CRIMINAL LAW 1

Atty. Aldrin Evangelista

Course Syllabus: Scope, application, and characteristics of criminal law

PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS (Article 2)

Definition and nature of criminal law Generality

Definition of criminal law Territoriality

Definition of crime Prospectivity

Attributes of a penal law

Sources of Philippine Criminal Law Rules of statutory construction in criminal law

The forerunner of the Revised Penal Code The doctrine of in dubio pro reo

a. Constitutional provisions on due process Marquez v. Rule of lenity

Sandiganbayan, 641 SCRA 175, January 31, 2011
Applicability of the Revised Penal Code to special penal
b. Void for Vagueness Doctrine laws (Article 10)

Estrada v. Sandiganbayan, 369 SCRA 394 November 19, Applicable jurisprudence

2011

FELONIES
Theories of criminal law
How crimes are committed (Article 3)
(i) Classical Theory
Definition and nature of felonies
(ii) Positivist Theory
Classification of felonies
(iii) Eclectic Theory
General elements of felony

Felonies by means of dolo

Power to define and punish criminal acts
Elements
(i) Police power;
Freedom
(ii) Salus populi est suprema lex
Intelligence
(iii) Nullum crimen nulla poena sine lege
Intent
(iv) Article 5

(v) Dura lex sed lex

Kinds of intent

Specific intents as elements of felony

Limitations of Congress to enact penal laws
Malice
Due process and equal protection clause
Malice as an element of the felony
Non-imposition of cruel and unusual punishment or
excessive fines; Non-imposition of death penalty; Bill of Discernment
attainder Motive
Ex-post facto law

Felonies by means of culpa

Criminal negligence; Mala in se and mala prohibita

How criminal liability is incurred (Article 4)

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Atty. Aldrin Evangelista

By committing a felony even if the crime is different Consummated stage

from what is intended

Requisites
Cases:
El que es causa de la causa es causa del mal causado
1. Baleros v. People, 483 SCRA 10, February 22, 2006
Proximate cause
2. Koh Tieach Heng v. People, 192 SCRA 533, December
Mistake of fact 21, 1990

Mistake in the identity 3. Epifanio v. People, G.R. No. 157057, 525 SCRA 552,
June 26, 2007
Error in personae
4. People v. Tui, et al., 216 SCRA 140, December 1, 1992
Aberratio ictus
5. People v. Trinidad, 169 SCRA 51, January 1989
Praeter intentionem

6. People v. Lopes, 312 SCRA 684 August 19, 1999

a. Distinction between motive and intent Salvador v.
People, 559 SCRA 461, July 23, 2008 7. People v. Ravelo, 202 SCRA 655, October 15, 1991

b. Distinction between mala in se and mala prohibita: 8. People v. Ortia, 184 SCRA 105, April 3, 1990
Bahalidad v. People, 615 SCRA 597, March 17, 2010
9. People v. Hangdaan, 201 SCRA 568 Sept. 13, 1991

10. People v. Campuhan, 329 SCRA 270 (2000)

Other Cases:
11. Valenzuela v. People, 525 SCRA 306, June 21, 2007,
1. Garcia v. CA, 484 SCRA 617, March 14, 2006 (En banc).

2. Estrada v. Sandiganbayan, 369 SCRA 394, November 12. People v. Enriquez, October 23 1997, 28 SCRA 103
19, 2001

3. Ysidoro v. People, G.R. 192330, November 14, 2012

Classification of felonies according to their gravity
4. Urbano v. IAC, 157 SCRA 1, January 7, 1988 (Articles 9 and 26)

5. Garcia v. People, 597 SCRA 392, August 28, 2009 Grave felonies

6. People v. Page, 77 SCRA 348, June 7, 1977 Less grave felonies

7. Intod v. CA, et al., 215 SCRA 52, October 21, 1992 Light felonies

8. Jacinto v. People, 592 SCRA 426, July 13, 2009, citing

Intod v. CA
CONSPIRACY AND PROPOSAL TO COMMIT CRIMES

Conspiracy and proposal as a crime (Article 8)

Impossible Crime
Conspiracies and proposals as crimes under the
Revised Penal Code and other special penal laws

