Writing and Balancing

Chemical Equations
 “If people are
doubting how
far you can go,
go so far that
you can’t hear
them anymore.”
—Michele Ruiz
OBJECTIVES
Write and Balance Chemical Equation
Apply the principles of conservation of
mass to chemical reactions
Classify chemical reactions according
to type
 NUBSMTIOOC
Arrange the
jumbled letters. MALIHECC

TOICNERA

GBNANLICA

GIRWNIT

VATINEOCONSR
 COMBUSTION
Arrange the
jumbled letters. CHEMICAL

REACTION

BALANCING

WRITING

CONSERVATION
What happens in a
chemical reaction?
 Chemicals react to
change

The "chemicals" in a chemical

reaction are elements or
compounds. They "react" when
combined or broken down.
 In the video, the presence of caustic soda
(NaOH) and water (H2O), potassium
permanganate (KMnO4)—which is purple in color
—reacts with sugar (C6H12O6) to form potassium
manganate (K2MnO4)—which is green in color.
As the reaction progresses, this new substance
keeps reacting with sugar, forming
manganese(IV) oxide (MnO2)—which is brown in
color.
Atoms in a Chemical Reaction
they rearrange
Some atomic bonds are broken,
and some new ones are made.

they are neither created

nor destroyed
This is the law of conservation of
mass. In a chemical reaction, the
total mass of the substances
before and after the reaction
remains the same.
 The quantity of elements and their atoms remain
the same before and after a chemical reaction.

no. of molecules no. of atoms

2H 2 + O2 2H 2 O
2 hydrogen 1 oxygen
molecules has molecule has
4 atoms 2 atoms two molecules
of water have
4 hydrogen atoms

and 2 oxygen atoms

 CHEMICAL FORMULA VS.
CHEMICAL EQUATION

a chemical equation tells the story of a chemical reaction

2H 2 + O 2 2H 2 O
chemical formula

an element is a pure a compound is a combination

substance and cannot be of pure substances
broken down into a new one
 YOUR GUIDE
to show combination

Tell the story

+ of reactants or
products;
“react with”

of the chemical to produce; to for; to

yield
reaction earlier.
CHARACTERS:
Who are the characters?
How did the "story" begin
reactants product
and end? Share your version
to a seatmate.
-the starting materials -the new substance
 Types of Chemical Reaction

decomposition combination

AB → A+ B A + B → AB
one compound breaks down two or more substances join
into two products and form one single substance

single-replacement

AB + C → AC + B
atoms of an element swap with atoms
of a second element in a compound
 Types of Chemical Reaction

double-replacement combustion

AB + CD → AD + CB C4H10+ O → CO2+ H2O

positive ions exchange when oxygen combines with
between two compounds hydrocarbon to form water and
carbon dioxide

acid-base

HCl+NaOH → NaCl=H2 O
takes place when acid and
bas react with each other
Following are different steps of writing a
chemical equation:
Step 1: Identify the type of reactant and product.
Step 2: Write the chemical formula for each of
the reactants and products.
Step 3: Count the number of each type of atom
in reactants and products.
Step 4: Balance the equation
Step 5: Check whether the reaction is balanced
or not.
Write the Chemical Equation

1. One methane molecule reacts with two oxygen

gas molecules to yield one carbon dioxide
molecules and two water molecules.

2. Iron and sulfur combine to form iron sulfide.

3. Iron reacts with copper sulfate and forms iron

sulfate and copper.
Balancing Equation
Chemical equations are balanced because the same
number and type of atoms are found on both sides of
the equation.
•Thus, equations obey the law of conservation of mass.
•Stoichiometric coefficients are used to balance
equations.

Only coefficients may be changed to balance equations.

•Subscripts cannot be changed because that would
change chemical identity.
Balancing Equation