CHAPTER 3

In this study, we detail the methodology employed in the development of interlocking bricks, a
fundamental component of our research aimed at advancing sustainable and innovative construction
practices. The creation of interlocking bricks is a multifaceted endeavor that requires a systematic and
well-structured approach. In this section, we outline the procedures, techniques, and tools utilized to
conceptualize, design, and manufacture interlocking bricks with a focus on enhancing their structural
integrity, durability, and ecological footprint. Our methodology encompasses various stages, including
material selection, design and prototyping, manufacturing processes, quality control, and testing, all of
which are vital in the pursuit of eco-friendly and cost-effective construction solutions."

Mixture for making the bricks.

When making bricks, the choice of mixture depends on the construction method. For traditional
hollow block making, the mixture typically includes cement, sand, gravel, and water, and may
incorporate admixtures for enhanced properties. Interlocking brick making, on the other hand, does not
use mortar and relies on unique shapes and features to create a secure bond. The mixture for
interlocking bricks mainly consists of Portland cement, compressing sand, and water. The bricks are
formed by mixing and compressing sand, soil, and cement without baking.

PLAN FOR ATTAINING THE OVERALL OBJECTIVES:

Determine Construction Method:

Understand the specific construction method you will use, whether it's traditional hollow block
making or interlocking brick making. This choice will influence the mixture and approach.

Materials Sourcing:

Procure the necessary materials for the chosen method, including cement, sand, gravel, and
water for traditional hollow block making, or Portland cement, compressing sand, and water for
interlocking brick making. Ensure the quality and quantity of materials meet project requirements.

Mixture Preparation for Interlocking Bricks:

Determine the right proportions of Portland cement and compressing sand, typically a mixture of 6 MM
baby metal (aggregate) and water.
Use a machine to mix and compress the sand, soil, and cement thoroughly.
Ensure that the mixture has the correct consistency to form interlocking bricks.
Admixtures (Optional): If using traditional hollow block making, consider incorporating admixtures to
enhance properties like workability, compression strength, or setting time.
 Brick Production:

Depending on the chosen method, use molds for traditional hollow blocks or specialized
equipment for interlocking bricks to shape and produce the bricks. Ensure consistency and quality in the
production process.

Curing:

Allow the bricks to cure properly. For traditional hollow blocks, curing typically involves keeping
them moist for a specified time. For interlocking bricks, follow recommended curing procedures.

By following this plan and considering the construction method, materials, and quality control,
you can attain the stated objectives for making bricks while ensuring the durability and strength of the
structure, whether using traditional hollow block or interlocking brick technology.

To realize our vision of creating interlocking bricks using a cost-effective and efficient approach, we
intend to develop a manual brick-molding machine tailored to our specific needs. The design of this
machine is pivotal in achieving our objectives. Here is an overview of our design plan:

ISOMETRIC VIEW TOP VIEW

FRONT VIEW
Flowchart:
 OPERATIONS:

 Feeding System (Hopper/butngan sa mixed nga balas,water,sand….)

 Pressing Mechanism (manually operated by a person to apply pressure and form the bricks /
downpress)
 Mold Cavity (Hulmahanan) / Brick-Forming Chamber / Brick Formation
 Ejection System (up-press / a mechanism to release the pressed brick from the mold.
It can be a manual lever or a spring-loaded system.
 Curing (Optional) / Pasagdan sa taod-taod: Depending on the design, the brick may need some
time to cure or set before removal. This could involve leaving the brick in the mold for a short
period.
 Removing the Brick: Once the brick has set, release the lever and carefully
remove the formed brick from the mold.

COMPONENTS:

 Compact Base or Platform:

 Frame / Supports and Braces
 Hopper
 Lever or Handle (lever system for manual pressing)
o Attach a handle for the user to operate easily.
o Include a pressing plate to compact the clay or soil (downpress direction)
o a mechanism to release the pressed brick from the mold / It can be the same manual
lever or a spring-loaded system (up-press direction)
o
 Mold or Die: Brick-Forming Chamber
o A chamber where the concrete mixture is shaped into bricks. It contains molds or dies
that give the bricks their desired shape and interlocking features.
o Either to have one or two more molds

Other components that might be attached and add:

- Mixing Tray / Mixer

- Concrete Loading Area
- Manual placement daw

References:
https://pinoybuilders.ph/how-to-make-hollow-blocks/
https://toughie.in/how-are-interlocking-bricks-made/#:~:text=Interlocking%20bricks%20are%20not
%20made,(aggregate)%2C%20and%20water.