Stages of execution (Article 6) Conspiracy as a means to commit crimes

Phases of execution Express conspiracy

Stages of execution Implied conspiracy

Attempted stage Chain conspiracy

Frustrated stage Wheel conspiracy

CRIMINAL LAW 1

Atty. Aldrin Evangelista

Read R.A. No. 10951 August 29, 2017 PERSONS CRIMINALLY LIABLE

Persons criminally liable (Article 16)

Cases: Principals (Article 17)

1. Go-Tan v. Sps. Perfecto and Juanita Tan, 567 SCRA (i) Principals by direct participation; ii) Principals by
231, September 30, 2008 inducement: (iii) Principals by indispensable
cooperation
2. People v. Moreno, 60 Phil. 712 (1934)
Accomplices (Article 18)
3. People v. Li Wai Cheung, 214 SCRA 504 October 13,
1992 Accessories (Article 19)

4. People v. Chowdhury, 326 SCRA 572, February 15, Anti-fencing Law (PD 1612)
2000
Obstruction of Justice (PD 1829)
5. Yu v. People, 438 SCRA 431, September 20, 2004,
Accessories exempt from criminal liability (Article 20)
6. Ladonga v. People, 451 SCRA 673, February 17, 2005

7. People v. Manlulu, 231 SCRA 701, April 22, 1994

MULTIPLE OFFENDERS
8. People v. So, 247 SCRA 708 (1995)
Recidivism (Article 14, par. 9)
9. People v. Gutual, 254 SCRA 37, February 22, 1986
Habituality (Article 14, par. 10)
10. Masipequina v. CA, 176 SRA 699, August 25, 1989
Quasi-recidivism (Article 160)
11. Paera v. People, 649 SCRA 384, May 30, 2011
Habitual delinquency (Article 62)
12. People v. Punzalan, 687 SCRA 687 December 10,
2012
PLURALITY OF CRIMES
13. Cabanlig v. Sandiganbayan, 464 SCRA 324, July 28,
2005 Complex crimes (Article 48)

14. Yapyuco v. Sandiganbayan, 624 SCRA 470, June 25, Compound crime; Complex crime proper
201
Special complex crimes (RA 7659)

Robbery with homicide; Robbery with rape; Rape with

Read R.A. No. 9262 – Anti-Violence Against Women homicide
and Children
Kidnapping with murder or homicide/serious physical
injuries; Kidnapping with rape; Carnapping with
homicide
15. People v. Marivic Genosa, GR No. 135982 January
15, 2004 Continuing crimes

16. Ang v. CA et al., 618 SCRA 592, April 20, 2010

17. Dabalos v. RTC Branch 59, Angeles City, 688 SCRA JUSTIFYING CIRCUMSTANCES
64, January 7, 2013
Justifying circumstances (Article 11)
18. Socorra v. Van Wilsen, 744 SCRA 516, December 16,
2014 Self-defense

Self-defense of chastity

Self-defense in libel

Self-defense of property; Defense of Relatives; Defense

of Stranger
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Atty. Aldrin Evangelista

State of Necessity; Fulfilment of Duty; Obedience to a Voluntary Surrender/Voluntary Plea;

Lawful Order; Battered Woman Syndrome (RA 9262) Offender is Deaf and Dumb or Blind;
Illness that Diminishes the Exercise of Will-Power;
Analogous and Similar Mitigating Circumstances
EXEMPTING CIRCUMSTANCES

Exempting circumstances (Article 12) Cases:

(i) Insanity or imbecility; (ii) Minority under RA No. 1. People v. Maglian, 646 SCRA 770, March 30, 2011
9344
2. People v. Agapinay, 186 SCRA 812, June 27, 1990
Accident
3. People v. Pajares, 210 SCRA 237 June 23, 1992
The compulsion of Irresistible Force; Impulse of
Uncontrollable Fear; Lawful or Insuperable Cause; 4. People v. Ignas, 412 SCRA 311, September 30, 2003
Absolutory Causes
5. Pelonio v. People, 521 SCRA 207, April 13, 2007
READ: Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006 (R.A.
No. 9344, as amended) 6. People v. Cañete, et al., 410 SCRA 544, September 11,
2003

7. Bacabac v. People, 532 SCRA 557, September 2007

RA 9344 “An Act Establishing a Comprehensive Juvenile
Justice and Welfare System” 8. People v. Cabalhin, 231 SCRA 486, March 28, 1994

