IoT Technologies In Chandraayan-3

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of interrelated computers, devices,

and objects that are provided with unique identifiers and the ability to transfer data
over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer
interaction.

Chandrayaan-3, India's third lunar exploration mission would also use some of the
IoT components to enhance communication abilities, navigation and data
collecting abilities of the spacecraft.

IOT in Chandrayaan-3:
- Communication System: Communication and networking system is very
important for any spacecraft or satellite, IoT helps to collect data or transfer or
exchange with Watson from IBM.

- Navigation system: Lunar navigation.

- Docking System: Docking plays a vital role wherever the spaceships or rocket
are docking in space and checking whether there are any damages in that area.

In preparation for the mission, India’s space agency has signed a contract with the
Indian Institute of Astrophysics to develop and implement IoT components in the
space agency’s data center operations.

Overview Of IOT Components

Sensors: The Chandrayaan-3 is equipped with sensors for collecting data about the
environment of the Moon. This includes the temperature of the Moon, the pressure
of the Moon, the radiation level around the Moon, and the strength of the magnetic
field of the Moon. These sensors are connected to the central computer system on
the spaceship of Chandrayaan-3 using the IoT protocols. The data is transferred in
real-time to the Earth.

Actuators: The IoT actuators help in controlling the different mechanisms/ moving
parts of the satellite of Chandrayaan-3 such as the camera, solar panels, and the
Rover of the Chandrayaan-3. This means even if the sensors of the Chandrayaan-3
are not near the Earth, it can still be operated from here.
Communication Modules: The IoT communication module helps Chandrayaan-3
in transmitting data to the Earth. The communication module helps in
communicating with other space satellites which are present around the Moon’s
orbit. The IoT communication module is connected to the computer system and the
sensors to receive the data or information and send it to the required place. The
data will either be sent to the computer system for being examined or will be sent
to the Earth or to other Satellites around the Moon’s orbit.

Some specific components of IoT used in Chandrayaan-3 will

include:
Laser Inertial Referencing and Accelerometer Package (LIRAP): The LIRAP
provides Chandrayaan-3 with the essential navigation and attitude data that it
require for landing safely on the moon.

Ka-Band Altimeter (KaRA): The KaRA is a radar altimeter that measures the
distance between Chandrayaan-3 and the moon’s surface, which is important for
controlling the spacecraft’s descent and landing.

Lander Position Detection Camera (LPDC): The LPDC helps the lander to
understand its position on the moon’s surface, which helps it to navigate and avoid
obstacles.

Lander Hazard Detection and Avoidance Camera (LHDAC): The LHDAC

provides images of the moon’s surface, and the lander can use the images to avoid
the hazards, such as rocks and craters on the surface.

Laser Altimeter (LASA): The LASA measures the height of the moon’s surface,
which helps to create a map of the moon and study its topography.

Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV): The LDV measures the velocity of

Chandrayaan-3, and makes sure that the spacecraft is going in a controlled and
precise way.

Lander Horizontal Velocity Camera (LHVC): The LHVC measures the velocity
of the lander in horizontal way, and ensures that the lander lands safely on the
moon’s surface.

Micro-Star Sensor: The Micro-Star Sensor measures the attitude (orientation) of

the Chandrayaan-3, which helps the spacecraft to navigate and maintain its
direction.
Inclinometers and touchdown sensors: Inclinometers measure how tilted the
lander is, and touchdown sensors get activated only when the lander touches down
the lunar surface.

The IoT components that make up the integral part of

Chandrayaan-3 include:
Connect to Earth: Real-time information about Moon and images and videos can
be sent to Earth by using the IoT communication module in Chandrayaan-3.
Through these systems, the scientists and space researchers get the updated
information of moon about the Survey of Moon's surface sample and they can
collect the scientific information from sensors in the spacecraft and lunar
environment can be observed.

Navigation accurately: Chandrayaan-3 securely landed on the Moon with the help
of accurate navigation and attitude data from IoT sensors. These systems are only
the key of success behind the landing of any spacecraft on Moon.

More Data: In the astronautics world, everybody is familiar with the fact that
mission collector means life. Actually, IoT sensors are the devices for
Chandrayaan-3 which will make survive each individual persons, who are involved
in the process of sending spacecraft to Moon.

Obviously we can say that IoT play the important role in satellite networks in term
of sending the vast amount of images or videos stream from space, receiving space
science data or to recover the precious part of lunar environment.

Conclusion
The Internet of Things (IoT) components used in the Chandrayaan-3 represents the
innovative technology used in modern space mission. Its use plays a crucial role
for the communication with earth and navigation of the satellite, where the system
must have capabilities of navigating stuffs accurately. The IoT components which
were used helps to receive the data from the surrounding environment and also the
internal sensor. Such type of system helps to collect the data from the surrounding.
The IoT components used in the Chandrayaan 3 exhibits the importance of IoT in
the space and of course for other type of demanding applications.