 1| − | x − 1|)  x −x 
be
1 e +e 
cos x − defined on the set of real numbers, (a > 0, b, c, d ∈ R) if
2
35. Find the domain of f ( x) = f(–7) = 7, f(–5) = –5, f(–2) = 3, then the minimum number
6 + 35 x − 6 x 2 of zeroes of the equation f(x) = 0 is equal to ________.

Exercise-2 (JEE Advanced Level-2)

SINGLE CORRECT QUESTIONS 4. Let f(x) = 2 tan–1 x and g(x) be a differentiable function
 x + 2y  g(x) + 2g(y)
1. The range of the function f(x) = 4 − x 2 + x 2 − 1 is satisfying=
g  ∀x, y ∈ R and
 3  3
(a)  3, 7  (b)  3, 5  g′(0) = 1 and g(0) = 2. The number of integers ‘x’
 
satisfying f­2(g(x)) – 5f (g(x)) + 4 > 0 where x ∈ (–10, 20)
(c)  2, 3  (d)  3, 6 
  is equal to
2. The range of f(x) = log(cosec x – 1) (2 – [sin x] – [sin x]2) (a) 5 (b) 6
where, [·] denotes greatest integer function. (c) 7 (d) 8
(a) (– ∞, ∞) (b) (– ∞, ∞) – {0}
5. Consider the following:
(c) [3, ∞) (d) (0, ∞)
1. If R = {(a, b) ∈ N × N : ‘a’ divides ‘b’ in N}, then
3. The domain of definition of the implicit function defined
4 2 the relation R is reflexive and symmetric but not
by the implicit equation 3y + 2 x =
24x − 1
transitive.
 − 3 +1 1+ 3   3 − 1 3 + 1 2. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} and R = {(S1, S2) : S1, S2
(a)  ,  (b)  , 

 2 2   2 2  are subsets of A, S1 ⊄ S2}, then the relation R is not
 − 3 −1 1− 3  reflexive, not symmetric and not transitive.
(c)  ,  Which of the statements is/are correct ?
 2 2 
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
 − 3 −1 1 − 3   3 −1 3 +1
(d)  , ∪ ,  (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
 2 2   2 2 
144 JEE-Advanced–XII PW
 12. The minimum value of the function defined by
6. Let the function f(x) = |sin x | − |1 − sin x | , then
h(x) = max {ex, 3 + e3 – x} is ‘k’, then the integeral
which of the following is incorrect?
value of ‘x’ satisfying x2 – [k]x + 75 < 0, is/are (where
π 5π [⋅] denotes greatest integer function and e = 2.72)
(a) Domain of f(x) is [2nπ + , 2nπ + ]
6 6 (a) 3 (b) 7 (c) 10 (d) 20
(b) Range of f(x) is [0, 1] 13. If f(x) = |x2 – 4 |x| –12|, then which of the following is/
(c) f(x) is periodic function are correct?
(d) None of these (a) f(x) = 4 has 4 distinct and real solutions
(b) f(x) = 16 has 6 distinct and real solutions
7. Let f(x) = x + |x – 100| – |x + 100| and g(x) = |f(x)| – 1,
then which of the following is incorrect? (c) f(x) = 20 has 5 distinct and real solutions
(d) f(x) = 24 has 2 distinct and real solutions
(a) f(x) is an odd function
14. If function f : R → R defined as f(x) = (x2 – x – 12)
(b) g(x) is an even function
(x2 – x – 28). Then which of the following is (are) correct?
(c) f(x) is neither even nor odd
(a) Minimum value of f(x) is –64
(d) There are exactly six different values of x, where (b) f(x) is odd function
g(x) = 0
(c) f(x) is one one function
8. Let N be the set of natural numbers greater than 100. (d) f(x) is into function
Define the relation R by : R = {(x, y) ∈ N × N; the 15. Let g : R → [1, ∞) be a two degree onto polynomial
numbers x and y have atleast two common divisors}. such that g(3 + x) = g(3 – x) and g(2) = 3.
Then R is If h : (–∞, ln3] → [1, 19) is given by h(ln x) = g(x), then
(a) Reflexive, symmetric and transitive relation which of the following is(are) incorrect?
(b) Symmetric, transitive and not reflexive  x –1 
(c) Reflexive, transitive and not symmetric (a) h–1(x) = ln  3 + 
 2 
(d) Reflexive, symmetric and not transitive
 x –1 
One or More than one Correct Questions (b) h–1(x) = ln  3 − 
 2 
9. If f : R → R be a function satisfying the functional rule (c) g(5) = 9
f(x + f(y)) = f(x) + x + f(x – y); ∀ x, y ∈ R, then (d) g(5) = 5
(a) f(0) = 0 (b) |f(1) + f(2)| = 3 x+2 if x ∈ [–3, –1)
(c) |f(1) + f(2)| = 5 (d) |f(1) + f(–1)| = 2 16. Let f(x) = 1 if x ∈ [–1, 1)
10. Number of real values of x satisfying the equation 2 – x if x ∈ [1, 3]
3x + 2 + 32 – x = 82 is not equal to x + 5, x < 0
and g(x) = ,
(a) Number of real solutions of the equation 2x – 3, x ≥ 0

(|x| + 1)2 = 4 |x| + 9, such that the quantity ln(5–2x) then which of the following is (are) correct?
is a real number.
  –5   9   –1  
log 5 250 log 5 10 (a) g  f   = (b) g  f   =1
(b) The value of the expression −   2  2   2 
log 50 5 log1250 5
when simplified.   1    3 
(c) g  f   = –1 (d) g  f   = 2
(c) Number of real solutions of the equation,   2    2 
2x ln x + x –1 = 0 17. Let the function g:(–∞, ∞) → [0, p] be given by
(d) The value of ‘m’ if a line of gradient m passes
  x2 – x + 1  
through the points (m, – 9) and (7, m) g(x) = cos –1  log 3    . Then which of the
 2
11. The domain of definition of function f(x) = [2 tanpx].   x + x +1
following is/are correct?
log [2 tanpx]  x + 2x − 3  , where [.] denotes the
2