9. People v. Real, 242 SCRA 671, March 24, 1995

Cases: 10. People v. Germina, 290 SCRA, May 19, 1998

1. People v. Jacinto, 645 SCRA 590, March 16, 2011 11. People v. Layson et al., 30 SCRA 92, October 31,
1969
2. People v. Nepomuceno, 298 SCRA 450, November 11,
1998 12. People v. Bautista, 254 SCRA 621, March 12, 1996

3. People v. Latosa, 621 SCRA 586, June 23, 2010 13. De Vera v. De Vera, 58 SCRA 506, April 7, 2009

14. People v. Magallanes, 275 SCRA 222, July 8, 1997

4. U.S. v. Vicente, 19 Phil. 118 15. People v. Pinca, 318 SCRA 270, November 17, 1999

a. Other absolutory causes.

b. Entrapment and Instigation a. Distinguish provocation (Par. 4) from vindication

(Par. 5)

b. Elements of voluntary surrender

MITIGATING CIRCUMSTANCES
1. Art. 152 of the RPC
Mitigating circumstances (Article 13)
2. B.P. Blg. 873
Incomplete Self-defense,
Defense of Relatives, and Defense of Strangers;
Incomplete Fulfilment of Duty or Lawful Exercise of c. Specific mitigating
Right or Office;
Minority (above 15 less than 18); d. Special mitigating
Offender had No Intention to Commit so Grave a
Wrong (Praeter Intentionem);
Sufficient Provocation or Threat on the Part of the
Offended Party;
Immediate Vindication of a Grave Offense;
Passion and Obfuscation;
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Atty. Aldrin Evangelista

AGGRAVATING CIRCUMSTANCES 4. Peopla v. Rios, 333 SCRA 823, June 19, 2000

Aggravating circumstances (Article 14) 5. People v. Uycoque, et al., 246 SCRA 769, July 31,
1995
(i)Take Advantage of Public Position;
(ii) Contempt or Insult to Public Authorities; 6. People v. Morales, GR. L-35413, November 7, 1979
(iii) Disregard of Rank, Age, or Sex and Dwelling of the
Offended Party; (iv) Abuse of Confidence and Obvious 7. People v. Molina, 311 SCRA517, July 28, 1999
Ungratefulness; 8. People v. Badilla, 185 SCRA 554, May 21, 1990
(v) Palace of the Chief Executive or in a Place of
Religious Worship; 9. People v. Caliso, 58 Phil. 283, July 1, 1933
(vi) Nighttime, Uninhabited Place, or Band;
10. People v. Ong, 62 SCRA 174, January 30, 1975
(vii) On Occasion of Calamity or Misfortune;
(viii) Aid of Armed Men;( ix) Recidivism; 11. People. v. Palon, 127 SCRA 529, Feb. 20, 1984
(x) Reiteracion or Habituality;
(xi) Price, Reward or Promise; 12. People v. Abdul, et al., 310 SCRA 246, July 13, 1999
(xii) By Means of Inundation, Fire, Poison, Explosion,
13. People v. Manlolo, 169 SCRA 394, January 26, 1989
etc.;
(xiii) Evident Premeditation; 14. People v. Lacao, et al., 201 SCRA 317, September 4,
(xiv) Craft, Fraud or Disguise; 1991
(xv) Abuse of Superior Strength or Means to Weaken
Defense; 15. People v. Palon, G.R. No. L-33271, February 20,
(xvi) Treachery; 1984
(xvii) Ignominy;
16. People v. Quiñanola, G.R. No. 126148, 306 SCRA
(xviii) Unlawful Entry;
710, May 5, 1999
(xix) Breaking Wall, Roof, Floor, Doors or Windows;
(xx) Aid of Persons under Fifteen Years of Age or by 17. U.S. v. Iglesia, 21 Phil. 55, December 14, 1911
Means of Motor Vehicles;
(xxi) Cruelty 18. People v. Fernandez, et al., 183 SCRA 511, March
22, 1990

