Name: Md Tauqeer Alam

Roll No. : 21/11/EC/016.

Subject : Computer Networks

Q1. What is the IP address of your host? What is the IP address of the destination host?
Ans. Source Address: 142.250.192.36, Destination Address: 192.168.59.40

Q2. Why is it that an ICMP packet does not have source and destination port numbers?
Ans. Because ICMP is designed to communicate on the Network layer between source and
destinations and port numbers are available on the Transport Layer.

Q3. Examine one of the ping request packets sent by your host. What are the ICMP type
and code numbers? What other fields does this ICMP packet have? How many bytes are
the checksum, sequence number and identifier fields?
Ans. Type: 8 (Echo (ping) request)
Code: 0
Other Fields: Checksum, Checksum status, Identifier (BE), Identifier (LE), Sequence
Number (BE) Sequence Number (LE), Response frame number,
Timestamp from ICMP data, Timestamp from ICMP data (relative), Data.
Number of bytes in checksum: 2
Number of bytes in sequence number 2
Number of bytes in Identifier field : 2
Q4. Examine the corresponding ping reply packet. What are the ICMP type and code
numbers? What other fields does this ICMP packet have? How many bytes are the
checksum, sequence number and identifier fields?
Ans. Type: 0 (Echo (ping) reply)
Code: 0
Other Fields: Checksum, Checksum status, Identifier (BE), Identifier (LE), Sequence
Number (BE) Sequence Number (LE), Response frame number,
Response Time, Timestamp from ICMP data, Timestamp from ICMP data
(relative), Data.
Number of bytes in checksum: 2
Number of bytes in sequence number 2
Number of bytes in Identifier field : 2

Q5. What is the IP address of your host? What is the IP address of the target destination
host?
Ans. Source Address: 202.41.10.2
Destination Address: 10.102.141.98
Q6. If ICMP sent UDP packets instead (as in Unix/Linux), would the IP protocol number
still be 01 for the probe packets? If not, what would it be?
Ans. It would actually be different if ICMP sent UDP packets. Instead of 01 it would be
switched to 0X11.

Q7. Examine the ICMP echo packet in your screenshot. Is this different from the
ICMP ping query packets in the first half of this lab? If yes, how so?
Ans. The Echo Packets have the same ones as the ping query.

Q8. Examine the ICMP error packet in your screenshot. It has more fields than the ICMP
echo packet. What is included in those fields?
Ans. Yes more fields are included compared to the ICMP packets used to pinng, the extra fields are 4 bytes of more
data which has the data of IPv4. Header of the original packet whose response ICMP packet this is . it also 4 more
bytes of the UDP data of the request packet. The ping packet did not have these fields.

Q9. Examine the last three ICMP packets received by the source host. How are these
packets different from the ICMP error packets? Why are they different?
Ans. The type of ICMP is 3 whereas the type of ICMP in the other are 11, this is because all
the packets with type 11 are TTL Expired but the packets with type 3 are the packets where the
destination was unreachable.

Q10. Within the tracert measurements, is there a link whose delay is significantly longer
than others? Refer to the screenshot in Figure 4, is there a link whose delay is
significantly longer than others? On the basis of the router names, can you guess the
location of the two routers on the end of this link?
Ans. Yes some packets have more delay than others as highlighted here.