CHANAKYA CLASSES

𝝅 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 3
1.In the interval 𝟐 < 𝑥 < 𝜋, find the value of x for which the matrix [ ] is singular.
1 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥

2.If A is a skew-symmetric matrix of order 3, then prove that 𝒅𝒆𝒕 𝑨 = 𝟎.

3.If A and B are square matrices of order 3 such that |𝑨| = – 𝟏, |𝐵| = 3, then find the value of |2𝐴𝐵|.

4.If A is a 𝟑 × 𝟑 matrix and |𝑨| = −𝟐, then the value of |𝑨(𝒂𝒅𝒋 𝑨)| is
(a)−𝟐 (B) 2 (C) – 𝟖 (D) 8
𝟏
5.If A and B are invertible matrices of order 3, |𝑨| = 𝟐and |(𝑨𝑩)−𝟏 | = − 𝟔.find |𝑩|.

6.If A is an invertible matrix with |𝑨| = 𝟒, then write the value of 𝒅𝒆𝒕(𝑨−𝟏 ).

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
7.Find the maximum value of |𝟏 𝟏 + 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝜽 𝟏 |
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 + 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽

8.For what values of k, the system of linear equations 𝒙 + 𝒚 + 𝒛 = 𝟐, 𝟐𝒙 + 𝒚 − 𝒛 = 𝟑,

𝟑𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 + 𝒌𝒛 = 𝟒 has a unique solution?

𝟑 𝟏 𝟐
9.If 𝑨 = [𝟑 𝟐 −𝟑]. Find 𝑨−𝟏. Hence, solve the system of equations
𝟐 𝟎 −𝟏

𝟑𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 + 𝟐𝒛 = 𝟏, 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟒, 𝟐𝒙 – 𝟑𝒚 – 𝒛 = 𝟓

𝟏 −𝟏 𝟐 −𝟐 𝟎 𝟏
10.Use product [𝟎 𝟐 −𝟑] [ 𝟗 𝟐 −𝟑]to solve the system of equations
𝟑 −𝟐 𝟒 𝟔 𝟏 −𝟐

𝒙 + 𝟑𝒛 = 𝟗, – 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 – 𝟐𝒛 = 𝟒, 𝟐𝒙 – 𝟑𝒚 + 𝟒𝒛 = – 𝟑

11.If A is a square matrix such that 𝑨𝟐 = 𝑰, then find the simplified value of (𝑨 − 𝑰)𝟑 + (𝑨 + 𝑰)𝟑 − 𝟕𝑨.

𝟑 𝟐 𝟎
12.If 𝑨 = [𝟏 𝟒 𝟎], show that 𝑨𝟐 − 𝟕𝑨 + 𝟏𝟎𝑰𝟑 = 𝑶,hence find 𝑨−𝟏 .
𝟎 𝟎 𝟓
𝟐 −𝟏 −𝟏 −𝟖 −𝟏𝟎
13.Find matrix A, if ( 𝟏 𝟎 ) 𝑨 = ( 𝟏 −𝟐 −𝟓 )
−𝟑 𝟒 𝟗 𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟓
 CHANAKYA CLASSES
Solutions

2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 3 3 3
1.Sol. Given, | | = 0 ⇒ 4𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 − 3 = 0 ⇒ 4𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 = 3 ⇒ 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 = ⇒ sin 𝑥 = ± √
1 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 4 2

𝜋 √3
Since, < 𝑥 < 𝜋. So, 𝑥 lies in 2nd quadrant. Hence, sin 𝑥 =
2 2

0 𝑎 𝑏
2.Sol. Any skew symmetric matrix of order 3 is 𝐴 = [−𝑎 0 𝑐 ] ⇒ |𝐴| = −𝑎(𝑏𝑐 ) + 𝑎(𝑏𝑐 ) = 0
−𝑏 −𝑐 0
(OR) since A is a skew-symmetric matrix ∴ 𝐴𝑇 = −𝐴
∴ |𝐴𝑇 | = |−𝐴| = (−1)3 . |𝐴| ⇒ |𝐴| = |−𝐴| ⇒ 2|𝐴| = 0 ⇒ |𝐴| = 0.
3.Sol. |2𝐴𝐵| = 23 |𝐴𝐵| = 8|𝐴||𝐵| = 8(−1)(3) = −24.
#We have used |kA| = kn |A|, where n is order of A. Also |AB| = |A||B|.
4.Sol: |𝐴. (𝑎𝑑𝑗𝐴)| = |𝐴||𝑎𝑑𝑗𝐴| = |𝐴| × |𝐴|𝑛−1 = |𝐴|𝑛 = (−2)𝑛 , where n is the order of matrix A.
1 1 1 1
5.Sol: As |𝑃−1 | = |𝑃| ∴ |(𝐴𝐵)−1 | = |𝐴𝐵| = |𝐴||𝐵| = 2×|𝐵|
1 1 1
Also, since |(𝐴𝐵)−1 | = − 6 𝑠𝑜, 2×|𝐵| = − 6 ∴ |𝐵| = −3.
1
6.Sol: We know that, 𝑑𝑒𝑡(𝐴−1 ) = (𝑑𝑒𝑡 𝐴)−1 = 4−1 = 4
1 1 1
7.Sol. Let 𝛥 = |1 1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 1 | By 𝑅1 → 𝑅1 − 𝑅2 , 𝑅2 → 𝑅2 − 𝑅3
1 1 1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃
0 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 0
⇒ 𝛥 = |0 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 | Expanding along R1,
1 1 1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃
1
⇒ 𝛥 = 0 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 (0 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃) + 0 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 = 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 𝜃
1 1 1
Now as −1 ≤ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 𝜃 ≤ 1𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝜃 ∈ 𝑅 ⇒ − 2 ≤ 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 𝜃 ≤ 2 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝜃 ∈ 𝑅