19. People v. Carmina, 193 SCRA 429, January 28, 1991

Kinds of Aggravating circumstances

a. Generic aggravating
ALTERNATIVE CIRCUMSTANCES
b. Qualifying aggravating
Alternative circumstances (Article 15)
c. Specific aggravating
(i) Relationship; (ii) Intoxication
d. Inherent aggravating
(iii) Degree of instruction or education
e. Special aggravating
Applicable jurisprudence
f. The distinction between generic aggravating and
qualifying aggravating

g. Aggravating circumstances not provided under the Art. 16. Who is criminally liable
Revised Penal Code
1. Who are the participants of the crime

2. Three classes of principals

Cases:
3. Type of conspiracy
1. People v. Rebucan, 654 SCRA 726, July 27, 2011
4. Kinds of conspiracy
2. People v. Tac-an, 182 SCRA 601, February 26, 1990
5. Classes of principal by induction
3. People v. Bagsit, GR No. 148877, August 19, 2003
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Atty. Aldrin Evangelista
Cases:
1. People v. Mercado, 275 SCRA 581, July 1997
2. Lazarte v. Sandiganbayan, 377 SCRA 556, February
26, 2002
3. Estrada v. Sandiganbayan, 377 SCRA 556
4. People v. Guevarra, 179 SCRA 325, November 13,
1989
5. People v. Hernando, 317 SCRA 617, October 28, 1999
6. Macadangdang v. Sandiganbayan, 170 SCRA 300,
February 14, 1989
7. Astudillo v. People, 509 SCRA 302, November 30,
2006
8. People v. Federico, 247 SCRA 246, August 14, 1995
9. People v. Baharan, et al., 639 SCRA, January 10, 2011
10. People v. Agapinay, et al., 186 SCRA 812, June 27,
1990
Article 18. Accomplices
Cases:
1. People v. De Vera, 312 SCRA 640, August 18, 1999
2. People v. Agapinay, et al., 186 SCRA 812 June 27,
1990
3. People v. Toring, et al., 191 SCRA 38, October 26,
1990
4. People v. Magno, 322 SCRA 494, January 19, 2000
Article 19. Accessories
Cases:
1. People v. Maluenda, 288 SCRA 225, March 27, 1998
2. People v. Ortega, 276 SCRA 166, July 24, 1997
a. Anti-Fencing Law (P.D. No. 1612)
1. Pamintuan v. People, 234 SCRA 63, July 11, 1994
b. P.D. No. 1829, Sec. 1
Article 20. Accessories exempt from criminal liability.
PENALTIES IN GENERAL
Theories justifying penalty
Classification of Penalties and their Range (Article 25)
Duration of penalties (Article 27)
Duration of divisible penalties (Article 76)
Effects of penalties (Articles 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, and 35)
Application of penalties (Articles 46-60)
A. Penalties in General
1. Article 22. Retroactive application of penal law
2. Article 23. Effect of pardon by the offended party
3. Article 24. Measures of prevention or safety that are
not considered penalties
Case:
1. Gonzaga v. Sandiganbayan, 201 SCRA 417,
September 6, 1991
B. Classification of Penalties
1. Article 25. Classification of Penalties (Distinguished
from Art. 70 & Art. 71)
2. Article 26. Classification of penalty as to fines.
C. Duration and Effect of Penalties
1. Article 27. Duration of penalties
a. Distinction between reclusion perpetua and Life
Imprisonment
b. In what cases is destierro punishable
c. People v. Orita, 184 SCRA 105, April 3, 1990
d. People v. Takbobo, 244 SCRA 134, June 30, 1993
2. Article 28. Computation of penalties
a. When the offender is in prison
b. When the offender is not in prison
3. Article 29. Preventive imprisonment is deducted
from the term of imprisonment
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Atty. Aldrin Evangelista

D. Effect of the Penalties according to their respective 2. Distinction between Habitual delinquency and
nature Recidivism

1. Article 36. Effect of Pardon

a. Effect of Pardon H. Probation Law RA No. 10707

b. Limitation of Pardon 1. Instances when probation may be granted

c. Alfredo Lim v. Commission on Election and Joseph 2. Instance when probation may be denied
Ejercito Estrada, G.R. No. 206666 January 21, 2015
3. Period of probation
d. Distinction between pardon by the president and
pardon by the offended party 4. Cases:

2. Article 38. Pecuniary liabilities
a. Distinction between pecuniary liability and
pecuniary penalty
b. Classification of fine when exactly P40,000.00
1. Colinares v. People, 662 SCRA 266, December 13,
2011
2. Mustapha Dimakuta v. People, G.R. No. 206513,
October 20, 2015
3. Moreno v. Comelec, 498 SCRA 547

3. Article 39. Subsidiary Penalty

I. Indeterminate Sentence Law (ISLAW) (RA 4103)
4. Bond to keep the peace
1. Instances where ISLAW is inapplicable

2. Rule of ISLAW in the RPC

E. Accessory Penalty
3. Rule of ISLAW in the SPL
1. Articles 30 to 34

2. Articles 40 to 45
A. Factors to consider to arrive at the correct penalty
3. Article 70

COMPLEX CRIME
F. Application/Penalty for the Principal, Accomplice,
and Accessories. 1. Two kinds of Complex crime

1. Article 46 2. Concept of Complex crime

2. Articles 50 to 57 3. Compound crime

3. Factors affecting the degree of penalty Cases:

4. Factors affecting the period of penalty 1. People v. Comadre, 431 SCRA 366, June 8, 2004

5. Article 64. Rules for the application of penalties
which contain three periods
6. Article 70. Successive Service of Sentence
a. 3-fold Rule
2. People v. Gaffud, 566 SCRA 76 (2008)
3. People v. Guillen, 85 Phil. 307 (1950)
4. People v. Lacao, Sr., 201 SCRA 317, September 4,
1991

7. Article 71. Graduated scales of penalty 5. People v. Paycana Jr., 551 SCRA 657 (2008)

6. People v. Lopez, 312 SCRA 684, August 19, 1999

G. Habitual Delinquency 7. People v. Fabros, 214 SCRA 694 October 19, 1992

1. Article 62. Effect of Habitual Delinquency

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Atty. Aldrin Evangelista

4. Complex Crime Proper EXTINCTION OF CRIMINAL LIABILITY

Cases: Ways of extinction of criminal liability (Articles 89-93)

1. Monteverde v. People, 387 SCRA 196, August 12, Total extinction

2002
(i) Death;
2. Intestate Estate of Manolita Gonzales v. William Sato, (ii) Service of sentence;
612 SCRA 272, Feb. 11, 2010 (iii) Amnesty;
(iv) Absolute pardon;
3. People v. Salvilla, 184 SCRA 671, April 26, 1990 (v) Prescription of crime; (vi) Prescription of penalty;
4. People v. Astor, 149 SCRA 324, April 29, 1987 (vii) Marriage.

5. People v. Dawandawan, 184 SCRA 264, April 6, 1990

Partial extinction

5. Special Complex crime (i) Conditional pardon;

(ii) Commutation of sentence;
6. Distinction of Ordinary complex crime and special iii) Good conduct allowances;
complex crime (iv) Parole (Act 4103, Indeterminate Sentence Law);
(v) Probation (PD 968, as amended).
7. Delito Continuado

Cases:
Indeterminate Sentence Law (ISLAW) (RA 4103)
1. People v. De Leon, 591 SCRA 178, June 26, 2009
1. Instances where ISLAW is inapplicable
2. People v. Tumlos, 67 Phil. 320 (1939)
2. Rule of ISLAW in the RPC
3. People v. Sabbun, 10 SCRA 156 (1964)
3. Rule of ISLAW in the SPL
4. Paera v. People, 649 SCRA 384, May 30, 2011

Factors to consider in arriving at the correct penalty

8. Continuing Offense

EXTINCTION
Graduation of penalties (Article 71)
A. Extinction of criminal liability
Rules for graduating penalties (Article 61)
1. Article 89. How criminal liability is totally
Rules for application of indivisible penalties (Article 63)
extinguished
Rules for application of penalties containing three
a. Death
periods (Article 64)
b. Service of Sentence
Rules on the presence of mitigating/aggravating
circumstances and habitual delinquency (Article 62) c. Amnesty

Rules on the imposition of fines (Articles 66 and 75) People v. Patriarca, 341 SCRA 464

Three-fold rule (Article 70) d. Pardon

Preventive imprisonment (Article 29) e. Prescription of crime Art. 90

Subsidiary imprisonment (Article 39) People v. Reyes, 175 SCRA 597 [1989]