 2  (a) g(x) is even function

 4x − 4x − 3  (b) g(x) is many one function
 1 1
greatest integer function is given by  n + , n +  ; (c) g(x) is onto function
4 2
where n ∈ I, then n can be equal to  1
(a) – 5 (b) – 1 (c) 0 (d) 1
(d) g   = g(x)
x
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 18 If a polynomial function ‘g’ satisfies log 2(g(x)) =
2x 4 − 14x 2 − 8x + 49
  27. If the range of f(x) = is (a, b]
 x 4 − 7x 2 − 4x + 23
g(x)  then (a + b) is equal to
log 2 3 ⋅ log 3 ⋅ 1 +  and g(5) = 126, then which
 1 28. The graph of y = f(x) is shown, then number of solutions
 g  
 x of the equation f(f(x)) = 2 is equal to
y
of the following is/(are) correct? (2, 3)
(a) g(10) = 1001 (b) g(20) = 4001 (–3, 2) (3, 2)
(c) g(30) = 27001 (d) g(40) = 36001 (1/2, 2)
(–1, 1)
19. In a battle, 70% of the combatants lost one eye, 80% lost x
one leg, 85% lost an ear, 90% an arm. If x% lost all the
(–5, –1) (5, –1)
four limbs, then values of x can be
(a) 15 (b) 20 (c) 30 (d) 35
20. A relation is defined in set A, where A = {x : x2 < 10, 29. Number of solution(s) of the equation 78[x3 – 5] + 90
x∈I}. Then which of the following is/(are) correct? [cos3px + sinpx – 5] = 169 is/are (where [.] denotes
G.I.F.)
(a) Total no. of reflexive relations are 242
(b) Total no. of reflexive relations are 256 30. Let g(x) = |x2 – 4| – |x – k|. If g(x) = 0 has 2 distinct real
(c) Total no. of symmetric relations are 221
a
(d) Total no. of symmetric relations are 228 roots, then |k| > . The value of (a + b) is equal to
b
Integer / Numerical Type Comprehension Type
21. If the largest positive value of the function defined as
f(x) = 8 x − x 2 − 14 x − x 2 − 48, is m n , where Passage–I
m, n ∈ N, then the value of (m + n) is equal to (where n Paragraph (31-33): Let f : R → R be defined by
is prime number)
22. A function f is defined for all real numbers and satisfy x3 x 2
f(x) = + + ax + b, ∀x ∈ R
f(2 + x) = f(2 –x) and f(7 + x) = f(7 – x) for all real x. If 3 2
x = 0 is a root of f(x) = 0, then the least number of roots 31. The least value of ‘a’ for which f(x) behaves as an
of f(x) = 0 in the interval [–1000, 1000] is injective function is
 x   2x  9x 1
23. If [sin x] +   +   =then the number of (a) (b) 1
 2π   5π  10π 4
values of x in (30, 40) where [.] denotes greatest integer 1 1
function, is equal to (c) (d)
2 8
 cosec x − 1  32. If a = –1, then f(x) is
24. If f(x) = log1/ 2  
 4 cosec x + 5  (a) Bijective (b) Many-one and onto
(c) One-one and into (d) Many-one and into
 sec x − 1  33. f(x) is invertible if
  + log1/ 2  .
 4 sec x + 5  1  1 
(a) a ∈ , ∞  , b ∈ R (b) a ∈ , ∞  , b ∈ R
Then the number of integral values of ‘x’ in the interval 4  8 
(0, 2p), where f(x) is defined, is equal to
25. The sum of all possible integral value(s) of ‘p’ for which  1  1
(c) a ∈ – ∞, , b∈R (d) a ∈ – ∞, , b ∈ R
1
the equation x + − 3 = p − 3 has exactly two distinct  4   4
x
solutions, is equal to Passage–II
26. Number of integers in the range of the function px2 + 3, –∞ < x < – 1
Paragraph (34-36): Let g(x) = and
x 3 + 2x 2 + 3x + 2 2x + q, –1 ≤ x < ∞
f(x) = 3 ; x ∈ R – {0} is: –3x – 2, –∞ < x < 0
x + 2x 2 + 2x + 1 h(x) =
x + 4, 0≤x<8

146 JEE-Advanced–XII PW
 34. The function h(g(x)) is not defined if 35. If p = 4 and q = 6, then range of h(g(x)) is equal to
(a) p ∈ (5, ∞), q ∈ (10, ∞) (a) [4, 12] (b) [8, 12) (c) [8, 12] (d) [4, 12)

(b) p ∈ (5, ∞), q ∈ (4, 10) 36. If q = 3, then the value of x in interval [1, 3] for which
h(x) + g(x) = 12, is equal to
(c) p ∈ (0, 5), q ∈ (10, ∞)
5 3
(a) 2 (b) (c) (d) 4
(d) p ∈ (1, 5), q ∈ (4, 10) 3 2

Matrix Match
37. Match the columns.

Column-I Column-II

A. Let f : (2, ∞) → (3, ∞) defined by f(x) = 13 – 4x + x , then f(x) is p. One-one

B. Let f : [–1, 5] → [3, 9] defined by f(x) = |x – 3| + |x|, then f(x) is q. Many-one

C. Let f : R → [–1, 1], f(x) = sin ([x] + [–x]), where [⋅] denotes G.I.F. r. Onto

D. Let g : R → (–∞, 0], defined by g(x) = ln ( 1+ x 4

)
− x 2 , then g(x) is s. Into

(a) A → p, r, B → q, r, C → p, r, D → q, s (b) A → q, r, B → p, r, C → q, r, D → p, s
(c) A → p, r, B → q, s, C → q, s, D → q, r (d) A → q, s, B → p, s, C → P, s, D → p, r
38. Match the columns.

Column-I Column-II
A.
Let 3 + 8log 1
R
( 8+4 3 – 8– 4 3 = )
0, then R is equal to
p 4

B.   q 8
1 1 1 1
The value of 6 + log 3  4– 4– 4– …  is
 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 
2 

C. Number of solutions of log4(x – 1) = log2 (x – 3) is k, then 8k is equal to r 3

D. If log(2x + 3)(6x2 + 23x + 21) = 4 – log(3x + 7)(4x2 + 12x + 9), then value of x is k. s 16
Then 4k + 4 is equal to

(a) A → s; B → r; C → q; D → p (b) A → s; B → p; C → q; D → s
(c) A → q; B → p; C → r; D → s (d) A → s; B → p; C → q; D → r

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 ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE-1 (JEE ADVANCED LEVEL-1)
1. (a,c,d) 2. (a,b,c,d) 3. (a,b,c) 4. (a,b,c) 5. (b,c) 6. (b,d) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (a)
11. (b) 12. (a) 13. (b) 14. (a) 15. (b) 16. (a) 17. (a) 18. (a) 19. (c) 20. (d)
21. (a) 22. (b) 23. (c) 24. (d) 25. (a) 26. (a) 27. (a) 28. (a → q, b → r, c → p, d → s)
 −1 π   5π 
29. (a → q, b → p, c → s, d → r) 30. [13] 31. [0.875] 32. [2] 33. [4] 35.  ,    ,6
 6 3  3 
36. [3] 37. ? 38. ? 39. ?

EXERCISE-2 (JEE ADVANCED LEVEL-2)

1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (b) 6. (d) 7. (c) 8. (d) 9. (a, b)
10. (a, c, d) 11. (a, c) 12. (b, c) 13. (a, d) 14. (a, d) 15. (a, d) 16. (a, c) 17. (b, c, d)
18. (a, c) 19. (c, d) 20. (a, d) 21. [5] 22. [401] 23. [1] 24. [3] 25. [21] 26. [0] 27. [5]
28. [3] 29. [0] 30. [21] 31. (a) 32. (b) 33. (a) 34. (a) 35. (c) 36. (b) 37. (c)
38. (d)

148 JEE-Advanced–XII PW
  EXPLANATION
EXERCISE-1 (JEE ADVANCED LEVEL-1) 4. (a,b,c,d)
x–2 5
1. (a,c,d)
f (x) =
5 2 x –1
f (x) = min (ex, 2 + e2 – x, 8)
 From the graph it is clear that maximum value of x–2 5
⇒ f – 1 (x) =

f (x is, α = e2 5 2 x –1
∴ [α] = [e2] = 7 1
⇒ f (x) = f –1 (x) ∀ x ≠

x( x − 7) x( x − 7) 5 2
2 <0⇒ <0
x − 7 x + 12 ( x − 3)( x − 4) ⇒ f ( f ( x )) = x

2. (a,b,c,d) 5. (b,c)
We have f : A → B Given f(x + y) – kxy = f(x) + 2y2.
g:B→C Replace y by – x, then f(0) + kx2 = f(x) + 2x2
and gof: A → C ⇒ f(x) = f(0) + kx2 – 2x2
f g Now f(1) = f(0) + k – 2 = 2 ⇒ f(0) = –k + 4
(A) A B C and f(2) = f(0) + 4k – 8 = 8 ⇒ f(0) = – 4k + 16
which give k = 4 and f(0) = 0
Thus, from (1) f(x) = 2x2
 1 
f g
∴ f(x + y) f   =4=k
(B) A B C  x+ y
6. (b, d)
(a) sgn(x) = sin–1 x has there solutions

3
(C) f g
A B C
1
–3 –1 1 3
(b) y
(D) f g
A B C

2
1

–1
3. (a,b,c) x
O 1
Since f is a constant function
a2 – 5 = 4a – 9 ⇒ a2 – 4a + 4 = 0 ⇒ (a – 2)2 = 0
–1
⇒a=2
Hence, f = –1 (c) log 10(– x) = 4
f −1   ⇒ x = –104 = α ⇒ sgn(α) = –1
Also = . Since 7 is not in the domain. (d) sin–1x + cos–1x + tan–1x ≠ 0 and sin–1x, cos–1x, tan–1
g 8
x can’t be equal for same x.