Clearly, maximum value of 𝛥 𝑖𝑠 1/2.

1 1 1
8.Sol: Let 𝐴 = (2 1 −1), which is matrix formed by the coefficients of x, y & z in the system of eqs.
3 2 𝑘
1 1 1
For unique solution, |𝐴| ≠ 0 so, |2 1 −1| ≠ 0 ⇒ 1(𝑘 + 2) − 1(2𝑘 + 3) + 1(4 − 3) ≠ 0
3 2 𝑘
⇒ 𝑘 + 2 − 2𝑘 − 3 + 1 ≠ 0 ∴ 𝑘 ≠ 0.
3 1 2
9.Sol: For the given matrix A, |𝐴| = |3 2 −3| = 3(−2) − 1(3) + 2(−4) = −17 ≠ 0 ∴ 𝐴−1 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑠.
2 0 −1
[1½]
 CHANAKYA CLASSES
Consider Aij be the cofactor of the element 𝑎𝑖𝑗 of matrix A.
𝐴11 = −2, 𝐴12 = −3, 𝐴13 = −4, 𝐴21 = 1, 𝐴22 = −7, 𝐴23 = 2𝐴31 = −7, 𝐴32 = 15, 𝐴33 = 3

−2 1 −7
∴ 𝑎𝑑𝑗. 𝐴 = [−3 −7 15 ] [2]
−4 2 3
−2 1 −7 2 −1 7
𝑎𝑑𝑗.𝐴 1 1
So, 𝐴−1 = = [−3 −7 15 ] = [3 7 −15]
|𝐴| −17 17
−4 2 3 4 −2 −3
[1/2]
Now consider the equations: 3𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 2𝑧 = 1, 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 4,2𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 𝑧 = 5
3 3 2 1 𝑥
Let 𝑃 = [1 2 0 ] = 𝐴𝑇 , 𝐵 = [4] 𝑎𝑛𝑑, 𝑋 = [𝑦]
2 −3 −1 5 𝑧
Since 𝑃𝑋 = 𝐵 ⇒ 𝑋 = 𝑃−1 𝐵 = (𝐴−1 )𝑇 𝐵 [∵ 𝑃−1 = (𝐴𝑇 )−1 = (𝐴−1 )𝑇
[1/2]
2 3 4 1 34 𝑥 2
1 1
So, 𝑋 = 17 [−1 7 −2] [4] ⇒ 𝑋 = 17 [17 ] ⇒ [𝑦 ] = [1 ]
7 −15 −3 5 −68 𝑧 −4
[1]
By equality of matrices, we get: 𝑥 = 2, 𝑦 = 1, 𝑧 = −4.
[1/2]
1 −1 2 −2 0 1 1 −1 2 −2 0 1
10.Sol: Let 𝐴 = [0 2 −3] , 𝐵 = [ 9 2 −3] ∴ 𝐴𝐵 = [0 2 −3] [ 9 2 −3]
3 −2 4 6 1 −2 3 −2 4 6 1 −2
1 0 0
⇒ 𝐴𝐵 = [0 1 0]. That is, 𝐴𝐵 = 𝐼 …(i)
0 0 1
Consider the given systems of equations: +3𝑧 = 9, −𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 2𝑧 = 4, 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 4𝑧 = −3
1 0 3 𝑥 9
These equations can be expressed as: 𝑃𝑋 = 𝐷 where 𝑃 = [−1 2 −2] , 𝑋 = [𝑦 ] , 𝐷 = [ 4 ]
2 −3 4 𝑧 −3
𝐵𝑦(𝑖), 𝐴𝐵 = 𝐼 ⇒ 𝐴−1 = 𝐵