Execution and service of sentence (Article 78) Sermonia v. CA, 233 SCRA 155, June 14, 1994
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Atty. Aldrin Evangelista

f. Prescription of Penalty Art. 92 Articles 11 to 20

g. Marriage of the offended party. 1. People v. Gonzales, March 19, 1990, 183 SCRA 308

2. U.S. v. Ah Chong, 15 Phil. 488

2. Article 94. Partial Extinction of Criminal Liability 3. People v. Mabug-at, 51 Phil. 967

1. Conditional Pardon Art. 95 4. People v. Oanis, 74 Phil. 257

2. Commutation Art. 96 5. People v. Beronilla, 96 Phil. 566

3. Good conduct Art. 97 (RA 105592) 6. People v. Orita, April 03, 1990

4. Special time allowance for loyalty Art. 98 7. People v. Lubo, 101 Phil. 179

8. People v. Aposaga, 108 SCRA 574

CIVIL LIABILITY ARISING FROM CRIMES 9. People v. Feliciano, 58 SCRA 383

Civil liability of a person guilty of a felony (Article 100) 10. Barrioquinto v. Fernandez, 82 Phil. 642

Kinds of civil liability (Articles 104-109) 11. People v. Macatangay, 107 Phil. 188

Guidelines on fixing the civil liabilities in specific crimes 12. People v. Pisalvo, 108 SCRA 211
(Jugueta doctrine)
13. People v. Padirayon, 67 SCRA 135
Rules on subsidiary liability (Article 102)
14. Cruz v. People, October 08, 2014
Subsidiary liability of other persons (Article 103)
15. Valenzuela v. People, June 21, 2007
Extinction of civil liability (Article 112)

Obligation to satisfy civil liability (Article 113)

Articles 21 to 30

1. Francisco v. People, February 18, 2009

Addendum/Other Doctrinal Cases:
2. People v. Perez, et al., July 31, 2009
General Principles
3. People v. Talita, October 2, 2009
1. U.S. v. Taylor, 28 Phil. 599
4. Amanquiton v. People, August 14, 2009
2. U.S. v. Pablo, 35 Phil. 94
5. People v. Adeser, October 26, 2009
3. People v. Ferrer, 48 SCRA 382
6. Diamante v. People, September 4, 2009
4. People v. Villaraza, 81 SCRA 95
7. Garcia v. People, August 28, 2009
5. Valdez v. Lucero, 76 Phil. 356
8. Jacinto v. People, July 13, 2009
6. Marcos v. Chief of Staff, AFP, 89 Phil. 246
9. Norman Gaid v. People, April 7, 2009
7. Schneckenburger v. Moran, 63 Phil. 250
10. People v. Ortoa, February 23, 2009
8. People v. Tamayo, 61 Phil. 225
11. People v. Brioso, March 13, 2009
9. People v. Sindiong and Pastor, 77 Phil. 1000
12. People v. Lacaden, November 25, 2009
10. People v. Almuete, 69 SCRA 410
13. People v. Badriago, May 8, 2009
11. People v. Gatchalian, 104 Phil. 664
14. People v. Amodia, April 7, 2009
12. People v. Mangulabnan, 99 Phil. 992
15. People v. Santos, July 3, 3009
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16. People v. Pantaleon, March 13, 2009 49. People v. Valenzuela, February 6, 2009

