Introduction to PHYSICS (II)

Important Definitions in Physics:

Physical quantities

A physical quantity is a property of a material or system that can be

quantified by measurement. A physical quantity can be expressed as a
value and a unit of measurement.

Can you guess about examples of a physical property?

………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
What is the physical unit?

Units are standards for expressing and comparing the measurement of physical quantities.

Now can you express and example of each of the mentioned physical
properties? (Using magnitude and unit)

………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………

Types of units used in physics:

1- Fundamental Units
There are seven fundamental physical quantities that are measured in base or physical
fundamental units:
2- Derived unit
A unit of measurement obtained by multiplication or division of the
base units of a system without the introduction of numerical factors.

Example:

speed meters per second m/s length / time

Can you try this:

Prefixes:

Let’s try it:

Let’s try more:

 1- 500 nm= …………………….………….m
2- 3.9 GHz = ……………………..………..Hz.
3- 32 kg = ……….. ………………………..g.
4- 8.2 L = …………………………………..mL
5- 780 mm = ………………………………m
6- 2.3 pL = ……………………………….. L
7- 3570 cm = …………………………….. m
8- 6.9 Km = …………………………………m
9- 60.3 Hz = ……………………………… GHz
10- 2 dm = ………………………………. … m

Types of physical quantities

Describe the following quantities as scalar or vector:

Time – Mass – Force – Time – Length – Volume – Speed – Velocity –

Friction – Weight – Area – Energy – Displacement – Width – Pressure –
Density – Temperature.

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Physical Equation:

Physics equation represents a relationship among symbols by

modelling conceptual knowledge of physics mathematically.
Example:
- Speed = distance/ time
- Weight = mass × g
- Density = mass / Volume
How to solve any problem by using equations:
Try to solve the following problems :
1- You arrive in my class 45 seconds after leaving math which is 90 meters away.
How fast did you travel? (Knowing that speed = distance / time )

Given : Required Formula Solution

2- You need to get to class, 200 meters away, and you can only walk in the
hallways at about 1.5 m/s. (if you run any faster, you’ll be caught for running).
How much time will it take to get to your class?
(Knowing that speed = distance / time )
Given : Required Formula Solution

3- How far can your little brother get if he can travel at 2.5 m/s and in 5 seconds you
will discover that his squirt gun has run out of paint?
(Knowing that speed = distance / time )
Given : Required Formula Solution

4- What is the density of a cube of sugar weighing 11.2 grams measuring 2 cm on a

side? (Knowing that Density = mass / volume )
Given : Required Formula Solution
 Let’s make it harder :
Solve the following problems by using the suitable kinematic equations.

1- An airplane accelerates down a runway at 3.20 m/s2 for 32.8 s until is finally lifts off the ground.
Determine the distance traveled before takeoff. (d = 1720 m)

Given : Required Formula Solution

2- A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly over a time of 5.21 seconds for a distance of
110 m. Determine the acceleration of the car. (a = 8.10 m/s2)

Given : Required Formula Solution

3- A race car accelerates uniformly from 18.5 m/s to 46.1 m/s in 2.47 seconds. Determine the
acceleration of the car and the distance traveled. (a = 11.2 m/s2 and d = 79.8 m)

Given : Required Formula Solution

4- A car traveling at 22.4 m/s skids to a stop in 2.55 s. Determine the skidding distance of the car .
(d = 28.6 m)

Given : Required Formula Solution

5- Ben Rushin is waiting at a stoplight. When it finally turns green, Ben accelerated from rest at a
rate of a 6.00 m/s2 for a time of 4.10 seconds. Determine the displacement of Ben's car during
this time period. (50.4 m)

Given : Required Formula Solution

6- A car sits at rest waiting to merge onto a highway. When they have a chance, they
accelerate at 4 m/s24 m/s2 for 7 s7 s. What is the car’s final velocity? (28 m/s)
Given : Required Formula Solution

7- A car slows down its motion from 10 m/s to 6 m/s in 2 seconds under constant acceleration.

(a) What is its acceleration?

(b) How far did the car travel during this time interval?

Given : Required Formula Solution

8- A moving object slows down from 12m/s12m/s to rest at a distance of 20 m. Find the
acceleration of the object

Given : Required Formula Solution