∴ g(7) = 0
7. (b) Image b1 is assigned to any three of the six pre-images
Hence (f(10))100 + (100)g(7) = (–1)100 + (100)0 = 1 + 1 = 2 in 6C3 ways.
P Sets Relations and Functions 149
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 Rest two images can be assigned to remaining three 11. (b) If a = – 1
pre-images in 23 – 2 ways (as function is onto). f ′(x) = x2 + x – 1
Hence number of functions are 6C3 × (23 – 2) = 20 × 6 D=1+4>0
= 120. ⇒ many one function and cubic polynomial have range
8. (a) Since f(x) and f –1(x) are symmetric about the line (– ∞, ∞) hence onto function
  y = –x. If (α, β) lies on y = f(x) then (–β, –α) on y = f –1(x) 12. (a) For f(x) to be invertible f(x) should be one-one that
⇒ (– α, – β) lies on y = f(x) is f ′(x) ≥ 0,
⇒ y = f(x) is odd 1 
⇒ a ∈  ,∞
9. (c) Given that f(x) f(y) + 2 = f(x) + f(y) + f(xy)...(i) 4 
Putting x = y = 0 in equation (i), we get f(0) f(0) + 2 13. (b) (i) g(x) h(g(x)) = 1
= f(0) + f(0) + f(0) ⇒ ex ln |ex| = 1 ⇒ xex = 1 ⇒ x = e–x
or (f(0))2 + 2 = 3f(0) or (f(0) – 2) (f(0) – 1) = 0 or f(0) Clearly equation has only one solution.
= 1 ( f(0) ≠ 2 )  …(ii) y

Again putting x = y = 1 in equation (i) and repeating the y=x

above steps, we get y = ex
O
(f(1) – 2) (f(1) – 1) = 0
x
But f(1) ≠ 1 as f(x) is injective.
∴ f(1) = 2 …(iii)
14. (ii) f(g(x)) + f(h(x)) = f(ex) + f(ln| x |)
Now putting y = 1/x in equation (i), we get
∴ f is defined in (0, 1)
1 1 1 ∴ 0 < ex < 1 and 0 < ln | x | < 1
f(x) f   + 2 = f(x) + f   + f(1) or f(x) f   + 2
x
  x
  x   x ∈ (– ∞, 0) and 1 < | x | < e
1 x ∈ (–e, –1) ∪ (1, e)
= f(x) + f   + 2
x ∴ Domain is (–e, –1)
1 1 15. (iii) f : (0, 1) → (1, 2)
or f(x) f   = f(x) + f   gof (x) = g[f(x)] = ef(x)
x
  x
Domain of gof (x) is (0, 1)
1 1 and range of gof (x) = ef(x) is (e, e2)
or f(x) f   – f(x) – f   – 1 + 1 = 0
x x ∴ Domain of (gof)–1 = f –1 og–1 is (e, e2).
 1   1  16. (a) We have,
or f(x)  f   − 1 − 1.  f   − 1 = 1
 x   x  f(x + 1) + f(x – 1) = 3 f(x) for all x ∈ R,...(i)
 1  Replacing x by x – 1 and x + 1 successively in (i), we get
or {f(x) – 1}  f   − 1 = 1 ...(iv)
 x 
f(x) + f(x – 2) = 3 f(x – 1) ...(ii)
1 1 and f(x + 2) + f(x) = 3 f(x + 1) ...(ii)
Let f(x) – 1 = g(x) ⇒ f   – 1 = g  
x x Adding(ii) and (iii), we get
1 2f (x) + f (x – 2) + f (x + 2) = 3 {f (x – 1) + f(x + 1)}
∴ from equation (iv), we get g(x) g   = 1 which is
x = 3 · 3 f(x) : [from (1)]
only possible when g(x) = ± xn
= 3f(x)
∴ f(x) = ± xn + 1 or f(x) = ± xn + 1 or 65 = ± 4n + 1
⇒ f (x + 2) + f (x – 2) = f (x)...(iv)
or 4n = 64 = (4)3
Replacing x by x + 2 in (iv), we get
∴ n = 3
f (x + 4) + f (x) = f (x + 2) ...(v)
∴ f(x) = x3 + 1 or f(x) – 1 = x3
Adding (iv) and (v), we get
(neglecting negative sign)
f (x + 4) + f (x – 2) = 0 ...(vi)
10. (a) f ′(x) = x2 + x + a f (x + 4) = –f (x – 2)
  f ′(x) ≥ 0 replace x by x + 2
 1  1
2 f (x + 6) = – f (x)
⇒  x +  +a –  ≥ 0
replacing x by x + 6
 2   4
f (x + 12) = –f (x + 6) = f (x)
1 we get f (x + 12) = f (x)
Hence a ≥
4 Hence, f (x) is a periodic function with period 12

150 JEE-Advanced–XII PW
 9 ⇒ f(r) = r2 ≤ f(x) [contradiction]
17. (a) ∑=0
f (2 + 12r ) = f(2) + f(2 + 12) + f(2 + 24) + ...+ ⇒ f(x) < x2 (impossible)
 f(2 + 12 × 9) Similarly we can prove contradiction f(x) > x2
= f(2) + f(2) + f(2) + ... to 10 terms, since f(x) is periodic So, only possibility f(x) = x2 substituting f(x) = x2 we get
with period 12. (f(x) + f(z)) (f(y) + f(t)) = f(xy – zt) + f(xt + yz)
= 10 × f(2) = 10 × 9 = 90. (x2 + z2)(y2 + t2) = (xy – zt)2 + (xt + yz)2
 [Lagrange identity]
18. (a) Put y = z = t = 0
1
f(0)[f(x) + f(0)] = f(0) So, = f ( x) , f ( x) 0,=
= f ( x) x 2 are the required
2
Put x = 0 solutions.
2f 2(0) = f(0)
20. (d)
1
⇒ f (0) =
0, 21. (a)
2
22. (b) f ( x) = θx 2 − 2(θ2 − 3) x − 12θ
1 1
If f (0) = ⇒ f ( x) + = 1 g(x) = ln(x2 – 49)
2 2
if domain of f + g is same as domain of g. Then
1 2 2
⇒ f ( x) =
2 θx − 2(θ − 3) x − 12θ ≥ 0 ∀ x ∈ (−∞, −7) ∪ (7, ∞)

6 7
If f(0) = 0, z = t = 0 ⇒ θ ∈  , 
7 2
⇒ f(x) f(y) = f(xy)
Let, x = y = 1 ⇒ f 2(1) = f(1) θ 
θ) ln  ∫ 4 cos 2 tdt − θ=
h(= 2 2
 ln[2θ + sin 2θ − θ ]
⇒ f(1) = 0 or f(1) = 1 0 
We have f(0) = 0, f(1) = 0, y = 1
f(x) = ax4 + (7a – 2b)x3 + (12a – 14b – c)x – (24b + 7c)x
23.
f(x) = 0
+ 1 – 12c
Also, f(0) = 0, f(1) = 1, x = 0, y = t = 1
(f(0) + f(z)) (f(1) + f(1)) = f(–z) + f(z) log ( n + e ) ( f ( x))
⇒ 2f(z) = f(–z) + f(z) (i) f1(x) =

a − x(1 + ac + b 2 )
⇒ f(z) = f(–z)
19. (c) Put y = z = t = 1 ⇒ a > 0 and 1 + ac + b2 < 0; ac + b2 < –1
...(i)
⇒ 2(f(x) + 1) = f(x – 1) + f(x + 1) and f(x) ≥ 1
f(2) = 4, f(z) = 9, f(1) = 1, f(0) = 0 ⇒ ax4 + (7a – 2b)x3 + (12a – 4b – c)x2 – (24b + 7c)x +

f(n) = n2 (Possible function), if f(n – 1) = (n – 1)2 1 – 12c ≥ 0
2[f(n – 1) + 1] = f(n - 2) + f(n)
⇒ (ax2 – 2bx – c) (x2 + 7x + 12) ≥ 0