Therefore, 𝑋 = 𝑃−1 𝐷 = (𝐴𝑇 )−1 𝐷 = (𝐴−1 )𝑇 𝐷 [
∵ 𝑃 = 𝐴𝑇 ∴ 𝑃 −1 = (𝐴−1 )𝑇 = 𝐵𝑇
−2 9 6 9 𝑥 0
So, 𝑋 = [ 0 2 1 ][ 4 ] ⇒ [𝑦 ] = [5]  by equality of matrices :𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 5, 𝑧 = 3
1 −3 −2 −3 𝑧 3
11.Sol: Here 𝐴2 = 𝐼 = 𝐴. 𝐴 …(i)
Let 𝑃 = (𝐴 − 𝐼 )3 + (𝐴 + 𝐼 )3 − 7𝐴 = (𝐴 − 𝐼 )(𝐴 − 𝐼 )(𝐴 − 𝐼 ) + (𝐴 + 𝐼 )(𝐴 + 𝐼 )(𝐴 + 𝐼 ) − 7𝐴
 CHANAKYA CLASSES
 = (𝐴. 𝐴 − 𝐴. 𝐼 − 𝐼. 𝐴 + 𝐼. 𝐼 )(𝐴 − 𝐼 ) + (𝐴. 𝐴 + 𝐴. 𝐼 + 𝐼. 𝐴 + 𝐼. 𝐼 )(𝐼 + 𝐴) − 7𝐴
 = (𝐴2 − 𝐴 − 𝐴 + 𝐼 )(𝐴 − 𝐼 ) + (𝐴2 + 𝐴 + 𝐴 + 𝐼 )(𝐼 + 𝐴) − 7𝐴
 = (𝐼 − 2𝐴 + 𝐼 )(𝐴 − 𝐼 ) + (𝐼 + 2𝐴 + 𝐼 )(𝐼 + 𝐴) − 7𝐴 [By (i)
 = 2(−𝐴 + 𝐼 )(𝐴 − 𝐼 ) + 2(𝐴 + 𝐼 )(𝐼 + 𝐴) − 7𝐴
 = 2(−𝐴. 𝐴 + 𝐴. 𝐼 + 𝐼. 𝐴 − 𝐼. 𝐼 ) + 2(𝐴. 𝐼 + 𝐴. 𝐴 + 𝐼. 𝐼 + 𝐼. 𝐴) − 7𝐴
 = 2(−𝐼 + 𝐴 + 𝐴 − 𝐼 ) + 2(𝐴 + 𝐼 + 𝐼 + 𝐴) − 7𝐴 = 4(𝐴 − 𝐼 ) + 4(𝐴 + 𝐼 ) − 7𝐴
 =𝐴 ∴ 𝑃 = 𝐴.
11 14 0 21 14 0 10 0 0 0 0 0
12.Sol: 𝐴2 − 7𝐴 + 10𝐼3 = [ 7 18 0 ] − [ 7 28 0 ] + [ 0 10 0 ] = [ 0 0 0] = 𝑂
0 0 25 0 0 35 0 0 10 0 0 0
Therefore, 𝐴2 − 7𝐴 + 10𝐼3 = 𝑂
1
We have, 𝐴2 − 7𝐴 + 10𝐼3 = 𝑂 ⇒ 𝐴−1 (𝐴2 − 7𝐴 + 10𝐼3 ) = 𝐴−1 . 𝑂 ⇒ 𝐴−1 = 10 (7𝐼 − 𝐴) ⇒ 𝐴−1 =
4 −2 0
[−1 3 0]
0 0 2
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
13.Sol: Clearly, order of A is 2 × 3. So, let 𝐴 = ( )
𝑑 𝑒 𝑓
2 −1 −1 −8 −10 2 −1 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 −1 −8 −10
Given, ( 1 0 ) 𝐴 = ( 1 −2 −5 ) ⇒ ( 1 0 ) (𝑑 𝑒 𝑓 ) = ( 1 −2 −5 )
−3 4 9 22 15 −3 4 9 22 15
2𝑎 − 𝑑 2𝑏 − 𝑒 2𝑐 − 𝑓 −1 −8 −10
⇒( 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 ) = ( 1 −2 −5 )
−3𝑎 + 4𝑑 −3𝑏 + 4𝑒 −3𝑐 + 4𝑓 9 22 15
By comparing the corresponding elements on both sides, we get
2𝑎 − 𝑑 = −1 ; 2𝑏 − 𝑒 = −8 ; 2𝑐 − 𝑓 = −10 and 𝑎 = 1 ; 𝑏 = −2 ; 𝑐 = −5
⇒ 𝑑 = 3; 𝑒 = 4; 𝑓 = 0 and 𝑎 = 1 ; 𝑏 = −2 ; 𝑐 = −5
1 −2 −5
Therefore, the required matrix is 𝐴 = ( )
3 4 0