17. People v. Reyes, March 17, 2009 50. People v. Hernando, November 25, 2009

18. People v. Mirasol, December 23, 2009

19. People v. Maliao, July 31, 2009 Articles 41 to 60

20. Cajigas v. People, February 23, 2009 1. People v. Fajardo, 49 Phil. 206

21. People v. Regalario, March 31, 2009 2. Pendon v. Diasnes, 91 Phil. 848

22. People v. Comillo, November 25, 2009 3. People v. Caldito, 72 Phil. 262

23. People v. Aleta, April 16, 2009 4. People v. Jose, 37 SCRA 450

24. People v. Lopez, April 16, 2009 5. Com. of Customs v. Encarnacion, 95 Phil. 439

25. People v. Domingo, March 2, 2009 6. People v. Sanchez, 101 Phil. 745

26. People v. Alipio, October 5, 2009 7. People v. Exconde, 101 Phil. 1125

27. Sierra v. People, July 3, 2009 8. People v. Munoz, 170 SCRA 107

28. Madali, et al. v. People, August 4, 2009 9. People v. Alcaantara, 21 SCRA 906

29. Remiendo v. People, October 9, 2009 10. People v. Dela Cruz, 122 CRA 227

30. Urbano v. People, January 20, 2009 11. People v. Marcos, 147 SCRA 204

31. People v. Comillo, Jr., et al., November 25, 2009 12. People v. Villanueva, 93 Phil. 927

32. People v. Obligado, April 16, 2009 13. People v. Busa, 51 SCRA 317

33. People v. Badriago, May 8, 2009 14. People v. Toling 62 SCRA 17

34. People v. Muhammad Abdulah, January 20, 2009 15. People v. Tamani, 55 SCRA 153

35. People v. Basmayor, February 10, 2009 16. People v. Apiado, 53 Phil. 325

36. People v. Delpino, June 18, 2009 17. People v. Remollino, 109 Phil. 607

37. Valenzuela v. People, August 14, 2009 18. People v. Abella, 93 SCRA 25

38. Pablo Amodia v. People, April 7, 2009 19. People v. Remerata, 98 Phil. 413

39. People v. De Guzman, February 4, 2009 20. People v. Araneta, 48 Phil. 650

40. People v. Villanueva, July 22, 2009 21. Parulan v. Rodas, 78 Phil. 855

41. People v. Honor, April 7, 2009 22. People v. Ty Sui Wong, 83 SCRA 125

42. People v. Sumingwa, October 13, 2009 23. People v. Manguiat, 51 Phil. 406

43. People v. Algarme and Gelle, February 12, 2009 24. People v. Hernandez, 99 Phil. 515

44. Ambito v. People, February 13, 2009 25. People v. Abedosa, 53 Phil. 788

45. Juno Bautista v. People, December 16, 2009 26. Regis v. People, 67 Phil. 43

46. Urbano v. People, January 20, 2009 27. People v. Barbas, 60 Phil 241

47. People v. Romualdez, April 29, 2009 28. People v. Ang Cho Kio, 95 Phil. 475

48. Sonny Romero v. People, July 17, 2009

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29. People v. Geronimo, 100 Phil. 90 17. People v. Ching Kuan, 70 Phil. 231

30. Angeles v. Jose, 96 Phil. 151 18. People v. Quinto, 60 Phil. 551

31. People v. Lizardo, 21 SCRA 1225 19. Delos Reyes v. People, 103 Phil. 297

32. People v. Hernandez, 99 Phil 51 20. People v. Peralta, et al., 25 SCRA 759

33. People v. Rillorta, 180 SCRA 102

34. Samson v. Court of Appeals, 103 Phil. 277 Recommended Reference/Text Books:

35. People v. Lasala, 4 SCRA 61 1. The Revised Penal Code, Reyes

36. People v. Pineda, 20 SCRA 748 2. Essentials in Criminal Law, Peralta

37. People v. Maribung, 149 SCRA 292 3. Criminal Law Concepts, Nojara

38. People v. Jaranilla, 55 SCRA 563 4. Criminal Law, Regalado

39. People v. Enguero, 100 Phil. 1001 5. Criminal Law, Lopez

40. People v. Co Pao, 58 Phil. 545 6. Criminal Law, Amurao

41. People v. Gayrama, 60 Phil. 796

42. People v. Haloot, 64 Phil. 739

Articles 61 to 80

1. People v. Abuyen, 52 Phil. 722

2. People v. De Jesus, 63 Phil. 760

3. People v. Blanco, 85 Phil. 296

4. People v. Montera, 55 Phil. 993

5. People v. Ortezuela, 51 Phil. 857

6. People v. Navales, 59 Phil. 496

7. People v. San Juan, 69 Phil. 347

8. People v. Lacsamana, 70 Phil. 517

9. People v. Morales, 61 Phil. 222

10 People v. Tolentino, 73 Phil. 643

11. People v. Santiago, 55 Phil. 266

12. People v. Albuquerque, 69 Phil. 609

13. People v. Venus 63 Phil. 435

14. People v. Costosa, 70 Phil. 10

15. U.S. v. Bulfa, 25 Phil. 97

16. U.S. v. Relador, 60 Phil. 593