⇒ f(n) = n2
p Now, ax2 – 2bx – c
Now, for x = (rational number)
q Here, a > 0 and D = 4b2 + 4ac = 4(b2 + ac) from (i)

 p  p D < 0
f   f (q 2 ) =f ( pq ) ⇒ f   q 2 =p2q2
 q  q ⇒ ax2 – 2bx – c ≥ 0 ∀ x∈ IR


2
 p   p  (True for rational number) ⇒ x2 + 7x +12 ≥ 0

⇒ f  =  
q q
⇒ (x + 4)(x + 3) ≥ 0 ⇒ x ∈ (– ∞, – 4]∪[–3, ∞) ≥ 0
Now, if x ∈ R, lets prove for positive x since if it is proved   7 
the function is even and will follow for negative x 24. –1 ≤ cos  π  x +   ≤ 1
  2 
Assume for x > 0, f(x) < x2
  
So, now a rational number ‘r’ between f ( x) and – n ≤ π cos  π  x +   ≤ n
  2 
⇒ f ( x) < r < x
⇒ f(x) < r2 < x2    7 
sin(– n) ≤ sin  π cos  π  x +    ≤ sin n
[f(r) = r2, f is non-decreasing]    2 

P Sets Relations and Functions 151

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  (C) Not possible such function
  7 
–1 ≤ sin  π cos  π  x +    ≤ 1 (D) S olving f –1 (x) = f(x) is equivalent to solving
   2 
y = f(x). No solution
   7 
tan–1(–1) ≤ sin  π cos  π  x +    ≤ tan–11
   2 

−π −1
    7  π
≤ tan  sin  π cos  π  x +     ≤
4     2  4
Since, for cosx x ∈ [0, n]
H
 −1   7  π
cos(0) ≤ cos tan  sin  π cos  π  x +     ≤ cos
    2  4
27. (a) [x] + {x} + [y] + {z} = 12.7 ...(i)
     7  π 1 [x] + {y} + [z] + {z} = 4.1 ...(ii)
−1
1 ≤  cos tan  sin  π cos  π  x +     ≤ cos  ≤ {x} + [y] + {y} + [z] = 2 ...(iii)
     2  4 2
Adding (i), (ii) and (iii)
     7   1 
⇒ [x] + {x} + [y] + {y} + [z] + {z} = 9.4
⇒ cos  tan −1  sin  π cos  π  x +      ∈ 
,1

     2       2 
⇒ {y} + [z] = –3.3, {x} + [y] = 5.3, [x] + {z} = 7.4

⇒ f2(x) = [–2, 0]
⇒ {y} = .7, [z] = –4, {x} = .3, [y] = 5
[x] = 7, {z} = .4
So, total number of integers are 3.
28. A → (q); B → (r); C → (p); D → (s)
25. Range of f2(x) is [–2, 0] and
A. F or 1, 3, 5, 7 ∈ A we have 4, 3, 2, 1, choices,
domain of f1(x) is [–∞, –4] ∪ [–3, ∞]
respectively.

⇒ Number of positive integers are 0. B. Image of f(7) should be greater than 9 ⇒ not possible
26. (a) (A) {–x} = 1 – {x} C. For 1, 3, 5, 7 ∈ A we have 2, 2, 2, 2 choices,
Let {x} = t respectively.

⇒ 7t4 + 9t3 (1 – t) – 5t2 + 9t(1 – t) – 2 = 0

D. For any i ∈ A, we have 3 choices.
So, the number of functions = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 81
⇒ 2t4 – 9t3 + 14t2 – 9t + 2 = 0

29. A. | sin 4x | + |cos 4x|
1 1 5
t += 2 or t += π π
t t 2
f(x + T) = sin 4  x +  + cos 4  x + 
 8   2
1
= t 1 or t + or 2  π  π
2 = sin  4 x +  + cos  4 x + 
 2   2
1
∴ {x} = = | cos4x | + | sin4x | = f(x)
2
(B) 2y2 + 2xy – 5x = 0 π

⇒ period is
8
2 y2
⇒x=
5 − 2y  π
B.As f(x + T) = f  x + 
 16 
2 y2
x≥0⇒ ≥0 8  π 8  π

5 − 2y = sin 8  x +  + cos 8  x + 
 16   16 

⇒ 5 – 2y > 0 = f(x)
5 π
⇒ y<
⇒ period is
2 16

\ y = 0, 1, 2  π
C. f(x + T ) = f  x + 
For y = 0, 2, x is positive integer  2

152 JEE-Advanced–XII PW
 [ x] − [ x]
2
2 π 4 π
= sin  x +  + cos  x +  + 2 or { x} =
 2   2 3
[ x] − [ x]
2
= f(x) or 0 ≤ <1
3
π or 0 ≤ [x]2 – [x] < 3

⇒ period is
2
1− 3   1+ 3 
 π or [ x ] ∈  , 0  ∪ 1, 
D.As f(x + T) = f  x + 
 2   2 
 4
or [x] = –1, 0, 1, 2
  π    π 
= cos  cos 2  x +   + cos  sin 2  x +  
  4    4  2 2
or {x} = 3 , 0, 0, 3 (respectively)
= f(x)
π 1 8

⇒ period is . or x = − , 0, 1,
4 3 3

30. [0013] 1  π π   5π 7 π 
35. ⇒ cos x − ≥ 0 ⇒ x ∈ − ,  ∪  , 
x = 0 ⇒ f(2) = 2f(0) – f(1) = 2 × 2 – 3 = 1 2  3 3  3 3 
x = 1 ⇒ f(3) = 6 – 1 = 5 1
⇒ 6 x 2 − 35 x − 6 < 0 ⇒ − < x < 6
x = 2 ⇒ f(4) = 2f(2) – f(3) = 2 × 1 – 5 = – 3 6
x = 3 ⇒ f(5) = 2f(3) – f(4) = 2(5) – (– 3) = 13 .
31. [0.875]
f (2a – x) = f (x) ⇒ f (2a + x) = –f (x) ∵ f is odd
⇒ f (x + 4a) = f (x)    5 6 7
– –
⇒ f is periodic with period 4a 3 6 3 3 3
⇒ f (1 + 4r) = f (1)  1 π   5π 
⇒ x ∈ − ,  ∪  ,6
 6 3  3 
∞

Now ∑ [ f (1)] r
=8
r=0
36. [4] We have that the domain of function f(x) is the set of
1 solutions of the following inequality
⇒ =8 ⇒ f(1) = 7/8
1 − f (1) 3 + a sin x
.
32. [0002] b + 5sin x
Putting x = f( y) = 0 then f (0) = f(0) + 0 + f (0) – 1 3 − a sin x 3 + a sin x
f (− x) =ln =ln = − f ( x).
⇒ f (0) = 1 b − 5sin x b + 5sin x
Putting x = f ( y) Thus, it follows that
We get f (0) = f (x) + x2 + f (x) – 1 ⇒ f(x) = 1 – x2/2 b2 – 25 sin2 x = 9 – a2 sin2 x.
256 We deduce that a2 = 25, b2 = 9.

