study highlights the potential of the developed technology to improve waste segregation

processes and reduce waste generation.

The study by Jimeno et al. (2021) focuses on developing a Smart Waste Bin Segregation

system using image processing. The aim is to assist waste segregation by identifying and

segregating waste based on machine learning algorithms. The prototype utilizes image

processing techniques to classify waste into three categories: biodegradable, non-biodegradable,

and unknown. The device is designed for school use and can be adapted for other establishments.

The accuracy tests conducted on the prototype yielded an overall accuracy of 97.33%. The study

highlights the potential of the developed system to alleviate waste segregation problems and

contribute to the development of an eco-friendlier society without compromising health and

hygiene.

Afolalu et al. (2021) focus on developing a smart waste bin for solid waste management.

The study aims to design a smart dustbin that can facilitate proper waste disposal without human

intervention. The smart waste bin integrates an Arduino microcontroller board with ultrasonic

sensors, an MQ-2 sensor, a servo motor, an LCD, and a GSM modem. The ultrasonic sensor

measures the height of the dust bin. When the waste reaches a pre-set level, the microcontroller

activates the GSM modem to send a message to a designated number. The status of the waste in

the bin is also displayed on the LCD. Using smart waste bins improves waste management

efficiency by ensuring timely waste collection and reducing the need for manual monitoring.

This contributes to maintaining cleanliness in the environment and minimizing overall

expenditure associated with waste collection.

 Aqilah et al. (2021) introduce the concept of the Smart Trash Can as an innovative waste

management system. The Smart Trash Can utilizes sensors to detect the types of waste, such as

organic, inorganic, and metal waste. The corresponding container automatically opens and closes

based on the detected waste type. The trash can also features an LCD to inform users about the

detected waste type, promoting proper waste disposal practices. Additionally, the trash can

incorporates a hand sanitizer box equipped with sensors to dispense sanitizer when a user's hand

is detected. The Smart Trash Can aims to increase public awareness and knowledge about waste

management while supporting global Su

stainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Huh et al. (2021) propose an IoT-based Smart Trash Separation Bin model to address

sanitation issues and reduce costs associated with trash separation. The study presents three

efficient designs utilizing sensor technology, image processing, or spectroscope technology.

These designs leverage IoT capabilities to streamline trash separation processes, resulting in

manpower and administrative cost reduction. By implementing smart trash bins, the proposed

model contributes to the development of smart cities and promotes efficient waste management

practices.

The study by Flores (2019) presents a comprehensive analysis of automated waste

segregation systems using machine learning. With waste management being a pressing issue, the

paper aims to review existing studies worldwide, examining the problems addressed, algorithms

used, and methodologies employed in waste segregation systems. By analyzing these studies, the

authors aim to determine the most suitable algorithm for future research in developing innovative
waste management systems. The paper highlights various methods, proposed systems for waste

segregation, and the limitations of existing systems and algorithms, providing opportunities for

generating new knowledge in this field.

Chandra and Tawami (2020) discuss the design of a smart trash bin to address the lack of

environmental consciousness and improper waste disposal in Indonesia. The researchers explore

solutions to increase people's interest in disposing of trash correctly by developing Smart Trash

Bins. These bins incorporate advanced technologies such as waste sorting and monitoring

systems to optimize waste collection and management. However, despite these efforts, public

engagement in using trash bins effectively remains a challenge. Rahmayanti et.. al. (2019) focus

on developing a prototype Smart Trash Can for efficient waste disposal in smart cities. The study

aims to create a trash can that can automatically identify and sort different types of waste. The

research involves designing and constructing the device and collecting and analyzing data.