NAME: GHALI SULEIMAN

REG. NO: NCOM2001029

COURSE TITLE: COMPUTER NETWORKING
COURSE CODE: COM221
QUESTION: Write a short note on the following;
- Internet
- Extranet
- Intranet
- Firewall
WHAT IS INTERNET
The Internet in essence is a network system of the interconnected computer systems
globally, that is available to everyone. These interconnected computer systems work by
sending data by way of a particular form of packet switching which is known as the IP or
the internet protocol.
ADVANTAGES OF THE INTERNET
1. Online Banking and Transaction
2. Education, online jobs, freelancing
3. Entertainment
4. GPS Tracking and google maps
DISADVANTAGES OF THE INTERNET
1. Time wastage
2. Bad impacts on health
3. Cyber Crimes.
4. Effects on children.
CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERNET
 It offers information 24 hours a day, and it can be accessed as long as there is a
connection.
 It is public by nature.
 It’s collaborative, meaning everyone can share information on the Internet.
 Its growth is unlimited and collaborative, allowing new connections to the
network in a shared way.
 TYPES OF THE INTERNET:-
1. Dialup connection
2. Leased line
3. Wireless or Wi-Fi
4. Broadband
5. Satellite
6. Cellular
EXTRANET
An extranet is a private network similar to an intranet, but typically open to external
parties, such as business partners, suppliers, key customers, etc. The main purpose of an
extranet is to allow users to exchange data and applications, and share information.
TYPES OF EXTRANETS
 Project extranets:
 Integration extranets: Allow companies to integrate internal enterprise software and
applications into a single extranet platform, often in real time, for collaboration among
multiple parties.
 Logistics extranets: Are collaborative platforms that let organizations manage logistics
processes across multiple stages.
 Financial extranets allow companies to exchange confidential financial data and perform
transactions securely and quickly.
 Employee information extranets can be used to disseminate important information and
tools like timesheets or employee suggestions.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF EXTRANET
1. Data security: Sharing confidential data is of utmost priority and the extranet
provides a safe environment for data sharing between the organizations.
2. Faster communication: Extranet allows to connect multiple organizations and
escalate the communication between them.
3. Flexibility: Extranet provides a flexible and scalable environment to work on for
everyone involved, which also increases the productivity of the organization.
4. Cost: It may decrease the cost of paperwork and travel to some extent.
5. Authentication: It provides authentication mechanisms like username and password.
Therefore, only authorized users can access the network.
ADVANTAGES
 Security: Extranet is formed as a Virtual private network (VPN) as it assures a
protected and secure communication across the network.
 Data: Sometimes there could be a large amount of data to be transferred between
organizations.
 Network Sharing: One or multiple organizations could connect via the extranet.
 Communication: It is a medium for internal and external members to connect or
organizations to connect to third parties.
DISADVANTAGE
 Complex Security: Extranet needs an additional firewall if hosted on its own server
which expands workload and complex security mechanism.
 Hosting: Hosting could be an issue as it requires a high bandwidth internet
connection.
 Expensive: It is costly compared to intranet due to the extra layer of security and
hosting charges.
 limited: It can only be accessed through the internet. So, the work would came to halt
or slow down if the internet goes down.
INTRANET
An intranet is a computer network for sharing information, easier communication,
collaboration tools, operational systems, and other computing services within an
organization, usually to the exclusion of access by outsiders.
Advantages of Intranet
- Improves Internal Communication
- Connects Your Company Across Locations and Time Zones
- Simplifies Employee Onboarding
- Provides Organizational Clarity
Disadvantages of Intranet
- Security Breaches
- Difficult Implementation and Adoption Process
- Costly and Time-Consuming
- Extensive Ongoing Management
TYPES OF INTRANETS
 IntrEnterprise Social Netwrok (ESN)
 Intranet portal
 Intranet 2.0
FIREWALL
A Firewall is a network security device that monitors and filters incoming and outgoing network
traffic based on an organization's previously established security policies. At its most basic, a
firewall is essentially the barrier that sits between a private internal network and the public
Internet.
TYPES OF FIREWALL
 Packet Filters (Stateless Firewall) − In the packet filters, if a packet matches then
the packet filters set of rules and filters will drop or accept it.
 Stateful firewall filters − It is also known as a network firewall; this filter maintains
a record of all the connections passing through.
 Application firewall − A web application firewall is used for HTTP applications.
There are sets of rules that are applied to monitor or block data packets from HTTP
network traffic.
ADVANTAGES OF FIREWALL
1. Monitor Traffic
2. Protection against Trojans
3. Prevent Hackers
4. Access Control
5. Better Privacy
DISADVANTAGES OF FIREWALL
1. Cost
2. User Restriction
3. Performance
4. Malware Attacks
5. Complex Operations