f(16) = 1 – = 1 – 128 = –127 {Since (a2 – 25) sin2 x = 9 – b2 for all x in the domain of
2
| f (16)| = 127. f(x) so a2 – 25 = 0, 9 – b2 = 0}.
33. [0004]
 x + 59 
f (x) =
37. (
log x + 2{ x} [ x ] − 5 [ x ] + 7
2
)
3f (x) + 2f   = 10x + 30
 x −1 
For x = 7, 3f (7) + 2f (11) = 70 + 30 = 100
(
⇒ log x + 2{ x} [ x ] − 5 [ x ] + 7 ≥ 0
2
) ...(i)
For x = 11, 3f (11) + 2f (7) = 140.
Case I. If x ∈ (0, 1)
f ( 7 ) f (11) −1
= = or f (7) = 4
⇒ x + 2{x} < 1
−20 −220 9 − 4
Since x ∈ (0, 4)
34. [0004]
[x]2 = x + 2 {x}
⇒ [z]2 – 5[x] + 7 ≥ 0 and
or [x]2 = [x] + 3 {x}
x + 2{x} ≠ 1

P Sets Relations and Functions 153

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 from (i) EXERCISE-2 (JEE ADVANCED LEVEL-2)
⇒ [x]2 – 5[x] + 7 ≤ 1
Single Correct Questions
⇒ [x]2 – 5[x] + 6 ≤ 0
⇒ ([x] – 3)([x] – 2) ≤ 0 1. (d) Let x2 = 4 cos2q + sin2q
⇒ x ∈ [2, 4) (ii) Then (4 – x2) = 3 sin2q and (x2 –1) = 3 cos2q
Case II. If x ∈ (1, 4) ∴ f(x) = 3 | sin θ | + 3 | cos θ |
⇒ x + 2{x} > 1
=
3(| sin θ | + | cos θ |)
from (i)
⇒ [x]2 – 5[x] + 7 ≥ 1  1 1 
⇒ ymin = 3 and ymax = 3 + =6.
⇒ [x]2 – 5[x] + 6 ≥ 0  2 2
⇒ ([x] – 2)([x] – 3) ≥ 0 Hence range of f(x) is  3, 6  .
⇒ x ∈ (0, 2] ∪ [3, 4) (iii)
2. (b) f(x) = log(cosec x – 1) (2 – [sin x] – [sin x]2)
from (ii) and (iii)
2 – [sin x] – [sin x]2 > 0 (Let [sin x] = t)
⇒ Only possible values of x are 2, 3 2
⇒ 2 – t – t > 0
\ Total number of non-negative solutions are 2. ⇒ t2 + t – 2 < 0
 2007   41  ⇒ (t + 2) (t – 1) < 0
38.   leaves an integer for x = 41 \ 10  = 4
 x    ⇒ t ∈ (–2, 1)
39. f(x) = ax17 + b sin x·sin 2x·sin 3x + (x2sgx (sinx) + d So, –2 < [sin x] < 1
[sin x] = 0 and –1
( ) + x(|x + 1| – |x – 1|)  ee +− ee 
x −x

log x + 1 + x 2  2 – [sin x] – [sin x]2

x −x
 Now
Given: f (–7) = 7, f (–5) = –5, f (–2) = 3
and clearly f (x) is an odd function and also f (0) = 0. If [sin x] = –1 If [sin x] = 0
The coefficient of x17 is a where a > 0 2+1–1=2 2
Case-I Now f(x) = log(cosec x – 1)2
Since, f(x) approaches to – ∞ as x approaches to – ∞ and Here cosec x ≥ 1
f(–7) = 7, so there exists at least one root between –∞ ⇒ cosec x –1 > 0
and –7.
f(x) = log (cosec x – 1)2
Case-II When, cosec x – 1 ∈ (0 ,1), then f(x) ∈ (–∞, 0)
As, f(–7)·f(–5) < 0 When, cosec x – 1 ∈ (1 ,∞), then f(x) ∈ (0, ∞)
So, there exists at least one root between –7 and –5. (We know that when base and number of log lies on
Case-III the same side of unity then value of log is always
As, f(–5)·f(–2) < 0, So, there exists at least one root +ve, otherwise –ve)
between –5 and –2 So, Range = R – {0}
Case-IV 3. (d) We have
4 2

f(0) = 0, therefore, 0 is the root of f(x) 3y + 2x = 24x –1
2 4
Case-V ⇒   3y = 24x –1– 2x
2 4
As f (x) is an odd function i.e., ⇒      y = log3 (24x –1– 2x )
This is defined, when
f(–x) = –f (x) + (2)·+(5)
2 –1 4
= (–f(2)) (–f(5)) 24x – 2x > 0
2 4
= f(–2) + f(–5) < 0 ⇒ 24x –1 > 2x
⇒ 4x2 –1 > x4
So, there exists at least one root between 2 and 5 similarly,
the exists root between 5 and 7 and between 7 and when ⇒ 4x2 –1 – x4 > 0
f (x) approaches to ∞ as x approaches to ∞, there exists ⇒ x4 – 4x2 + 1 < 0
at least one root.  x 2 − ( 2 + 3 )   x 2 − (2 − 3)  < 0
⇒
Hence, there exists at least ‘7’ roots.   

154 JEE-Advanced–XII PW
 (x + 2 + 3 )(x − 2 + 3 )  1 π
⇒ We know that <
  2 6
 (x + 2 − 3 )(x − 2 − 3 )  < 0 1 1
  So, tan  <
2 3
x ∈ ( − 2 + 3 , − 2 − 3 ) ∪ ( 2 − 3 , 2 + 3 )
1 1
⇒ tan   − 2 < − 2 ≈ −1.4
 3 +1
2
 3 −1 
2
2 3
=
Now, 2 + 3  and 2 − 3 
 =  Hence, integer values of ‘x’ are
 2   2 
{–9, –8, ........, –2}
 − 3 −1 1− 3   3 −1 3 +1 
So, x ∈  , ∪ ,  Number of integer values = 8
 2 2   2 2  5. (b) (1) R is not symmetric so it is incorrect
 x + 2y  g(x) + 2g(y) (2) S1 ≠ S2 so not reflexive
4. (d) g  = Let S1 = {1, 2, 3} & S2 = {1 , 2}
 3  3
It satisfies the condition
Partially differentiate w.r.t y keeping x as a constant
S1 ⊄ S2 ⇒ S2 ⊄ S1
 x + 2y  2 0 + 2g′(y) So non symmetric
g′  × =
 3  3 3 Let   S1 = {1, 2}, S2 = {4, 5}, S3 = {1, 2, 3}
Put y = 0 as S1 ⊄ S2 and S1 ⊄ S3 ⇒ S1 ⊂ S3
x 2 2 So non transitive.
g′   × = g′(0)
3 3 3 f (x)
6. (d) = | sin x | − |1 − sin x | (|1 – sin x| ≥ 0)
x 1
g′   = g′( 0 ) = 1 f(x) = (|sin x| – 1 + sin x) 2
3 Now, when sin x ∈ [–1, 0)
x
∫ g′   dx =
x
∫1.dx ⇒ g ×3 = x + c 1 1
f(x) = (–sin x – 1 + sin x) 2
= (–1 ) 2

3 3
 (Not possible)
Put x = 0 when sin x ∈ [0, 1]
g(0) × 3 = c 1
f(x) = (2sin x – 1 ) 2
⇒ 2 × 3 = c ⇒ c=6
⇒   0 ≤ 2sin x ≤ 2
x x
⇒ g  = +2 ⇒ –1 ≤ 2sin x –1 ≤ 1
3 3 1 1
⇒ 0 ≤ (2sin x –1 ) 2
≤ (1 ) 2

⇒ g(x) = x + 2 1

Now, f(g(x)) = 2tan–1(x + 2) ⇒ 0 ≤ (2sin x –1 ) 2 ≤ 1

Given that For f(x) to be defined
    f 2(g(x)) – 5f(g(x)) + 4 > 0 |sin x| – |1 –sin x| ≥ 0
⇒        (f(g(x)) – 1)(f(g(x))– 4) > 0 ⇒ |sin x| ≥ |1 – sin x|
⇒ 2tan–1(x + 2) < 1 or 2 tan–1 (x + 2) > 4 ⇒ sin x ≥ 1 – sin x
1 ⇒ 2sin x ≥ 1
⇒     tan–1 (x + 2) < or tan–1 (x + 2) > 2
 2 (not possible) 1
⇒ sin x ≥
1 2
x + 2 < tan  
2  π 5π 
⇒ x ∈  2nπ + , 2nπ + 
 6 6
1
x < tan   –2 7. (c) f(x) = x +| x – 100| – |x + 100|
2
Given that x ∈ (–10, 20) 200 + x ; x < −100

f (x) =  − x
 1  ; −100 ≤ x ≤ 100
So, x ∈  −10, tan   − 2  x − 200 ;
 2   x > 100

P Sets Relations and Functions 155

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 by graph f(x) an odd function One or More than one Correct Questions
y 9. (a, b)
     (f(x) + f(y)) = f(x) + x + f(x – y) ...(i)
y = f(x) Put y = 0 (f(0) = l say)
    
f(x + l) = 2f(x) + x ...(ii)
Put x = –l in (ii)
100
x   l = 2 f(–l) – l
-200 -100 0 200
f(–l) = l
-100
Put y = –l in (i)

y
⇒ f(x + l) = f(x) + x + f(x + l) ⇒ f(x) = –x

100 10. (a, c, d)

x = 2 or x = –2
y = |f(x)| x
-200 -100 100 200 (a) The given equation is |x|2 –2 |x|–8 = 0

or         (|x| – 4) (|x| + 2) = 0
y
|x| + 2 ≠ 0   (not possible)

∴ |x| = 4, hence we find that x1 = – 4, x2 = 4. Only
x
x1 = – 4
–1 g(x) = |f(x)| – 1
Hence only one solution which is accepted

This is symmetric about (b) log5(53 × 2) ⋅ log5(52 × 2) – log5(5 × 2) ⋅ log5(54 × 2)

y axis let log52 = y
So, g(x) is an even function
⇒ (3 + y) (2 + y) – (1 + y) (4 + y) = 6 + 3y + 2y +
8. (d) N = {101, 102, 103, 104, ....} y2 – (4 + y + 4y + y2) = 2

N × N = {(101, 101), (101, 102), (101, 103), ...} (c) domain x > 0

R = {(x, y) ∈ N × N; x and y have atleast two for x ∈ (0, 1), LHS < 0
common divisors} x > 1      LHS > 0
For Reflexive for x = 1 the equation holds.
(d) Let equation of line whose gradient is ‘m’
Each and every natural number greater than 100
y = mx + c
is related to itself and have atleast two common
It passes thought the points (m, – 9) and (7, m)
divisors (1 or itself)
m+9
So, R is Reflexive =
gradient = m ⇒ –9 = m2 + c  ...(i)
7−9
For Symmetric
and (7, m) lies on the line
(a, b) ∈R ⇒ (b, a) ∈R ⇒  m = 7m + c
For Transitive ⇒     c = – 6m ...(ii)
From equation (i) & (ii), we get
Let a = 101, b = 101 × 102 and c = 102 × 103
  m2 – 6m + 9 = 0
(a, b) ∈R and (b, c) ∈ R ⇒ (m – 3)2 = 0
But (a, c) ∉ R ⇒     m=3
So, R is not transitive Only one value of m

156 JEE-Advanced–XII PW
 11. (a, c) 12. (b, c)
For f(x) to be defined

x 2 + 2x − 3
> 0 and [2tanp x] > 0 and ex
4x 2 − 4x − 3
π
[2tan x] ≠  1 and px ≠ (2n +1) , n∈I
2
x 2 + 2x − 3 (x + 3)(x − 1) x=3
Now, 2
>0⇒ >0
4x − 4x − 3 (2x + 1)(2x − 3)

+ – + – +
–∞ –3 1 ∞
1 3 From graph we can say that minimum value of h(x)
−
2 2 = e3 = k
[k] = [e3] = 20
 1  3 
x ∈(–∞, –3) ∪  − ,1 ∪  , ∞  ...(i) Now, x2 – 20x + 75 < 0
 2  2 
x ∈ (5, 15)
1
[2tanpx] > 0 ⇒ tanpx >  ...(ii) 13. (a, d)
2
y
1 
[2tanpx] ≠ 1 ⇒ tanpx ∈  ,1  ...(iii)
2  f(x) = 24
24
From (ii) and (iii), we get f(x) = 20
20
tan px ≥ 1...(iv) f(x) = 16
(2n + 1) Graph of f(x)
x ≠ ,n ∈I ...(v) 12
2
Now, lets check possible values of n f(x) = 4
When n = – 5 x
–6 –2 0 2 6
 −19 −9 
x ∈  , 
 4 2 
14. (a, d) Let x2 – x – 12 = t
tanpx ∈ [1, ∞)
f(x) = t(t – 16) = t2 – 16t = (t – 8)2 – 64
which satisfies all the conditions
    = (x2 – x – 20)2 – 64
when, n = –1
f(x) = ((x – 5) (x + 4))2 – 64
 −3 −1  (A) Minimum value of f(x) = –64
x ∈  , 
4 2  (B) f(–x) ≠ –f(x)
tanpx ∈ (– ∞,1] → not possible (C) f(–4) = f(5) = –64, So f(x) is many one
when, n = 0 (D) Range of f(x) is [–64, ∞)

1 1  15. (a, d) g(x) = a(x – 3)2 + 1

x ∈  , 
4 2     g(2) = a + 1 = 3
tanpx ∈ [1, ∞)
⇒ a=2
which satisfies all the conditions     g(x) = 2(x – 3)2 + 1 = 2(x2 – 6x + 9) + 1
when, n = 1       = 2x2 – 12x + 19
5 3    h(lnx) = 2(x – 3)2 + 1
x ∈  , 
4 2  x → ex
which does not satisfies the equation (i) h(x) = 2(ex – 3)2 + 1
P Sets Relations and Functions 157
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 x ∈ (–∞, ln 3] ⇒ h(x) = [1, 19) → Range of g(x) is [0, p]
Range = co-domain

⇒ h(x) is invertible function
So, g(x) is onto function.
y = 2(ex – 3)2 + 1 → g(x) is neither increasing or decreasing so, g(x)
y –1 y –1 is many-one function.
⇒ ex = 3 +
,3–
2 2  
 g(x) 
 y –1   y –1  18. (a, c) log 2 g ( x ) =log 2 3 ⋅ log 3 1 + 
    x = ln  3 +  , ln  3 –   1
 2  2   g  
   x
as x ∈ (–∞, ln 3] g(x)
⇒ g(x) = 1 +
 y –1  1
x = ln  3 –
      
g 
  x
 2 
1 1
 x –1  g ( x ) .g =
 g(x) + g 
\ h–1(x) = ln  3 –
. x x
 2 

⇒ g(x) = 1 ± xn

f(x) + 5, f(x) < 0
16. (a, c) g(f(x)) = ⇒ g(5) = 1 ± (5)n = 126

2f(x) – 3, f(x) ≥ 0
  n = 3 ⇒ g(x) = 1 + x3
x+7 , x∈ [–3, –2) 19. (c, d)
7–x , x∈ (2, 3] A : lost one eye
2x + 1 , x∈ [–2, –1) B : lost one leg
g(f(x)) =
–1 , x∈ [–1, 1) C : lost an ear
–2x + 1 , x∈ [1, 2] D : lost an arm
n(A∩B)min = n(A) + n(B) – n(A∪B)max
y n(A∩B)min = 70 + 80 – 100 = 50
n((A∩B)∩C)min = n(A∩B) + n(C) – n((A∩B)∪C)max
= 50 + 85 – 100 = 35
n ( A ∩ B ∩ C ∩ D ) m i n = n ( A ∩ B ∩ C ) + n ( 0 )
 – n((A∩B∩C)∪D)max
1
x = 35 + 90 – 100 = 25
–3 –2 –1 1 2 3
Minimum value of x is 25.
–1 20. (a, d) A = {–3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3}
n(A) = 7
Total no. of reflexive relations = 2n2–n
n2 +n
Graph of f(x) Total no. of symmetric relations =
2 2
17. (b, c, d)
Integer/Numerical Type Questions
  x2 − x + 1  
–1
g(–x) = cos  log 3  2  
 16 − (x − 4) 2 − 1 − ( x − 7 )
2
  x + x +1 21. [5] We have f(x) =

g(–x) ≠ g(x)
Now consider y = 16 − (x − 4) 2
1   x – x +1 2
  g ( x )
–1
= g   cos
=  log 3  2 ⇒ (x – 4)2 + y2 = 16, y > 0
x   x + x +1 is a semi circle with cenre (4, 0) and radius = 4

158 JEE-Advanced–XII PW
 y
f(x) = f(0) = 0 from equation (i), we have 200 more
roots.

f(0) = f(4) = f(14) = ......... f(994)

O(0, 0)
f(0) = f(–6) = f(–16) = f(–26) = ......... = f(–996)
x
(4, 0) (8, 0) No. of roots = 200
Total roots in (–1000, 1000) = 401
2
   y = 1 − ( x − 7 )  x   2x  9x
23. [1] [sin x] +  + = ...(i)
⇒ (x – 7)2 + y2 = 1, y > 0  2π   5π  10π
is a semi circle with centre (7, 0) and radius = 1
 x   2x 
y So, [sin x] +  + = {9,10,11}
 2 π   5π 
O(0, 0)
I = {−1,0,1} I = {4,5,6} I = {3, 4,5}

x Now when x = 10p
6 7 8
10π   20π 
[sin10π] + 
+  = 0 + [5] + [4] = 9
Now on combining the 2 figures, we have  2 π   5π 
y So, at x = 10p
R.H.S = L.H.S
100π  100π  100π   200π 
O(0, 0) =
At x , sin + +
x 9  9   18π   45 
4 6 7 8
 π
= 9 +  − sin
≠ 10
 9 
Now [f(x)]max = maximum vertical distance between
the 2 curves which occurs when x = 6. 110π  110π  110π   220π 
=
At x , sin + +
2 9  9   18π   45 

∴ [f(x)]max = 16 − ( 6 − 4 ) − 0= 12= 2 3
 2π 
Hence, here
= m 2= and n 3 =
10 + sin ≠ 11
 9 
∴m + n = 2 + 3 = 5
24. [3] For f(x) to be defined
22. [401] f(2 + x) = f(2 – x)  c osec x − 1  cosec x − 1

⇒ f(4 – x) = f(x)...(i)      log 1   ≥ 0 and >0
2  4cosec x + 5  4cosec x + 5
From f(7 + x) = f(7 – x)
 sec x − 1  sec x − 1

⇒ f(14 – x) = f(x)...(ii) and log 1   ≥ 0 and >0
2  4sec x + 5  4sec x + 5
From equation (i) and (ii), we get Now,

f(x + 10) = f(x) ...(iii)  cosec x − 1  cosec x − 1

log 1  ≥0⇒ ≤1
So period is 10
2  4cosec x + 5  4cosec x + 5
Now, replacing x by x + 10 and then x – 10 in equation
cosec x − 1 cosec x + 2
(iii)
⇒ −1 ≤ 0 ⇒ ≥0
4cosec x + 5 4cosec x + 5
Continuity in this ways, we get
 −5 

f(x + 10n) = f(x)(iv) cosec x ∈ ( −∞, −2] ∪ 
, ∞  ...(i)
for n = ± 1, ± 2, ± 3 ........  4 
Since, f(0) = 0 equation (iv) cosec x − 1
and >0

f(± 10) = f(± 20)...... = f(±1000) = 0.
4cosec x + 5

So, no. of roots = 201  −5 

⇒ cosec x ∈  −∞,  ∪ (1, ∞) ...(ii)
Now, x = 0, in equation (i)  4 
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 From (i) and (ii)
3± 9− 4 3± 5
cosec x ∈(–∞, –2] ∪ (1, ∞) =
x =
2 2
 −1 
sin x ∈ 
,1 − {0} ...(iii) For two distinct solutions either p –3 = 0 ⇒ p = 3
2 
or    1 < p – 3 < 5
Similarly for other conditions
        4 < p < 8
sec x ∈(–∞, –2] ∪ (1, ∞)
Hence p ∈ {3} ∪ (4, 8)
 −1 

⇒ cos x ∈  ,1 − {0}       p = {3, 5, 6, 7}
2 
⇒ Sum = 21
sin x ∈(–1, 1) – {0} ...(iv)
From equation (iii) and (iv) ...(v) (x 2 + x + 2)(x + 1)
26. [0] f(x) = ;  x ∈ R – {0}
(x 2 + x + 1)(x + 1)
 −1 
sin x ∈ 
,1 − {0}
2  x2 + x + 2
f(x) = ;     x ∈ R – {0, –1}

∀ x ∈(0, 2p)
x2 + x + 1

 7π   π  x2 + x + 2
x ∈  0, −  y =
 6   2  x2 + x + 1
which satisfies the equation (v) ⇒ (y – 1) x2 + (y – 1) x + y –2 = 0

So, x = 1, 2, 3 are the integral values of x.   y ≠ 1, D ≥ 0
1      (y – 1)2 – 4 (y – 1) (y – 2) = 0
25. [21] Consider y = x + −3
x
⇒ 1 < y ≤ 7/3
dy 1 At   x = 0 we get y = 2

⇒ =−1 =0
dx x2 x2 + x + 2
&       y = 2   ⇒ 2=
dy x2 + x + 1

∴   = 0 ⇒ x = 1 or − 1
dx
⇒ x (x + 1) = 0
As x → 0+, y → ∞ and x → 0–, y → –∞

⇒ x = 0, –1   (x ≠ 0, –1 ⇒ y ≠ 2)
1
Also roots of x + − 3 = 0 ⇒ x 2 − 3x + 1 = 0
x  7
Range =  1,  − {2}.
 3

2x 4 − 14x 2 − x + 49
27. [5]   f(x) =
x 4 − 7x 2 − 4x + 23

   f(x) =
(
2 x 4 − 7x 2 − 4x + 23 )
4 2
x − 7x − 4x + 23
3
⇒ f(x) = 2 + 4 2
x − 7x − 4x + 23

3− 5  Let h(x) = x4 – 7x2 – 4x + 23

Where A =  
 2     h(x) = 4x3 – 14x – 4 = 0
3+ 5  ⇒       2x3 – 7x – 2 = 0

and B =  
 2  ⇒    (x – 2)(2x2 + 4x + 1) = 0
1 1

⇒ x = 2, –1 – , −1+
2 2

160 JEE-Advanced–XII PW
 y when D = 0
y = |x2 – 4|
y

3 (0, 4)
x
1 1 2
−1 − −1 +
2 2
x
–2 0 2
-17 17
When 4 4
3
x → ∞, then f(x) = 2 + 2
=
g(x) → ∞
3 3 line and curve will touch
x = 2, then f(x) = 2 + = 2 + = 2 +1 = 3
g(2) 3
⇒ 1 – 4 (K – 4) = 0

So, Range of f(x) = (2, 3] 17

⇒      K =
28. [3] Let us consider f(x) = t 4
f(t) = 2 17
similarly, K = − for other side
4
t = –3, 3 for two distinct real roots

1  17   17 
f(x) = –3, ,3 K∈  −∞, −  ∪  , ∞ .
2  4  4 

y (2, 3) Comprehension Type

(–3, 2) (3, 2)
y=2 x3 x 2
31. (a) f(x) = + + ax + b ∀ x ∈ R
(1/2, 2) 3 2
(–1, 1) x
(–5, –1) 1 2 1
(5, –1) ⇒ f '(x) = 3 ⋅ x + 2 ⋅ x + a = x2 + x + a
3 2
f '(x) ≥ 0
2
⇒   (x + x + a) ≥ 0
Case 1: f(x) = –3 → no solution
1 D≤0
Case 2: f(x) = → 2 solution 1 – 4a ≤ 0
2
1
Case 3: f(x) = 3 → 1 solution
⇒        a ≥
4
29. [0] 78[x3 – 5] + 90[cos3(px) + sinpx – 5] = 169 1
So, minimum value of a =
⇒ 78[x3] – 390 + 90[cos3(px) + sinpx] – 450 = 169 4
⇒ 78[x3] + 90[cos3(px) + sin px] = 1009 32. (b) a = –1,
Let [x3] = p (where p ∈ I) x3 x 2
f(x) = + − x+b
and [cos3(px) + sin(px)] = q (where q ∈ I) 3 2
f '(x) = x2 + x – 1 (D > 0)
⇒ 78p + 90q = 1009
Hence, f(x) is many one and onto.
Last ligit of L.H.S. can not be 9
33. (a) f(x) is invertiable when f(x) is one-one and onto
So, no solution
30.  [21] When x2 – 4 = x – K 1 
So, a ∈  , ∞  and b ∈ R.
⇒ x2 – x + K – 4 = 0
4 
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 f(x) is always increasing
−3(g(x)) − 2, − ∞ < g(x) < 0
34. (a) h(g(x)) =  So, it is one-one function
 g(x) + 4, 0 ≤ g(x) ≤ 8
Range = co-domain
px 2 + 3, −∞ < x < −1 So, it is onto function
g(x) = 
 2x + q, −1 ≤ x < ∞ (B) f(x) = |x – 3| + |x|
h(g(x)) is not defined when g(x) > 8 y Many-one
when x ∈ (–∞, –1)
7 Into
then g(x) ∈ (p + 3, ∞)
5
Now, p + 3 > 8 ⇒ p > 5 3
⇒ p ∈ (5, ∞)
when, x ∈ (–1, ∞) x
–1 o 3 5
then g(x) ∈ (–2 + q, ∞)
Now, –2 + q > 8

⇒     q > 10
⇒     q ∈ (10, ∞)  0, x ∈ I
(C) [x] + [–x] = 
35. (c) When p = 4 and q = 6 −1, x ∉ I
4x 2 + 3, −∞ < x < −1  0, x∈I
g(x) =      f(x) = 
 2x + 6, −1 ≤ x < ∞ − sin (1), x ∉ I
−3(g(x)) − 2, −∞ < g(x) < 0    f(x) is many one and into.
h(g(x)) = 
 g(x) + 4,
( 1+ x )
0 ≤ g(x) ≤ 8 4
(D) g(x) = ln − x2
 2x + 6 + 4, x ∈ [−1,1]

h(g(x)) =  2 − 5
4x + 3 + 4, x ∈  2 , −1



g(x) = ln 


1
4

=
2 
 1+ x + x 
− ln ( 1+ x 4
+ x2 )

For ∀ x ∈ R
 2x + 10, x ∈ [−1,1]

h(g(x)) =  2 − 5            1 + x + x ≥ 1
4 2
4x + 7, x ∈  2 , −1
 
( 1+ x + x ) ≥ 0

4 2
So,     log
Range of h(g(x)) is [8, 12]

⇒ − log ( 1 + x + x ) ≤ 0
36. (b) For x ∈ [1, 3] and q = 3
4 2
     h(x) + g(x) = 12
⇒    2x + q + x + 4 = 12 Range of g(x) is (–∞, 0]
⇒        3x + 7 = 12 So, it is onto
5 g(x) is many one because it gives same value for
x=
⇒        
3 x = 1 and –1.
38. (d) (A) 8 + 4 3 = ( 6 + 2) 2
Matrix Match
37. (c)  (A) f : (2, ∞) → (3, ∞)
⇒ 8+4 3 = 6+ 2

13 − 4x + x 2
( )
f(x) = 2
8−4 3 =
6− 2
Range of g(x) = 13 – 4x + x2 is (9, ∞) ∀ x ∈ (2, ∞)
So, Range of f(x) is (3, ∞)  
⇒    8 − 4 3 = 6 − 2
1(−4 + 2x)
=f '(x) > 0 ∀ x ∈ (2, ∞) 3 + 8log 1 2 2 =
0 ( )
2 13 − 4x + x 2 R

162 JEE-Advanced–XII PW
 ⇒ 8log 1 2 2 =
−3 ( ) (D) log(2x + 3) (6x2 + 23x + 21)
= 4 – log(3x + 7)(4x2 + 12x + 9)
R
−3
⇒ log 1 2 2 =
( ) 8
Here 6x2 + 23x + 21 = (2x + 3)(3x + 7)

and 4x2 + 12x + 9 = (2x + 3)2

R
−3
Now,
3 3
18
2 2=   ⇒ ( 2 ) 2=
(R ) 8
log(2x + 3)(2x + 3).(3x + 7)
R
3 8    = 4 – log(3x + 7)(2x + 3)2
×
⇒ (2) 2 3
R
=
⇒ log(2x + 3)(2x + 3) + log(2x + 3)(3x + 7)
 
⇒    R = 16 → (S) 1
= 4−2

log (2x +3) 3x + 7
1 1 1
(B) Let y = 4− 4− 4− ...
3 2 3 2 3 2
Let log(2x + 3)3x + 7 = t
2
1
⇒        1 + t = 4 –
⇒ y=
4− ×y t
3 2
⇒       t + t2 = 4t – 2

2 y 2 y
⇒ y =4−
⇒y + −4=0 ⇒            t2 – 3t + 2 = 0

3 2 3 2
⇒   t2 – 2t – t + 2 = 0

8 −3
⇒ y = and
(Rejected)
⇒      (t – 2)(t – 1) = 0
3 2 2
        t = 1 & t = 2

Now,

Now log(2x + 3)3x + 7 = 1
 1 8 
6 + log 3 
× 
⇒          3x + 7 = 2x + 3
2
3 2 3 2
4
⇒ x = −4
= 6 + log 3   = 6 − 2 = 4 → (P)

9
2  → Not possible because 3x + 7 < 0
(C) log4(x – 1) = log2(x – 3)    log(2x + 3)(3x + 7) = 2
1         3x + 7 = (2x + 3)2
⇒
log 2 (x −=
1) log 2 (x − 3)
2 ⇒         4x2 + 9x + 2 = 0

⇒           (x – 1) = (x – 3)2
⇒ (4x + 1)(x + 2) = 0
⇒     x2 – 6x + 9 = x – 1
⇒    x2 – 7x + 10 = 0
1
x= −
   or x = −2 → Not possible
⇒ (x – 2)(x – 5) = 0 4
⇒          x = 2, 5 1  1
   x = 2 (rejected) So, x = − only possible k = − 
4  4
   x = 3 is only solution
So,     k = 1  1
Now 4k + 4 = 4 ×  −  + 4 = 4 – 1 = 3 → (R)
⇒  8k = 8 → (Q)  4

P Sets Relations and Functions 163

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